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The Theosophical Glossary

By

H P Blavatsky

 

 

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The Secret Doctrine by H P Blavatsky

 

Glosario Teosofico (Espanol)

 

 

AUTHOR OF "ISIS UNVEILED", “THE SECRET DOCTRINE",  " THE KEY TO THEOSOPHY"

London:

THE THEOSOPHICAL PUBLISHING SOCIETY,

7, DUKE STREET, ADELPHI, W.C.

The Path Office: 132, NASSAU STREET, NEW YORK, U.S.A.

The Theosophist Office: ADYAR, MADRAS, INDIA.

1892

 

PREFACE.

The Theosophical Glossary labours under the disadvantage of being an almost

entirely posthumous work, of which the author only saw the first thirty-two

pages in proof. This is all the more regrettable, for H.P.B., as was her wont,

was adding considerably to her original copy, and would no doubt have increased

the volume far beyond its present limits, and so have thrown light on many

obscure terms that are not included in the present Glossary, and more important

still, have furnished us with a sketch of the lives and teachings of the most

famous Adepts of the East and West.

The Theosophical Glossary purposes to give information on the principal

Sanskrit, Pahlavi, Tibetan, Pâli, Chaldean, Persian, Scandinavian, Hebrew,

Greek, Latin, Kabalistic and Gnostic words, and Occult terms generally used in

Theosophical literature, and principally to be found in Isis Unveiled, Esoteric

Buddhism, The Secret Doctrine, The Key to Theosophy, etc.; and in the monthly

magazines, The Theosophist, Lucifer and The Path, etc., and other publications

of the Theosophical Society. The articles marked [w.w.w.] which explain words

found in the Kabalah, or which illustrate Rosicrucian or Hermetic doctrines,

were contributed at the special request of H.P.B. by Bro. W. W. Westcott, M.B.,

P.M. and P.Z., who is the Secretary General of the Rosicrucian Society, and

Præmonstrator of the Kabalah to the Hermetic Order of the G.D.

H.P.B. desired also to express her special indebtedness, as far as the

tabulation of facts is concerned, to the Sanskrit-Chinese Dictionary of Eitel,

The Hindu Classical Dictionary of Dowson, The Vishnu Purâna of Wilson, and the

Royal Masonic Cyclopædia of Kenneth Mackenzie.

As the undersigned can make no pretension to the elaborate and extraordinary

scholarship requisite for the editing of the multifarious and polyglot contents

of H.P.B.’s last contribution to Theosophical literature, there must necessarily

be mistakes of transliteration, etc., which specialists in scholarship will at

once detect. Meanwhile, however, as nearly every Orientalist has his own system,

varying transliterations may be excused in the present work, and not be set down

entirely to the “Karma” of the editor.

G. R. S. MEAD.

LONDON, January, 1892

                                                                                 

                                       

THEOSOPHICAL

GLOSSARY

A 


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A —The first letter in all the world-alphabets save a few, such for instance as

the Mongolian, the Japanese, the Tibetan, the Ethiopian, etc. It is a letter of

great mystic power and “magic virtue” with those who have adopted it, and with

whom its numerical value is one. It is the Aleph of the Hebrews, symbolized by

 

the Ox or Bull; the Alpha of the Greeks, the one and the first the Az of the

Slavonians, signifying the pronoun “I” (referring to the “I am that I am”). Even

in Astrology, Taurus (the Ox or Bull or the Aleph) is the first of the Zodiacal

signs, its colour being white and yellow. The sacred Aleph acquires a still more

marked sanctity with the Christian Kabalists when they learn that this letter

typifies the Trinity in Unity, as it is composed of two Yods, one upright, the

other reversed with a slanting bar or nexus, thus— a. Kenneth R. H. Mackenzie

states that “the St. Andrew cross is occultly connected therewith”. The divine

name, the first in the series corresponding with Aleph, is AêHêIêH or Ahih when

vowelless, and this is a Sanskrit root.

 

Aahla (Eg.). One of the divisions of the Kerneter or infernal regions, or Amenti

; the word means the “Field of Peace”.

 

Aanroo (Eg.). The second division of Amenti. The celestial field of Aanroo is

encircled by an iron wall. The field is covered with wheat, and the “Defunct”

are represented gleaning it, for the “Master of Eternity”; some stalks being

three, others five, and the highest seven cubits high. Those who reached the

last two numbers entered the state of bliss (which is called in Theosophy

Devachan) ; the disembodied spirits whose harvest was but three cubits high went

into lower regions (Kâmaloka). Wheat was with the Egyptians the symbol of the

Law of retribution or Karma. The cubits had reference to the seven, five and

three human “principles

 

Aaron (Heb.). The elder brother of Moses and the first Initiate of the

                                                                            


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Hebrew Lawgiver. The name means the Illuminated, or the Enlightened. Aaron thus

heads the line, or Hierarchy, of the initiated Nabim, or Seers.

 

Ab (Heb.). The eleventh month of the Hebrew civil year; the fifth of the sacred

year beginning in July.

[w.w.w.]

 

Abaddon (Heb.). An angel of Hell, corresponding to the Greek Apollyon.

 

Abatur (Gn.). In the Nazarene system the “Ancient of Days”, Antiquus Altus, the

Father of the Demiurgus of the Universe, is called the Third Life or “Abatur”.

He corresponds to the Third “Logos” in the Secret Doctrine. (See Codex Nazaræus)

 

Abba Amona (Heb.). Lit., “Father-Mother”; the occult names of the two higher

Sephiroth, Chokmah and Binah, of the upper triad, the apex of which is Sephira

or Kether. From this triad issues the lower septenary of the Sephirothal Tree.

 

Abhâmsi (Sk.). A mystic name of the “four orders of beings” which are, Gods,

Demons, Pitris and Men. Orientalists somehow connect the name with “waters”, but

esoteric philosophy connects its symbolism with Akâsa—the ethereal “waters of

space”, since it is on the bosom and on the seven planes of “space” that the

“four orders of (lower) beings” and the three higher Orders of Spiritual Beings

are born. (See Secret Doctrine I. p. 458, and “Ambhâmsi”.)

 

Abhâsvaras (Sk.). The Devas or “Gods” of Light and Sound, the highest of the

upper three celestial regions (planes) of the second Dhyâna (q.v.) A class of

gods sixty-four in number, representing a certain cycle and an occult number.

 

Abhâva (Sk.). Negation, or non-being of individual objects; the noumenal

substance, or abstract objectivity.

 

Abhaya (Sk.). “Fearlessness”—a son of Dharma; and also a religious life of duty.

As an adjective, “Fearless,” Abhaya is an epithet given to every Buddha,

 

Abhayagiri (Sk.). Lit., “Mount Fearless” in Ceylon. It has an ancient Vihâra or

Monastery in which the well-known Chinese traveller Fa-hien found 5,000 Buddhist

priests and ascetics in the year 400 of our era, and a School called Abhayagiri

Vâsinah,, “School of the Secret Forest”. This philosophical school was regarded

as heretical, as the ascetics studied the doctrines of both the “greater” and

the “smaller” vehicles— or the Mahâyâna and the Hinayâna systems and Triyâna or

the three successive degrees of Yoga; just as a certain Brotherhood does now

beyond the Himalayas. This proves that the “disciples of Kâtyâyana were and are

as unsectarian as their humble admirers the Theosophists

 


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are now. (See “Sthâvirâh" School.) This was the most mystical of all the

schools, and renowned for the number of Arhats it produced. The Brotherhood of

Abhayagiri called themselves the disciples of Kâtyâyana, the favourite Chela of

Gautama, the Buddha. Tradition says that owing to bigoted intolerance and

persecution, they left Ceylon and passed beyond the Himalayas, where they have

remained ever since.

 

Abhidharma (Sk.). The metaphysical (third) part of Tripitaka, a very

philosophical Buddhist work by Kâtyâyana.

 

Abhijñâ (Sk.). Six phenomenal (or “supernatural”) gifts which Sâkyamuni Buddha

acquired in the night on which he reached Buddhaship. This is the “fourth”

degree of Dhyâna (the seventh in esoteric teachings) which has to be attained by

every true Arhat. In China, the initiated Buddhist ascetics reckon six such

 

powers, but in Ceylon they reckon only five. The first Abhijñâ is Divyachakchus,

the instantaneous view of anything one wills to see; the second, is Divyasrotra,

the power of comprehending any sound whatever, etc., etc.

 

Abhimânim (Sk.). The name of Agni (fire) the “eldest son of Brahmâ”, in other

words, the first element or Force produced in the universe at its evolution (the

fire of creative desire). By his wife Swâhâ, Abhimânim had three sons (the

fires) Pâvaka, Pavamâna and Suchi, and these had “forty-five sons, who, with the

original son of Brahmâ and his three descendants, constitute the forty-nine

fires” of Occultism.

 

Abhimanyu (Sk.). A son of Arjuna. He killed Lakshmana,in the great battle of the

Mahâbhârata on its second day, but was himself killed on the thirteenth.

 

Abhûtarajasas (Sk.). A class of gods or Devas, during the period of the fifth

Manvantara.

 

Abib (Heb.)  The first Jewish sacred month, begins in March; is also called

Nisan.

 

 

Abiegnus Mons (Lat.). A mystic name, from whence as from a certain mountain,

Rosicrucian documents are often found to be issued— “Monte Abiegno”. There is a

connection with Mount Meru, and other sacred hills. [w.w.w.]

 

Ab-i-hayat (Pers.). Water of immortality. Supposed to give eternal youth and

sempiternal life to him who drinks of it.

 

Abiri (Gr.). See Kabiri, also written Kabeiri, the Mighty Ones, celestials, sons

of Zedec the just one, a group of deities worshipped in Phœnicia: they seem to

be identical with the Titans, Corybantes, Curetes, Telchines and Dii Magni of

Virgil. [w.w.w.]

 

Ablanathanalba (Gn.). A term similar to “Abracadabra”. It is said by C. W. King

to have meant “thou art a father to us”; it reads the same

 


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from either end and was used as a charm in Egypt.

(See “Abracadabra”.)

 

Abracadabra (Gn.). This symbolic word first occurs in a medical treatise in

verse by Samonicus, who flourished in the reign of the Emperor Septimus Seveus.

Godfrey Higgins says it is from Abra or Abar

“God”, in Celtic, and cad  ‘‘holy” ; it was used as a charm, and engraved on

Kameas as an amulet. [w.w.w.]

Godfrey Higgins was nearly right, as the word “Abracadabra” is a later

corruption of the sacred Gnostic term “Abrasax”, the latter itself being a still

earlier corruption of a sacred and ancient Coptic or Egyptian word: a magic

formula which meant in its symbolism ‘‘Hurt me not”, and addressed the deity in

its hieroglyphics as “Father”. It was generally attached to an amulet or charm

and worn as a Tat (q.v.), on the breast under the garments.

 

Abraxas or Abrasax (Gn.). Mystic words which have been traced as far back as

Basilides, the Pythagorean, of Alexandria, AD. 90. He uses Abraxas as a title

for Divinity, the supreme of Seven, and as having 365 virtues. In Greek

numeration, a. 1, b. 2, r. 100, a. I, x 60, a. I, s. 200 = 365 days of the year,

solar year, a cycle of divine action. C. W. King, author of The Gnostics,

considers the word similar to the Hebrew Shemhamphorasch, a holy word, the

extended name of God. An Abraxas Gem usually shows a man’s body with the head of

a cock, one arm with a shield, the other with a whip.

[ w.w.w.]

Abraxas is the counterpart of the Hindu Abhimânim (q.v.) and Brahmâ combined. It

is these compound and mystic qualities which caused Oliver, the great Masonic

authority, to connect the name of Abraxas with that of Abraham. This was

unwarrantable ; the virtues and attributes of Abraxas, which are 365 in number,

ought to have shown him that the deity was connected with the Sun and solar

division of the year——nay, that Abraxas is the antitype, and the Sun, the type.

 

Absoluteness. When predicated of the UNIVERSAL PRINCIPLE, it denotes an abstract

noun, which is more correct and logical than to apply the adjective “absolute ”

to that which has neither attributes nor limitations, nor can IT have any.

 

Ab-Soo (Chald.). The mystic name for Space, meaning the dwelling of Ab the

“Father”, or the head of the source of the Waters of Knowledge. The lore of the

latter is concealed in the invisible space or akasic regions.

 

Acacia (Gr.). Innocence; and also a plant used in Freemasonry as a symbol of

initiation, immortality, and purity; the tree furnished the sacred Shittim wood

of the Hebrews. [w.w.w.]

 

Achamôth (Gn.). The name of the second, the inferior Sophia.

 


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Esoterically and with the Gnostics, the elder Sophia was the Holy Spirit (female

Holy Ghost) or the Sakti of the Unknown, and the Divine Spirit; while Sophia

Achamôth is but the personification of the female aspect of the creative male

Force in nature; also the Astral Light.

 

Achar (Heb.). The Gods over whom (according to the Jews) Jehovah is the God.

 

Âchâra (Sk.). Personal and social (religious) obligations.

 

Âchârya (Sk.). Spiritual teacher, Guru; as Sankar-âchârya, lit., a “teacher of

ethics”. A name generally given to Initiates, etc., and meaning  “Master”.

 

Achath (Heb.). The one, the first, feminine; achad being masculine. A Talmudic

word applied to Jehovah. It is worthy of note that the Sanskrit term ak means

one, ekata being “unity”, Brahmâ being called ák, or eka, the one, the first,

whence the Hebrew word and application.

 

Acher (Heb.). The Talmudic name of the Apostle Paul. The Talmud narrates the

story of the four Tanaim, who entered the Garden of Delight, i.e., came to he

initiated; Ben Asai, who looked and lost his sight; Ben Zoma, who looked and

lost his reason; Acher, who made depredations in the garden and failed; and

Rabbi Akiba, who alone succeeded. The Kabalists say that Acher is Paul.

 

Acheron (Gr.). One of the rivers of Hades in Greek mythology.

 

Achit (Sk.). Absolute non-intelligence; as Chit is—in contrast— absolute

intelligence.

 

Achyuta (Sk.). That which is not subject to change or fall; the opposite to

Chyuta, “fallen”. A title of Vishnu.

 

Acosmism (Gr.). The precreative period, when there was no Kosmos but Chaos

alone.

 

Ad (Assyr.). Ad, “the Father”. In Aramean ad means one, and ad-ad “the only

one”.

 

Adah (Assyr.). Borrowed by the Hebrews for the name of their Adah, father of

Jubal, etc. But Adah meaning the first, the one, is universal property. There

are reasons to think that Ak-ad, means the first-born or Son of Ad. Adon was the

first “Lord” of Syria. (See Isis Unv. II., pp. 452, 453.)

 

Adam (Heb.). In the Kabalah Adam is the “only-begotten”, and means also “red

earth”. (See “Adam-Adami” in the S.D. II p. 452.) It is almost identical with

Athamas or Thomas, and is rendered into Greek by Didumos, the “twin”—Adam, “the

first”, in chap. 1 of Genesis, being shown, “male-female.”

 

Adam Kadmon (Heb). Archetypal Man; Humanity. The

                                                                   


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“Heavenly Man” not fallen into sin; Kabalists refer it to the Ten Sephiroth on

the plane of human perception. [w.w.w.]

In the Kabalah Adam Kadmon is the manifested Logos corresponding to our Third

Logos; the Unmanifested being the first paradigmic ideal Man, and symbolizing

the Universe in abscondito, or in its “privation” in the Aristotelean sense. The

First Logos is the “Light of the World”, the Second and the Third—its gradually

deepening shadows.

 

Adamic Earth (Alch.). Called the “true oil of gold” or the “primal element” in

Alchemy. It is but one remove from the pure homogeneous element.

 

Adbhuta Brâhmana (Sk.). The Brâhmana of miracles; treats of marvels, auguries,

and various phenomena.

 

Adbhuta Dharma (Sk.). The “law” of things never heard before. A class of

Buddhist works on miraculous or phenomenal events.

 

Adept (Lat.). Adeptus, “He who has obtained.” In Occultism one who has reached

the stage of Initiation, and become a Master in the science of Esoteric

philosophy.

 

Adharma (Sk.). Unrighteousness, vice, the opposite of Dharma.

 

Adhi (Sk.). Supreme, paramount.

 

Adhi-bhautika duhkha (Sk.). The second of the three kinds of pain; lit., “Evil

proceeding from external things or beings”.

 

Adhi-daivika duhkha (Sk.). The third of the three kinds of pain. “Evil

proceeding from divine causes, or a just Karmic punishment”.

 

Adhishtânam (Sk.). Basis; a principle in which some other principle inheres.

 

Adhyâtmika duhkha (Sk.). The first of the three kinds of pain; lit., “Evil

proceeding from Self ”, an induced or a generated evil by Self, or man himself.

 

Adhyâtma Vidyâ (Sk.). Lit., “the esoteric luminary”. One of the Pancha Vidyâ

Sastras, or the Scriptures of the Five Sciences.

 

Âdi (Sk.) The First, the primeval.

 

Âdi (the Sons of). In Esoteric philosophy the “Sons of Adi” are called the “Sons

of the Fire-mist”. A term used of certain adepts.

 

Âdi-bhûta (Sk.). The first Being; also primordial element. Adbhuta is a title of

Vishnu, the “first Element” containing all elements, “the unfathomable deity”.

 

Âdi-Buddha (Sk.). The First and Supreme Buddha—not recognised in the Southern

Church. The Eternal Light.

 

Âdi-budhi (Sk.). Primeval Intelligence or Wisdom; the eternal Budhi or Universal

Mind. Used of Divine Ideation, “Mahâbuddhi” being synonymous with MAHAT.


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Âdikrit (Sk.). Lit., the “first produced” or made. The creative Force eternal

and uncreate, but manifesting periodically. Applied to Vishnu slumbering on the

“waters of space” during “pralaya” (q.v.).

 

Âdi-nâtha (Sk.). The “first” Lord”—Âdi “first” (masc.), nâtha “Lord”.

 

Âdi-nidâna (Sk.). First and Supreme Causality, from Âdi, the first, and Nidâna

the principal cause (or the concatenation of cause and effect).

 

Âdi-Sakti (Sk.). Primeval, divine Force; the female creative power, and aspect

in and of every male god. The Sakti in the Hindu Pantheon is always the spouse

of some god.

 

Âdi-Sanat (Sk.). Lit., “First Ancient”. The term corresponds to the Kabalistic

“ancient of days”, since it is a title of Brahmâ—called in the Zohar the

Atteekah d’Atteekeen, or “the Ancient of the Ancients”, etc.

 

Âditi (Sk.). The Vedic name for the Mûlaprakriti of the Vedantists; the abstract

aspect of Parabrahman, though both unmanifested and unknowable. In the Vedas

Âditi is the “Mother-Goddess”, her terrestrial symbol being infinite and

shoreless space.

 

Âditi-Gæa.  A compound term, Sanskrit and Latin, meaning dual, nature in

theosophical writings—spiritual and physical, as Gæa is the goddess of the earth

and of objective nature.

 

Âditya (Sk.). A name of the Sun; as Mârttânda he is the Son of Aditi.

 

Âdityas (Sk.). The seven sons of Âditi; the seven planetary gods.

 

Âdi Varsha (Sk.). The first land; the primordial country in which dwelt the

first races.

 

Adonai (Heb.). The same as Adonis. Commonly translated “Lord”.

Astronomically—the Sun. When a Hebrew in reading came to the name IHVH, which is

called Jehovah, he paused and substituted the word “Adonai”, (Adni); but when

written with the points of Alhim, he called it “Elohim”. [w.w.w.]

 

Adonim-Adonai, Adon. The ancient Chaldeo-Hebrew names for the Elohim or creative

terrestrial forces, synthesized by Jehovah.

 

Adwaita (Sk.). A Vedânta sect. The non-dualistic (A-dwaita) school of Vedântic

philosophy founded by Sankarâchârya, the greatest of the historical Brahmin

sages. The two other schools are the Dwaita (dualistic) and the Visishtadwaita;

all the three call themselves Vedântic.

 

Adwaitin (Sk.). A follower of the said school.

 

Adytum (Gr.). The Holy of Holies in the pagan temples. A name for the secret and

sacred precincts or the inner chamber, into which no


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profane could enter; it corresponds to the sanctuary of the altars of Christian

Churches.

 

Æbe1-Zivo (Gn.). The Metatron or anointed spirit with the Nazarene Gnostics; the

same as the angel Gabriel.

 

Æolus (Gr.). The god who, according to Hesiod, binds and looses the winds; the

king of storms and winds. A king of Æolia, the inventor of sails and a great

astronomer, and therefore deified by posterity.

 

Æon or Æons (Gr.). Periods of time; emanations proceeding from the divine

essence, and celestial beings; genii and angels with the Gnostics.

 

Æsir (Scand.). The same as Ases, the creative Forces personified. The gods who

created the black dwarfs or the Elves of Darkness in Asgard. The divine Æsir,

the Ases are the Elves of Light. An allegory bringing together darkness which

comes from light, and matter born of spirit.

 

Æther (Gr.). With the ancients the divine luminiferous substance which pervades

the whole universe, the “garment” of the Supreme Deity, Zeus, or Jupiter. With

the moderns, Ether, for the meaning of which in physics and chemistry see

Webster’s Dictionary or any other. In esotericism  Æther is the third principle

of the Kosmic Septenary; the Earth being the lowest, then the Astral light,

Ether and Âkâsa (phonetically Âkâsha) the highest.

 

Æthrobacy (Gr.). Lit., walking on, or being lifted into the air with no visible

agent at work; “levitation”. It may be conscious or unconscious; in the one case

it is magic, in the other either disease

or a power which requires a few words of elucidation. We know that the earth is

a magnetic body; in fact, as some scientists have found, and as Paracelsus

affirmed some 300 years ago, it is one vast magnet. It is charged with one form

of electricity—let us call it positive—which it evolves continuously by

spontaneous action, in its interior or centre of motion. Human bodies, in common

with all other forms of matter, are charged with the opposite form of

electricity, the negative. That is to say, organic or inorganic bodies, if left

to themselves will constantly and involuntarily charge themselves with and

evolve the form of electricity opposite to that of the earth itself. Now, what

is weight? Simply the attraction of the earth. “Without the attraction of the

earth you would have no weight”, says Professor Stewart; “and if you had an

earth twice as heavy as this, you would have double the attraction”. How then,

can we get rid of this attraction? According to the electrical law above stated,

there is an attraction between our planet and the organisms upon it, which keeps

them upon the surface of the globe. But the law of gravitation has been

counteracted in many instances, by levitation of persons and inanimate objects.

How


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account for this? The condition of our physical systems, say theurgic

philosophers, is largely dependent upon the action of our will. If well-

regulated, it can produce “miracles”; among others a change of this electrical

polarity from negative to positive; the man’s relations with the earth-magnet

would then become repellent, and “gravity”for him would have ceased to exist. It

would then be as natural for him to rush into the air until the repellent force

had exhausted itself, as, before, it had been for him to remain upon the ground.

The altitude of his levitation would be measured by his ability, greater or

less, to charge his body with positive electricity. This control over the

physical forces once obtained, alteration of his levity or gravity would be as

easy as breathing. (See Isis Unveiled, Vol. I., page xxiii.)

 

Afrits (Arab.). A name for native spirits regarded as devils by Mussulmen.

Elementals much dreaded in Egypt.

 

Agapæ (Gr.). Love Feasts; the early Christians kept such festivals in token of

sympathy, love and mutual benevolence. It became necessary to abolish them as an

institution, because of great abuse ; Paul in his First Epistle to the

Corinthians complains of misconduct at the feasts of the Christians. [w.w.w.].

 

Agastya (Sk.). The name of a great Rishi, much revered in Southern India; the

reputed author of hymns in the Rig Veda, and a great hero in the Râmâyana. In

Tamil literature he is credited with having been the first instructor of the

Dravidians in science, religion and philosophy. It is also the name of the star

Canopus”.

 

Agathodæmon (Gr.). The beneficent, good Spirit as contrasted with the bad one,

Kakodæmon. The

“Brazen Serpent” of the Bible is the former; the flying serpents of fire are an

aspect of Kakodæmon. The Ophites called Agathodæmon the Logos and Divine Wisdom,

which in the Bacchanalian Mysteries was represented by a serpent erect on a

pole.

 

Agathon (Gr.). Plato’s Supreme Deity. Lit., “The Good”, our ALAYA, or “Universal

Soul”.

 

Aged (Kab.). One of the Kabbalistic names for Sephira, called also the Crown, or

Kether.

 

Agla (Heb.). This Kabbalistic word is a talisman composed of the initals of the

four words “Ateh Gibor Leolam Adonai”, meaning “Thou art mighty for ever 0

Lord”. MacGregor Mathers explains it thus “A, the first; A, the last; G, the

trinity in unity; L, the completion of the great work”. [w.w.w.]

 

Agneyastra (Sk.). The fiery missiles or weapons used by the Gods in the exoteric

Purânas and the Mahâbhârata the magic weapons said to have been wielded by the

adept-race (the fourth), the Atlanteans. This


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“weapon of fire” was given by Bharadwâja to Agnivesa, the son of Agni, and by

him to Drona, though the Vishnu Purâna contradicts this, saying that it was

given by the sage Aurva to King Sagara, his chela. They are frequently mentioned

in the Mahâbhârata and the Râmâyana.

 

Agni (Sk.). The God of Fire in the Veda; the oldest and the most revered of Gods

in India. He is one of the three great deities: Agni, Vâyu and Sûrya, and also

all the three, as he is the triple aspect of fire; in heaven as the Sun; in the

atmosphere or air (Vâyu), as Lightning; on. earth, as ordinary Fire. Agni

belonged to the earlier Vedic Trimûrti before Vishnu was given a place of honour

and before Brahmâ and Siva were invented.

 

Agni Bâhu (Sk.). An ascetic son of Manu Swâyambhuva, the “Self-born”.

 

Agni Bhuvah (Sk.). Lit., “born of fire”, the term is applied to the four races

of Kshatriyas (the second or warrior caste) whose ancestors are said to have

sprung from fire. Agni Bhuvah is the son of Agni, the God of Fire; Agni Bhuvah

being the same as Kartti-keya, the God of War. (See Sec.Doct., Vol. II., p.

550.)

 

Agni Dhätu Samâdhi (Sk.). A kind of contemplation in Yoga practice, when

Kundalini is raised to the extreme and the infinitude appears as one sheet of

fire. An ecstatic condition.

 

Agni Hotri (Sk.). The priests who served the Fire-God in Aryan antiquity. The

term Agni Hotri is one that denotes oblation.

 

Agni-ratha (Sk.). A “Fiery Vehicle” literally. A kind of flying machine. Spoken

of in ancient works of magic in India and in the epic poems.

 

Agnishwattas (Sk.). A class of Pitris, the creators of the first ethereal race

of men. Our solar ancestors as contrasted with the Barhishads, the “lunar”

Pitris or ancestors, though otherwise explained in the Purânas.

 

Agnoia (Gr.). “Divested of reason”, lit., “irrationality”, when speaking of the

animal Soul. According to Plutarch, Pythagoras and Plato divided the human soul

into two parts (the higher and lower manas)—the rational or noëtic and the

irrational, or agnoia, sometimes written “annoia”.

 

Agnostic (Gr.). A word claimed by Mr. Huxley to have been coined by him to

indicate one who believes nothing which can not be demonstrated by the senses.

The later schools of Agnosticism give more philosophical definitions of the

term.

 

Agra-Sandhânî (Sk.). The “Assessors” or Recorders who read at the


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judgment of a disembodied Soul the record of its life in the heart of that

“Soul”. The same almost as the Lipikas of the Secret Doctrine. (See Sec.Doct.,

Vol. I., p. 105.)

 

Agruerus ; A very ancient Phœnician god. The same as Saturn.

 

Aham (Sk.). “I”—the basis of Ahankâra, Self-hood.

 

Ahan (Sk.). “Day”;the Body of Brahmâ, in the Purânas.

 

Ahankâra (Sk.). The conception of “I”, Self-consciousness or Self- identity; the

“I”, the egotistical and mâyâvic principle in man, due to our ignorance which

separates our “I” from the Universal ONE-SELF Personality, Egoism.

 

Aheie (Heb.). Existence. He who exists; corresponds to Kether and Macroprosopus.

 

Ah-hi (Sensar), Ahi (Sk.), or Serpents. Dhyân Chohans. “Wise Serpents” or

Dragons of Wisdom.

 

Ahi (Sk.). A serpent. A name of Vritra, the Vedic demon of drought.

 

Ahti (Scand.). The “Dragon” in the Eddas.

 

Ahu (Scand.). “One” and the First.

 

Ahum (Zend). The first three principles of septenary man in the Avesta ; the

gross living man and his vital and astral principles.

 

Ahura (Zend.). The same as Asura, the holy, the Breath-like. Ahura Mazda, the

Ormuzd of the Zoroastrians or Parsis, is the Lord who bestows light and

intelligence, whose symbol is the Sun (See “Ahura Mazda”), and of whom Ahriman,

a European form of “Angra Mainyu” (q.v.), is the dark aspect.

 

Ahura Mazda (Zend). The personified deity, the Principle of Universal Divine

Light of the Parsis. From Ahura or Asura, breath, “spiritual, divine” in the

oldest Rig Veda, degraded by the orthodox Brahmans into A -sura, “no gods”, just

as the Mazdeans have degraded the Hindu Devas (Gods) into Dæva (Devils).

 

Aidoneus (Gr.). The God and King of the Nether World; Pluto or Dionysos

Chthonios (subterranean).

 

Aij Talon. The supreme deity of the Yakoot, a tribe in Northern Siberia.

 

Ain-Aior (Chald.). The only “Self-existent” a mystic name for divine substance.

[w.w.w.]

 

Ain (Heb.). The negatively existent; deity in repose, and absolutely passive.

[w.w.w.]

 

Aindrî (Sk.). Wife of Indra.

 

Aindriya (Sk.). Or Indrânî, Indriya; Sakti. The female aspect or “wife” of

Indra.


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Ain Soph (Heb.). The “Boundless” or Limitless; Deity emanating and extending.

[w.w.w.]

Ain Soph is also written En Soph and Ain Suph, no one, not even Rabbis, being

sure of their vowels. In the religious metaphysics of the old Hebrew

philosophers, the ONE Principle was an abstraction, like Parabrahmam, though

modern Kabbalists have succeeded now, by dint of mere sophistry and paradoxes,

in making a “Supreme God” of it and nothing higher. But with the early Chaldean

Kabbalists Ain Soph is “without form or being”, having “no likeness with

anything else” (Franck, Die Kabbala, p. 126). That Ain Soph has never been

considered as the “Creator” is proved by even such an orthodox Jew as Philo

calling the “Creator” the Logos, who stands next the “Limitless One”, and the

“Second God”. “The Second God is its (Ain Soph’s) wisdom”, says Philo (Quaest.

et Solut.). Deity is NO-THING; it is nameless, and therefore called Ain Soph;

the word Ain meaning NOTHING. (See Franck’s Kabbala, p. 153 ff.)

 

Ain Soph Aur (Heb.). The Boundless Light which concentrates into the First and

highest Sephira or Kether, the Crown. [w. w. w.]

 

Airyamen Yaêgo (Zend). Or Airyana Vaêgo; the primeval land of bliss referred to

in the Vendîdâd, where Ahura Mazda delivered his laws to Zoroaster (Spitama

Zarathustra).

 

Airyana-ishejô (Zend). The name of a prayer to the “holy Airyamen”, the divine

aspect of Ahriman before the latter became a dark opposing power, a Satan. For

Ahriman is of the same essence with Ahura Mazda, just as Typhon-Seth is of the

same essence with Osiris (q.v.).

 

Aish (Heb.). The word for “Man".

 

Aisvarikas (Sk.). A theistic school of Nepaul, which sets up Âdi Buddha as a

supreme god ( Îsvara ), instead of seeing in the name that of a principle, an

abstract philosophical symbol.

 

Aitareya (Sk.). The name of an Aranyaka (Brâhmana) and a Upanishad of the Rig

Veda. Some of its portions are purely Vedântic.

 

Aith-ur (Chald.). Solar fire, divine Æther.

 

Aja (Sk.). “Unborn”, uncreated; an epithet belonging to many of the primordial

gods, but especially to the first Logos—a radiation of the Absolute on the plane

of illusion.

 

Ajitas (Sk.). One of the Occult names of the twelve great gods incarnating in

each Manvantara. The Occultists identify them with the Kumâras. They are called

Jnâna (or Gnâna) Devas. Also, a form of Vishnu in the second Manvantara. Called

also Jayas.

 

Ajnâna (Sk.) or Agyana (Bengali). Non-knowledge; absence of

 
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knowledge rather than “ignorance” as generally translated. An Ajnâni means a

“profane”.

 

Akar (Eg.). The proper name of that division of the Ker-neter infernal regions,

which may be called Hell. [w. w. w.].

 

Akâsa (Sk.). The subtle, supersensuous spiritual essence which pervades all

space; the primordial substance erroneously identified with Ether. But it is to

Ether what Spirit is to Matter, or Âtmâ to Kâma-rûpa.  It is, in fact, the

Universal Space in which lies inherent the eternal Ideation of the Universe in

its ever-changing aspects on the planes of matter and objectivity, and from

which radiates the First Logos, or expressed thought. This is why it is stated

in the Purânas that Âkâsa has but one attribute, namely sound, for sound is but

the translated symbol of Logos—“Speech” in its mystic sense. In the same

sacrifice (the Jyotishtoma Agnishtoma) it is called the “God Âkâsa”. In these

sacrificial mysteries Âkâsa is the all-directing ‘and omnipotent Deva who plays

the part of Sadasya, the superintendent over the magical effects of the

religious performance, and it had its own appointed Hotri (priest) in days of

old, who took its name. The Âkâsa is the indispensable agent of every Krityâ

(magical performance) religious or profane. The expression “to stir up the

Brahmâ”, means to stir up the power which lies latent at the bottom of every

magical operation, Vedic sacrifices being in fact nothing if not ceremonial

magic. This power is the Âkâsa—in another aspect, Kundalini—occult electricity,

the alkahest of the alchemists in one sense, or the universal solvent, the same

anima mundi on the higher plane as the astral light is on the lower. “At the

moment of the sacrifice the priest becomes imbued with the spirit of Brahmâ, is,

for the time being, Brahmâ himself”. (Isis Unveiled).

 

Akbar. The great Mogul Emperor of India, the famous patron of religions, arts,

and sciences, the most liberal of all the Mussulman sovereigns. There has never

been a more tolerant or enlightened ruler than the Emperor Akbar, either in

India or in any other Mahometan country.

 

Akiba (Heb.). The only one of the four Tanaim (initiated prophets) who entering

the Garden of Delight (of the occult sciences) succeeded in getting himself

initiated while all the others failed. (See the Kabbalistic Rabbis).

 

Akshara (Sk.). Supreme Deity; lit., “indestructible”, ever perfect.

 

Akta (Sk.). Anointed: a title of Twashtri or Visvakarman, the highest “Creator”

and Logos in the

Rig -Veda. He is called the “Father of the Gods” and “Father of the sacred Fire”

(See note page 101, Vol. II., Sec.Doct.).

 

Akûpâra (Sk.). The Tortoise, the symbolical turtle on which the earth is said to

rest.

 
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Al or El (Heb.). This deity-name is commonly translated “God’, meaning mighty,

supreme. The plural is Elohim, also translated in the Bible by the word God, in

the singular. [w.w.w.]

 

Al-ait (Phœn.). The God of Fire, an ancient and very mystic name in Koptic

Occultism.

 

Alaparus (Chald.). The second divine king of Babylonia who reigned.. “three

Sari”. The first king of the divine Dynasty was Alorus according to Berosus. He

was “the appointed Shepherd of the people” and reigned ten Sari (or 36,000

years, a Saros being 3,600 years).

 

Alaya (Sk.). The Universal Soul (See Secret Doctrine Vol. I. pp. 47 et seq.).

The name belongs to the Tibetan system of the contemplative Mahâyâna School.

Identical with Âkâsa in its mystic sense, and with Mulâprâkriti, in its essence,

as it is the basis or root of all things.

 

Alba Petra (Lat.). The white stone of Initiation. The “white cornelian”

mentioned in St. John’s Revelation.

 

Al-Chazari (Arab.). A Prince-Philosopher and Occultist. (See Book Al-Chazari.)

 

Alchemists;  From Al and Chemi, fire, or the god and patriarch, Kham, also, the

name of Egypt. The Rosicrucians of the middle ages, such as Robertus de

Fluctibus (Robert Fludd), Paracelsus, Thomas Vaughan (Eugenius Philalethes), Van

Helmont, and others, were all alchemists, who sought for the hidden spirit in

every inorganic matter. Some people— nay, the great majority—have accused

alchemists of charlatanry and false pretending. Surely such men as Roger Bacon,

Agrippa, Henry Khunrath, and the Arabian Geber (the first to introduce into

Europe some of the secrets of chemistry), can hardly he treated as impostors—

least of all as fools. Scientists who are reforming the science of physics upon

the basis of the atomic theory of Democritus, as restated by John Dalton,

conveniently forget that Democritus, of Abdera, was an alchemist, and that the

mind that was capable of penetrating so far into the secret operations of nature

in one direction must have had good reasons to study and become a Hermetic

philosopher. Olaus Borrichius says that the cradle of alchemy is to be sought in

the most distant times. (Isis Unveiled).

 

Alchemy ; in Arabic Ul-Khemi, is, as the name suggests, the chemistry of nature.

Ui-Khemi or

Al-Kimia, however, is only an Arabianized word, taken from the Greek chemeia,

(chemeia) from cumoz— “juice”, sap extracted from a plant. Says Dr. Wynn

Westcott: “The earliest use of the actual

term ‘alchemy’  is found in the works of Julius Firmicus Maternus, who lived in

the days of Constantine the Great. The  Imperial Library in Paris contains the

oldest-extant alchemic treatise known in Europe;

it was written by  Zosimus the Panopolite about 400 A.D.


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in the Greek language, the next oldest is by Æneas Gazeus, 480  A.D.” It deals

with the finer forces of nature and the various conditions in which they are

found to operate. Seeking under the veil of language, more or less artificial,

to convey to the uninitiated so much of the  mysterium magnum as is safe in the

hands of a selfish world, the alchemist postulates as his first  principle the

existence of a certain Universal Solvent by which all composite bodies are

resolved into the  homogeneous substance from which they are evolved, which

substance he calls pure gold, or summa  materia. This solvent, also called

menstvuum universale, possesses the power of removing all the seeds of  disease

from the human body, of renewing youth and prolonging life. Such is the lapis

philosophorum  (philosopher’s stone). Alchemy first penetrated into Europe

through Geber, the great Arabian sage and  philosopher, in the eighth century of

our era; but it was known and practised long ages ago in China and  in Egypt,

numerous papyri on alchemy and other proofs of its being the favourite study of

kings and  priests having been exhumed and preserved under the generic name of

Hermetic treatises. (See “Tabula Smaragdina”). Alchemy is studied under three

distinct aspects, which admit of many different interpretations, viz.: the

Cosmic, Human, and Terrestrial. These three methods were typified under the

three alchemical properties—sulphur, mercury, and salt. Different writers have

stated that there are three, seven, ten, and twelve processes respectively; but

they are all agreed that there is but one object in alchemy, which is to

transmute gross metals into pure gold. What that gold, however, really is, very

few people understand correctly. No doubt that there is such a thing in nature

as transmutation of the baser metals into the nobler, or gold. But this is only

one aspect of alchemy, the terrestrial or purely material, for we sense

logically the same process taking place in the bowels of the earth. Yet, besides

and beyond this interpretation, there is in alchemy a symbolical meaning, purely

psychic and spiritual. While the Kabbalist-Alchemist seeks for the realization

of the former, the Occultist-Alchemist, spurning the gold of the mines, gives

all his attention and directs his efforts only towards the transmutation of the

baser quaternary into the divine upper trinity of man, which when finally

blended are one. The spiritual, mental, psychic, and physical planes of human

existence are in alchemy compared to the four elements, fire, air, water and

earth, and are each capable of a threefold constitution, i.e., fixed, mutable

and volatile. Little or nothing is known by the word concerning the origin of

this archaic branch of philosophy; but it is certain that it antedates the

construction of any known Zodiac, and, as dealing with the personified forces of

nature, probably also any of the mythologies of the world; nor is there any

doubt that the true secret of transmutation (on the physical plane) was known in

 


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days of old, and lost before the dawn of the so-called historical period. Modern

chemistry owes its best fundamental discoveries to alchemy, but regardless of

the undeniable truism of the latter that there is but one element in the

universe, chemistry has placed metals in the class of elements and is only now

beginning to find out its gross mistake. Even sonic Encyclopædists are now

forced to confess that if most of the accounts of transmutations are fraud or

delusion, “yet some of them are accompanied by testimony which renders them

probable. . . By means of the galvanic battery even the alkalis have been

discovered to have a metallic base. The possibility of obtaining metal from

other substances which contain the ingredients composing it, and of changing one

metal into another . . . must therefore be left undecided. Nor are all

alchemists to be considered impostors. Many have laboured under the conviction

of obtaining their object, with indefatigable patience and purity of heart,

which is earnestly recommended by sound alchemists as the principal requisite

for the success of their labours.”

(Pop. Encyclop.)

 

Alcyone (Gr.), or Halcyone, daughter of Æolus, and wife of Ceyx, who was drowned

as he was journeying to consult the oracle, upon which she threw herself into

the sea. Accordingly both were changed, through the mercy of the gods, into

king-fishers. The female is said to lay her eggs on the sea and keep it calm

during the seven days before and seven days after the winter solstice. It has a

very occult significance in ornithomancy.

 

Alectromancy (Gr.). Divination by means of a cock, or other bird; a circle was

drawn and divided into spaces, each one allotted to a letter; corn was spread

over these places and note was taken of the successive lettered divisions from

which the bird took grains of corn. [w.w.w.]

 

Alethæ (Phœn) “Fire worshippers” from Al-alt, the God of Fire. The same as the

Kabiri or divine Titans. As the seven emanations of Agruerus (Saturn) they are

connected with all the fire, solar and” storm gods (Maruts).

 

Aletheia (Gr.). Truth; also Alethia, one of Apollo’s nurses.

 

Alexadrian School (of Philosophers). This famous school arose in Alexandria

(Egypt) which was for several centuries the great seat of learning and

philosophy. Famous for its library, which bears the name of “Alexandrian”,

founded by Ptolemy Soter, who died in 283 B.C., at the very beginning of his

reign ; that library which once boasted of 700,000 rolls or volumes (Aulus

Gellius); for its museum, the first real academy of sciences and arts ; for its

world-famous scholars, such as Euclid (the father of scientific geometry),

Apollonius of Perga (the author of the still extant work on conic sections),

Nicomachus (the arithmetician); astronomers, natural philosophers, anatomists

such as Herophilus and


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Erasistratus, physicians, musicians, artists, etc., etc. ; it became still more

famous for its Eclectic, or the New Platonic school, founded in 193 A.D., by

Ammonius Saccas, whose disciples were Origen, Plotinus, and many others now

famous in history. The most celebrated schools of Gnostics had their origin in

Alexandria. Philo Judæus Josephus, lamblichus, Porphyry, Clement of Alexandria,

Eratosthenes the astronomer, Hypatia the virgin philosopher, and numberless

other stars of second magnitude, all belonged at various times to these great

schools, and helped to make Alexandria one of the most justly renowned seats of

learning that the world has ever produced.

 

Alhim (Heb.). See “Elohim”.

 

Alkahest (Arab.). The universal solvent in Alchemy (see "Alchemy "); but in

mysticism, the Higher Self, the union with which makes of matter (lead), gold,

and restores all compound things such as the human body and its attributes to

their primæval essence.

 

Almadel;  the Book. A treatise on Theurgia or White Magic by an unknown mediæval

European author; it is not infrequently found in volumes of MSS. called Keys of

Solomon. [ w.w.w.]

 

Almeh (Arab.). Dancing girls; the same as the Indian nautchies, the temple and

public dancers.

 

Alpha Polaris (Lat.). The same as Dhruva, the pole-star of 31,105 years ago.

 

Alswider (Scand.). ‘‘ All-swift’’, the name of the horse of the moon, in the

Eddas.

 

Altruism (Lat.). From alter = other. A quality opposed to egoism. Actions

tending to do good to others, regardless of self.

 

Aize, Liber;  de Lapide Philosophico. An alchemic treatise by an unknown German

author; dated 1677. It is to be found reprinted in the Hermetic Museum; in it is

the well known design of a man with legs extended and his body hidden by a seven

pointed star. Eliphaz Lévi has copied it. [ w.w.w.]

 

Ama (Heb.)., Amia, (Chald.). Mother. A title of Sephira Binah, whose “divine

name is Jehovah” and who is called “Supernal Mother”.

 

Amânasa (Sk.). The “ Mindless”, the early races of this planet; also certain

Hindu gods.

 

Amara-Kosha (Sk.). The “immortal vocabulary”. The oldest dictionary known in the

world and the most perfect vocabulary of classical Sanskrit ; by Amara Sinha, a

sage of the second century.

 

Ambâ (Sk.). The name of the eldest of the seven Pleiades, the heavenly sisters

married each to a Rishi belonging to the Saptariksha or the seven Rishis of the

constellation known as the Great Bear.


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Ambhâmsi (Sk.). A name of the chief of the Kumâras Sanat-Sujâta, signifying the

“waters”. This epithet will become more comprehensible when we remember that the

later type of Sanat-Sujâta was Michael, the Archangel, who is called in the

Talmud “the Prince of Waters”, and in the Roman Catholic Church is regarded as

the patron of gulfs and promontories. Sanat-Sujâta is the immaculate son of the

immaculate mother (Ambâ or Aditi, chaos and space) or the “waters” of limitless

space.

(See Secret Doctrine-, Vol. I., p. 460.)

 

Amdo (Tib.). A sacred locality, the birthplace of Tson-kha-pa, the great Tibetan

reformer and the founder of the Gelukpa (yellow caps), who is regarded as an

Avatar of Amita-buddha.

 

Amên. In Hebrew is formed of the letters A M N = 1,40,50 =91,and is thus a

simile of “Jehovah Adonai”=10, 5, 6, 5 and 1,4, 50,10 =91 together; it is one

form of the Hebrew word for “truth”. In common parlance Amen is said to mean “so

be it”. [ w.w.w.]

But, in esoteric parlance Amen means “the concealed”. Manetho Sebennites says

the word signifies that which is hidden and we know through Hecatæus and others

that the Egyptians used the word to call upon their great God of Mystery, Ammon

(or “Ammas, the hidden god ”) to make himself conspicuous and manifest to them.

Bonomi, the famous hieroglyphist, calls his worshippers very pertinently the

“Amenoph”, and Mr. Bonwick quotes a writer who says: “Ammon, the hidden god,

will remain for ever hidden till anthropomorphically revealed; gods who are afar

off are useless”. Amen is styled “Lord of the new-moon festival”. Jehovah-Adonai

is a new form of the ram-headed god Amoun or Ammon (q.v.) who was invoked by the

Egyptian priests under the name of Amen.

 

Amenti (Eg.). Esoterically and literally, the dwelling of the God Amen, or

Amoun, or the “hidden”, secret god. Exoterically the kingdom of Osiris divided

into fourteen parts, each of which was set aside for some purpose connected with

the after state of the defunct. Among other things, in one of these was the Hall

of Judgment. It was the “Land of the West”, the “Secret Dwelling”, the dark

land, and the “doorless house”. But it was also Ker-noter, the “abode of the

gods”, and the “land of ghosts” like the “ Hades” of the Greeks (q.v.). It was

also the “Good Father’s House” (in which there are “many mansions”). The

fourteen divisions comprised, among many others, Aanroo (q.v.), the hall of the

Two Truths, the Land of Bliss, Neter-xev “the funeral (or burial) place”

Otamer-xev, the “Silence-loving Fields”, and also many other mystical halls and

dwellings, one like the Sheol of the Hebrews, another like the Devachan of the

Occultists, etc., etc. Out of the fifteen gates of the abode of Osiris, there

were two chief ones,


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the “gate of entrance” or Rustu, and the “gate of exit” (reincarnation) Amh. But

there was no room in Amenti to represent the orthodox Christian Hell. The worst

of all was the Hall of the eternal Sleep and Darkness. As Lepsius has it, the

defunct “sleep (therein) in incorruptible forms, they wake not to see their

brethren, they recognize no longer father and mother, their hearts feel nought

toward their wife and children. This is the dwelling of the god All-Dead. . . .

Each trembles to pray to him, for he hears not. Nobody can praise him, for he

regards not those who adore him. Neither does he notice any offering brought to

him.” This god is Karmic Decree; the land of Silence—the abode of those who die

absolute disbelievers, those dead from accident before their allotted time, and

finally the dead on the threshold of Avitchi, which is never in Amenti or any

other subjective state, save in one case, but on this land of forced re-birth.

These tarried not very long even in their state of heavy sleep, of oblivion and

darkness, but, were carried more or less speedily toward Amh the “exit gate”.

 

Amesha Spentas (Zend). Amshaspends. The six angels or divine Forces personified

as gods who attend upon Ahura Mazda, of which he is the synthesis and the

seventh. They are one of the prototypes of the Roman Catholic “Seven Spirits” or

Angels with Michael as chief, or the “Celestial Host”; the “ Seven Angels of the

Presence”. They are the Builders, Cosmocratores, of the Gnostics and identical

with the Seven Prajâpatis, the Sephiroth, etc. (q.v.).

 

Amitâbha. The Chinese perversion of the Sanskrit Amrita Buddha, or the “Immortal

Enlightened”, a name of Gautama Buddha. The name has such variations as Amita,

Abida, Amitâya, etc., and. is explained as meaning both “Boundless Age” and

“Boundless Light”. The original conception of the ideal of an impersonal divine

light has been anthrdpomorphized with time.

 

Ammon (Eg.). One of the great gods of Egypt. Ammon or Amoun is far older than

Amoun-Ra, and is identified with Baal. Hammon, the Lord of Heaven. Amoun-Ra was

Ra the Spiritual Sun, the “Sun of Righteousness”, etc., for—“the Lord God is a

Sun”. He is the God of Mystery and the hieroglyphics of his name are often

reversed. He is Pan, All-Nature esoterically, and therefore the universe, and

the “Lord of Eternity”. Ra, as declared by an old inscription, was “begotten by

Neith but not engendered”. He is called the “self- begotten” Ra,, and created

goodness from a glance of his fiery eye, as Set-Typhon created evil from his. As

Ammon (also Amoun and Amen), Ra, he is “Lord of the worlds enthroned on the

Sun’s disk and appears in the abyss of heaven”. A very ancient hymn spells the

name “Amen-ra”, and hails the “Lord of the thrones of the earth...Lord


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of Truth, father of the gods, maker of man, creator of the beasts, Lord of

Existence, Enlightener of the Earth, sailing in heaven in tranquillity. . . All

hearts are softened at beholding thee, sovereign of life, health and strength We

worship thy spirit who alone made us”, etc., etc. (See Bonwick’s Egyptian

Belief.) Ammon Ra is called “his mother’s husband” and her son. (See “Chnourmis”

and “Chnouphis” and also Secret Doctrine I, pp. 91 and It was to the

“ram-headed” god that the Jews sacrificed lambs, and the lamb of Christian

theology is a disguised reminiscence of the ram.

 

Ammonius Saccas. A great and good philosopher who lived in Alexandria between

the second and third centuries of our era, and who was the founder of the

Neo-Platonic School of Philaletheians or “lovers of truth”. He was of poor birth

and born of Christian parents, but endowed with such prominent, almost divine,

goodness as to he called Theodidaktos, the “god-taught”. He honoured that which

was good in Christianity, but broke with it and the churches very early, being

unable to find in it any superiority over the older religions.

 

Amrita (Sk.). The ambrosial drink or food of the gods; the food giving

immortality. The elixir of life churned out of the ocean of milk in the Purânic

allegory. An old Vedic term applied to the sacred Soma juice in the Temple

Mysteries.

 

Amûlam Mûlam (Sk.). Lit., the “rootless root” ; Mulâprakriti of the Vedantins

the spiritual “root of nature”.

 

Amun (Copt.). The Egyptian god of wisdom, who had only Initiates or Hierophants

to serve him as priests.

 

Anâ (Chald.). The “invisible heaven”or Astral Light ; the heavenly mother of the

terrestrial sea, Mar, whence probably the origin of Anna, the mother of Mary.

 

Anacalypsis (Gr.)., or an “Attempt to withdraw the veil of the Saitic Isis”, by

Godfrey Higgins. This is a very valuable work, now only obtainable at

extravagant prices; it treats of the origin of all myths, religions and

mysteries, and displays an immense fund of classical erudition. [ w.w.w.]

 

Anâgâmin (Sk.). Anagam. One who is no longer to be reborn into the world of

desire. One stage before becoming Arhat and ready for Nirvâna. The third of the

four grades of holiness on the way to final Initiation.

 

Anâhata Chakram (Sk.). The seat or “wheel” of life; the heart, according to some

commentators.

 

Anâhata Shabda (Sk.). The mystic voices and sounds heard by the Yogi at the

incipient stage of his meditation, The third of the four states


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of sound, otherwise called Madhyamâ—the fourth state being when it is

perceptible by the physical sense of hearing. The sound in its previous stages

is not heard except by those who have developed their internal, highest

spiritual senses. The four stages are called respectively, Parâ, Pashyantî,

Madhyamâ and Vaikharî.

 

Anaitia (Chald.). A derivation from Anâ (q.v.), a goddess identical with the

Hindu Annapurna, one of the names of Kâlî—the female aspect of Siva—at her best.

 

Analogeticists. The disciples of Ammonius Saccas (q.v.), so called because of

their practice of interpreting all sacred legends, myths and mysteries by a

principle of analogy and correspondence, which is now found in the Kabbalistic

system, and pre-eminently so in the Schools of Esoteric Philosophy, in the East.

(See “ The Twelve Signs of the Zodiac,” by T. Subba Row in Five Years of

Theosophy.)

 

 

Ânanda (Sk.). Bliss, joy, felicity, happiness. A name of the favourite disciple

of Gautama, the Lord Buddha.

 

Ânanda-Lahari (Sk.). “The wave of joy”; a beautiful poem written by

Sankarâchârya, a hymn to Pârvati, very mystical and occult.

 

Ânandamaya-Kosha (Sk.). “The illusive Sheath of Bliss”, i.e., the mâyâvic or

illusory form, the appearance of that which is formless. “Bliss”, or the higher

soul. The Vedantic name for one of the five Koshas or “principles” in man;

identical with our Âtmâ-Buddhi or the Spiritual Soul.

 

Ananga (Sk.). The “Bodiless”. An epithet of Kâma, god of love.

 

Ananta-Sesha (Sk.). The Serpent of Eternity—the couch of Vishnu during Pralaya

(lit., endless remain).

 

Anastasis (Gr.). The continued existence of the soul.

 

Anatu (Chald.). The female aspect of Anu (q.v.). She represents the Earth and

Depth, while her consort represents the Heaven and Height. She is the mother of

the god Hea, and produces heaven and earth. Astronomically she is Ishtar, Venus,

the Ashtoreth of the Jews.

 

Anaxagoras (Gr.) A famous Ionian philosopher who lived 500 B.C., studied

philosophy under Anaximenes of Miletus, and settled in the days of Pericles at

Athens. Socrates, Euripides, Archelaus and other distinguished men and

philosophers were among his disciples and pupils. He was a most learned

astronomer and was one of the first to explain openly that which was taught by

Pythagoras secretly, namely, the movements of the planets, the eclipses of the

sun and moon, etc. It was he who taught the theory of Chaos, on the principle

that “nothing comes from nothing”; and of atoms, as the underlying essence and

substance of all bodies, “of the same nature as the bodies which they formed”.


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These atoms, he taught, were primarily put in motion by Nous (Universal

Intelligence, the Mahat of the Hindus), which Nous is an immaterial, eternal,

spiritual entity; by this combination the world was formed, the material gross

bodies sinking down, and the ethereal atoms (or fiery ether) rising and

spreading in the upper celestial regions. Antedating modern science by over 2000

years, he taught that the stars were of the same material as our earth, and the

sun a glowing mass; that the moon was a dark, uninhabitable body, receiving its

light from the sun; the comets, wandering stars or bodies ; and over and above

the said science, he confessed himself thoroughly convinced that the real

existence of things, perceived by our senses, could not be demonstrably proved.

He died in exile at Lampsacus at the age of seventy-two.

 

Ancients, The. A name given by Occultists to the seven creative Rays, born of

Chaos, or the “Deep”.

 

Anda-Katâha (Sk.). The outer covering, or the “shell” of Brahmâ’s egg; the area

within which our manifested universe is encompassed.

 

Androgyne Goat (of Mendes). See “Baphomet”.

 

Androgyne Ray (Esot.). The first differentiated ray; the Second Logos; Adam

Kadmon in the Kabalah; the “male and female created he them”, of the first

chapter of Genesis.

 

Audumla (Scand.). The symbol of nature in the Norse mythology; the cow who licks

the salt rock, whence the divine Buri is born, before man’s creation.

 

Angâraka (Sk.). Fire Star; the planet Mars; in Tibetan, Mig-mar.

 

Augiras. One of the Prajâpatis. A son of Daksha ; a lawyer, etc., etc.

 

Angirasas (Sk.). The generic name of several Purânic individuals and things; a

class of Pitris, the ancestors of man ; a river in Plaksha, one of the Sapta

dwîpas (q.v).

 

Angra Mainyus (Zend.). The Zoroastrian name for Ahriman; the evil spirit of

destruction and opposition who (in the Vendidâd, Fargard I.) is said by Ahura

Mazda to “counter-create by his witchcraft” every beautiful land the God

creates; for “Angra Mainyu is all death”.

 

AnimaMundi (Lat.). The“Soul of the World”, the same as the Alaya of the Northern

Buddhists; the divine essence which permeates, animates and informs all, from

the smallest atom of matter to man and god. It is in a sense the “seven-skinned

mother” of the stanzas in the Secret Doctrine, the essence of seven planes of

sentience, consciousness and differentiation, moral and physical. In its highest

aspect it is Nirvâna, in its lowest Astral Light. It was feminine with the

Gnostics, the early Christians and the Nazarenes; bisexual with other sects, who

considered it only in its four lower planes. Of igneous, ethereal nature in the


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objective world of form (and then ether), and divine and spiritual in its three

higher planes. When it is said that every human soul was born by detaching

itself from the Anima Mundi, it means, esoterically, that our higher Egos are of

an essence identical with It, which is a radiation of the ever unknown Universal

ABSOLUTE.

 

Anjala (Sk.). One of the personified powers which spring from Brahmâ’s body—the

Prajâpatis.

 

Anjana (Sk.). A serpent, a son of Kasyapa Rishi.

 

Annamaya Kosha (Sk.). A Vedantic term. The same as Sthûla Sharîra or the

physical body. It is the first “sheath” of the five sheaths accepted by the

Vedantins, a sheath being the same as that which is called “principle” in

Theosophy.

 

Annapura (Sk.). See “Anâ”.

 

Annedotus (Gr.). The generic name for the Dragons or Men-Fishes, of which there

were five. The historian Berosus narrates that there rose out of the Erythræan

Sea on several occasions a semi-dæmon named Oannes or Annedotus, who although

part animal yet taught the Chaldeans useful arts and everything that could

humanise them. (See Lenormant Chaldean Magic, p. 203, and also “Oannes”.)

[w.w.w.]

 

Anoia (Gr.). “Want of understanding”, “folly”. Anoia is the name given by Plato

and others to the lower Manas when too closely allied with Kâma, which is

irrational (agnoia). The Greek word agnoia is evidently a derivation from and

cognate to the Sanskrit word ajnâna (phonetically, agnyana) or ignorance,

irrationality, absence of knowledge. (See “Agnoia” and “Agnostic”.)

 

Anouki (Eg.). A form of Isis; the goddess of life, from which name the Hebrew

Ank, life. (See “Anuki.”)

 

Ansumat (Sk.). A Purânic personage, the “nephew of 60,000 uncles” King Sagara’s

sons, who were reduced to ashes by a single glance from Kapila Rishi’s “Eye”.

 

Antahkarana (Sk.)., or Antaskarana. The term has various meanings, which differ

with every school of philosophy and sect. Thus Sankârachârya renders the word as

“understanding”; others, as “the internal instrument, the Soul, formed by the

thinking principle and egoism”; whereas the Occultists explain it as the path or

bridge between the Higher and the Lower Manas, the divine Ego, and the personal

Soul of man. It serves as a medium of communication between the two, and conveys

from the Lower to the Higher Ego all those personal impressions and thoughts of

men which can, by their nature, be assimilated and stored by the undying Entity,

and be thus made immortal with it, these being the only elements of the

evanescent Personality that survive death and time. It thus stands to reason

that


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only that which is noble, spiritual and divine in man can testify in Eternity to

his having lived.

 

Anthesteria (Gr.). The feast of Flowers (Floralia): during this festival the

rite of Baptism or purification was performed in the Eleusinian Mysteries in the

temple lakes, the Limnae, when the

Mystæ were made to pass through the “narrow gate” of Dionysus, to emerge

therefrom as full Initiates.

 

Anthropology. The Science of man; it embraces among other things :—Physiology,

or that branch of natural science which discloses the mysteries of the organs

and their functions in men, animals and plants; and also, and

especially,—Psychology or the great, and in our days, too much neglected science

of the soul, both as an entity distinct from the spirit, and in its relation to

the spirit and body. In modern science, psychology deals only or principally

with conditions of the nervous system, and almost absolutely ignores the

psychical essence and nature. Physicians denominate the science of insanity

psychology, and name the lunacy chair in medical colleges by that designation.

(Isis Unveiled.)

 

Anthropomorphism (Gr.). From “anthropos” meaning man. The act of endowing god or

gods with a human form and human attributes or qualities.

 

Anu (Sk.). An “atom”, a title of Brahmâ, who is said to be an atom just as is

the infinite universe. A hint at the pantheistic nature of the god.

 

Anu (Chald.). One of the highest of Babylonian deities, “King of Angels and

Spirits, Lord of the city of Erech”. He is the Ruler and God of Heaven and

Earth. His symbol is a star and a kind of Maltese cross—emblems of divinity and

sovereignty. He is an abstract divinity supposed to inform the whole expense of

ethereal space or heaven, while his “wife” informs the more material planes.

Both are the types of the Ouranos and Gaia of Hesiod. They sprang from the

original Chaos. All his titles and attributes are grapfiic and indicate health,

purity physical and moral, antiquity and holiness. Anu was the earliest god of

the city of Erech. One of his sons was Bil orVil-Kan, the god of fire, of

various metals, and of weapons. George Smith very pertinently sees in this deity

a close connection with a kind of cross breed between “the biblical Tubal Cain

and the classical Vulcan” . .who is considered to be moreover “the most potent

deity in relation to witchcraft and spells generally”.

 

Anubis (Gr.) The dog -headed god, identical, in a certain aspect, with Horus. He

is pre-eminently the god who deals with the disembodied, or the resurrected in

post mortem life. Anepou is his Egyptian


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name. He is a psychopompic deity, “the Lord of the Silent Land of the West, the

land of the Dead, the preparer of the way to the other world ”, to whom the dead

were entrusted, to be led by him to Osiris, the Judge. In short, he is the

“embalmer” and the “guardian of the dead”. One of the oldest deities in Egypt,

Mariette Bey having found the image of this deity in tombs of the Third Dynasty.

 

Anugîtâ (Sk.). One of the Upanishads. A very occult treatise. (See The sacred

Books of the East.)

 

Anugraha (Sk.). The eighth creation in the Vishnu Purâna.

 

Anuki (Eg.). “See Anouki” supra. “The word Ank in Hebrew, means ‘my life’, my

being, which is the personal pronoun Anocki, from the name of the Egyptian

goddess Anouki ”, says the author of the

Hebrew Mystery, or the Source of Measures.

 

Anumati (Sk.). The moon at the full; when from a god—Soma—she becomes a goddess.

 

Anumitis (Sk.). Inference, deduction in philosophy.

 

Anunnaki (Chald.). Angels or Spirits of the Earth; terrestrial Elementals also.

 

Anunit (Chald.) The goddess of Akkad ; Lucifer, the morning star. Venus as the

evening star

was Ishtar of Erech.

 

Anupâdaka (Sk.). Anupapâdaka, also Aupapâduka; means parentless”,

“self-existing”, born without any parents or progenitors. A term applied to

certain self-created gods, and the Dhyâni Buddhas.

 

Anuttara (Sk.). Unrivalled, peerless. Thus Anuttara Bodhi means unexcelled or

unrivalled intelligence”, Anuttara Dharma, unrivalled law or religion, &c.

 

Anyâmsam Aniyasâm (Sk.). A no-ranîyânsam (in Bhagavad gîtâ). Lit., “the most

atomic of the atomic; smallest of the small ”. Applied to the universal deity,

whose essence is everywhere.

 

Aour (Chald.). The synthesis of the two aspects of astro-etheric light; and the

od—the life-giving, and the ob—the death-giving light.

 

Apâm Napât (Zend). A mysterious being, corresponding to the Fohat of the

Occultists. It is both a Vedic and an Avestian name. Literally, the name means

the “Son of the Waters” (of space, i.e., Ether),

for in the Avesta Apâm Napât stands between the fire-yazatas and the

water-yazatas .

(See Secret Doctrine, Vol. II., p. 400, note).

 

Apâna (Sk.). “Inspirational breath”; a practice in Yoga. Prana and apâna are the

“expirational” and the “inspirational” breaths. It is called “vital wind” in

Anugîta.

 

Apap (Eg.), in Greek Apophis. The symbolical Serpent of Evil. The Solar Boat and

the Sun are the great Slayers of Apap in the Book of the


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Dead. It is Typhon, who having killed Osiris, incarnates in Apap, seeking to

kill Horus. Like Taoer (or

Ta-ap-oer) the female aspect of Typhon, Apap is called “the devourer of the

Souls”, and truly, since Apap symbolizes the animal body, as matter left

soulless and to itself. Osiris, being, like all the other Solar gods, a type of

the Higher Ego (Christos), Horus (his son) is the lower Manas or the personal

Ego. On many a monument one can see Horus, helped by a number of dog-headed gods

armed with crosses and spears, killing Apap. Says an Orientalist : “The God

Horus standing as conqueror upon the Serpent of Evil, may be considered as the

earliest form of our well-known group of St. George (who is Michael) and the

Dragon, or holiness trampling down sin.” Draconianism did not die with the

ancient religions, but has passed bodily into the latest Christian form of the

worship.

 

Aparinâmin (Sk.). The Immutable and the Unchangeable, the reverse of Parinâmin,

that which is subject to modification, differentiation or decay.

 

Aparoksha (Sk.) Direct perception.

 

Âpava (Sk.) Lit. “He who sports in the Water”. Another aspect of Nârâyana or

Vishnu and of Brahmâ combined, for Âpava, like the latter, divides himself into

two parts, male and female, and creates Vishnu, who creates Virâj, who creates

Manu. The name is explained and interpreted in various ways in Brahmanical

literature.

 

Apavarga (Sk.). Emancipation from repeated births.

 

Apis (Eg.), or Hapi-ankh. The “living deceased one” or Osiris incarnate in the

sacred white Bull. Apis was the bull-god that, on reaching the age of

twenty-eight, the age when Osiris was killed by Typhon—was put to death with

great ceremony. It was not the Bull that was worshipped but the Osiridian

symbol; just as Christians kneel now before the Lamb, the symbol of Jesus

Christ, in their churches.

 

Apocrypha (Gr.). Very erroneously explained and adopted as doubtful, or

spurious. The word means simply secret, esoteric, hidden.

 

Apollo Belvidere. Of all the ancient statues of Apollo, the son of Jupiter and

Latona, called Phœbus, Helios, the radiant and the Sun, the best and most

perfect is the one known by this name, which is in the Belvidere gallery of the

Vatican at Rome. It is called the Pythian Apollo, as the god is represented in

the moment of his victory over the serpent Python. The statue was found in the

ruins of Antium, in 1503.

 

Apollonius of Tyana (Gr.). A wonderful philosopher born in Cappadocia about the

beginning of the first century; an ardent Pythagorean, who studied the Phœnician

sciences under Euthydemus; and Pythagorean philosophy and other studies under

Euxenus of


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Heraclea. According to the tenets of this school he remained a vegetarian the

whole of his long life, fed only on fruit and herbs, drank no wine, wore

vestments made only of plant-fibres, walked barefooted, and let his hair grow to

its full length, as all the Initiates before and after him. He was initiated by

the priests of the temple of Æsculapius (Asciepios) at Ægae, and learnt many of

the “miracles” for healing the sick wrought by the god of medicine. Having

prepared himself for a higher initiation by a silence of five years, and by

travel, visiting Antioch, Ephesus, Pamphylia and other parts, he journeyed via

Babylon to India, all his intimate disciples having abandoned him, as they

feared to go to the “land of enchantments”. A casual disciple, Damis, however,

whom he met on his way, accompanied him in his travels. At Babylon he was

initiated by the Chaldees and Magi, according to Damis, whose narrative was

copied by one named Philostratus a hundred years later. After his return from

India, he showed himself a true Initiate, in that the pestilences and

earthquakes, deaths of kings and other events, which he prophesied duly

happened. At Lesbos, the priests of Orpheus, being jealous of him, refused to

initiate him into their peculiar mysteries, though they did so several years

later. He preached to the people of Athens and other cities the purest and

noblest ethics, and the phenomena he produced were as wonderful as they were

numerous and well attested. “How is it”, enquires Justin Martyr in dismay—” how

is it that the talismans (telesmata) of Apollonius have power, for they prevent,

as we see, the fury of the waves and the violence of the winds, and the attacks

of the wild beasts; and whilst our Lord’s miracles are preserved by tradition

alone, those of Apollonius are most numerous and actually manifested in present

facts?”

 . (Quaest, XXIV.). But an answer is easily found to this in the fact that after

crossing the Hindu Kush, Apollonius had been directed by a king to the abode of

the Sages, whose abode it may be to this day, by whom he was taught unsurpassed

knowledge. His dialogues with the Corinthian Menippus indeed give us the

esoteric catechism and disclose (when understood) many an important mystery of

nature. Apollonius was the friend, correspondent and guest of kings and queens,

and no marvellous or “magic” powers are better attested than his. At the end of

his long and wonderful life he opened an esoteric school at Ephesus, and died

aged almost one hundred years.

 

Aporrheta (Gr.). Secret instructions upon esoteric subjects given during the

Egyptian and Grecian Mysteries.

 

Apsaras (Sk.). An Undine or Water-Nymph, from the Paradise or Heaven of Indra.

The Apsarases

are in popular belief the “wives of the gods” and called Surânganâs, and by a

less honourable term, Sumad-âtmajâs or the “daughters of pleasure”, for it is

fabled of them


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that when they appeared at the churning of the Ocean neither Gods (Suras) nor

Demons (Asuras) would take them for legitimate wives. Urvasi and several others

of them are mentioned in the Vedas. In Occultism they are certain

“sleep-producing” aquatic plants, and inferior forces of nature.

 

Ar-Abu Nasr-al-Farabi, called in Latin Alpharabius, a Persian, and the greatest

Aristotelian philosopher of the age. He was born in 950 A.D., and is reported to

have been murdered in 1047. He was an Hermetic philosopher and possessed the

power of hypnotizing through music, making those who heard him play the lute

laugh, weep, dance and do what he liked. Some of his works on Hermetic

philosophy may be found in the Library of Leyden.

 

Arahat (Sk.). Also pronounced and written Arhat, Arhan, Rahat, &c., “the worthy

one”, lit., “deserving divine honours”. This was the name first given to the

Jain and subsequently to the Buddhist holy men initiated into the esoteric

mysteries. The Arhat is one who has entered the best and highest path, and is

thus emancipated from rebirth.

 

Arani (Sk.). The “female Arani” is a name of the Vedic Aditi (esoterically, the

womb of the world).

Arani is a Swastika, a disc-like wooden vehicle, in which the Brahmins generated

fire by friction with pramantha, a stick, the symbol of the male generator. A

mystic ceremony with a world of secret meaning in it and very sacred, perverted

into phallic significance by the materialism of the age.

 

Âranyaka (Sk.). Holy hermits, sages who dwelt in ancient India in forests. Also

a portion of the Vedas containing Upanishads, etc.

 

Araritha (Heb.). A very famous seven-lettered Kabbalistic wonder-word ; its

numeration is 813 ; its letters are collected by Notaricon from the sentence

“one principle of his unity, one beginning of his individuality, his change is

unity”. [ w.w.w.].

 

Arasa Maram (Sk.). The Hindu sacred tree of knowledge. In occult philosophy a

mystic word.

 

Arba-il (Chald.). The Four Great Gods. Arba is Aramaic for four, and il is the

same as Al or El. Three male deities, and a female who is virginal yet

reproductive, form a very common ideal of Godhead. [w.w.w.]

 

Archangel (Gr.). Highest supreme angel. From the Greek arch, “chief” or

“primordial”, and angelos,

“messenger ”.

 

Archæus (Gr.). “The Ancient.” Used of the oldest manifested deity; a term

employed in the Kabalah ;

“archaic ”, old, ancient.

 

Archobiosis (Gr.). Primeval beginning of life.


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Archetypal Universe (Kab.). The ideal universe upon which the objective world

was built. [w.w.w.]

 

Archons (Gr.). In profane and biblical language “rulers” and princes; in

Occultism, primordial planetary spirits.

 

Archontes (Gr.). The archangels after becoming Ferouers (q.v.) or their own

shadows, having mission on earth; a mystic ubiquity; implying a double life; a

kind of hypostatic action, one of purity in a higher region, the other of

terrestrial activity exercised on our plane.

(See Iamblichus, De Mysterüs II., Chap. 3.)

 

Ardath (Heb.). This word occurs in the Second Book of Esdras, ix., 26. The name

has been given to one of the recent “occult novels” where much interest is

excited by the visit of the hero to a field in the Holy Land so named; magical

properties are attributed to it. In the Book of Esdras the prophet is sent to

this field called Ardath “where no house is builded” and bidden “eat there only

the flowers of the field, taste no flesh, drink no wine, and pray unto the

highest continually, and then will I come and talk with thee”. [w.w.w.]

 

Ardha-Nârî (Sk.). Lit., “half-woman”. Siva represented as Androgynous, as half

male and half female, a type of male and female energies combined. (See occult

diagram in Isis Unveiled, Vol. II.)

 

Ardhanârîswara (Sk.). Lit., “the bi-sexual lord”. Esoterically, the unpolarized

states of cosmic energy symbolised by the Kabalistic Sephira, Adam Kadmon, &c.

 

Ares. The Greek name for Mars, god of war; also a term used by Paracelsus, the

differentiated Force in Cosmos.

 

Argha (Chald.). The ark, the womb of Nature; the crescent moon, and a

life-saving ship ; also a cup for offerings, a vessel used for religious

ceremonies.

 

Arghyanâth (Sk.). Lit., “lord of libations”.

 

Arian. A follower of Arius, a presbyter of the Church in Alexandria in the

fourth century. One who holds that Christ is a created and human being, inferior

to God the Father, though a grand and noble man, a true adept versed in all the

divine mysteries.

 

Aristobulus (Gr) An Alexandrian writer, and an obscure philosopher. A Jew who

tried to prove that Aristotle explained the esoteric thoughts of Moses.

 

Arithmomancy (Gr.). The science of correspondences between gods, men, and

numbers, as taught by Pythagoras. [w.w.w.]

 

Arjuna (Sk.) Lit., the “white”. The third of the five Brothers Pandu or the

reputed Sons of Indra (esoterically the same as Orpheus). A disciple of Krishna,

who visited him and married Su-bhadrâ, his


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sister, besides many other wives, according to the allegory. During the

fratricidal war between the Kauravas and the Pândavas, Krishna instructed him in

the highest philosophy, while serving as his charioteer. (See Bhaguvad Gîtâ.)

 

Ark of Isis. At the great Egyptian annual ceremony, which took place in the

month of Athyr, the boat of Isis was borne in procession by the priests, and

Collyrian cakes or buns, marked with the sign of the cross (Tat), were eaten.

This was in commemoration of the weeping of Isis for the loss of Osiris, the

Athyr festival being very impressive. “Plato refers to the melodies on the

occasion as being very ancient,” writes Mr. Bonwick (Eg. Belief and Mod.

Thought). “ The Miserere in Rome has been said to be similar to its melancholy

cadence, and to be derived from it Weeping, veiled virgins followed the ark. The

Nornes, or veiled virgins, wept also for the loss of our Saxon forefathers’ god,

the ill-fated but good Baldur.”

 

Ark of the Covenant. Every ark-shrine, whether with the Egyptians, Hindus,

Chaldeans or Mexicans, was a phallic shrine, the symbol of the yoni or womb of

nature. The seket of the Egyptians, the ark, or sacred chest, stood on the

ara—its pedestal. The ark of Osiris, with the sacred relics of the god, was “of

the same size as the Jewish ark”, says S. Sharpe, the Egyptologist, carried by

priests with staves passed through its rings in sacred procession, as the ark

round which danced David, the King of Israel. Mexican gods also had their arks.

Diana, Ceres, and other goddesses as well as gods had theirs. The ark was a

boat—a vehicle in every case. “Thebes had a sacred ark 300 cubits long,” and

“the word Thebes is said to mean ark in Hebrew,” which is but a natural

recognition of the place to which the chosen people are indebted for their ark.

Moreover, as Bauer writes, “the Cherub was not first used by Moses.” The winged

Isis was the cherub or Arieh in Egypt, centuries before the arrival there of

even Abram or Sarai. “The external likeness of some of the Egyptian arks,

surmounted by their two winged human figures, to the ark of the covenant, has

often been noticed.” (Bible Educator.) And not only the “external” but the

internal “likeness” and sameness are now known to all. The arks, whether of the

covenant, or of honest, straightforward, Pagan symbolism, had originally and now

have one and the same meaning. The chosen people appropriated the idea and

forgot to acknowledge its source. It is the same as in the case of the “Urim”

and “Thummin” (q.v.). In Egypt, as shown by many Egyptologists, the two objects

were the emblems of the Two Truths. “Two figures of Re and Thmei were worn on

the breast-plate of the Egyptian High Priest. Thmé, plural thmin, meant truth in

Hebrew. Wilkinson says the figure of


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Truth had closed eyes. Rosellini speaks of the Thmei being worn as a necklace.

Diodorus gives such a necklace of gold and stones to the High Priest when

delivering judgment. The Septuagint translates Thummin as Truth”. (Bonwick’s

Egyp. Belief.)

 

Arka (Sk.). The Sun.

 

Arkites. The ancient priests who were attached to the Ark, whether of Isis, or

the Hindu Argua, and who were seven in number, like the priests of the Egyptian

Tat or any other cruciform symbol of the three and the four, the combination of

 

which gives a male-female number. The Avgha (or ark) was the four-fold female

principle, and the flame burning over it the triple lingham.

 

Aroueris (Gr.). The god Harsiesi, who was the elder Horus. He had a temple at

Ambos. if we bear in mind the definition of the chief Egyptian gods by Plutarch,

these myths will become more comprehensible; as he well says: “Osiris represents

the beginning and principle; Isis, that which receives; and Horus, the compound

of both. Horus engendered between them, is not eternal nor incorruptible, but,

being always in generation, he endeavours by vicissitudes of imitations, and by

periodical passion (yearly re-awakening to life) to continue always young, as if

he should never die.” Thus, since Horus is the personified physical world,

Aroueris, or the “elder Horus”, is the ideal Universe; and this accounts for the

saying that “he was begotten by Osiris and Isis when these were still in the

bosom of their mother”—Space. There is indeed, a good deal of mystery about this

god, but the meaning of the symbol becomes clear once one has the key to it.

 

Artephius.—A great Hermetic philosopher, whose true name was never known and

whose works are without dates, though it is known that he wrote his Secret Book

in the XIIth century. Legend has it that he was one thousand years old at that

time. There is a book on dreams by him in the possession of an Alchemist, now in

Bagdad, in which he gives out the secret of seeing the past, the present, and

the future, in sleep, and of remembering the things seen. There are but two

copies of this manuscript extant. The book on Dreams by the Jew Solomon Almulus,

published in Hebrew at Amsterdam in 1642, has a few reminiscences from the

former work of Artephius.

 

 

Artes (Eg.). The Earth; the Egyptian god Mars.

 

Artufas. A generic name in South America and the islands for temples of nagalism

or serpent worship.

 

Arundhatî (Sk.). The “Morning Star”; Lucifer-Venus.

 

Arûpa (Sk.). “Bodiless”, formless, as opposed to rûpa, “body”, or form.


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Arvâksrotas (Sk.). The seventh creation, that of man, in the Vishnu Purâna.

 

Arwaker (Scand.). Lit., “early waker”. The horse of the chariot of the Sun

driven by the maiden Sol, in the Eddas.

 

Ârya (Sk.) Lit., “the holy”; originally the title of Rishis, those who had

mastered the “Âryasatyâni” (q.v.) and entered the Âryanimârga path to Nirvâna or

Moksha, the great “four-fold” path. But now the name has become the epithet of a

race, and our Orientalists, depriving the Hindu Brahmans of their birth-right,

have made Aryans of all Europeans. In esotericism, as the four paths, or stages,

can be entered only owing to great spiritual development and “growth in holiness

”, they are called the “four fruits”. The degrees of Arhatship, called

respectively Srotâpatti, Sakridâgamin, Anâgâmin, and Arhat, or the four classes

of Âryas, correspond to these four paths and truths.

 

Ârya-Bhata (Sk.) The earliest Hindu algerbraist and astronomer, with the

exception of Asura Maya (q.v.); the author of a work called Ârya Siddhânta, a

system of Astronomy.

 

Ârya-Dâsa (Sk.) Lit., “Holy Teacher”. A great sage and Arhat of the Mahâsamghika

school.

 

Aryahata (Sk.) The “Path of Arhatship”, or of holiness.

 

Âryasangha (Sk.) The Founder of the first Yogâchârya School. This Arhat, a

direct disciple of Gautama, the Buddha, is most unaccountably mixed up and

confounded with a personage of the same name, who is said to have lived in

Ayôdhya (Oude) about the fifth or sixth century of our era, and taught Tântrika

worship in addition to the Yogâchârya system. Those who sought to make it

popular, claimed that he was the same Âryasangha, that had been a follower of

Sâkyamuni, and that he was 1,000 years old. Internal evidence alone is

sufficient to show that the works written by him and translated about the year

600 of our era, works full of Tantra worship, ritualism, and tenets followed now

considerably by the “red-cap” sects in Sikhim, Bhutan, and Little Tibet, cannot

be the same as the lofty system of the early Yogâcharya school of pure Buddhism,

which is neither northern nor southern, but absolutely esoteric. Though none of

the genunine Yogâchârya books (the Narjol chodpa) have ever been made public or

marketable, yet one finds in the Yogâchârya Bhûmi Shâstra of the

pseudo-Âryasangha a great deal from the older system, into the tenets of which

he may have been initiated. It is, however, so mixed up with Sivaism and

Tantrika magic and superstitions, that the work defeats its own end,

notwithstanding its remarkable dialectical subtilty. How unreliable are the

conclusions at which our Orientalists arrive, and how contradictory the dates

assigned by them, may be seen in the case in hand. While Csoma de Körös (who,

by-the-bye, never


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became acquainted with the Gelukpa (yellow-caps), but got all his information

from “red-cap” lamas of the Borderland), places the pseudo-Âryasangha in the

seventh century of our era; Wassiljew, who passed most of his life in China,

proves him to have lived much earlier; and Wilson (see Roy. As. Soc., Vol. VI.,

p. 240), speaking of the period when Âryasangha’s works, which are still extant

in Sanskrit, were written, believes it now “established, that they have been

written at the latest, from a century and a half before, to as much after, the

era of Christianity”. At all events since it is beyond dispute that the Mahâyana

religious works were all written far before Âryasangha’s time—whether he lived

in the “second century B.C.”, or the “seventh .A.D.”—and that these contain all

and far more of the fundamental tenets of the Yogâchârya system, so disfigured

by the Ayôdhyan imitator—the inference is that there must exist somewhere a

genuine rendering free from popular Sivaism and left-hand magic.

 

Aryasatyâni (Sk.). The four truths or the four dogmas, which are (1) Dukha, or

that misery and pain are the unavoidable concomitants of sentient (esoterically,

physical) existence; (2) Samudaya, the truism that suffering is intensified by

human passions; (3) Nirôdha, that the crushing out and extinction of all such

feelings are possible for a man “on the path”; (4) Mârga, the narrow way, or

that path which leads to such a blessed result.

 

Aryavarta (Sk.). The “land of the Aryas”, or India. The ancient name for

Northern India. The Brahmanical invaders (“ from the Oxus” say the Orientalists)

first settled. It is erroneous to give this name to the whole,of India, since

Manu gives the name of “the land of the Aryas” only to “the tract between the

Himalaya and the Vindhya ranges, from the eastern to the western sea”.

 

Asakrit Samâdhi (Sk.). A certain degree of ecstatic contemplation. A stage in

Samâdhi.

 

Âsana (Sk.). The third stage of Hatha Yoga, one of the prescribed postures of

meditation.

 

Asat (Sk.). A philosophical term meaning “non-being”, or rather non-be-ness. The

“incomprehensible nothingness”. Sat, the immutable, eternal, ever-present, and

the one real “Be-ness” (not Being) is spoken of as being “ Born of Asat, and

Asat begotten by Sat”. The unreal, or Prakriti, objective nature regarded as an

illusion. Nature, or the illusive shadow of its one true essence.

 

Asathor (Scand.). The same as Thor. The god of storms and thunder, a hero who

receives Miölnir, the “storm-hammer”, from its fabricators, the dwarfs. With it

he conquer Alwin in a “battle of


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words” breaks the head of the giant Hrungir, chastises Loki for his magic;

destroys the whole race of giants in Thrymheim; and, as a good and benevolent

god, sets up therewith land-marks, sanctifies marriage bonds, blesses law and

order, and produces every good and terrific feat with its help. A god in the

Eddas, who is almost as great as Odin. (See “Miölnir” and “Thor’s Hammer”.)

 

Asava Samkhaya (Pali). The “finality of the stream”, one of the six “Abhijnâs”

(q.v.). A phenomenal knowledge of the finality of the stream of life and the

series of re-births.

 

Asburj. One of the legendary peaks in the Teneriffe range. A great mountain in

the traditions of Iran which corresponds in its allegorical meaning to the

World-mountain, Meru. Asburj is that mount “at the foot of which the sun sets”.

 

Asch Metzareph (Heb.). The Cleansing Fire, a Kabbalistic treatise, treating of

Alchemy and the relation between the metals and the planets. [w.w.w]

 

Ases (Scand.). The creators of the Dwarfs and Elves, the Elementals below men,

in the Norse lays. They are the progeny of Odin; the same as the Æsir.

 

Asgard (Scand.). The kingdom and the habitat of the Norse gods, the Scandinavian

Olympus ; situated “higher than the Home of the Light-Elves”, but on the same

plane as Jotunheim, the home of the Jotuns, the wicked giants versed in magic,

with whom the gods are at eternal war. It is evident that the gods of Asgard are

the same as the Indian Suras (gods) and the Jotuns as the Asuras, both

representing the conflicting powers of nature—beneficent and maleficent. They

are the prototypes also of the Greek gods and the Titans.

 

Ash (Heb.). Fire, whether physical or symbolical fire; also found written in

English as As, Aish and Esch.

 

Ashen and Langhan (Kolarian). Certain ceremonies for casting out evil spirits,

akin to those of exorcism with the Christians, in use with the Kolarian tribes

in India.

 

Asherah (Heb.). A word, which occurs in the Old Testament, and is commonly

translated “groves” referring to idolatrous worship, but it is probable that it

really referred to ceremonies of sexual depravity; it is a feminine noun.

[w.w.w.]

 

Ashmog (Zend). The Dragon or Serpent, a monster with a camel’s neck in the

Avesta; a kind of allegorical Satan, who after the Fall, “lost its nature and

its name”. Called in the old Hebrew (Kabbalistic) texts the “flying camel”;

evidently a reminiscence or tradition in both cases of the prehistoric or

antediluvian monsters, half bird, half reptile,


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Ashtadisa (Sk.). The eight-faced space. An imaginary division of space

represented as an octagon and at other times as a dodecahedron.

 

Ashta Siddhis (Sk.). The eight consummations in the practice of Hatha Yoga.

 

Ashtar Vidyâ (Sk.). The most ancient of the Hindu works on Magic. Though there

is a claim that the entire work is in the hands of some Occultists, yet the

Orientalists deem it lost. A very few fragments of it are now extant, and even

these are very much disfigured.

 

Ash Yggdrasil (Scand.). The “Mundane Tree”, the Symbol of the World with the old

Norsemen, the “tree of the universe, of time and of life”. It is ever green, for

the Norns of Fate sprinkle It daily with the water of life from the fountain of

Urd, which flows in Midgard. The dragon Nidhogg gnaws its roots incessantly, the

dragon of Evil and Sin; but the Ash Yggdrasil cannot wither, until the Last

Battle (the Seventh Race in the Seventh Round) is fought, when life, time, and

the world will all vanish and disappear.

 

Asiras (Sk.). Elementals without heads; lit., “headless” ; used also of the

first two human races.

 

Asita (Sk.). A proper name; a son of Bharata; a Rishi and a Sage.

 

Ask (Scand.) or Ash tree. The “tree of Knowledge”. Together with the Embla

(alder) the Ask was the tree from which the gods of Asgard created the first

man.

 

Aski-kataski-haix-tetrax-damnameneus-aision. These mystic words, which

Athanasius Kircher tells us meant “ Darkness, Light, Earth, Sun, and Truth”,

were, says Hesychius, engraved upon the zone or belt of the Diana of Ephesus.

Plutarch says that the priests used to recite these words over persons who were

possessed by devils. [w.w.w.]

 

Asmodeus. The Persian Aêshma-dev, the Esham-dev of the Parsis, “the evil Spirit

of Concupiscence”, according to Bréal, whom the Jews appropriated under the name

of Ashmedai, “the Destroyer ”, the Talmud identifying the creature with

Beelzebub and Azrael (Angel of Death), and calling him the “ King of the Devils

”.

 

Asmoneans. Priest-kings of Israel whose dynasty reigned over the Jews for 126

years. They promulgated the Canon of the Mosaic Testament in contradistinction

to the “Apocrypha” (q.v.) or Secret Books of the Alexandrian Jews, the

Kabbalists, and maintained the dead-letter meaning of the former. Till the time

of John Hyrcanus, they were Ascedeans (Chasidim) and Pharisees; but later they

became Sadducees or Zadokites, asserters of Sacerdotal rule as

contradistinguished from Rabbinical.

 

Asoka (Sk.). A celebrated Indian king of the Môrya dynasty which

 
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reigned at Magadha. There were two Asokas in reality, according to the

chronicles of Northern Buddhism, though the first Asoka—the grand father of the

second, named by Prof. Max Muller the “Constantine of India”, was better known

by his name of Chandragupta. It is the former who was called, Piadasi (Pali)

“the beautiful”, and Devânam-piya “the beloved of the gods”, and also Kâlâsoka;

while the name of his grandson was Dharmâsôká—the Asoka of the good law-—on

account of his devotion to Buddhism. Moreover, according to the same source, the

second Asoka had never followed the Brahmanical faith, but was a Buddhist born.

It was his grandsire who had been first converted to the new faith, after which

he had a number of edicts inscribed on pillars and rocks, a custom followed also

by his grandson. But it was the second Asoka who was the most zealous supporter

of Buddhism; he, who maintained in his palace from 60 to 70,000 monks and

priests, who erected 84,000 totes and stupas throughout India, reigned 36 years,

and sent missions to Ceylon, and throughout the world. The inscriptions of

various edicts published by him display most noble ethical sentiments,

especially the edict at Allahahad, on the so-called “Asoka’s column ”, in the

Fort. The sentiments are lofty and poetical, breathing tenderness for animals as

well as men, and a lofty view of a king’s mission with regard to his people,

that might be followed with great success in the present age of cruel wars and

barbarous vivisection.

 

Asomatous (Gr.). Lit., without a material body, incorporeal; used of celestial

Beings and Angels.

 

Asrama (Sk.). A sacred building, a monastery or hermitage for ascetic purposes.

Every sect in India has its Ashrams.

 

Assassins. A masonic and mystic order founded by Hassan Sabah in Persia, in the

eleventh century. The word is a European perversion of “Hassan”, which forms the

chief part of the name. They were simply Sufis and addicted, according to the

tradition, to hascheesl-eating, in order to bring about celestial visions. As

shown by our late brother, Kenneth Mackenzie, “they were teachers of the secret

doctrines of Islamism; they encouraged mathematics and philosophy, and produced

many valuable works. The chief of the Order was called Sheik-el-Jebel,

translated the ‘Old Man of the Mountains’, and, as their Grand Master, he

possessed power of life and death.’

 

Assorus (Chald.). The third group of progeny (Kissan and Assorus) from the

Babylonian Duad, Tauthe and Apason, according to the Theogonies of Damascius.

From this last emanated three others, of which series the last, Aus, begat

Belus—“the fabricator of the World, the Demiurgus”.

 
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Assur (Chald.). A city in Assyria ; the ancient seat of a library from which

George Smith excavated the earliest known tablets, to which he assigns a date

about 1500 B.C., called Assur Kileh Shergat.

 

Assurbanipal (Chald.). The Sardanapalus of the Greeks, “the greatest of the

Assyrian Sovereigns, far more memorable on account of his magnificent patronage

of learning than of the greatness of his empire”, writes the late G. Smith, and

adds: “Assurbanipal added more to the Assyrian royal library than all the kings

who had gone before him”. As the distinguished Assyriologist tells us in another

place of his “Babylonian and Assyrian Literature” (Chald. Account of Genesis)

that “the majority of the texts preserved belong to the earlier period previous

to B.C. 1600”, and yet asserts that “it is to tablets written in his

(Assurbanipal’s) reign (B.C. 673) that we owe almost all our knowledge of the

Babylonian early history”, one is well justified in asking, “How do you know?”

 

Assyrian Holy Scriptures. Orientalists show seven such books: the Books of

Mamit, of Worship, of Interpretations, of Going to Hades; two Prayer Books

(Kanmagarri and Kanmikri: Talbot)

and the Kantolite, the lost Assyrian Psalter.

 

Assyrian Tree of Life. “Asherah” (q.v.). It is translated in the Bible by “grove

” and occurs 30 times. It is called an “idol”; and Maachah, the grandmother of

Asa, King of Jerusalem, is accused of having made for herself such an idol,

which was a lingham. For centuries this was a religious rite in Judæa. But the

original Asherah was a pillar with seven branches on each side surmounted by a

globular flower with three projecting rays, and no phallic stone, as the Jews

made of it, but a metaphysical symbol. “Merciful One, who dead to life raises!

was the prayer uttered before the Asherah, on the banks of the Euphrates. The

“Merciful One”, was neither the personal god of the Jews who brought the “grove”

from their captivity, nor any extra- cosmic god, but the higher triad in man

symbolized by the globular flower with its three rays.

 

Asta-dasha (Sk.). Perfect, Supreme Wisdom; a title of Deity.

 

Aster’t (Heb.). Astarte, the Syrian goddess the consort of Adon, or Adonai.

 

Astræa (Gr.). The ancient goddess of justice, whom the wickedness of men drove

away from earth to heaven, wherein she now dwells as the constellation Virgo.

 

Astral Body, or Astral “Double”. The ethereal counterpart or shadow of man or

animal. The Linga Sharira, the “Doppelgäinger”. The reader must not confuse it

with the ASTRAL SOUL, another name for the lower Manas, or Kama-Manas so-called,

the reflection of the HIGHER EGO.


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Astral Light (Occult) The invisible region that surrounds our globe, as it does

every other, and corresponding as the second Principle of Kosmos (the third

being Life, of which it is the vehicle) to the Linga Sharira or the Astral

Double in man. A subtle Essence visible only to a clairvoyant eye, and the

lowest but one (viz., the earth), of the Seven Akâsic or Kosmic Principles.

Eliphas Levi calls it the great Serpent and the Dragon from which radiates on

Humanity every evil influence. This is so; but why not add that the Astral Light

gives out nothing but what it has received; that it is the great terrestrial

crucible, in which the vile emanations of the earth (moral and physical) upon

which the Astral Light is fed, are all converted into their subtlest essence,

and radiated back intensified, thus becoming epidemics— moral, psychic and

physical. Finally, the Astral Light is the same as the Sidereal Light of

Paracelsus and other Hermetic philosophers. “Physically, it is the ether of

modern science. Metaphysically, and in its spiritual, or occult sense, ether is

a great deal more than is often imagined. In occult physics, and alchemy, it is

well demonstrated to enclose within its shoreless waves not only Mr. Tyndall’s

‘promise and potency of every quality of life’, but also the realization of the

potency of every quality of spirit. Alchemists and Hermetists believe that their

astral, or sidereal ether, besides the above properties of sulphur, and white

and red magnesia, or magnes, is the anima mundi, the workshop of Nature and of

all the Kosmos, spiritually, as well as physically. The ‘grand magisterium’

asserts itself in the phenomenon of mesmerism, in the ‘levitation’ of human and

inert objects; and may be called the ether from its spiritual aspect. The

designation astral is ancient, and was used by some of the Neo-platonists,

although it is claimed by some that the word was coined by the Martinists.

Porphyry describes the celestial body which is always joined with the soul as

‘immortal, luminous, and star-like’. The root of this word may be found,

perhaps, in the Scythic Aist-aer—which means star, or the Assyrian Istar, which,

according to Burnouf has the same sense.” (Isis Unveiled.)

 

 Astrolatry (Gr.). Worship of the Stars.

 

Astrology (Gr.) The Science which defines the action of celestial bodies upon

mundane affairs, and claims to foretell future events from the position of the

stars. Its antiquity is such as to place it among the very earliest records of

human learning. It remained for long ages a secret science in the East, and its

final expression remains so to this day, its exoteric application having been

brought to any degree of perfection in the West only during the period of time

since Varaha Muhira wrote his book on Astrology some 1400 years ago. Claudius

Ptolemy, the famous geographer and mathematician, wrote his treatise Tetrabiblos

 


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about 135 A.D., which is still the basis of modern astrology. The science of

Horoscopy is studied now chiefly under four heads: viz., (1) Mundane, in its

application to meteorology, seismology, husbandry, etc. (2) State or civic, in

regard to the fate of nations, kings and rulers. (3) Horary, in reference to the

solving of doubts arising in the mind upon any subject. (4) Genethliacal, in its

application to the fate of individuals from the moment of their birth to their

death. The Egyptians and the Chaldees were among the most ancient votaries of

Astrology, though their modes of reading the stars and the modern practices

differ considerably. The former claimed that Belus, the Bel or Elu of the

Chaldees, a scion of the divine Dynasty, or the Dynasty of the king-gods, had

belonged to the land of Chemi, and had left it, to found a colony from Egypt on

the banks of the Euphrates, where a temple ministered by priests in the service

of the “lords of the stars” was built, the said priests adopting the name of

Chaldees. Two things are known: (a) that Thebes (in Egypt) claimed the honour of

the invention of Astrology; and (b) that it was the Chaldees who taught that

science to the other nations. Now Thebes antedated considerably not only “Ur of

the Chaldees”, but also Nipur, where Bel was first worshipped—Sin, his son (the

moon), being the presiding deity of Ur, the land of the nativity of Terah, the

Sabean and Astrolatrer, and of Abram, his son, the great Astrologer of biblical

tradition. All tends, therefore, to corroborate the Egyptian claim. If later on

the name of Astrologer fell into disrepute in Rome and elsewhere, it was owing

to the fraud of those who wanted to make money by means of that which was part

and parcel of the sacred Science of the Mysteries, and, ignorant of the latter,

evolved a system based entirely upon mathematics, instead of on transcendental

metaphysics and having the physical celestial bodies as its upadhi or material

basis. Yet, all persecutions notwithstanding, the number of the adherents of

Astrology among the most intellectual and scientific minds was always very

great. If Cardan and Kepler were among its ardent supporters, then its later

votaries have nothing to blush for, even in its now imperfect and distorted

form. As said in Isis Unveiled (1. 259): “Astrology is to exact astronomy what

psychology is to exact physiology. In astrology and psychology one has to step

beyond the visible world of matter, and enter into the domain of transcendent

spirit.” (See “ Astronomos.”)

 

Astronomos (Gr.). The title given to the Initiate in the Seventh Degree of the

reception of the Mysteries. In days of old, Astronomy was synonymous with

Astrology; and the great Astrological Initiation took place in Egypt at Thebes,

where the priests perfected, if they did not wholly invent the science. Having

passed through the degrees


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of Pastophoros, Neocoros, Melanophoros, Kistophoros, and Balahala (the degree of

Chemistry of the Stars), the neophyte was taught the mystic signs of the Zodiac,

in a circle dance representing the course of the planets (the dance of Krishna

and the Gopis, celebrated to this day in Rajputana); after which he received a

cross, the Tau (or Tat), becoming an Astronomos and a Healer. (See Isis

Unveiled. Vol. II. 365). Astronomy and Chemistry were inseparable in these

studies. “Hippocrates had so lively a faith in the influence of the stars on

animated beings, and on their diseases, that he expressly recommends not to

trust to physicians who are ignorant of astronomy.’ (Arago.) Unfortunately the

key to the final door of Astrology or Astronomy is lost by the modern

Astrologer; and without it, how can he ever be able to answer the pertinent

remark made by the author of Mazzaroth, who writes: “people are said to be born

under one sign, while in reality they are born under another, because the sun is

now seen among different stars at the equinox ”? Nevertheless, even the few

truths he does know brought to his science such eminent and scientific believers

as Sir Isaac Newton, Bishops Jeremy and Hall, Archbishop Usher, Dryden,

Flamstead, Ashmole, John Milton, Steele, and a host of noted Rosicrucians.

 

Asura Mazda (Sk.). In the Zend, Ahura Mazda. The same as Ormuzd or Mazdeô; the

god of Zoroaster and the Parsis.

 

Asuramaya (Sk.) Known also as Mayâsura. An Atlantean astronomer, considered as a

great magician and sorcerer, well-known in Sanskrit works.

 

Asuras (Sk.). Exoterically, elementals and evil, gods—considered maleficent;

demons, and no gods. But esoterically—the reverse. For in the most ancient

portions of the Rig Veda, the term is used for the Supreme Spirit, and therefore

the Asuras are spiritual and divine It is only in the last book of the

 

Rig Veda, its latest part, and in the Atharva Veda, and the Brâhmanas, that the

epithet, which had been given to Agni, the greatest Vedic Deity, to Indra and

Varuna, has come to signify the reverse of gods. Asu means breath, and it is

with his breath that Prajâpati (Brahmâ) creates the Asuras. When ritualism and

dogma got the better of the Wisdom religion, the initial letter a was adopted as

a negative prefix, and the term ended by signifying “not a god”, and Sura only a

deity. But in the Vedas the Suras have ever been connected with Surya, the sun,

and regarded as inferior deities, devas.

 

Aswamedha (Sk.) The Horse-sacrifice; an ancient Brahmanical ceremony.

 

Aswattha (Sk.) The Bo-tree, the tree of knowledge, ficus religiosa.

 
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Aswins (Sk.), or Aswinau, dual ; or again, Aswinî-Kumârau, are the most

mysterious and occult deities of all; who have “puzzled the oldest

commentators”. Literally, they are the “Horsemen”, the “divine charioteers”, as

they ride in a golden car drawn by horses or birds or animals, and “are

possessed of many forms”. They are two Vedic deities, the twin sons of the sun

and the sky, which becomes the nymph Aswini. In mythological symbolism they are

“the bright harbingers of Ushas, the dawn”, who are “ever young and handsome,

bright, agile, swift as falcons”, who “prepare the way for the brilliant dawn to

those who have patiently awaited through the night”. They are also called time

“physicians of Swarga” (or Devachan), inasmuch as they heal every pain and

suffering, and cure all diseases. Astronomically, they are asterisms. They were

enthusiastically worshipped, as their epithets show. They are the “Ocean-born”

(i.e., space born) or Abdhijau, “crowned with lotuses” or Pushhara-srajam, etc.,

etc. Yâska, the commentator in the Nirukta, thinks that “the Aswins represent

the transition from darkness to light ”—cosmically, and we may add,

metaphysically, also. But Muir and Goldstücker are inclined to see in them

ancient “horsemen of great renown”, because, forsooth, of the legend “that the

gods refused the Aswins admittance to a sacrifice on the ground that they had

been on too familiar terms with men”. Just so, because as explained by the same

Yâska “they are identified with heaven and earth”, only for quite a different

reason. Truly they are like the Ribhus, “originally renowned mortals (but also

non-renowned occasionally) who in the course of time are translated into the

companionship of gods”; and they show a negative character, “the result of the-

alliance of light with darkness”, simply because these twins are, in the

esoteric philosophy, the Kumâra-Egos, the reincarnating “Principles” in this

Manvantara.

 

Atala (Sk). One of the regions in the Hindu lokas, and one of the seven

mountains; but esoterically Atala is on an astral plane, and was, once on a

time, a real island upon this earth.

 

Atalanta Fugiens (Lat.). A famous treatise by the eminent Rosicrucian Michael

Maier; it has many beautiful engravings of Alchemic symbolism: here is to be

found the original of the picture of a man and woman within a circle, a triangle

around it, then a square: the inscription is, “From the first ens proceed two

contraries, thence come the three principles, and from them the four elementary

states ; if you separate the pure from the impure you will have the stone of the

Philosophers”. [ w.w.w.]

 

Atarpi (Chald.), or Atarpi-nisi, the “man”. A personage who was “pious to the

gods”; and who prayed the god Hea to remove the evil

 
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of drought and other things before the Deluge is sent. The story is found on one

of the most ancient Babylonian tablets, and relates to the sin of the world. In

the words of G. Smith “the god Elu or Bel calls together an assembly of the

gods, his sons, and relates to them that he is angry at the sin of the world”;

and in the fragmentary phrases of the tablet: “ . . . . I made them . . . .

Their wickedness I am angry at, their punishment shall not be small . . . . let

food be exhausted, above let Vul drink up his rain”, etc., etc. In answer to

Atarpi’s prayer the god Hea announces his resolve to destroy the people he

created, which he does finally by a deluge.

 

Atash Behram (Zend). The sacred fire of the Parsis, preserved perpetually in

their fire-temples.

 

Atef (Eg.), or Crown of Horus. It consisted of a tall white cap with ram’s

horns, and the urœus in front. Its two feathers represent the two truths—life

and death.

 

Athamaz (Heb.). The same as Adonis with the Greeks, the Jews having borrowed all

their gods.

 

Athanor (Occult.) The “astral” fluid of the Alchemists, their Archimedean lever;

exoterically, the furnace of the Alchemist.

 

Atharva Veda (Sk.) The fourth Veda; lit., magic incantation containing

aphorisms, incantations and magic formula One of the most ancient and revered

Books of the Brahmans.

 

Athenagoras (Gr.) A Platonic philosopher of Athens, who wrote a Greek Apology

for the Christians in A.D. 177, addressed to the Emperor Marcus Aurelius, to

prove that the accusations brought against them, namely that they were

incestuous and ate murdered children, were untrue.

 

Athor (Eg.) “Mother Night.” Primeval Chaos, in the Egyptian cosmogony. The

goddess of night.

 

Atîvahikâs (Sk.) With the Visishtadwaitees, these are the Pitris, or Devas, who

help the disembodied soul or Jiva in its transit from its dead body to

Paramapadha.

 

Atlantidæ (Gr.) The ancestors of the Pharaohs and the forefathers of the

Egyptians, according to some, and as the Esoteric Science teaches. (See S.D.,

Vol. II., and Esoteric Buddhism.) Plato heard of this highly civilized people,

the last remnant of which was submerged 9,000 years before his day, from Solon,

who had it from the High Priests of Egypt. Voltaire, the eternal scoffer, was

right in stating that “the Atlantidæ (our fourth Root Race) made their

appearance in Egypt It was in Syria and in Phrygia, as well as Egypt, that they

established the worship of the Sun.” Occult philosophy teaches that the

Egyptians were a remnant of the last Aryan Atlantidæ.


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Atlantis (Gr.) The continent that was submerged in the Atlantic and the Pacific

Oceans according to the secret teachings and Plato.

 

Atmâ (or Atman) (Sk.). The Universal Spirit, the divine Monad, the 7th

Principle, so-called, in the septenary constitution of man. The Supreme Soul.

 

Atma-bhu (Sk.). Soul-existence, or existing as soul. (See “Alaya”.)

 

Atmabodha (Sk.). Lit., “Self-knowledge”; the title of a Vedantic treatise by

Sankârachârya.

 

Atma-jnâni (Sk.) The Knower of the World-Soul, or Soul in general.

 

Atma-matrasu (Sk.) To enter into the elements of the “One-Self”. (See S. D.

I.,334 Atmamâtra is the spiritual atom, as contrasted with, and opposed to, the

elementary differentiated atom or molecule.

 

Atma Vidyâ (Sk.). The highest form of spiritual knowledge; lit.,

“Soul-knowledge”.

 

Atri, Sons of (Sk.). A class of Pitris, the “ancestors of man”, or the so-called

Prâjapâti, “progenitors”; one of the seven Rishis who form the constellation of

the Great Bear.

 

Attavada (Pali). The sin of personality.

 

Atyantika (Sk.) One of the four kinds of pralaya or dissolution. The “absolute”

pralaya.

 

Atziluth (Heb.) The highest of the Four Worlds of the Kabbalah referred only to

the pure Spirit of God. [w. w. w.] See “Aziluth” for another interpretation.

 

Audlang (Scand.). The second heaven made by Deity above the field of Ida, in the

Norse legends.

 

Audumla (Scand.) The Cow of Creation, the “nourisher”, from which flowed four

streams of milk which fed the giant Ymir or Örgelmir (matter in ebullition) and

his sons, the Hrimthurses (Frost giants), before the appearance of gods or men.

Having nothing to graze upon she licked the salt of the ice-rocks and thus

produced Buri, “the Producer” in his turn, who had a son Bör (the born) who

married a daughter of the Frost Giants, and had three sons, Odin (Spirit), Wili

(Will), and We (Holy). The meaning of the allegory is evident. It is the

precosmic union of the elements, of Spirit, or the creative Force, with Matter,

cooled and still seething, which it forms in accordance with universal Will.

Then the Ases, “the pillars and supports of the World” (Cosmocratores), step in

and create as All-father wills them.

 

Augoeides (Gr.). Bulwer Lytton calls it the “Luminous Self ”, or our Higher Ego.

But Occultism makes of it something distinct from


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this. It is a mystery. The Augocides is the luminous divine radiation of the EGO

which, when incarnated, is but its shadow—pure as it is yet. This is explained

in the Amshaspends and their Ferouers.

 

Aum (Sk.). The sacred syllable; the triple-lettered unit; hence the trinity in

One.

 

Aura (Gr. and Lat.). A subtle invisible essence or fluid that emanates from

human and animal bodies and even things. It is a psychic effluvium, partaking of

both the mind and the body, as it is the electro-vital, and at the same time an

electro-mental aura; called in Theosophy the âkâsic or magnetic aura.

 

Aurnavâbha (Sk.) An ancient Sanskrit commentator.

 

Aurva (Sk.). The Sage who is credited with the invention of the “fiery weapon”

called Agneyâstra.

 

Ava-bodha (Sk.). “Mother of Knowledge.” A title of Aditi.

 

Avâivartika (Sk.) An epithet of every Buddha: lit., one who turns no more back;

who goes straight to Nirvâna.

 

Avalokiteswara (Sk.) “The on-looking Lord” In the exoteric interpretation, he is

Padmapâni (the lotus bearer and the lotus-born) in Tibet, the first divine

ancestor of the Tibetans, the complete incarnation or Avatar of Avalokiteswara;

but in esoteric philosophy Avaloki, the “on-looker”, is the Higher Self, while

Padmapâni is the Higher Ego or Manas. The mystic formula “Om mani padme hum” is

specially used to invoke their joint help. While popular fancy claims for

Avalokiteswara many incarnations on earth, and sees in him, not very wrongly,

the spiritual guide of every believer, the esoteric interpretation sees in him

the Logos, both celestial and human. Therefore, when the Yogâchârya School has

declared Avalokiteswara as Padmâpani “to be the Dhyâni Bodhisattva of Amitâbha

Buddha”, it is indeed, because the former is the spiritual reflex in the world

of forms of the latter, both being one—one in heaven, the other on earth.

 

Avarasâila Sanghârama (Sk.). Lit., the School of the Dwellers on the western

mountain. A celebrated Vihâra (monastery) in Dhana-kstchâka, according to Eitel,

“built 600 B.C., and deserted A.D. 600”.

 

Avastan (Sk.) An ancient name for Arabia.

 

Avasthas (Sk.) States, conditions, positions.

 

Avatâra (Sk.) Divine incarnation. The descent of a god or some exalted Being,

who has progressed beyond the necessity of Rebirths, into the body of a simple

mortal. Krishna was an avatar of Vishnu. The Dalai Lama is regarded as an avatar

of Avalokiteswara, and the Teschu Lama as one of Tson-kha-pa, or Amitâbha. There

are two kinds of avatars: those born from woman, and the parentless, the

anupapâdaka.


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Avebury or Abury. In Wiltshire are the remains of an ancient megalithic Serpent

temple: according to the eminent antiquarian Stukeley, 1740, there are traces of

two circles of stones and two avenues ; the whole has formed the representation

of a serpent. [w.w.w.]

 

Avesta (Zend). Lit., “the Law”. From the old Persian Âbastâ, “the law”. The

sacred Scriptures of the Zoroastrians. Zend means in the “Zend-Avesta”—a

“commentary” or “interpretation”. It is an error to regard “ Zend” as a

language, as “it was applied only to explanatory texts, to the translations of

the Avesta”(Darmsteter).

 

Avicenna. The latinized name of Abu-Ali al Hoséen ben Abdallah Ibn Sina; a

Persian philosopher, born 980 AD)., though generally referred to as an Arabian

doctor. On account of his surprising learning he was called “the Famous”, and

was the author of the best and the first alchemical works known in Europe. All

the Spirits of the Elements were subject to him, so says the legend, and it

further tells us that owing to his knowledge of the Elixir of Life, he still

lives, as an adept who will disclose himself to the profane at the end of a

certain cycle.

 

Avidyâ (Sk.). Opposed to Vidyâ, Knowledge. Ignorance which proceeds from, and is

produced by the illusion of the Senses or Viparyaya.

 

Avikâra (Sk.). Free from degeneration; changeless—used of Deity.

 

Avitchi (Sk.) A state: not necessarily after death only or between two births,

for it can take place on earth as well. Lit., “uninterrupted hell”. The last of

the eight hells, we are told, “where the culprits die and are reborn without

interruption—yet not without hope of final redemption. This is because Avitchi

is another name for Myalba (our earth) and also a state to which some soulless

men are condemned on this physical plane.

 

Avyakta (Sk.). The unrevealed cause; indiscrete or undifferentiated; the

opposite of Vyakta, the differentiated. The former is used of the unmanifested,

and the latter of the manifested Deity, or of Brahma and Brahmâ.

 

Axieros (Gr.). One of the Kabiri.

Axiocersa (Gr.).      "         "

Axiocersus (Gr.).    "         "

 

Ayana (Sk.) A period of time; two Ayanas complete a year, one being the period

of the Sun’s progress northward, and the other south ward in the ecliptic.

 

Ayin (Heb.). Lit., “Nothing”, whence the name of Ain-Soph. (See“Ain”.)

 

Aymar, Jacques. A famous Frenchman who had great success in the use of the

Divining Rod about the end of the 17th century; he was often employed in

detecting criminals; two M.D’s of the University of Paris,


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Chauvin and Garnier reported on the reality of his powers. See Colquhoun on

Magic. [ w.w.w.]

 

Ayur Veda (Sk.). Lit., “the Veda of Life”.

 

Ayuta (Sk.). 100 Kôti, or a sum equal to 1,000,000,000.

 

Azareksh (Zend) A place celebrated for a fire-temple of the Zoroastrians and

Magi during the time of Alexander the Great.

 

Azazel (Heb.) “God of Victory”; the scape-goat for the sins of Israel. He who

comprehends the mystery of Azazel, says Aben-Ezra, “will learn the mystery of

God’s name”, and truly. See “Typhon” and the scape-goat made sacred to him in

ancient Egypt.

 

Azhi-Dahaka (Zend) One of the Serpents or Dragons in the legends of Iran and the

Avesta Scriptures, the allegorical destroying Serpent or Satan.

 

Aziluth (Heb.) The name for the world of the Sephiroth, called the world of

Emanations Olam Aziluth. It is the great and the highest prototype of the other

worlds. “Atzeelooth is the Great Sacred Seal by means of which all the worlds

are copied which have impressed on themselves the image on the Seal; and as this

Great Seal comprehends three stages, which are three zures (prototypes) of

Nephesh (the Vital Spirit or Soul), Ruach (the moral and reasoning Spirit), and

the Neshamah (the Highest Soul of man), so the Sealed have also received three

zures, namely Breeah, Yetzeerah, and Aseeyah, and these three zures are only one

in the Seal” (Myer’s Qabbalah). The globes A, Z, of our terrestial chain are in

Aziluth. (See Secret Doctrine.)

 

Azoth (Alch.). The creative principle in Nature, the grosser portion of which is

stored in the Astral Light. It is symbolized by a figure which is a cross (See

“Eliphas Lévi”), the four limbs of which bear each one letter of the word Taro,

which can be read also Rota, Ator, and in many other combinations, each of which

has an occult meaning.

 

A. and Ω Alpha and Omega, the First and the Last, the beginning and ending of

all active existence; the Logos, hence (with the Christians) Christ. See Rev.

xxi, 6., where John adopts “Alpha and Omega” as the symbol of a Divine Comforter

who “will give unto him that is athirst of the fountain of the water of life

freely”. The word Azot or Azoth is a mediæval glyph of this idea, for the word

consists of the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet, A and Ω of the

Latin alphabet, A and Z, and of the Hebrew alphabet, A and T, or aleph and tau.

(See also “Azoth”.) [ w.w.w.]

                                     

B


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B —The second letter in almost all the alphabets, also the second in the Hebrew.

Its symbol is a house, the form of Beth, the letter itself indicating a

dwelling, a shed or a shelter. “As a compound of a root, it is constantly used

for the purpose of showing that it had to do with stone; when stones at Beth-el

are set up, for instance. The Hebrew value as a numeral is two. Joined with its

predecessor, it forms the word Ab, the root of ‘father’, Master, one in

authority, and it has the Kabalistical distinction of being the first letter in

the Sacred Volume of the Law. The divine name connected with this letter is

"Bakhour." (R. M. [Cyclop.]

 

Baal (Chald. Heb.). Baal or Adon (Adonai) was a phallic god. “Who shall ascend

unto the hill (the high place) of the Lord; who shall stand in the place of his

Kadushu (q.v.) ? ” (Psalms XX1V. 3.) The “circle dance” performed by King David

round the ark, was the dance prescribed by the Amazons in the Mysteries, the

dance of the daughters of Shiloh (Judges xxi., et seq.) and the same as the

leaping of the prophets of Baal (I. Kings xviii). He was named Baal-Tzephon, or

god of the crypt (Exodus) and Seth, or the pillar (phallus), because he was the

same as Ammon (or Baal-Hammon) of Egypt, called “the hidden god”. Typhon, called

Set, who was a great god in Egypt during the early dynasties, is an aspect of

Baal and Ammon as also of Siva, Jehovah and other gods. Baal is the all

devouring Sun, in one sense, the fiery Moloch.

 

Babil Mound (Chald. Heb.). The site of the Temple of Bel at Babylon.

 

Bacchus (Gr.). Exoterically and superficially the god of wine and the vintage,

and of licentiousness and joy; but the esoteric meaning of this personification

is more abstruse and philosophical. He is the Osiris of Egypt, and his life and

significance belong to the same group as the other solar deities, all

“sin-bearing,” killed and resurrected; e.g., as Dionysos or Atys of Phrygia

(Adonis, or the Syrian Tammuz), as Ausonius, Baldur (q.v.), &c., &c. All these

were put to death, mourned for, and restored to life. The rejoicings for Atys

took place at the Hilaria on the “pagan” Easter, March 15.  Ausonius, a form of

Bacchus, was slain “at the vernal equinox, March 21st, and rose in three days”.

Tammuz, the double of Adonis and Atys, was mourned by the women at the “grove”

of his name “over Bethlehem, where the infant Jesus cried”, says St. Jerome.

Bacchus is murdered and his mother collects the fragments of his lacerated body

as Isis does those of Osiris, and so on.

 
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Dionysos Iacchus, torn to shreds by the Titans, Osiris, Krishna, all descended

into Hades and returned again. Astronomically, they all represent the Sun ;

psychically they are all emblems of the ever-resurrecting “ Soul” (the Ego in

its re-incarnation) ; spiritually, all the innocent scape-goats, atoning for the

sins of mortals, their own earthly envelopes, and in truth, the poeticized image

of DIVINE MAN, the form of clay informed by its God.

 

Bacon, Roger. A Franciscan monk, famous as an adept in Alchemy and Magic Arts.

Lived in the thirteenth century in England. He believed in the philosopher’s

stone in the way all the adepts of Occultism believe in it; and also in

philosophical astrology. He is accused of having made a head of bronze which

having an acoustic apparatus hidden in it, seemed to utter oracles which were

words spoken by Bacon himself in another room. He was a wonderful physicist and

chemist, and credited with having invented gunpowder, though he said he had the

secret from “Asian (Chinese) wise men."

 

Baddha (Sk.). Bound, conditioned; as is every mortal who has not made himself

free through Nirvâna.

 

Bagavadam (Sk.). A Tamil Scripture on Astronomy and other matters.

 

Bagh-bog (Slavon.). “God”; a Slavonian name for the Greek Bacchus, whose name

became the prototype of the name God or Bagh and bog or bogh; the Russian for

God.

 

Bahak-Zivo (Gn.). The “father of the Genii” in the Codex Nazarœus. The Nazarenes

were an early semi-Christian sect.

 

Bal (Heb.). Commonly translated “Lord”, but also Bel, the Chaldean god, and

Baal, an "idol".

 

Bala (Sk.), or Panchabalâni. The “five powers” to be acquired in Yoga practice;

full trust or faith; energy ; memory; meditation ; wisdom.

 

Baldur (Scand.). The “Giver of all Good”. The bright God who is “the best and

all mankind are loud in his praise; so fair and dazzling is he in form and

features, that rays of light seem to issue from him (Edda). Such was the

birth-song chanted to Baldur who resurrects as Wali, the spring Sun. Baldur is

called the “well-beloved”, the “Holy one”, “who alone is without sin”. He is the

“God of Goodness”, who

“shall be born again, when a new and purer world will have arisen from the ashes

of the old, sin-laden world (Asgard)”. He is killed by the crafty Loki, because

Frigga, the mother of the gods, “while entreating all creatures and all lifeless

things to swear that they will not injure the well-beloved”, forgets to mention

“the weak mistletoe bough”, just as the mother of Achilles forgot her son’s

heel. A dart is made of it by Loki and he places it in the hands of blind Hödur

who


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kills with it the sunny-hearted god of light. The Christmas misletoe is probably

a reminiscence of the mistletoe that killed the Northern God of Goodness.

 

Bal-ilu (Chal.). One of the many titles of the Sun.

 

Bamboo Books. Most ancient and certainly pre-historic works in Chinese

containing the antediluvian records of the Annals of China. They were found in

the tomb of King Seang of Wai, who died 295 B.C., and claim to go back many

centuries.

 

Bandha (Sk.). Bondage; life on this earth; from the same root as Baddha.

 

Baphomet (Gr.). The androgyne goat of Mendes. (See Secret Doctrine, I. 253).

According to the Western, and especially the French Kabalists, the Templars were

accused of worshipping Baphomet, and Jacques de Molay, the Grand Master of the

Templars, with all his brother-Masons, suffered death in consequence. But

esoterically, and philologically, the word never meant “goat”, nor even anything

so objective as an idol. The term means according to Von Hammer, “baptism” or

initiation into Wisdom, from the Greek words bafh and mhtiz and from the

relation of Baphometus to Pan. Von Hammer must be right. It was a Hermetico

Kabalistic symbol, but the whole story as invented by the Clergy was false.

(See “Pan ”.)

 

Baptism (Gr.). The rite of purification performed during the ceremony of

initiation in the sacred tanks of India, and also the later identical rite

established by John “the Baptist” and practised by his disciples and followers,

who were not Christians. This rite was hoary with age when it was adopted by the

Chrestians of the earliest centuries. Baptism belonged to the earliest

Chaldeo-Akkadian theurgy; was religiously practised in the nocturnal ceremonies

in the Pyramids where we see to this day the font in the shape of the

sarcophagus; was known to take place during the Eleusinian mysteries in the

sacred temple lakes, and is practised even now by the descendants of the ancient

Sabians. The Mendæans (the El Mogtasila of the Arabs) are, notwithstanding their

deceptive name of “St. John Christians”, less Christians than are the Orthodox

Mussulman Arabs around them. They are pure Sabians; and this is very naturally

explained when one remembers that the great Semitic scholar Renan has shown in

his Vie de Jésus that the Aramean verb seba, the origin of the name Sabian, is a

synonym of the Greek baptizw. The modern Sabians, the Mendæans whose vigils and

religious rites, face to face with the silent stars, have been described by

several travellers, have still preserved the theurgic, baptismal rites of  their

distant and nigh-for gotten forefathers, the Chaldean Initiates. Their religion

is one of multiplied baptisms, of seven purifications in the name of the seven

planetary

 
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rulers, the “seven Angels of the Presence” of the Roman Catholic Church. The

Protestant Baptists are but the pale imitators of the El Mogtasila or Nazareans

who practise their Gnostic rites in the deserts of Asia Minor. (See “Boodhasp”.)

 

Bardesanes or Bardaisan. A Syrian Gnostic, erroneously regarded as a Christian

theologian, born at Edessa (Edessene Chronicle) in 155 of our era (Assemani

Bibl.. Orient. i. 389). He was a great astrologer following the Eastern Occult

System. According to Porphyry (who calls him the Babylonian, probably on account

of his Chaldeeism or astrology), “Bardesanes . . . . held intercourse with the

Indians that had been sent to the Cæsar with Damadamis at their head” (De Abst.

iv. 17), and had his information from the Indian gymnosophists. The fact is that

most of his teachings, however much they may have been altered by his numerous

Gnostic followers, can be traced to Indian philosophy, and still more to the

Occult teachings of the Secret System. Thus in his Hymns he speaks of the

creative Deity as “Father-Mother”, and elsewhere of “Astral Destiny” (Karma) of

“Minds of Fire” (the Agni-Devas) &c. He connected the Soul (the personal Manas)

with the Seven Stars, deriving its origin from the Higher Beings (the divine

Ego); and therefore “admitted spiritual resurrection but denied the resurrection

of the body”, as charged with by the Church Fathers. Ephraim shows him preaching

the signs of the Zodiac, the importance of the birth-hours and “proclaiming the

seven”. Calling the Sun the “Father of Life” and the Moon the “Mother of Life”,

he shows the latter “laying aside her garment of light (principles) for the

renewal of the Earth”. Photius cannot understand how, while accepting “the Soul

free from the power of genesis (destiny of birth)” and possessing free will, he

still placed the body under the rule of birth (genesis). For “they (the

Bardesanists) say, that wealth and poverty and sickness and health and death and

all things not within our control are works of destiny” (Bibl. Cod. 223,

p.221—f). This is Karma, most evidently, which does not preclude at all

free-will. Hippolytus makes him a representative of the Eastern School. Speaking

of Baptism, Bardesanes is made to say (loc. cit. pp. 985-ff “It is not however

the Bath alone which makes us free, but the Knowledge of who we are, what we are

become, where we were before, whither we are hastening, whence we are redeemed;

what is generation (birth), what is re-generation (re.birth)”. This points

plainly to the doctrine of re-incarnation. His conversation (Dialogue) with

Awida and Barjamina on Destiny and Free Will shows it. “What is called Destiny,

is an order of outflow given to the Rulers (Gods) and the Elements, according to

which order the Intelligences (Spirit-Egos) are changed by their descent into

the Soul, and the Soul by its descent into the body”. (See Treatise, found in

its


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Syriac original, and published with English translation in 1855 by Dr. Cureton,

Spicileg. Syriac. in British Museum.)

 

Bardesanian (System). The “Codex of the Nazarenes”, a system worked out by one

Bardesanes. It is called by some a Kabala within the Kabala; a religion or sect

the esotericism of which is given out in names and allegories entirely

sui-generis. A very old Gnostic system. This codex has been translated into

Latin. Whether it is right to call the Sabeanism of the Mendaїtes (miscalled St.

John’s Christians),

contained in the Nazarene Codex, “the Bardesanian system”, as some do, is

doubtful; for the doctrines of the Codex and the names of the Good and Evil

Powers therein, are older than Bardaisan. Yet the names are identical in the two

systems.

 

Baresma (Zend). A plant used by Mobeds (Parsi priests) in the fire- temples,

wherein consecrated bundles of it are kept.

 

Barhishad (Sk.). A class of the “lunar” Pitris or “Ancestors”, Fathers, who are

believed in popular superstition to have kept up in their past incarnations the

household sacred flame and made fire-offerings. Esoterically the Pitris who

evolved their shadows or chhayas to make there-with the first man. (See Secret

Doctrine, Vol. II.)

 

Basileus (Gr.). The Archon or Chief who had the outer super-vision during the

Eleusinian Mysteries. While the latter was an initiated layman, and magistrate

at Athens, the Basileus of the inner Temple was of the staff of the great

Hierophant, and as such was one of the chief Mystæ and belonged to the inner

mysteries.

 

Basilidean (System). Named after Basilides; the Founder of one of the most

philosophical gnostic sects. Clement the Alexandrian speaks of Basilides, the

Gnostic, as “a philosopher devoted to the contemplation of divine things”. While

he claimed that he had all his doctrines from the Apostle Matthew and from Peter

through Glaucus, Irenaeus reviled him, Tertullian stormed at him, and the Church

Fathers had not sufficient words of obloquy against the “heretic”. And yet on

the authority of St. Jerome himself, who describes with indignation what he had

found in the only genuine Hebrew copy of the Gospel of Matthew (See Isis Unv.,

ii., 181) which he got from the Nazarenes, the statement of Basilides becomes

more than credible, and if accepted would solve a great and perplexing problem.

His 24 vols. of Interpretation of the Gospels, were, as Eusebius tells us,

burnt. Useless to say that these gospels were not our present Gospels. Thus,

truth was ever crushed.

 

Bassantin, James. A Scotch astrologer. He lived in the 16th century and is said

to have predicted to Sir Robert Melville, in 1562, the death and all the events

connected therewith of Mary, the unfortunate Queen of Scots.


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Bath (Heb.). Daughter.

 

Bath Kol (Heb.). Daughter of the Voice: the Divine afflatus, or inspiration, by

which the prophets of Israel were inspired as by a voice from Heaven and the

Mercy-Seat. In Latin Filia Vocis. An analogous ideal is found in Hindu exoteric

theology named Vâch, the voice, the female essence, an aspect of Aditi, the

mother of the gods and primæval Light; a mystery. [ w.w.w.]

 

Batoo (Eg.). The first man in Egyptian folk-lore. Noum, the heavenly artist,

creates a beautiful girl—the original of the Grecian Pandora—and sends her to

Batoo, after which the happiness of the first man is destroyed.

 

Batria (Eg.). According to tradition, the wife of the Pharaoh and the teacher of

Moses.

 

Beel-Zebub (Heb.). The disfigured Baal of the Temples. and more correctly

Beel-Zebul. Beel-Zebub means -literally “god of flies” ; the derisory epithet

used by the Jews, and the incorrect and confused rendering of the “god of the

sacred scarabæi”, the divinities watching the mummies, and symbols of

transformation, regeneration and immortality. Beel-Zeboul means properly the “

God of the Dwelling:’ and is spoken of in this sense in Matthew x. 25. As

Apollo, originally not a Greek but a Phenician god, was the healing god, Paiàn,

or physician, as well as the god of oracles, he became gradually transformed as

such into the “Lord of Dwelling”, a household deity, and thus was called

Beel-Zeboul. He was also, in a sense, a psychopompic god, taking care of the

souls as did Anubis. Beelzebub was always the oracle god, and was only confused

and identified with Apollo latter on.

 

Bel (Chald.). The oldest and mightiest god of Babylonia, one of the earliest

trinities,—Anu (q.v.) ; Bel,

“Lord of the World”, father of the gods, Creator, and “Lord of the City of

Nipur’; and Hea, maker of fate, Lord of the Deep, God of Wisdom and esoteric

Knowledge, and “Lord of the city of Eridu”. The wife of Bel, or his female

aspect (Sakti), was Belat, or Beltis, “the mother of the great gods”, and the

“Lady of the city of Nipur”. The original Bel was also called Enu, Elu and Kaptu

(see Chaldean account of Genesis, by G. Smith). His eldest son was the Moon God

Sin (whose names were also Ur, Agu and Itu), who was the presiding deity of the

city of Ur, called in his honour by one of his names. Now Ur was the place of

nativity of Abram (see “Astrology”). In the early Babylonian religion the Moon

was, like Soma in India, a male, and the Sun a female deity. And this led almost

every nation to great fratricidal wars between the lunar and the solar

worshippers—e.g., the contests between the Lunar and the Solar

Dynasties, the Chandra and Suryavansa in ancient Aryavarta. Thus we find the


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same on a smaller scale between the Semitic tribes. Abram and his father Terah

are shown migrating from Ur and carrying their lunar god (or its scion) with

them ; for Jehovah Elohim or El—another form of Elu—has ever been connected with

the moon. It is the Jewish lunar chronology which has led the European

“civilized” nations into the greatest blunders and mistakes. Merodach, the son

of Hea, became the later Bel and was worshipped at Babylon. His other title,

Belas, has a number of symbolical meanings.

 

Bela-Shemesh (Chald. Heb.). “The Lord of the Sun”, the name of the Moon during

that period when the Jews became in turn solar and lunar worshippers, and when

the Moon was a male, and the Sun a female deity. This period embraced the time

between the allegorical expulsion of Adam and Eve from Eden down to the no less

allegorical Noachian flood. (See Secret Doctrine, I. 397.)

 

Bembo, Tablet of; or Mensa Isiaca. A brazen tablet inlaid with designs in Mosaic

(now in the Museum at Turin) which once belonged to the famous Cardinal Bembo.

Its origin and date are unknown. It is covered with Egyptian figures and

hieroglyphics, and is supposed to have been an ornament in an ancient Temple of

Isis. The learned Jesuit Kircher wrote a description of it, and Montfaucon has a

chapter devoted to it.

[ w.w.w.]

The only English work on the Isiac Tablet is by Dr. W. Wynn Westcott, who gives

a photogravure in addition to its history, description, and occult significance.

 

Ben (Heb.). A son; a common prefix in proper names to denote the son of

so-and-so, e.g., Ben Solomon, Ben Ishmael, etc.

 

Be-ness. A term coined by Theosophists to render more accurately the essential

meaning of the untranslatable word Sat. The latter word does not mean “Being”

for it presupposes a sentient feeling or some consciousness of existence. But,

as the term Sat is applied solely to the absolute Principle, the universal,

unknown, and ever unknowable Presence, which philosophical Pantheism postulates

in Kosmos, calling it the basic root of Kosmos. and Kosmos itself— “Being” was

no fit word to express it. Indeed, the latter is not even, as translated by some

Orientalists, “the incomprehensible Entity”; for it is no more an Entity than a

non-Entity, but both. It is, as said, absolute Be-ness, not Being, the one

secondless, undivided, and indivisible All—the root of all Nature visible and

invisible, objective and subjective, to be sensed by the highest spiritual

intuition, but’ never to be fully comprehended.

 

Ben Shamesh (Heb.). The children or the “Sons of the Sun”. The


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term belongs to the period when the Jews were divided into sun and moon

worshippers—Elites and Belites. (See “Bela- Shemesh”.)

 

Benoo (Eg.). A word applied to two symbols, both taken to mean “Phœnix”. One was

the Shen-shen

(the heron), and the other a nondescript bird, called the Rech (the red one),

and both were sacred to Osiris. It was the latter that was the regular Phœnix of

the great Mysteries, the typical symbol of self-creation and resurrection

through death—a type of the Solar Osiris and of the divine Ego in man. Yet both

the Heron and the Rech were symbols of cycles; the former, of the Solar year of

365 days; the latter of the tropical year or a period covering almost 26,000

years. In both cases the cycles were the types of the return of light from

darkness, the yearly and great cyclic return of the sun-god to his birth-place,

or—his Resurrection. The Rech-Benoo is described by Macrobius as living 660

years and then dying; while others stretched its life as long as 1,460 years.

Pliny, the Naturalist, describes the Rech as a large bird with gold and purple

wings, and a long blue tail. As every reader is aware, the Phœnix on feeling its

end approaching, according to tradition, builds for itself a funeral pile on the

top of the sacrificial altar, and then proceeds to consume himself thereon as a

burnt-offering. Then a worm appears in the ashes, which grows and developes

rapidly into a new Phœnix, resurrected from the ashes of its predecessor.

 

Berasit (Heb.). The first word of the book of Genesis. The English established

version translates this as “In the beginning,” but this rendering is disputed by

many scholars. Tertullian approved of “In power”; Grotius “When first”; but the

authors of the Targum of Jerusalern, who ought to have known Hebrew if anyone

did, translated it “In Wisdom”. Godfrey Higgins, in his Anacalypsis, insists on

Berasit being the sign of the ablative case, meaning “in” and ras, rasit, an

ancient word for Chokmah, “wisdom”. [ w. w.w.]

Berasit or Berasheth is a mystic word among the Kabbalists of Asia Minor.

 

Bergelmir (Scand.). The one giant who escaped in a boat the general slaughter of

his brothers, the giant Ymir’s children, drowned in the blood of their raging

Father. He is the Scandinavian Noah, as he, too, becomes the father of giants

after the Deluge. The lays of the Norsemen show the grandsons of the divine

Bun—Odin, Wili, and We— conquering and killing the terrible giant Ymir, and

creating the world out of his body.

 

Berosus (Chald.). A priest of the Temple of Belus who wrote for Alexander the

Great the history of the Cosmogony, as taught in the


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Temples, from the astronomical and chronological records preserved in that

temple. The fragments we have in the soi-disant translations of Eusebius are

certainly as untrustworthy as the biographer of the Emperor Constantine—of whom

he made a saint (!!)—could make them. The only guide to this Cosmogony may now

be found in the fragments of the Assyrian tablets, evidently copied almost

bodily from the earlier Babylonian records; which, say what the Orientalists

may, are undeniably the originals of the Mosaic Genesis, of the Flood, the tower

of Babel, of baby Moses set afloat on the waters, and of other events. For, if

the fragments from the Cosmogony of Berosus, so carefully re-edited and probably

mutilated and added to by Eusebius, are no great proof of the antiquity of these

records in Babylonia—seeing that this priest of Belus lived three hundred years

after the Jews were carried captive to Babylon, and they may have been borrowed

by the Assyrians from them—later discoveries have made such a consoling

hypothesis impossible. It is now fully ascertained by Oriental scholars that not

only “Assyria borrowed its civilization and written characters from Babylonia,”

but the Assyrians copied their literature from Babylonian sources. Moreover, in

his first Hibbert lecture, Professor Sayce shows the culture both of Babylonia

itself and of the city of Eridu to have been of foreign importation; and,

according to this scholar, the city of Eridu stood already “6,000 years ago on

the shores of the Persian gulf,” i.e., about the very time when Genesis shows

the Elohim creating the world, sun, and stars out of nothing.

 

Bes (Eg.). A phallic god, the god of concupiscence and pleasure. He is

represented standing on a lotus ready to devour his own progeny (Abydos). A

rather modern deity of foreign origin.

 

Bestla (Scand.). The daughter of the “Frost giants”, the sons of Ymir; married

to Bun, and the mother of Odin and his brothers (Edda).

 

Beth (Heb.). House, dwelling.

 

Beth Elohim (Heb.). A Kabbalistic treatise treating of the angels, souls of men,

and demons. The name means “House of the Gods".

 

Betyles (Phœn.). Magical stones. The ancient writers call them the “animated

stones” ; oracular stones, believed in and used both by Gentiles and Christians.

(See S.D. II. p. 342).

 

Bhadra Vihara (Sk.). Lit., “the Monastery of the Sages or Bodhisattvas”. A

certain Vihara or Matham in Kanyâkubdja.

 

Bhadrakalpa (Sk.). Lit., “The Kalpa of the Sages”. Our present period is a

Bhadra Kalpa, and the exoteric teaching makes it last 236 million years. It is

“so called because 1,000 Buddhas or sages appear in the course of it”. (Sanshrit

Chinese Dict.) “Four Buddhas have already appeared” it adds; but as out of the

236 millions, over 151


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million years have already elapsed, it does seem a rather uneven distribution of

Buddhas. This is the way exoteric or popular religions confuse everything.

Esoteric philosophy teaches us that every Root- race has its chief Buddha or

Reformer, who appears also in the seven sub-races as a Bodhisattva (q.v.).

Gautama Sakyamuni was the fourth, and also the fifth Buddha: the fifth, because

we are the fifth root-race; the fourth, as the chief Buddha in this fourth

Round. The Bhadra Kalpa, or the “period of stability”, is the name of our

present Round, esoterically—its duration applying, of course, only to our globe

(D), the “1,000” Buddhas being thus in reality limited to but forty-nine in all.

 

Bhadrasena (Sk.). A Buddhist king of Magadha.

 

Bhagats (Sk.). Also called Sokha and Sivnath by the Hindus; one who exorcises

evil spirits.

 

Bhagavad-gita (Sk.). Lit., “the Lord’s Song”. A portion of the Mahabharata, the

great epic poem of India. It contains a dialogue wherein Krishna—the

“Charioteer”—and Arjuna, his Chela, have a discussion upon the highest spiritual

philosophy. The work is pre-eminently occult or esoteric.

 

Bhagavat (Sk.). A title of the Buddha and of Krishna. “The Lord” literally.

 

Bhao (Sk.). A ceremony of divination among the Kolarian tribes of Central India.

 

Bhârata Varsha (Sk.). The land of Bharata, an ancient name of India.

 

Bhargavas (Sk.). An ancient race in India; from the name of Bhrigu, the Rishi.

 

Bhâshya (Sk) A commentary.

 

Bhâskara (Sk). One of the titles of Surya, the Sun; meaning “life- giver” and

“light-maker”.

 

Bhava (Sk.). Being, or state of being; the world, a birth, and also a name of

Siva.

 

Bhikshu (Sk.). In Pâli Bihkhu. The name given to the first followers of

Sâkyamuni Buddha. Lit., “mendicant scholar”. The Sanskrit Chinese Dictionary

explains the term correctly by dividing Bhikshus into two classes of Sramanas

(Buddhist monks and priests), viz., “esoteric mendicants who control their

nature by the (religious) law, and exoteric mendicants who control their nature

by diet;” and it adds, less correctly: “every true Bhikshu is supposed to work

miracles”.

 

Bhons (Tib.). The followers of the old religion of the Aborigines of Tibet; of

pre-buddhistic temples and ritualism; the same as Dugpas,


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“red caps”, though the latter appellation usually applies only to sorcerers.

 

Bhrantidarsanatah (Sk.). Lit., “false comprehension or apprehension”; something

conceived of on false appearances as a mayavic, illusionary form.

 

Bhrigu (Sk.). One of the great Vedic Rishis. He is called “Son” by Manu, who

confides to him his Institutes. He is one of the Seven Prajâpatis or progenitors

of mankind, which is equivalent to identifying him with one of the creative

gods, placed by the Purânas in Krita Yug, or the first age, that of purity. Dr.

Wynn Westcott reminds us of the fact that the late and very erudite Dr. Kenealy

(who spelt the name Brighoo), made of this Muni (Saint) the fourth, out of his

twelve, “divine messengers” to the World, adding that he appeared in Tibet, A.N.

4800 and that his religion spread to Britain, where his followers raised the

megalithic temple of Stonehenge. This, of course, is a hypothesis, based merely

on Dr. Kenealy’s personal speculations.

 

Bhûmi (Sk.). The earth, called also Prithivî.

 

Bhur-Bhuva (Sk). A mystic incantation, as Om, Bhur, Bhuva, Swar, meaning “Om,

earth, sky, heaven,  This is the exoteric explanation.

 

Bhuranyu (Sk.). “The rapid” or the swift. Used of a missile— an equivalent also

of the Greek Phoroneus.

 

Bhur-loka (Sk). One of the 14, lokas or worlds in Hindu Pantheism; our Earth.

 

Bhutadi (Sk.). Elementary substances, the origin and the germinal essence of the

elements.

 

Bhutan. A country of heretical Buddhists and Lamaists beyond Sikkhim, where

rules the Dharma Raja, a nominal vassal of the Dalaї Lama.

 

Bhûhta-vidyâ (Sk.). The art of exorcising, of treating and curing demoniac

possession. Literally, “Demon” or “Ghost-knowledge”.

 

Bhûta-sarga (Sk.). Elemental or incipient Creation, i.e., when matter was

several degrees less material than it is now.

 

Bhûtesa (Sk.) Or Bhûteswara; lit., “Lord of beings or of existent lives”. A name

applied to Vishnu, to Brahmâ and Krishna.

 

Bhûts (Sk.). Bhûta.: Ghosts, phantoms. To call them “demons”, as do the

Orientalists, is incorrect. For, if on the one hand, a Bhûta is “a malignant

spirit which haunts cemeteries, lurks in trees, animates dead bodies, and

deludes and devours human beings”, in popular fancy, in India in Tibet and

China, by Bhûtas are also meant “heretics” who besmear their bodies with ashes,

or Shaiva ascetics (Siva being held in India for the King of Bhûtas).


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Bhuya-loka (Sk.). One of the 14 worlds.

 

Bhuvana (Sk). A name of Rudra or Siva, one of the Indian Trimurti (Trinity).

 

Bifröst (Scand.). A bridge built by the gods to protect Asgard. On it “the third

Sword-god, known as Heimdal or Riger”, stands night and day girded with his

sword, for he is the watchman selected to protect Asgard, the abode of gods.

Heimdal is the Scandinavian Cherubim with the flaming sword, “which turned every

way to keep the way of the tree of life”.

 

Bihar Gyalpo (Tib.). A king deified by the Dugpas. A patron over all their

religious buildings.

 

Binah (Heb.). Understanding. The third of the 10 Sephiroth, the third of the

Supernal Triad; a female potency, corresponding to the letter hé of the

Tetragrammaton IHVH. Binah is called AIMA, the Supernal Mother, and “the great

Sea”. [ w.w.w.]

 

Birs Nimrud (Chald.). Believed by the Orientalists to be the site of the Tower

of Babel. The great pile of Birs Nimrud is near Babylon. Sir H. Rawlinson and

several Assyriologists examined the excavated ruins and found that the tower

consisted of seven stages of brick-work, each stage of a different colour, which

shows that the temple was devoted to the seven planets. Even with its three

higher stages or floors in ruins, it still rises now 154 feet above the level of

the plain. (”See Borsippa”.)

 

Black Dwarfs. The name of the Elves of Darkness, who creep about in the dark

caverns of the earth and fabricate weapons and utensils for their divine

fathers, the Æsir or Ases. Called also “Black Elves”.

 

Black Fire (Zohar.) A Kabbalistic term for Absolute Light and Wisdom; “black”

because it is incomprehensible to our finite intellects.

 

Black Magic (Occult.). Sorcery; necromancy, or the raising of the dead, and

other selfish abuses of abnormal powers. This abuse may be unintentional; yet it

is still “black magic” whenever anything is produced phenomenally simply for

one’s own gratification.

 

B’ne Alhim or Beni Elohim (Heb.). “Sons of God ”, literally or more correctly

“Sons of the gods”, as Elohim is the plural of Eloah. A group of angelic powers

referable by analogy to the Sephira Hôd. 

 [w. w. w.]

 

Boat of the Sun. This sacred solar boat was called Sekti, and it was steered by

the dead. With the Egyptians the highest exaltation of the Sun was in Aries and

the depression in Libya. (See “Pharaoh”, the “Son of the Sun”.) A blue

light—which is the “Sun’s Son”—is seen streaming from the bark. The ancient

Egyptians taught


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that the real colour of the Sun was blue, and Macrobius also states that his

colour is of a pure blue before he reaches the horizon and after he disappears

below. It is curious to note in this relation the fact that it is only since

1881 that physicists and astronomers discovered that “our Sun is really blue”.

Professor Langley devoted many years to ascertaining the fact. Helped in this by

the magnificent scientific apparatus of physical science, he has succeeded

finally in proving that the apparent yellow-orange colour of the Sun is due only

to the effect of absorption exerted by its atmosphere of vapours, chiefly

metallic; but that in sober truth and reality, it is not “a white Sun but a blue

one”, i.e., something which the Egyptian priests had discovered without any

known scientific instruments, many thousands of years ago!

 

Boaz (Heb.). The great-grandfather of David. The word is from B, meaning “in”,

and oz “strength”, a symbolic name of one of the pillars at the porch of King

Solomon’s temple. [w. w. w.]

 

Bodha-Bodhi (Sk.). Wisdom-knowledge.

 

Bodhi or Sambodhi (Sk.). Receptive intelligence, in contradistinction to Buddhi,

which is the potentiality of intelligence.

 

 

Bodhi Druma (Sk.). The Bo or Bodhi tree; the tree of “knowledge the Pippala or

ficus religiosa in botany. It is the tree under which Sâkymuni meditated for

seven years and then reached Buddhaship. It was originally 400 feet high, it is

claimed; but when Hiouen-Tsang saw it, about the year 640 of our era, it was

only 50 feet high. Its cuttings have been carried all over the Buddhist world

and are planted in front of almost every Vihâra or temple of fame in China,

Siam, Ceylon, and Tibet.

 

Bodhidharma (Sk.). Wisdom-religion; or the wisdom contained in Dharma (ethics).

Also the name of a great Arhat Kshatriya (one of the warrior-caste), the son of

a king. It was Panyatara, his guru, who “gave him the name Bodhidharma to mark

his understanding (bodhi) of the Law (dharma) of Buddha”. (Chin. San. Diet.).

Bodhidharma, who flourished in the sixth century, travelled to China, whereto he

brought a precious relic, namely, the almsbowl of the Lord Buddha.

 

Bodhisattva (Sk). Lit., “he, whose essence (sattva) has become intelligence

(bodhi)”; those who need but one more incarnation to become perfect Buddhas,

i.e., to be entitled to Nirvâna. This, as applied to Manushi (terrestrial)

Buddhas. In the metaphysical sense, Bodhisattva is a title given to the sons of

the celestial Dhyâni Buddhas.

 

Bodhyanga (Sk.). Lit., the seven branches of knowledge or understanding. One of

the 37 categories of the Bodhi pakchika dharma, comprehending seven degrees of

intelligence (esoterically, seven states of


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consciousness), and these are (1) Smriti “memory”; (2) Dharma pravitchaya,

“correct understanding” or discrimination of the Law ; (3) Virya, “energy” ; (4)

Priti, “spiritual joy” ; (5 )Prasrabdhi, “tranquillity” or quietude; (6)

Samâdhi, “ecstatic contemplation”; and (7) Upeksha “absolute indifference”.

 

Boehme (Jacob). A great mystic philosopher, one of the most prominent

Theosophists of the mediæval ages. He was born about 1575 at Old Seidenburg,

some two miles from Görlitz (Silesia), and died in 1624, at nearly fifty years

of age. In his boyhood he was a common shepherd, and, after learning to read and

write in a village school, became an apprentice to a poor shoemaker at Görlitz.

He was a natural clairvoyant of most wonderful powers. With no education or

acquaintance with science he wrote works which are now proved to be full of

scientific truths; but then, as he says himself, what he wrote upon, he “saw it

as in a great Deep in the Eternal”. He had “a thorough view of the universe, as

in a chaos”, which yet “opened itself in him, from time to time, as in a young

plant”. He was a thorough born Mystic, and evidently of a constitution which is

most rare one of those fine natures whose material envelope impedes in no way

the direct, even if only occasional, intercommunion between the intellectual and

the spiritual Ego. It is this Ego which Jacob Boehme, like so many other

untrained mystics, mistook for God; “Man must acknowledge,” he writes, “that his

knowledge is not his own, but from God, who manifests the Ideas of Wisdom to the

Soul of Man, in what measure he pleases.” Had this great Theosophist mastered

Eastern Occultism he might have expressed it otherwise. He would have known then

that the “god” who spoke through his poor uncultured and untrained brain, was

his own divine Ego, the omniscient Deity within himself, and that what that

Deity gave out was not in “what measure pleased,” but in the measure of the

capacities of the mortal and temporary dwelling IT informed.

 

Bonati, Guido. A Franciscan monk, born at Florence in the XIIIth century and

died in 1306. He became an astrologer and alchemist, but failed as a Rosicrucian

adept. He returned after this to his monastery.

 

Bona-Oma, or Bona Dea. A Roman goddess, the patroness of female Initiates and

Occultists. Called also Fauna after her father Faunus. She was worshipped as a

prophetic and chaste divinity, and her cult was confined solely to women, men

not being allowed to even pronounce her name. She revealed her oracles only to

women, and the ceremonies of her Sanctuary (a grotto in the Aventine) were

conducted by the Vestals, every 1st of May. Her aversion to men was so great

that no male person was permitted to approach the house of the consuls where


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her festival was sometimes held, and even the portraits and the busts of men

were carried out for the time from the building. Clodius, who once profaned such

a sacred festival by entering the house of Caesar where it was held, in a female

disguise, brought grief upon himself. Flowers and foliage decorated her temple

and women made libations from a vessel (mellarium) full of milk. It is not true

that the mellarium contained wine, as asserted by some writers, who being men

thus tried to revenge themselves.

 

Bono, Peter. A Lombardian; a great adept in the Hermetic Science, who travelled

to Persia to study Alchemy. Returning from his voyage he settled in Istria in

1330, and became famous as a Rosicrucian. A Calabrian monk named Lacinius is

credited with having published in 1702 a condensed version of Bono’s works on

the transmutation of metals. There is, however, more of Lacinius than of Bono in

the work. Bono was a genuine adept and an Initiate ; and such do not leave their

secrets behind them in MSS.

 

Boodhasp (Chald.) .An alleged Chaldean; but in esoteric teaching a Buddhist (a

Bodhisattva), from the East, who was the founder of the esoteric school of

Neo-Sabeism, and whose secret rite of baptism passed bodily into the Christian

rite of the same name. For almost three centuries before our era, Buddhist monks

overran the whole country of Syria, made their way into the Mesopotamian valley

and visited even Ireland. The name Ferho and Faho of the Codex Nazaraeus is but

a corruption of Fho, Fo and Pho, the name which the Chinese, Tibetans and even

Nepaulese often give to Buddha.

 

Book of the Dead. An ancient Egyptian ritualistic and occult work attributed to

Thot-Hermes. Found in the coffins of ancient mummies,

 

Book of the Keys. An ancient Kabbalistic work.

 

Borj (Pers.). The Mundane Mountain, a volcano or fire-mountain; the same as the

Indian Meru.

 

Borri, Joseph Francis. A great Hermetic philosopher, born at Milan in the 17th

century. He was an adept, an alchemist and a devoted occultist. He knew too much

and was, therefore, condemned to death for heresy, in January, 1661, after the

death of Pope Innocent X. He escaped and lived many years after, when finally he

was recognised by a monk in a Turkish village, denounced, claimed by the Papal

Nuncio, taken back to Rome and imprisoned, August 10th, 1675. But facts show

that he escaped from his prison in a way no one could account for.

 

Borsippa (Chald.). The planet-tower, wherein Bel was worshipped in the days when

astrolaters were the greatest astronomers. It was dedicated to Nebo, god of

Wisdom. (See “Birs Nimrud ”.)


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Both-al (Irish). The Both-al of the Irish is the descendant and copy of the

Greek Batylos and the

Beth-el of Canaan, the “house of God” (q.v.).

 

Bragadini, Marco Antonio. A Venetian Rosicrucian of great achievements, an

Occultist and Kabbalist who was decapitated in 1595 in Bavaria, for making gold.

 

Bragi (Scand.). The god of New Life, of the re-incarnation of nature and man. He

is called “the divine singer” without spot or blemish. He is represented as

gliding in the ship of the Dwarfs of Death during the death of nature (pralaya),

lying asleep on the deck with his golden stringed harp near him and dreaming the

dream of life. When the vessel crosses the threshold of Nain, the Dwarf of

Death, Bragi awakes and sweeping the strings of his harp, sings a song that

echoes over all the worlds, a song describing the rapture of existence, and

awakens dumb, sleeping nature out of her long death-like sleep.

 

Brahma (Sk.). The student must distinguish between Brahma the neuter, and

Brahmâ, the male creator of the Indian Pantheon. The former, Brahma or Brahman,

is the impersonal, supreme and uncognizable Principle of the Universe from the

essence of which all emanates, and into which all returns, which is incorporeal,

immaterial, unborn, eternal, beginningless and endless. It is all-pervading,

animating the highest god as well as the smallest mineral atom. Brahmâ on the

other hand, the male and the alleged Creator, exists periodically in his

manifestation only, and then again goes into pralaya, i.e., disappears and is

annihilated.

 

Brahmâ’s Day. A period of 2,160,000,000 years during which Brahmâ having emerged

out of his golden egg (Hiranyagarbha), creates and fashions the material world

(being simply the fertilizing and creative force in Nature). After this period,

the worlds being destroyed in turn, by fire and water, he vanishes with

objective nature, and then comes Brahmâ's Night.

 

Brahmâ’s Night. A period of equal duration, during which Brahmâ. is said to be

asleep. Upon awakening he recommences the process, and this goes on for an AGE

of Brahmâ composed of alternate “Days”, and “Nights”, and lasting 100 years (of

2,160,000,000 years each). It requires fifteen figures to express the duration

of such an age; after the expiration of which the Mahapralaya or the Great

Dissolution sets in, and lasts in its turn for the same space of fifteen

figures.

 

Brahmâ Prajâpati (Sk.). “Brahmâ the Progenitor”, literally the “Lord of

Creatures”. In this aspect Brahmâ is the synthesis of the Prajâpati or creative

Forces.


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Brahmâ Vâch (Sk.) Male and female Brahmâ. Vâch is also some-times called the

female logos; for Vâch  means Speech, literally. (See Manu Book I., and Vishnu

Purâna.)

 

Brahma Vidyâ (Sk.) The knowledge, the esoteric science, about the two Brahmas

and their true nature.

 

Brahmâ Virâj. (Sk.) The same: Brahmâ separating his body into two halves, male

and female, creates in them Vâch and Virâj. In plainer terms and esotericlly

Brahmâ the Universe, differentiating, produced thereby material nature, Virâj,

and spiritual intelligent Nature, Vâch—which is the Logos of Deity or the

manifested expression of the eternal divine Ideation.

 

Brahmâcharî (Sk.) A Brahman ascetic; one vowed to celibacy, a monk, virtually,

or a religious student.

 

Brahmajnâni (Sk.) One possessed of complete Knowledge; an Illuminatus in

esoteric parlance.

 

Brâhman (Sk.) The highest of the four castes in India, one supposed or rather

fancying himself, as high among men, as Brahman, the ABSOLUTE of the Vedantins,

is high among, or above the gods.

 

Brâhmana period (Sk.) One of the four periods into which Vedic literature has

been divided by Orientalists.

 

Brâhmanas (Sk.) Hindu Sacred Books. Works composed by, and for Brahmans.

Commentaries on those portions of the Vedas which were intended for the

ritualistic use and guidance of the “twice-born (Dwija) or Brahmans.

 

Brahmanaspati (Sk.). The planet Jupiter; a deity in the Rig -Veda, known in the

exoteric works as Brihaspati, whose wife Târâ was carried away by Soma (the

Moon). This led to a war between the gods and the Asuras.

 

Brahmâpuri (Sk.) Lit., “the City of Brahmâ.

 

Brahmâputrâs (Sk.) The Sons of Brahmâ.

 

Brahmarandhra (Sk.) A spot on the crown of the head connected by Sushumna, a

cord in the spinal column, with the heart. A mystic term having its significance

only in mysticism.

 

Brahmârshîs (Sk.). The Brahminical Rishis.

 

Bread and Wine. Baptism and the Eucharist have their direct origin in pagan

Egypt. There the “waters of purification” were used (the Mithraic font for

baptism being borrowed by the Persians from the Egyptians) and so were bread and

wine. “Wine in the Dionysiak cult, as in the Christian religion, represents that

blood which in different senses is the life of the world” (Brown, in the

Dionysiak Myth). Justin Martyr says, “In imitation of which the devil did the

like in the


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Mysteries of Mithras, for you either know or may know that they also take bread

and a cup of water in the sacrifices of those that are initiated and pronounce

certain words over it”. (See “Holy Water”.)

 

Briareus (Gr.) A famous giant in the Theogony of Hesiod. The son of Cœlus and

Terra, a monster with 50 heads and 100 arms. He is conspicuous in the wars and

battles between the gods.

 

Briatic World or Briah (Heb.) This world is the second of the Four worlds of the

Kabbalists and referred to the highest created “Archangels”, or to Pure Spirits.

[ w.w.w.]

 

Bride. The tenth Sephira, Malkuth, is called by the Kabbalists the Bride of

Microprosopus; she is the final Hé of the Tetragrammaton ; in a similar manner

the Christian Church is called the Bride of Christ.

[ w.w.w.]

 

Brihadâranyaka (Sk.) The name of a Upanishad. One of the sacred and secret books

of the Brahmins; an Aranyaka is a treatise appended to the Vedas, and considered

a subject of special study by those who have retired to the jungle (forest) for

purposes of religious meditation.

 

Brihaspati (Sk.) The name of a Deity, also of a Rishi. It is like wise the name

of the planet Jupiter. He is the personified Guru and priest of the gods in

India ; also the symbol of exoteric ritualism as opposed to esoteric mysticism.

Hence the opponent of King Soma—the moon, but also the sacred juice drunk at

initiation—the parent of Budha, Secret Wisdom.

 

Briseus (Gr.) A name given to the god Bacchus from his nurse, Briso. He had also

a temple at Brisa, a promontory of the isle of Lesbos.

 

Brothers of the Shadow. A name given by the Occultists to Sorcerers, and

especially to the Tibetan Dugpas, of whom there are many in the Bhon sect of the

Red Caps (Dugpa). The word is applied to all practitioners of black or left hand

magic.

 

Bubasté (Eg.) A city in Egypt which was sacred to the cats, and where was their

principal shrine. Many hundreds of thousands of cats were embalmed and buried in

the grottoes of Beni-Hassan-el Amar. The cat being a symbol of the moon was

sacred to Isis, her goddess. It sees in the dark and its eyes have a

phosphorescent lustre which frightens the night-birds of evil omen. The cat was

also sacred to Bast, and thence called “the (destroyer of the Sun’s (Osiris’)

enemies”.

 

Buddha (Sk.). Lit., “The Enlightened”. The highest degree of knowledge. To

become a Buddha one has to break through the bondage of sense and personality;

to acquire a complete perception of the REAL SELF and learn not to separate it

from all otherselves; to learn


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by experience the utter unreality of all phenomena of the visible Kosmos

foremost of all; to reach a complete detachment from all that is evanescent and

finite, and live while yet on Earth in the immortal and the everlasting alone,

in a supreme state of holiness.

 

Buddha Siddhârta (Sk.) The name given to Gautama, the Prince of Kapilavastu, at

his birth. It is an abbreviation of sarvârtthasiddha and means, the “realization

of all desires”. Gautama, which means, on earth (gâu) the most victorious (tama)

“was the sacerdotal name of the Sâkya family, the kingly patronymic of the

dynasty to which the father of Gautama, the King Suddhodhana of Kapilavastu,

belonged. Kapilavastu was an ancient city, the birth-place of the Great Reformer

and was destroyed during his life time. In the title Sâkyamuni, the last

component, muni, is rendered as meaning one mighty in charity, isolation and

silence”, and the former Sâkya is the family name. Every Orientalist or Pundit

knows by heart the story of Gautama, the Buddha, the most perfect of mortal men

that the world has ever seen, but none of them seem to suspect the esoteric

meaning underlying his prenatal

biography, i.e., the significance of the popular story. The Lalitavistûra tells

the tale, but abstains from hinting at the truth. The 5,000 jâtakas, or the

events of former births (re-incarnations) are taken literally instead of

esoterically. Gautama, the Buddha, would not have been a mortal man, had he not

passed through hundreds and thousands of births previous to his last. Yet the

detailed account of these, and the statement that during them he worked his way

up through every stage of transmigration from the lowest animate and inanimate

atom and insect, up to the highest—or man, contains simply the well-known occult

aphorism : “a stone becomes a plant, a plant an animal, and an animal a man”.

Every human being who has ever existed, has passed through the same evolution.

But the hidden symbolism in the sequence of these re-births (jâtaka) contains a

perfect history of the evolution on this earth, pre and post human, and is a

scientific exposition of natural facts. One truth not veiled but bare and open

is found in their nomenclature, viz., that as soon as Gautama had reached the

human form he began exhibiting in every personality the utmost unselfishness,

self-sacrifice and charity. Buddha Gautama, the fourth of the Sapta (Seven)

Buddhas and Sapta Tathâgatas was born according to Chinese Chronology in 1024

B.C; but according to the Singhalese chronicles, on the 8th day of the second

(or fourth) moon in the year 621 before our era. He fled from his father’s

palace to become an ascetic on the night of the 8th day of the second moon, 597

BC., and having passed six years in ascetic meditation at Gaya, and perceiving

that physical self-torture was useless to bring enlightenment, be decided upon

striking out a new path, until he reached the state of


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Bodhi. He became a full Buddha on the night of the 8th day of the twelfth moon,

in the year 592, and finally entered Nirvâna in the year 543 according to

Southern Buddhism. The Orientalists, however, have decided upon several other

dates. All the rest is allegorical. He attained the state of Bodhisattva on

earth when in the personality called Prabhâpala. Tushita stands for a place on

this globe, not for a paradise in the invisible regions. The selection of the

Sâkya family and his mother Mâyâ, as “the purest on earth,” is in accordance

with the model of the nativity of every Saviour, God or deified Reformer. The

tale about his entering his mother’s bosom in the shape of a white elephant is

an allusion to his innate wisdom, the elephant of that colour being a symbol of

every Bodhisattva. The statements that at Gautama’s birth, the newly born babe

walked seven steps in four directions, that an Udumbara flower bloomed in all

its rare beauty and that the Nâga kings forthwith proceeded ‘‘to baptise him ”,

are all so many allegories in the phraseology of the Initiates and

well-understood by every Eastern Occultist. The whole events of his noble life

are given in occult numbers, and every so-called miraculous event—so deplored by

Orientalists as confusing the narrative and making it impossible to extricate

truth from fiction—is simply the allegorical veiling of the truth, it is as

comprehensible to an Occultist learned in symbolism, as it is difficult to

understand for a European scholar ignorant of Occultism. Every detail of the

narrative after his death and before cremation is a chapter of facts written in

a language which must be studied before it is understood, otherwise its dead

letter will lead one into absurd contradictions. For instance, having reminded

his disciples of the immortality of Dharmakâya Buddha is said to have passed

into Samâdhi, and lost himself in Nirvâna—from which none can return., and yet,

notwithstanding this, the Buddha is shown bursting open the lid of the coffin,

and stepping out of it ; saluting with folded hands his mother Mâyâ who had

suddenly appeared in the air, though she had died seven (days after his birth,

&c., &c. As Buddha. was a Chakravartti (he who turns the wheel of the Law), his

body at its cremation could not be consumed by common fire. What happens

Suddenly a jet of flame burst out of the Swastica on his breast, and reduced his

body to ashes. Space prevents giving more instances. As to his being one of the

true and undeniable Saviours of the World, suffice it to say that the most rabid

orthodox missionary, unless he is hopelessly insane, or has not the least regard

even for historical truth, cannot find one smallest accusation against the life

and personal character of Gautama, the “Buddha”. Without any claim to divinity,

allowing his followers to fall into atheism, rather than into the degrading

superstition of deva or idol-worship, his walk in life is from the beginning to

the end, holy and


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divine. During the years of his mission it is blameless and pure as that of a

god—or as the latter should be. He is a perfect example of a divine, godly man.

He reached Buddhaship—i.e., complete enlightenment—entirely by his own merit and

owing to his own individual exertions, no god being supposed to have any

personal merit in the exercise of goodness and holiness. Esoteric teachings

claim that he renounced Nirvâna and gave up the Dharmakâya vesture to remain a

“Buddha of compassion” within the reach of the miseries of this world. And the

religious philosophy he left to it has produced for over 2,000 years generations

of good and unselfish men. His is the only absolutely bloodless religion among

all the existing religions tolerant and liberal, teaching universal compassion

and charity, love and self-sacrifice, poverty and contentment with one’s lot,

whatever it may he. No persecutions, and enforcement of faith by fire and sword,

have ever disgraced it. No thunder-and-lightning-vomiting god has interfered

with its chaste commandments; and if the simple, humane and philosophical code

of daily life left to us by the greatest Man-Reformer ever known, should ever

come to he adopted by mankind at large, then indeed an era of bliss and peace

would dawn on Humanity.

 

Buddhachhâyâ (Sk.). Lit., “the shadow of Buddha”. It is said to become visible

at certain great events, and during some imposing ceremonies performed at

Temples in commemoration of glorious acts of Buddhas life. Hiouen-tseng, the

Chinese traveller, names a certain cave where it occasionally appears on the

wall, but adds that only he whose mind is perfectly pure”, can see it.

 

Buddhaphala (Sk) Lit., “the fruit of Buddha”, the fruition of Arahattvaphalla,

or Arhatship.

 

Buddhi (Sk.). Universal Soul or Mind. Mahâbuddhi is a name of Mahat (see

“Alaya”); also the spiritual Soul in man (the sixth principle), the vehicle of

Atmâ exoterically the seventh.

 

Buddhism. Buddhism is now split into two distinct Churches : the Southern and

the Northern Church. The former is said to be the purer form, as having

preserved more religiously the original teachings of the Lord Buddha. It is the

religion of Ceylon, Siam, Burmah and other places, while Northern Buddhism is

confined to Tibet, China and Nepaul. Such a distinction, however, is incorrect.

If the Southern Church is nearer, in that it has not departed, except perhaps in

some trifling dogmas due to the many councils held after the death of the

Master, from the public or exoteric teachings of Sâkyamuni—the Northern Church

is the outcome of Siddhârta Buddha’s esoteric teachings which he confined to his

elect Bhikshus and Arhats. In fact, Buddhism in the present age, cannot he

justly judged either by one or


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the other of its exoteric popular forms. Real Buddhism can be appreciated only

by blending the philosophy of the Southern Church and the metaphysics of the

Northern Schools. If one seems too iconoclastic and stero:, and the other too

metaphysical and transcendental, even to being overgrown with the weeds of

Indian exotericism—many of the gods of its Pantheon having been transplanted

under new names to Tibetan soil—it is entirely due to the popular expression of

Buddhism in both Churches. Correspondentially they stand in their relation to

each other as Protestantism to Roman Catholicism. Both err by an excess of zeal

and erroneous interpretations, though neither the Southern nor the Northern

Buddhist clergy have ever departed from truth consciously, still less have they

acted under the dictates of priestocracy, ambition, or with an eye to personal

gain and power, as the two Christian Churches have.

 

Buddhochinga (Sk) The name of a great Indian Arhat who went to China in the 4th

century to propagate Buddhism and converted masses of people by means of

miracles and most wonderful magic feats.

 

Budha (Sk. “The Wise and Intelligent”, the Son of Soma, the Moon, and of Rokini

or Taraka, wife of Brihaspati carried away by King Soma, thus leading to the

great war between the Asuras, who sided with the Moon, and the Gods who took the

defence of Brihaspati (Jupiter) who, was their Purohita (family priest). This

war is known as the Tarakamaya. It is the original of the war in Olympus between

the Gods and the Titans and also of the war (in Revelation between Michael

(Indra) and the Dragon (personifying the Asuras).

 

Bull-Worship (See “Apis” ). The worship of the Bull and the Ram was addressed to

one and the same power, that of generative creation, under two aspects— the

celestial or cosmic, and the terrestrial or human. The ram-headed gods all

belong to the latter aspect, the bull—to the former. Osiris to whom the Bull was

sacred, was never regarded as a phallic deity ; neither was Siva with his Bull

Nandi, in spite of the lingham. As Nandi is of a pure milk-white colour, so was

Apis. Both were the emblems of the generative, or of evolutionary power in the

Universal Kosmos. Those who regard the solar gods and the bulls as of a phallic

character, or connect the Sun with it, are mistaken, it is only the lunar gods

and the rams, and lambs, which are priapic, and it little becomes a religion

which, however unconsciously, has still adopted for its worship a god

pre-eminently lunar, and accentuated its choice by the selection of the lamb,

whose sire is the ram, a glyph as pre-eminently phallic, for its most sacred

symbol—to vilify the older religions for using the same symbolism. The worship

of the bull, Apis, Hapi Ankh, or the living Osiris, ceased over 3,000 years ago

the worship of the ram and lamb continues to this day. Mariette Bey discovered

the Serapeum, the


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Necropolis of the Apis-bulls, near Memphis, an imposing subterranean crypt 2,000

feet long and twenty feet wide, containing the mummies of thirty sacred bulls.

If 1,000 years hence, a Roman Catholic Cathedral with the Easter lamb in it,

were discovered under the ashes of Vesuvius or Etna, would future generations be

justified in inferring therefrom that Christians were “lamb” and “dove”

worshippers ? Yet the two symbols would give them as much right in the one case

as in the other. Moreover, not all of the sacred “Bulls” were phallic, i.e.,

males; there were hermaphrodite and sexless “bulls”. The black bull Mnevis, the

son of Ptah, was sacred to the God Ra at Heliopolis; the Pacis of Hermonthis—to

Amoun Horus, &c., &c., and Apis himself was a hermaphodite and not a male

animal, which shows his cosmic character. As well call the Taurus of the Zodiac

and all Nature phallic.

 

Bumapa (Tib.). A school of men, usually a college of mystic students.

 

Bunda-hish. An old Eastern work in which among other things anthropology is

treated in an allegorical fashion.

 

Burham-i-Kati. A Hermetic Eastern work.

 

Burî (Scand) “The producer”, the Son of Bestla, in Norse legends.

 

Buru Bonga. The “Spirit of the Hills”. This Dryadic deity is worshipped by the

Kolarian tribes of Central India with great ceremonies and magical display.

There are mysteries connected with it, but the people are very jealous and will

admit no stranger to their rites.

 

Busardier. A Hermetic philosopher born in Bohemia who is credited with having

made a genuine powder of projection. He left the bulk of his red powder to a

friend named Richthausen, an adept and alchemist of Vienna. Some years after

 

Busardier’s death, in 1637, Richthausen introduced himself to the Emperor

Ferdinand III, who is known to have been ardently devoted to alchemy, and

together they are said to have converted three pounds of mercury into the finest

gold with one single grain of Busardier’s powder. In 1658 the Elector of Mayence

also was permitted to test the powder, and the gold produced with it was

declared by the Master of the Mint to be such, that he had never seen finer.

Such are the claims vouchsafed by the city records and chronicles.

 

Butler. An English name assumed by an adept, a disciple of some Eastern Sages,

of whom many fanciful stories are current. It is said for instance, that Butler

was captured during his travels in 1629, and sold into captivity. He became the

slave of an Arabian philosopher, a great alchemist, and finally escaped, robbing

his Master of a large quantity of red powder. According to more trustworthy

records, only the last portion of this story is true. Adepts who can be robbed

without


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knowing it would be unworthy of the name. Butler or rather the person who

assumed this name, robbed his “Master” (whose free disciple he was) of the

secret of transmutation, and abused of his knowledge—i.e., sought to turn it to

 

his personal profit, but was speedily punished for it. After performing many

wonderful cures by means of his “stone (i.e., the occult knowledge of an

initiated adept), and producing extraordinary phenomena, to some of which Val

Helmont, the famous Occultist and Rosicrucian, was witness, not for the benefit

of men but his own vain glory, Butler was imprisoned in the Castle of Viloord,

in Flanders, and passed almost the whole of his life in confinement. He lost his

powers and died miserable and unknown. Such is the fate of every Occultist who

abuses his power or desecrates the sacred science.

 

Bythos (Gr.). A Gnostic term meaning “Depth” or the “great Deep”, Chaos. It is

equivalent to space, before anything had formed itself in it from the primordial

atoms that exist eternally in its spatial depths, according to the teachings of

Occultism.

                                                                                

                                                                                 

  

C


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C.—The third letter of the English alphabet, which has no equivalent in Hebrew

except Caph, which see under K.

 

Cabar Zio (Gnost.). “The mighty Lord of Splendour” (Codex Nazaraeus), they who

procreate seven beneficent lives, “who shine in their own form and light” to

counteract the influence of the seven “badly-disposed” stellars or principles.

These are the progeny of Karabtanos, the personification of concupiscence and

matter. The latter are the seven physical planets, the former, their genii or

Rulers.

 

Cabeiri or Kabiri (Phœn) Deities, held in the highest veneration at Thebes, in

Lemnos, Phrygia, Macedonia, and especially at Samothrace. They were mystery

gods, no profane having the right to name or speak of them. Herodotus makes of

them Fire-gods and points to Vulcan as their father. The Kabiri presided over

the Mysteries, and their real number has never been revealed, their occult

meaning being very sacred.

 

Cabletow (Mas.). A Masonic term for a certain object used in the Lodges. Its

origin lies in the thread of the Brahman ascetics, a thread which is also used

for magical purposes in Tibet.

 

Cadmus (Gr.). The supposed inventor of the letters of the alphabet. He may have

been their originator and teacher in Europe and Asia Minor; but in India the

letters were known and used by the Initiates ages before him.

 

Caduceus (Gr.). The Greek poets and mythologists took the idea of the Caduceus

of Mercury from the Egyptians. The Caduceus is found as two serpents twisted

round a rod, on Egyptian monuments built before Osiris. The Greeks altered this.

We find it again in the hands of Æsculapius assuming a different form to the

wand of Mercurius or Hermes. It is a cosmic, sidereal or astronomical, as well

as a spiritual and even physiological symbol, its significance changing with its

application. Metaphysically, the Caduceus represents the fall of primeval and

primordial matter into gross terrestrial matter, the one Reality becoming

Illusion. (See Sect.Doct. I. 550.) Astronomically, the head and tail represent

the points of the ecliptic where the planets and even the sun and moon meet in

close embrace. Physiologically, it is the symbol of the restoration of the

equilibrium lost between Life, as a unit, and the currents of life performing

various functions in the human body.

 
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Cæsar. A far-famed astrologer and “professor of magic,” i.e., an Occultist,

during the reign of Henry IV of France. “He was reputed to have been strangled

by the devil in 1611,” as Brother Kenneth Mackenzie tells us.

 

Cagliostro. A famous Adept, whose real name is claimed (by his enemies) to have

been Joseph Balsamo. He was a native of Palermo, and studied under some

mysterious foreigner of whom little has been ascertained. His accepted history

is too well known to need repetition, and his real history has never been told.

His fate was that of every human being who proves that he knows more than do his

fellow- creatures; he was “stoned to death” by persecutions, lies, and infamous

accusations, and yet he was the friend and adviser of the highest and mightiest

of every land he visited. He was finally tried and sentenced in Rome as a

heretic, and was said to have died during his confinement in a State prison.

(See “ Mesmer”.) Yet his end was not utterly undeserved, as he had been untrue

to his vows in some respects, had fallen from his state of chastity and yielded

to ambition and selfishness.

 

Cain or Kayn (Heb.) In Esoteric symbology he is said to be identical with

Jehovah or the “Lord God” of the fourth chapter of Genesis. It is held,

moreover, that Abel is not his brother, but his female aspect.

(See Sec.Doct., sub voce.)

 

Calvary Cross. This form of cross does not date from Christianity. It was known

and used for mystical purposes, thousands of years before our era. It formed

part and parcel of the various Rituals, in Egypt and Greece, in Babylon and

India, as well as in China, Mexico, and Peru. It is a cosmic, as well as a

physiological (or phallic) symbol. That it existed among all the “heathen”

nations is testified to by Tertullian. “How doth the Athenian Minerva differ

from the body of a cross?” he queries. “The origin of your gods is derived from

figures moulded on a cross. All those rows of images on your standards are the

appendages of crosses; those hangings on your banners are the robes of crosses.”

And the fiery champion was right. The tau or T is the most ancient of all forms,

and the cross or the tat (q.v.) as ancient. The crux ansata, the cross with a

handle, is in the hands of almost every god, including Baal and the Phœnician

Astarte. The croix cramponnée is the Indian Swastica. It has been exhumed from

the lowest foundations of the ancient site of Troy, and it appears on Etruscan

and Chaldean relics of antiquity. As Mrs. Jamieson shows: “The ankh of Egypt was

the crutch of St. Anthony and the cross of St. Philip. The Labarum of

Constantine . . . was an emblem long before, in Etruria. Osiris had the Labarum

for his sign; Horus appears sometimes with the long Latin cross. The Greek

pectoral cross is Egyptian. It was called by


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the Fathers the devil’s invention before Christ . The crux ansata is upon the

old coins of Tarsus, as the Maltese upon the breast of an Assyrian king ...The

cross of Calvary, so common in Europe, occurs on the breasts of mummies. . . it

was suspended round the necks of sacred Serpents in Egypt. . . . Strange Asiatic

tribes bringing tribute in Egypt are noticed with garments studded with crosses,

and Sir Gardner Wilkinson dates this picture B.C. 1500.” Finally, “Typhon, the

Evil One, is chained by a cross”.

(Eg. Belief and Mod. Thought).

 

Campanella, Tomaso. A Calabrese, born in 1568, who, from his childhood exhibited

strange powers, and gave himself up during his whole life to the Occult Arts.

The story which shows him initiated in his boyhood into the secrets of alchemy

and thoroughly instructed in the secret science by a Rabbi-Kabbalist in a

fortnight by means of notavicon, is a cock and bull invention. Occult knowledge,

even when a heirloom from the preceding birth, does not come back into a new

personality within fifteen days. He became an opponent of the Aristotelian

materialistic philosophy when at Naples and was obliged to fly for his life.

Later, the Inquisition sought to try and condemn him for the practice of magic

arts, but its efforts were defeated. During his lifetime he wrote an enormous

quantity of magical, astrological and alchemical works, most of which are no

longer extant. He is reported to have died in the convent of the Jacobins at

Paris on May the 21st, 1639.

 

Canarese. The language of the Karnatic, originally called Kanara, one of the

divisions of South India.

 

Capricornus (Lat.) The 10th sign of the Zodiac (Makâra in Sanskrit), considered,

on account of its hidden meaning, the most important among the constellations of

the mysterious Zodiac. it is fully described in the Secret Doctrine, and

therefore needs but a few words more. Whether, agreeably with exoteric

statements, Capricornus was related in any way to the wet-nurse Amalthæa who fed

Jupiter with her milk, or whether it was the god Pan who changed himself into a

goat and left his impress upon the sidereal records, matters little. Each of the

fables has its significance. Everything in Nature is intimately correlated to

the rest, and therefore the students of ancient lore will not be too much

surprised when told that even the seven steps taken in the direction of every

one of the four points of the compass, or —28 steps—taken by the new-born infant

Buddha, are closely related to the 28 stars of the constellation of Capricornus.

 

 

Cardan, Jérome. An astrologer, alchemist, kabbalist and mystic, well known in

literature. He was born at Pavia in 1501, and died at Rome in 1576.


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Carnac. A very ancient site in Brittany (France) of a temple of cyclopean

structure, sacred to the Sun and the Dragon; and of the same kind as Karnac, in

ancient Egypt, and Stonehenge in England. (See the “Origin of the Satanic Myth”

in Archaic Symbolism.) It was built by the prehistoric hierophant-priests of the

Solar Dragon, or symbolized Wisdom (the Solar Kumâras who incarnated being the

highest). Each of the stones was personally placed there by the successive

priest-adepts in power, and commemorated in symbolic language the degree of

power, status, and knowledge of each. (See further Secret Doctrine II. 381, et

seq., and also “ Karnac”.)

 

Caste. Originally the system of the four hereditary classes into which the

Indian population was divided: Brahman, Kshatriya, Vaisya, and Sudra (or

descendants of Brahmâ, Warriors, Merchants, and the lowest or Agriculturalists).

Besides these original four, hundreds have now grown up in India.

 

Causal Body. This “body”, which is no body either objective or subjective, but

Buddhi, the Spiritual Soul, is so called because it is the direct cause of the

Sushupti condition, leading to the Turya state, the highest state of Samadhi. It

is called Karanopadhi, “the basis of the Cause”, by the Târaka Raja Yogis; and

in the Vedânta system it corresponds to both the Vignânamaya and Anandamaya

Kosha, the latter coming next to Atma, and therefore being the vehicle of the

universal Spirit. Buddhi alone could not be called a “Causal Body ”, but becomes

so in conjunction with Manas, the incarnating Entity or EGO.

 

Cazotte, Jacques. The wonderful Seer, who predicted the beheading of several

royal personages and his own decapitation, at a gay supper some time before the

first Revolution in France. He was born at Dijon in 1720, and studied mystic

philosophy in the school of Martinez Pasqualis at Lyons. On the 11th of

September 1791, he was arrested and condemned to death by the president of the

revolutionary government, a man who, shameful to state, had been his

fellow-student and a member of the Mystic Lodge of Pasqualis at Lyons. Cazotte

was executed on the 25th of September on the Place du Carrousel.

 

Cecco d’Ascolî. Surnamed “Francesco Stabili.” He lived in the thirteenth

century, and was considered the most famous astrologer in his day. A work of his

published at Basle in 1485, and called Commentarii in Sphaeram Joannis de

Sacrabosco, is still extant. He was burnt alive by the Inquisition in 1327.

 

Cerberus (Gr., Lat.). Cerberus, the three-headed canine monster, which was

supposed to watch at the threshold of Hades, came to the Greeks and Romans from

Egypt. It was the monster, half-dog and


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half-hippopotamus, that guarded the gates of Amenti. The mother of Cerberus was

Echidna—a being, half-woman, half-serpent, much honoured in Etruria. Both the

Egyptian and the Greek Cerberus are symbols of Kâmaloka and its uncouth

monsters, the cast-off shells of mortals.

 

Ceres (Lat.) In Greek Demeter. As the female aspect of Pater Æther, Jupiter, she

is esoterically the productive principle in the all-pervading Spirit that

quickens every germ in the material universe.

 

Chabrat Zereh Aur Bokher (Heb.) An Order of the Rosicrucian stock, whose members

study the Kabbalah and Hermetic sciences; it admits both sexes, and has many

grades of instruction. The members meet in private, and the very existence of

the Order is generally unknown. [ w.w.w.]

 

Chadâyatana (Sk.). Lit., the six dwellings or gates in man for the reception of

sensations; thus, on the physical plane, the eyes, nose, ear, tongue, body (or

touch) and mind, as a product of the physical brain and on the mental plane

(esoterically), spiritual sight, smell, hearing, taste, touch and perception,

the whole synthesized by the Buddhi-atmic element. Chadâyatana is one of the 12 

Nidânas, which form the chain of incessant causation and effect.

 

Chaitanya (Sk) The founder of a mystical sect in India. A rather modern sage,

believed to be an avatar of Krishna.

 

Chakna-padma-karpo (Tib.) “He who holds the lotus”, used of Chenresi, the

Bodhisattva. It is not a genuine Tibetan word, but half Sanskrit.

 

Chakra (Sk.) A wheel, a disk, or the circle of Vishnu generally. Used also of a

cycle of time, and with other meanings.

 

Chakshub (Sk.) The “eye ”. Loka-chakshub or “the eye of the world” is a title of

the Sun.

 

Chaldean Book of Numbers. A work which contains all that is found in the Zohar

of Simeon Ben-Jochai, and much more. It must be the older by many centuries, and

in one sense its original, as it contains all the fundamental principles taught

in the Jewish Kabbalistic works, but none of their blinds. It is very rare

indeed, there being perhaps only two or three copies extant, and these in

private hands.

 

Chaldeans, or Kasdim. At first a tribe, then a caste of learned Kabbalists. They

were the savants, the magians of Babylonia, astrologers and diviners. The famous

Hillel, the precursor of Jesus in philosophy and in ethics, was a Chaldean.

Franck in his Kabbala points to the close resemblance of the “secret doctrine”

found in the Avesta and the religious metaphysics of the Chaldees.


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Chandra (Sk.) The Moon; also a deity. The terms Chandra and Soma are synonyms.

 

Chandragupta (Sk.) The first Buddhist King in India, the grand-sire of Asoka ;

the Sandracottus of the all-bungling Greek writers who went to India in

Alexander’s time. (See “Asoka”.)

 

Chandra-kanta (Sk.) “The moon-stone”, a gem that is claimed to be formed and

developed under the moon-beams, which give it occult and magical properties. It

has a very cooling influence in fever if applied to both temples.

 

Chandramanam (Sk.) The method of calculating time by the Moon.

 

Chandrayana (Sk.) The lunar year chronology.

 

Chandra-vansa (Sk.) The “Lunar Race”, in contradistinction to Suryavansa, the

“Solar Race”. Some Orientalists think it an inconsistency that Krishna, a

Chandravansa (of the Yadu branch) should have been declared an Avatar of Vishnu,

who is a manifestation of the solar energy in Rig -Veda, a work of unsurpassed

authority with the Brahmans. This shows, however, the deep occult meaning of the

Avatar ; a meaning which only esoteric philosophy can explain. A glossary is no

fit place for such explanations; but it may be useful to remind those who know,

and teach those who do not, that in Occultism, man is called a solar-lunar

being, solar in his higher triad, and lunar in his quaternary. Moreover, it is

the Sun who imparts his light to the Moon, in the same way as the human triad

sheds its divine light on the mortal shell of sinful man. Life celestial

quickens life terrestrial. Krishna stands metaphysically for the Ego made one

with Atma-Buddhi, and performs mystically the same function as the Christos of

the Gnostics, both being “the inner god in the temple”—man. Lucifer is “the

bright morning star”, a well known symbol in Revelations, and, as a planet,

corresponds to the EGO. Now Lucifer (or the planet Venus) is the Sukra-Usanas of

the Hindus ; and Usanas is the Daitya-guru, i.e., the spiritual guide and

instructor of the Danavas and the Daityas. The latter are the giant-demons in

the Purânas, and in the esoteric interpretations, the antetypal symbol of the

man of flesh, physical mankind. The Daityas can raise themselves, it is said,

through knowledge “austerities and devotion” to “the rank of the gods and of the

ABSOLUTE”. All this is very suggestive in the legend of Krishna ; and what is

more suggestive still is that just as Krishna, the Avatar of a great God in

India, is of time race of Yadu, so is another incarnation, “God incarnate

himself”—or the “God-man Christ”, also of the race Iadoo—the name for the Jews

all over Asia. Moreover, as his mother, who is represented as Queen of Heaven

standing on the crescent, is identified in Gnostic philosophy, and


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also in the esoteric system, with the Moon herself, like all the other lunar

goddesses such as Isis, Diana, Astarte and others—mothers of the Logoi, so

Christ is called repeatedly in the Roman Catholic Church, the Sun-Christ, the

Christ-Soleil and so on. If the later is a metaphor so also is the earlier.

 

Chantong (Tib.) “He of the 1,000 Eyes”, a name of Padmapani or Chenresi

(Avalokitesvara).

 

Chaos (Gr.) The Abyss, the “Great Deep”. It was personified in Egypt by the

Goddess Neїth, anterior to all gods. As Deveria says, “the only God, without

form and sex, who gave birth to itself, and without fecundation, is adored under

the form of a Virgin Mother”. She is the vulture-headed Goddess found in the

oldest period of Abydos, who belongs, accordingly to Mariette Bey, to the first

Dynasty, which would make her, even on the confession of the time-dwarfing

Orientalists, about 7,000 years old. As Mr. Bonwick tells us in his excellent

work on Egyptian belief—“Neїth, Nut, Nepte, Nuk (her names as variously read !)

is a philosophical conception worthy of the nineteenth century after the

Christian era, rather than the thirty-ninth before it or earlier than that”. And

he adds: “ Neith or Nout is neither more nor less than the Great Mother, a yet

the Immaculate Virgin, or female God from whom all things proceeded”. Neїth is

the

“Father-mother” of the Stanzas of the Secret Doctrine, the Swabhavat of the

Northern Buddhists, the immaculate Mother indeed, the prototype of the latest

“Virgin” of all; for, as Sharpe says, “the Feast of Candlemas—in honour of the

goddess Neїth— is yet marked in our Almanacs as Candlemas day, or the

Purification of the Virgin Mary”; and Beauregard tells us of “the Immaculate

Conception of the Virgin, who can henceforth, as well as the Egyptian Minerva,

the mysterious Neїth, boast of having come from herself, and of having given

birth to God”. He who would deny the working of cycles and the recurrence of

events, let him read what Neїth was years ago, in the conception of the Egyptian

Initiates, trying to popularize a philosophy too abstract for the masses; and

then remember the subjects of dispute at the Council of Ephesus in 431, when

Mary was declared Mother of God; and her Immaculate Conception forced on the

World as by command of God, by Pope and Council in 1858. Neїth is Swabhdvat and

also the Vedic Aditi and the Purânic Akâsa, for “she is not only the celestial

vault, or ether, but is made to appear in a tree, from which she gives the fruit

of the Tree of Life (like another Eve) or pours upon her worshippers some of the

divine water of life”. Hence she gained the favourite appellation of “Lady of

the Sycamore”, an epithet applied to another Virgin (Bonwick). The resemblance

becomes still more marked when Neїth is found on old pictures represented as a

Mother embracing


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the ram-headed god, the “Lamb”. An ancient stele declares her to be “Neut, the

luminous, who has engendered the gods”—the Sun included, for Aditi is the mother

of the Marttanda, the Sun—an Aditya. She is Naus, the celestial ship ; hence we

find her on the prow of the Egyptian vessels, like Dido on the prow of the ships

of the Phœnician mariners, and forth with we have the Virgin Mary, from Mar, the

“Sea”, called the “Virgin of the Sea”, and the “Lady Patroness” of all Roman

Catholic seamen. The Rev. Sayce is quoted by Bonwick, explaining her as a

principle in the Babylonian Bahu (Chaos, or confusion) i.e., “merely the Chaos

of Genesis . . . and perhaps also Môt, the primitive substance that was the

mother of all the gods”. Nebuchadnezzar seems to have been in the mind of the

learned professor, since he left the following witness in cuneiform language, “I

built a temple to the Great Goddess, my Mother”. We may close with the words of

Mr. Bonwick with which we thoroughly agree “She (Neїth) is the Zerouâna of the

Avesta, ‘time without limits’. She is the Nerfe of the Etruscans, half a woman

and half a fish” (whence the connection of the Virgin Mary with the fish and

pisces) ; of whom it is said: “From holy good Nerfe the navigation is happy. She

is the Bythos of the Gnostics, the One of the Neoplatonists, the All of German

metaphysicians, the Anaita of Assyria.”

 

Charaka (Sk.). A writer on Medicine who lived in Vedic times. He is believed to

have been an incarnation (Avatara) of the Serpent Sesha, i.e., an embodiment of

divine Wisdom, since Sesha-Naga, the King of the “Serpent” race, is synonymous

with Ananta, the seven-headed Serpent, on which Vishnu sleeps during the

pralayas. Ananta is the “endless” and the symbol of eternity, and as such, one

with Space, while Sesha is only periodical in his manifestations. Hence while

Vishnu is identified with Ananta, Charaka is only the Avatar of Sesha. (See

“Ananta” and “Sesha”.)

 

Charnook, Thomas. A great alchemist of the sixteenth century; a surgeon who

lived and practiced near Salisbury, studying the art in some neighbouring

cloisters with a priest. It is said that he was initiated into the final secret

of transmutation by the famous mystic William Bird, who “had been a prior of

Bath and defrayed the expense of repairing the Abbey Church from the gold which

he made by the red and white elixirs” (Royal Mas. Cyc.). Charnock wrote his

Breviary of Philosophy in the year 1557 and the Enigma of Alchemy, in 1574.

 

Charon (Gr.) The Egyptian Khu-en-ua, the hawk-headed Steersman of the boat

 

conveying the Souls across the black waters that separate life from death.

Charon, the Sun of Erebus and Nox, is a variant of Khu en-ua. The dead were

obliged to pay an obolus, a small piece of money, o this grim ferryman of the

Styx and Acheron; therefore the ancients


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always placed a coin under the tongue of the deceased. This custom has been

preserved in our own times, for most of the lower classes in Russia place

coppers in the coffin under the head of the dead for post mortem expenses.

 

Châryâka (Sk.) There were two famous beings of this name. One a Rakshasa (demon)

who disguised himself as a Brâhman and entered Hastinâ-pura; whereupon the

Brahmans discovered the imposture and reduced Châryâka to ashes with the fire of

their eyes,—i.e., magnetically by means of what is called in Occultism the

“black glance” or evil eye. The second was a terrible materialist and denier of

all but matter, who if he could come back to life, would put to shame all the

“Free thinkers” and “Agnostics” of the day. He lived before the Râmâyanic

period, but his teachings and school have survived to this day, and he has even

now followers, who are mostly to be found in Bengal.

 

Chastanier, Benedict. A French mason who established in London in 1767 a Lodge

called

“The Illuminated Theosophists”.

 

Chatur mukha (Sk) The “four-faced one”, a title of Brahmâ.

 

Chatur varna (Sk.) The four castes (lit., colours).

 

Châturdasa Bhuvanam (Sk.) The fourteen lokas or planes of existence.

Esoterically, the dual seven states.

 

Chaturyonî (Sk.) Written also tchatur-yoni. The same as Karmaya or “the four

modes of birth”—four ways of entering on the path of Birth as decided by Karma :

(a) birth from the womb, as men and mammalia (b) birth from an egg, as birds and

reptiles; (c) from moisture and air-germs, as insects; and (d) by sudden

self-transformation, as Bodhisattvas and Gods (Anupadaka).

 

Chava (Heb.) The same as Eve: “the Mother of all that lives”  "Life"

 

Chavigny, Jean Aimé de. A disciple of the world-famous Nostradamus, an

astrologer and an alchemist of the sixteenth century. He died in the year 16O4.

His life was a very quiet one and he was almost unknown to his contemporaries;

but he left a precious manuscript on the pre-natal and post-natal influence of

the stars on certain marked individuals, a secret revealed to him by

Nostradamus. This treatise was last in the possession of the Emperor Alexander

of Russia.

 

Chelâ (Sk.) A disciple, the pupil of a Guru or Sage, the follower of some adept

of a school of philosophy (lit., child).

 

Chemi (Eg.). The ancient name of Egypt.

 

Chenresi (Tib.) The Tibetan Avalokitesvara. The Bodhisattva Padmâpani, a divine

Buddha.


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Cheru (Scand) Or Heru. A magic sword, a weapon of the “sword god” Heru. In the

Edda, the Saga describes it as destroying its possessor, should he be unworthy

of wielding it. It brings victory and fame only in the hand of a virtuous hero.

 

Cherubim (Heb.) According to the Kabbalists, a group of angels, which they

specially associated with the Sephira Jesod. in Christian teaching, an order of

angels who are “watchers”. Genesis places Cherubim to guard the lost Eden, and

the O.T. frequently refers to them as guardians of the divine glory. Two winged

representations in gold were placed over the Ark of the Covenant; colossal

figures of the same were also placed in the Sanctum Sanctorum of the Temple of

Solomon. Ezekiel describes them in poetic language. Each Cherub appears to have

been a compound figure with four faces—of a man, eagle, lion, and ox, and was

certainly winged. Parkhurst, in voc. Cherub, suggests that the derivation of the

word is from K, a particle of similitude, and RB or RUB, greatness, master,

majesty, and so an image of godhead. Many other nations have displayed similar

figures as symbols of deity ; e.g., the Egyptians in their figures of Serapis.

as Macrohius describes in his Saturnalia; the Greeks had their triple-headed

Hecate, and the Latins had three-faced images of Diana, as Ovid tells us, ecce

procul ternis Hecate variata figuris. Virgil also describes her in the fourth

Book of the Æneid. Porphyry and Eusebius write the same of Proserpine. The

Vandals had a many-headed deity they called Triglaf. The ancient German races

had an idol Rodigast with human body and heads of the ox, eagle, and man. The

Persians have some figures of Mithras with a man’s body, lion’s head, and four

wings. Add to these the Chimæra Sphinx of Egypt, Moloch, Astarte of the Syrians,

and some figures of Isis with Bull’s horns and feathers of a bird on the head. [

w.w.w.]

 

Chesed (Heb.) “Mercy ”, also named Gedulah, the fourth of the ten Sephiroth; a

masculine or active potency. [ w.w. w.]

 

Chhâyâ (Sk.) “Shade” or “ Shadow”. The name of a creature produced by Sanjnâ,

the wife of Surya, from herself (astral body). Unable to endure the ardour of

her husband, Sanjnâ left Chhâyâ in her place as a wife, going herself away to

perform austerities. Chhâyâ is the astral image of a person in esoteric

philosophy.

 

Chhandoga (Sk)  A Samhitâ collection of Sama Veda; also a priest, a chanter of

the Sama Veda.

 

Chhanmûka (Sk)  A great Bodhisattva with the Northern Buddhists, famous for his

ardent love of Humanity; regarded in the esoteric schools as a Nirmanakâya.


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Chhannagarikah (Tib.). Lit., the school of six cities. A famous philosophical

school where Chelas are prepared before entering on the Path.

 

Chhassidi or Chasdim. In the Septuagint Assidai, and in English Assideans. They

are also mentioned in Maccabees I., vii., 13, as being put to death with many

others. They were the followers of Mattathias, the father of the Maccabeans, and

were all initiated mystics, or Jewish adepts. The word means ‘‘ skilled learned

in all wisdom, human and divine”. Mackenzie (R.M.C.) regards them as the

guardians of the Temple for the preservation of its purity ; but as Solomon and

his Temple are both allegorical and had no real existence, the Temple means in

this case the “ body of Israel ” and its morality.“ Scaliger connects this

Society of the Assideans with that of the Essenes, deeming it the predecessor of

the latter.”

 

Chhaya loka (Sk.) The world of Shades; like Hades, the world of the Eidola and

Umbræ. We call it Kâmaloka.

 

Chiah (Heb.) Life; Vita, Revivificatio. In the Kabbala, the second highest

essence of the human soul, corresponding to Chokmah (Wisdom).

 

Chichhakti (Sk.) Chih-Sakti; the power which generates thought.

 

Chidagnikundum (Sk.). Lit., “the fire-hearth in the heart” ; the seat of the

force which extinguishes all individual desires.

 

Chidâkâsam (Sk); The field, or basis of consciousness.

 

Chiffilet, Jean. A Canon-Kabbalist of the XVIIth century, reputed to have

learned a key to the Gnostic works from Coptic Initiates; he wrote a work on

Abraxas in two portions, the esoteric portion of which was burnt by the Church.

 

Chiim (Heb.) A plural noun—“lives”; found in compound names Elohim Chum, the

gods of lives, Parkhurst translates “the living God” and Ruach Chiim, Spirit of

lives or of life. [ w.w. w.]

 

China, The Kabbalah of. One of the oldest known Chinese books is the Yih King,

or Book of Changes. It is reported to have been written 2850 B.C., in the

dialect of the Accadian black races of Mesopotamia. It is a most abstruse system

of Mental and Moral Philosophy, with a scheme of universal relation and

divination. Abstract ideas are represented by lines, half lines, circle, and

points. Thus a circle represents YIH, the Great Supreme; a line is referred to

YIN, the Masculine Active Potency; two half lines are YANG, the Feminine Passive

Potency. KWEI is the animal soul, SHAN intellect, KHIEN heaven or Father, KHWAN

earth or Mother, KAN or QHIN is Son; male numbers are odd, represented by light

circles, female numbers are even, by black circles. There are two most

mysterious diagrams, one called “HO


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or the River Map”, and also associated with a Horse ; and the other called “The

Writing of LO” ; these are formed of groups of white and black circles, arranged

in a Kabbalistic manner. The text is by a King named Wan, and the commentary by

Kan, his son ; the text is allowed to be older than the time of Confucius. [ w.

w.w.]

 

Chit (Sk.) Abstract Consciousness.

 

Chitanuth our (Heb.). Chitons, a priestly garb; the coats of skin given by Java

Aleim to Adam and Eve after their fall,

 

 

Chitkala (Sk.). In Esoteric philosophy, identical with the Kumâras those who

first incarnated into the men of the Third Root-Race. (See Sec.Doct.; Vol. 1. p.

288 n.)

 

Chitra Gupta (Sk.) The deva (or god) who is the recorder of Yâma (the god of

death), and who is supposed to read the account of every Soul’s life from a

register called Agra Sandhâni, when the said soul appears before the seat of

judgment. (See “Agra Sandhâni ”.)

 

Chitra Sikkandinas (Sk). The constellation of the great Bear ; the habitat of

the seven Rishis (Sapta Riksha). Lit., “ bright-crested”.

 

Chnoumis (Gr) The same as Chnouphis and Kneph. A symbol of creative force ;

Chnoumis or Kneph is “the unmade and eternal deity” according to Plutarch. He is

represented as blue (ether), and with his ram’s head with an asp between the

horns, he might be taken for Ammon or Chnouphis (.q.v’. ). The fact is that all

these gods are solar, and represent under various aspects the phases of

generation and impregna tion. Their ram’s heads denote this meaning, a ram ever

symbolizing generative energy in the abstract, while the bull was the symbol of

strength and the creative function. All were one god, whose attributes were

individualised and personified. According to Sir G. Wilkinsen, Kneph or Chnoumis

was “the idea of the Spirit of God” ; and Bonwick explains that, as Av, “matter”

or “flesh”, he was criocephalic (ram- headed), wearing a solar disk on the head,

standing on the Serpent Mehen, with a viper in his left and a cross in his right

hand, and bent upon the function of creation in the underworld (the earth,

esoterically). The Kabbalists identify him with “Binah, the third Sephira of the

Sephirothal Tree, or Binah, represented by the Divine name of Jehovah”. If as

Chnoumis-Kneph, he represents the Indian Narayâna, the Spirit of ( moving on the

waters of space, as Eichton or Ether he holds in his mouth an Egg, the symbol of

evolution ; and as Av he is Siva, the Destroyer and the Regenerator ; for, as

Deveria explains:“His Journey to the lower hemispheres appears to symbolize the

evolutions of substances, which are born to die and to be reborn.” Esoterically,

however, and as taught by the Initiates of the inner temple, Chnoumis-Kneph was


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pre-eminently the god of reincarnation. Says an inscription: “I am Chnoumis, Son

of the Universe, 700”, a mystery having a direct reference to the reincarnating

EGO.

 

Chnouphis (Gr.). Nouf in Egyptian. Another aspect of Ammon, and the

personification of his generative power in actu, as Kneph is of the same in

potentia. He is also ram-headed. If in his aspect as Kneph he is the Holy Spirit

with the creative ideation brooding in him, as Chnouphis, he is the angel who

“comes in” into the Virgin soil and flesh. A prayer on a papyrus, translated by

the French Egyptologist Chabas, says; ‘ 0 Sepui, Cause of being, who hast formed

thine own body! 0 only Lord, proceeding from Noum ! 0 divine substance, created

from itself! 0 God, who hast made the substance which is in him! 0 God, who has

made his own father and impregnated his own mother.” This shows the origin of

the Christian doctrines of the Trinity and immaculate conception. He is seen on

a monument seated near a potter’s wheel, and forming men out of clay. The

fig-leaf is sacred to him, which is alone sufficient to prove him a phallic

god—an idea which is carried out by the inscription: “he who made that which is,

the creator of beings, the first existing, he who made to exist all that

exists.” Some see in him the incarnation of Ammon-Ra, but he is the latter

himself in his phallic aspect, for, like Ammon, he is “ his mother’s husband”,

i.e., the male or impregnating side of Nature. His names vary, as Cnouphis,

Noum, Khem, and Khnum or Chnoumis. As he represents the Demiurgos (or Logos)

from the material, lower aspect of the Soul of the World, he is the Agathodæmon,

symbolized sometimes by a Serpent ; and his wife Athor or Maut (Môt mother), or

Sate, “the daughter of the Sun”, carrying an arrow on a sunbeam (the ray of

conception), stretches “mistress over the lower portions of the atmosphere”.

below the constellations, as Neїth expands over the starry heavens. (See

“Chaos”.)

 

Chohan (Tib.) “Lord” or “Master” ; a chief; thus Dhyan-Chohan would answer to

“Chief of the Dhyanis”, or celestial Lights—which in English would he translated

Archangels.

 

Chokmah (Heb) Wisdom; the second of the ten Sephiroth, and the second of the

supernal Triad. A masculine potency corresponding to the Yod (I) of the

Tetragrammaton IHVH, and to Ab, the Father.

[w.w.w.]

 

Chréstos (Gr.) The early Gnostic form of Christ. It was used in the fifth

century B.C. by Æschylus, Herodotus, and others. The Manteumata pythochresta, or

the “oracles delivered by a Pythian god” “through a pythoness, are mentioned by

the former (Choeph.901). Chréstian is not only “the seat of an oracle”, but an

offering to, or for, the oracle.

 
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Chréstés is one who explains oracles, “a prophet and soothsayer”, and

Chrésterios one who serves an oracle or a god. The earliest Christian writer,

Justin Martyr, in his first Apology calls his co-religionists Chréstians. It is

only through ignorance that men call themselves Christians instead of

Chréstians,” says Lactantius (lib. iv., cap. vii.). The terms Christ and

Christians, spelt originally Chrést and Chréstians, were borrowed from the

Temple vocabulary of the Pagans. Chréstos meant in that vocabulary a disciple on

probation, a candidate for hierophantship. When he had attained to this through

initiation, long trials, and suffering, and had been ‘‘anointed’’ (i.e., “rubbed

with oil”, as were Initiates and even idols of the gods, as the last touch of

ritualistic observance), his name was changed into Christos, the “purified”, in

esoteric or mystery language. In mystic symbology, indeed, Christés, or

Christos, meant that the “Way”, the Path, was already trodden and the goal

reached ; when the fruits of the arduous labour, uniting the personality of

evanescent clay with the indestructible INDIVIDUALITY, transformed it thereby

into the immortal EGO. “At the end of the Way stands the Chréstes”, the

Purifier, and the union once accomplished, the Chrestos, the “man of sorrow”,

became Christos himself. Paul, the Initiate, knew this, and meant this

precisely, when he is made to say, in bad translation : ‘‘I travail in birth

again until Christ be formed in you” (Gal. iv.19), the true rendering of which

is . . . ‘‘until ye form the Christos within yourselves” But the profane who

knew only that Chréstés was in some way connected with priest and prophet, and

knew nothing about the hidden meaning of Christos, insisted, as did Lactantius

and Justin Martyr, on being called Chréstians instead of Christians. Every good

individual, therefore, may find Christ in his “inner man” as Paul expresses it

(Ephes. iii. 16,17), whether he be Jew, Mussulman, Hindu, or Christian. Kenneth

Mackenzie seemed to think that the word Chréstos was a synonym of Soter, “an

appellation assigned to deities, great kings and heroes,” indicating

‘‘Saviour,’’—and he was right. For, as he adds:“It has been applied redundantly

to Jesus Christ, whose name Jesus or Joshua bears the same interpretation. The

name Jesus, in fact, is rather a title of honour than a name—the true name of

the Soter of Christianity being Emmanuel, or God with us (Matt.i, 23.).Great

divinities among all nations, who are represented as expiatory or

self-sacrificing, have been designated by the same title.’’ (R. M. Cyclop.) The

Asklepios (or Æsculapius) of the Greeks had the title of Soter.

 

Christian Scientist. A newly-coined term for denoting the practitioners of an

art of healing by will. The name is a misnomer, since Buddhist or Jew, Hindu or

Materialist, can practise this new form of


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Western Yoga, with like success, if he can only guide and control his will with

sufficient firmness. The

“Mental Scientists” are another rival school. These work by a universal denial

of every disease and evil imaginable, and claim syllogistically that since

Universal Spirit cannot be subject to the failings of flesh, and since every

atom is Spirit and in Spirit, and since finally, they—the healers and the

healed—are all absorbed in this Spirit or Deity, there is not, nor can there he,

such a thing as disease. This prevents in no wise both Christian and Mental

Scientists from succumbing to disease, and nursing chronic diseases in their own

bodies just like ordinary mortals.

 

Chthonia (Gr.) Chaotic earth in the Hellenic cosmogony.

 

Chuang. A great Chinese philosopher.

 

Chubilgan (Mongol.) Or Khubilkhan. The same as Chutuktu.

 

Chutuktu (Tib.) An incarnation of Buddha or of some Bodhisattva, as believed in

Tibet, where there are generally five manifesting and two secret Chutuktus among

the high Lamas.

 

Chyuta (Sk.) Means, “the fallen” into generation, as a Kabbalist would say; the

opposite of achyuta, something which is not subject to change or

differentiation; said of deity.

 

Circle. There are several “Circles” with mystic adjectives attached to them.

Thus we have: (1) the

“Decussated or Perfect Circle” of Plato, who shows it decussated in the form of

the letter X ; (2) the

“Circle-dance” of the Amazons, around a Priapic image, the same as the dance of

the Gopis around the Sun (Krishna), the shepherdesses representing the signs of

the Zodiac ; (3) the “Circle of Necessity”

of 3,000 years of the Egyptians and of the Occultists, the duration of the cycle

between rebirths or reincarnations being from 1,000 to 3,000 years on the

average. This will be treated under the term

“Rebirth” or “Reincarnation”.

 

Clairaudience. The faculty, whether innate or acquired by occult training, of

hearing all that is said at whatever distance.

 

Clairvoyance. The faculty of seeing with the inner eye or spiritual sight. As

now used it is a loose and flippant term, embracing under its meaning a happy

guess due to natural shrewdness or intuition, and also that faculty which was so

remarkably exercised by Jacob Boehme and Swedenborg. Real clairvoyance means the

faculty of seeing through the densest matter (the latter disappearing at the

will and before the spiritual eye of the Seer), and irrespective of time (past,

present and future) or distance.

 

Clemens Alexandrinus. A Church Father and a voluminous writer, who had been a

Neo-Platonist and a disciple of Ammonius Saccas. He


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lived between the second and the third centuries of our era, at Alexandria.

 

Cock. A very occult bird, much appreciated in ancient augury and symbolism.

According to the Zohar, the cock crows three times before the death of a person;

and in Russia and all Slavonian countries whenever a person is ill on the

premises where a cock is kept, its crowing is held to be a sign of inevitable

death, unless the bird crows at the hour of midnight, or immediately afterwards,

when its crowing is considered natural. As the cock was sacred to Æsculapius,

and a the latter was called the Soter (Saviour) who raised the dead to life, the

Socratic exclamation “We owe a cock to Æculapius”, just before the Sage’s death,

is very suggestive. As the cock Was always connected in symbology with the Sun

(or solar gods), Death and Resurrection, it has found its appropriate place in

the four Gospels in the prophecy about Peter repudiating his Master before the

cock crowed thrice. The cock is the most magnetic and sensitive of all birds,

hence its Greek name alectruon.

 

Codex Nazaraeus (Lat.) The “Book of Adam”—the latter name meaning anthropos, Man

or Humanity. The Nazarene faith is called sometimes the Bardesanian system,

though Bardesanes (B.C. 155 to 228) does not seem to have had any connection

with it. True, he was born at Edessa in Syria, and was a famous astrologer and

Sabian before his alleged conversion. But he was a well-educated man of noble

family, and would not have used the almost incomprehensible Chaldeo dialect

mixed with the mystery language of the Gnostics, in which the Codex is written.

The sect of the Nazarenes was pre-Christian. Pliny and Josephus speak of the

Nazarites as settled on the banks of the Jordan 150 years B.C. (Ant.Jud. xiii.

p. 9); and Munk says that the “Naziareate was an institution established before

the laws of Musah” or Moses. (Munk p. 169.) Their modern name is in Arabic— El

Mogtasila; in European languages—the

Mendæans or “Christians of St. John”. (See “Baptism”.) But if the term Baptists

may well be applied to them, it is not with the Christian meaning: for while

they were, and still are Sabians, or pure astrolaters, the Mendæans of Syria,

called the Galileans, are pure polytheists, as every traveller in Syria and on

the Euphrates can ascertain, once he acquaints himself with their mysterious

rites and ceremonies. (See Isis Unv. ii. 290, et seq.) So secretly did they

preserve their beliefs from the very beginning, that Epiphanius who wrote

against the Heresies in the14th century confesses himself unable to say what

they believed in (i. 122); he simply states that they never mention the name of

Jesus, nor do they call themselves Christians (loc. cit. 190. Yet it is

undeniable that


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some of the alleged philosophical views and doctrines of Bardesanes are found in

the codex of the Nazarenes. (See Norberg’s Codex Nazaræous or the “Book of

Adam”, and also “Mendæans ”.)

 

Coeur, Jacques. A famous Treasurer of France, born in 1408, who obtained the

office by black magic. He was reputed as a great alchemist and his wealth became

fabulous; but he was soon banished from the country, and retiring to the Island

of Cyprus, died there in 1460, leaving behind enormous wealth, endless legends

and a bad reputation.

 

Coffin-Rite, or Pastos. This was the final rite of Initiation in the Mysteries

in Egypt, Greece and elsewhere. The last and supreme secrets of Occultism could

not be revealed to the Disciple until he had passed through this allegorical

ceremony of Death and Resurrection into new light. “The Greek verb teleutaó,”

says Vronsky, “signifies in the active voice ‘I die’, and in the middle voice ‘I

am initiated”. Stobæus quotes an ancient author, who says, “The mind is affected

in death, just as it is in the initiation into the Mysteries ; and word answers

to word, as well as thing to thing ; for teleutan is ‘ to die ‘, and teleisthai

‘to be initiated’”. And thus, as Mackenzie corroborates, when the Aspirant was

placed in the Pastos, Bed, or Coffin (in India on the lathe, as explained in the

Secret Doctrine), “he was symbolically said to die.”

 

Collanges, Gabriel de. Born in 1524. The best astrologer in the XVlth century

and a still better Kabbalist. He spent a fortune in the unravelling of its

mysteries. It was rumoured that he died through poison administered to him by a

Jewish Rabbin-Kabbalist.

 

College of Rabbis. A college at Babylon; most famous during the early centuries

of Christianity. Its glory, however, was greatly darkened by the appearance in

Alexandria of Hellenic teachers, such as Philo Judæus, Josephus, Aristobulus and

others. The former avenged themselves on their successful rivals by speaking of

the Alexandrians as theurgists and unclean prophets. But the Alexandrian

believers in thaumaturgy were not regarded as sinners or impostors when orthodox

Jews were at the head of such schools of “hazim”. These were colleges for

teaching prophecy and occult sciences. Samuel was the chief of such a college at

Ramah; Elisha at Jericho. Hillel had a regular academy for prophets and seers;

and it is Hillel, a pupil of the Babylonian College, who was the founder of the

Sect of the Pharisees and the great orthodox Rabbis.

 

Collemann, Jean. An Alsatian, born at Orleans, according to K. Mackenzie; other

accounts say he was a Jew, who found favour owing to his astrological studies,

with both Charles VII. and Louis XI., and that he had a bad influence on the

latter.


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Collyridians. A sect of Gnostics who, in the ear]y centuries of Christianity,

transferred their worship and reverence from Astoreth to Mary, as Queen of

Heaven and Virgin. Regarding the two as identical, they offered to the latter as

they had done to the former, buns and cakes on certain days, with sexual symbols

represented on them.

 

Continents. In the Buddhist cosmogony, according to Gautama Buddha’s exoteric

doctrine, there are numberless systems of worlds (or Sakwala) all of which are

born, mature, decay, and are destroyed periodically. Orientalists translate the

teaching about “the four great continents which do not communicate with each

other”, as meaning that “upon the earth there are four great continents” (see

Hardy’s Eastern Monachism, p. 4), while the doctrine means simply that around or

above the earth there are on either side four worlds, i.e., the earth appearing

as the fourth on each side of the arc.

 

Corybantes, Mysteries of the. These were held in Phrygia in honour of Atys, the

youth beloved by Cybele. The rites were very elaborate within the temple and

very noisy and tragic in public. They began by a public bewailing of the death

of Atys and ended in tremendous rejoicing at his resurrection. The statue or

image of the victim of Jupiter’s jealousy was placed during the ceremony in a

pastos (coffin), and the priests sang his sufferings. Atys, as Visvakarma in

India, was a representative of Initiation and Adeptship. He is shown as being

born impotent, because chastity is a requisite of the life of an aspirant. Atys

is said to have established the rites and worship of Cybele, in Lydia. (See

Pausan., vii., c. 17.)

 

Cosmic Gods. Inferior gods, those connected with the formation of matter.

 

Cosmic ideation (Occult.) Eternal thought, impressed on substance or

spirit-matter, in the eternity ; thought which becomes active at the beginning

of every new life-cycle.

 

Cosmocratores (Gr.). “Builders of the Universe”, the “world architects”, or the

Creative Forces personified.

 

Cow-worship. The idea of any such “worship” is as erroneous as it is unjust. No

Egyptian worshipped the cow, nor does any Hindu worship this animal now, though

it is true that the cow and bull were sacred then as they are to-day, but only

as the natural physical symbol of a metaphysical ideal; even as a church made of

bricks and mortar is sacred to the civilized Christian because of its

associations and not by reason of its walls. The cow was sacred to Isis, the

Universal Mother, Nature, and to the Hathor, the female principle in Nature, the

two goddesses being allied to both sun and moon, as the disk and the cow’s


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horns (crescent) prove. (See “Hathor ‘ and “isis”.) In the Vedas, the Dawn of

Creation is represented by a cow. This dawn is Hathor, and the day which

follows, or Nature already formed, is Isis, for both are one except in the

matter of time. Hathor the elder is “the mistress of the seven mystical cows ”

and Isis, “the Divine Mother is the “cow-horned” the cow of plenty (or Nature,

Earth), and, as the mother of Horus (the physical world)—the “mother of all that

lives The outa was the symbolic eye of Horus, the right being the sun, and the

left the moon. The right “eye” of Horus was called “the cow of Hathor”, and

served as a powerful amulet, as the dove in a nest of rays or glory, with or

without the cross, is a talisman with Christians, Latins and Greeks. The Bull

and the Lion which we often find in company with Luke and Mark in the

frontispiece of their respective Gospels in the Greek and Latin texts, are

explained as symbols—-which is indeed the fact. Why not admit the same in the

case of the Egyptian sacred Bulls, Cows, Rams, and Birds?

 

Cremer, John. An eminent scholar who for over thirty years studied Hermetic

philosophy in pursuance of its practical secrets, while he was at the same time

Abbot of Westminster While on a voyage to Italy, he met the famous Raymond Lully

whom he induced to return with him to England. Lully divulged to Cremer the

secrets of the stone, for which service the monastery offered daily prayers for

him. Cremer, says the Royal Masonic Cyclopedia, “having obtained a profound

knowledge of the secrets of Alchemy, became a most celebrated and learned adept

in occult philosophy . . . lived to a good old age, and died in the reign of

King Edward III.”

 

Crescent. Sin was the Assyrian name for the moon, and Sin-ai the Mount, the

birth-place of Osiris, of Dionysos, Bacchus and several other gods. According to

Rawlinson, the moon was held in higher esteem than the sun at Babylon, because

darkness preceded light. The crescent was, therefore, a sacred symbol with

almost every nation, before it became the ‘standard of the Turks. Says the

author of Egyptian Belief, “ The crescent is not essentially a Mahometan ensign.

On the contrary, it was a Christian one, derived through Asia from the

Babylonian Astarte, Queen of Heaven, or from the Egyptian Isis . . . . whose

emblem was the crescent. The Greek Christian Empire of Constantinople held it as

their palladium. Upon the conquest of the Turks, the Mahometan Sultan adopted it

for the symbol of his power. Since that time the crescent has been made to

oppose the idea of the cross.”

 

Criocephale (Gr.). Ram-headed, applied to several deities and emblematic

figures, notably those of ancient Egypt, which were designed


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about the period when the Sun passed, at the Vernal Equinox, from the sign

Taurus to the sign Aries. Previously to this period, bull-headed and horned

deities prevailed. Apis was the type of the Bull deity, Ammon that of the

ram-headed type: Isis, too, had a Cow’s head allotted to her. Porphyry writes

that the Greeks united the Ram to Jupiter and the Bull to Bacchus. [w.w.w.]

 

Crocodile. “The great reptile of Typhon.” The seat of its “worship” was

Crocodilopolis and it was sacred to Set and Sebak—its alleged creators. The

primitive Rishis in India, the Manus, and Sons of Brahmâ, are each the

progenitors of some animal species, of which he is the alleged “father”; in

Egypt, each god was credited with the formation or creation of certain animals

which were sacred to him. Crocodiles must have been numerous in Egypt during the

early dynasties, if one has to judge by the almost incalculable number of their

mummies. Thousands upon thousands have been excavated from the grottoes of

Moabdeh, and many a vast necropolis of that Typhonic animal is still left

untouched. But the Crocodile was only worshipped where his god and “father”

received honours. Typhon (q.v.) had once received such honours and, as Bunsen

shows, had been considered a great god. His words are, “ Down to the time of

Ramses B.C. 1300, Typhon was one of the most venerated and powerful gods, a god

who pours blessings and life on the rulers of Egypt.” As explained elsewhere,

Typhon is the material aspect of Osiris. When Typhon, the Quaternary, kills

Osiris, the triad or divine Light, and cuts it metaphorically into 14 pieces,

and separates himself from the “god”, he incurs the execration of the masses; he

becomes the evil god, the storm and hurricane god, the burning sand of the

Desert, the constant enemy of the Nile, and the “slayer of the evening

beneficent dew”, because Osiris is the ideal Universe, Siva the great

Regenerative Force, and Typhon the material portion of it, the evil side of the

god, or the Destroying Siva. This is why the crocodile is also partly venerated

and partly execrated. The appearance of the crocodile in the Desert, far from

the water, prognosticated the happy event of the coming inundation—hence its

adoration at Thebes and Ombos. But he destroyed thousands of human and animal

beings yearly—hence also the hatred and persecution of the Crocodile at

Elephantine and Tentyra.

 

Cross. Mariette Bey has shown its antiquity in Egypt by proving that in all the

primitive sepulchres “the plan of the chamber has the form of a cross”. It is

the symbol of the Brotherhood of races and men; and was laid on the breast of

the corpses in Egypt, as it is now placed on the corpses of deceased Christians,

and, in its Swastica form (croix

 
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cramponnée) on the hearts of the Buddhist adepts and Buddhas. (See “Calvary

Cross”.)

 

Crux Ansata (Lat.). The handled cross,T; whereas the tau is T, in this form, and

the oldest Egyptian cross or the tat is thus +. The crux ansata was the symbol

of immortality, but the tat-cross was that of spirit-matter and had the

significance of a sexual emblem. The crux ansata was the foremost symbol in the

Egyptian Masonry instituted by Count Cagliostro; and Masons must have indeed

forgotten the primitive significance of their highest symbols, if some of their

authorities still insist that the crux ansata is only a combination of the cteis

(or yoni) and phallus (or lingham). Far from this. The handle or ansa had a

double significance, but never a phallic one; as an attribute of Isis it was the

mundane circle; as symbol of law on the breast of a mummy it was that of

immortality, of an endless and beginningless eternity, that which descends upon

and grows out of the plane of material nature, the horizontal feminine line,

surmounting the vertical male line—the fructifying male principle in nature or

spirit. Without the handle the crux ansata became the tau T, which, left by

itself, is an androgyne symbol, and becomes purely phallic or sexual only when

it takes the shape +.

 

Crypt (Gr.) A secret subterranean vault, some for the purpose of initiation,

others for burial purposes. There were crypts under every temple in antiquity.

There was one on the Mount of Olives, lined with red stucco, and built before

the advent of the Jews.

 

Curetes. The Priest-Initiates of ancient Crete, in the service of Cybele.

Initiation in their temples was very severe ; it lasted twenty-seven days,

during which time the aspirant was left by himself in a crypt, undergoing

terrible trials. Pythagoras was initiated into these rites and came out

victorious.

 

Cutha. An ancient city in Babylonia after which a tablet giving an account of

“creation” is named.

The “Cutha tablet” speaks of a temple of Sittam”, in the sanctuary of Nergal,

the “giant king of

war, lord of the city of Cutha”, and is purely esoteric, it has to be read

symbolically, if at all.

 

Cycle. From the Greek Kuklos. The ancients divided time into end less cycles,

wheels within wheels, all such periods being of various durations, and each

marking the beginning or the end of some event either cosmic, mundane, physical

or metaphysical. There were cycles of only a few years, and cycles of immense

duration, the great Orphic cycle, referring to the ethnological change of races,

lasting 120,000 years, and the cycle of Cassandrus of 136,000, which brought

about a complete


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change in planetary influences and their correlations between men and gods—a

fact entirely lost sight of by modern astrologers.

 

Cynocephalus (Gr.) The Egyptian Hapi. There was a notable difference between the

ape-headed gods and the “Cynocephalus” (Simia hamadryas), a dog-headed baboon

from upper Egypt. The latter, whose sacred city was Hermopolis, was sacred to

the lunar deities and Thoth Hermes, hence an emblem of secret wisdom—as was

Hanuman, the monkey-god of India, and later, the elephant-headed Ganesha. The

mission of the Cynocephalus was to show the way for the Dead to the Seat of

Judgment and Osiris, whereas the ape-gods were all phallic. They are almost

invariably found in a crouching posture, holding on one hand the outa (the eye

of Horus), and in the other the sexual cross. Isis is seen sometimes riding on

an ape, to designate the fall of divine nature into generation.

                         

D 


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D.  Both in the English and Hebrew alphabets the fourth letter, whose numerical

value is four. The symbolical signification in the Kabbala of the Daleth is

“door”. It is the Greek delta D, through which the world (whose symbol is the

tetrad or number four,) issued, producing the divine seven. The name of the

Tetrad was Harmony with the Pythagoreans, “because it is a diatessaron in

sesquitertia”. With the Kabbalists, the divine name associated with Daleth was

Daghoul.

 

Daath (Heb.) Knowledge; “the conjunction of Chokmah and Binah, Wisdom and

Understanding”: sometimes, in error, called a Sephira. [w.w.w.]

 

Dabar (Heb.) D (a) B (a) R (im), meaning the “Word”, and the “Words” in the

Chaldean Kabbala, Dabar and Logoi. (See Sec.Doct. I. p. 350, and “Logos”, or

“Word”.)

 

Dabistan (Pers.) The land of Iran; ancient Persia.

 

Dache-Dachus (Chald.) The dual emanation of Moymis, the progeny of the dual or

androgynous World-Principle, the male Apason and female Tauthe. Like all

theocratic nations possessing Temple mysteries, the Babylonians never mentioned

the “One” Principle of the Universe, nor did they give it a name. This made

Damascious (Theogonies) remark that like the rest of “ barbarians” the

Babylonians passed it over in silence. Tauthe was the mother of the gods, while

Apason was her self-generating male power, Moymis, the ideal universe, being her

only-begotten son, and emanating in his turn Dache-Dachus, and at last Belus,

the Demiurge of the objective Universe.

 

Dactyli (Gr.) From daktulos, “a finger”. The name given to the Phrygian

Hierophants of Kybele, who were regarded as the greatest magicians and

exorcists. They were five or ten in number because of the five fingers on one

hand that blessed, and the ten on both hands which evoke the gods. They also

healed by manipulation or mesmerism.

 

Dadouchos (Gr.) The torch-hearer, one of the four celebrants in the Eleusinian

mysteries. There were several attached to the temples but they appeared in

public only at the Panathenaic Games at Athens, to preside over the so-called

“torch-race”. (See Mackenzie’s R.M, Cyclopædia.)


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Dæmon (Gr.) In the original Hermetic works and ancient classics it has a meaning

identical with that of “god”, “angel” or “genius”. The Dæmon of Socrates is the

incorruptible part of the man, or rather the real inner man which we call Nous

or the rational divine Ego. At all events the Dæmon (or Daimon of the great Sage

was surely not the demon of the Christian Hell or of Christian orthodox

theology. The name was given by ancient peoples, and especially the philosophers

of the Alexandrian school, to all kinds of spirits, whether good or bad, human

or otherwise. The appellation is often synonymous with that of gods or angels.

But some philosophers tried, with good reason, to make a just distinction

between the many classes.

 

Dænam (Pahlavi) Lit., “Knowledge”, the principle of understanding in man,

rational Soul, or Manas, according to the Avesta.

 

Dag, Dagon (Heb.). “Fish” and also “Messiah”. Dagon was the Chaldean man-fish

Oannes, the mysterious being who arose daily out of the depths of the sea to

teach people every useful science. He was also called Annedotus.

 

Dâgoba (Sk.), or Stûpa. Lit: a sacred mound or tower for Buddhist holy relics.

These are pyramidal-looking mounds scattered all over India and Buddhist

countries, such as Ceylon, Burmah, Central Asia, etc. They are of various sizes,

and generally contain some small relics of Saints or those claimed to have

belonged to Gautama, the Buddha. As the human body is supposed to consist of

84,000 dhâtus (organic cells with definite vital functions in them), Asoka is

said for this reason to have built 84,000 dhâtu-gopas or Dâgobas in honour of

every cell of the Buddha’s body, each of which has now become a dhârmadhâtu or

holy relic. There is in Ceylon a Dhâtu-gopa at Anurâdhapura said to date from160

years B.C. They are now built pyramid-like, but the primitive Dâgobas were all

shaped like towers with a cupola and several tchhatra (umbrellas) over them.

Eitel states that the Chinese Dâgobas have all from 7 to 14 tchhatras over them,

a number which is symbolical of the human body.

 

Daitya Guru (Sk.) The instructor of the giants, called Daityas (q.v.)

Allegorically, it is the title given to the planet Venus-Lucifer, or rather to

its indwelling Ruler, Sukra, a male deity

(See Sec. Doct.. ii. p. 30).

 

Daityas (Sk.) Giants, Titans, and exoterically demons, but in truth identical

with certain Asuras, the intellectual gods, the opponents of the useless gods of

ritualism and the enemies of puja sacrifices.

 

Daivi-prakriti (Sk.) Primordial, homogeneous light, called by some Indian

Occultists “the Light of the Logos” (see Notes on the Bhagavat Gita, by T. Subba

Row, B.A., L.L.B.); when differentiated this light becomes FOHAT.

 


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Dâkinî (Sk.) Female demons, vampires and blood-drinkers (asra-pas). In the

Purânas they attend upon the goddess Kâli and feed on human flesh. A species of

evil “Elementals” (q.v.).

 

Daksha (Sk.) A form of Brahmâ and his son in the Purânas But the Rig Veda states

that “Daksha sprang from Aditi, and Aditi from Daksha”, which proves him to be a

personified correlating Creative Force acting on all the planes. The

Orientalists seem very much perplexed what to make of him; but Roth is nearer

the truth than any, when saying that Daksha is the spiritual power, and at the

same time the male energy that generates the gods in eternity, which is

represented by Aditi. The Purânas as a matter of course, anthropomorphize the

idea, and show Daksha instituting “sexual intercourse on this earth”, after

trying every other means of procreation. The generative Force, spiritual at the

commencement, becomes of course at the most material end of its evolution a

procreative Force on the physical plane ; and so far the Purânic allegory is

correct, as the Secret Science teaches that our present mode of procreation

began towards the end of the third Root-Race.

 

Daladâ (Sk.)A very precious relic of Gautama the Buddha; viz., his supposed left

canine tooth preserved at the great temple at Kandy, Ceylon. Unfortunately, the

relic shown is not genuine. The latter has been securely secreted for several

hundred years, ever since the shameful and bigoted attempt by the Portuguese

(the then ruling power in Ceylon) to steal and make away with the real relic.

That which is shown in the place of the real thing is the monstrous tooth of

some animal.

 

Dama (Sk.). Restraint of the senses.

 

Dambulla (Sk.) The name of a huge rock in Ceylon. It is about 400 feet above the

level of the sea. Its upper portion is excavated, and several large

cave-temples, or Vihâras, are cut out of the solid rock, all of these being of

pre-Christian date. They are considered as the best- preserved antiquities in

the island. The North side of the rock is vertical and quite inaccessible, but

on the South side, about 150 feet from its summit, its huge overhanging granite

mass has been fashioned into a platform with a row of large cave-temples

excavated in the surrounding walls—evidently at an enormous sacrifice of labour

and money. Two Vihâras may he mentioned out of the many: the Maha Râja Vihâra,

172 ft. in length and 75 in breadth, in which there are upwards of fifty figures

of Buddha, most of them larger than life and all formed from the solid rock. A

well has been dug out at the foot of the central Dâgoba and from a fissure in

the rock there constantly drips into it beautiful clear water which is kept for

sacred purposes. In the other, the Maha


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Dewiyo Vihâra, there is to be seen a gigantic figure of the dead Gautama Buddha,

7 feet long, reclining on a couch and pillow cut out of solid rock like the

rest. “This long, narrow and dark temple, the position and placid aspect of

Buddha, together with the stillness of the place, tend to impress the beholder

with the idea that he is in the chamber of death. The priest asserts . . . .

that such was Buddha, and such were those (at his feet stands an attendant) who

witnessed the last moments of his mortality” (Hardy’s East. Monachism). The view

from Dambulla is magnificent. On the large rock platform which seems to he now

more visited by very intelligent tame white monkeys than by monks, there stands

a huge Bo-Tree, one of the numerous scions from the original Bo-Tree under which

the Lord Siddhârtha reached Nirvâna. “About 50 ft. from the summit there is a

pond which, as the priests assert, is never without water.”

(The Ceylon Almanac, 1834.)

 

Dammâpadan (Pali.) A Buddhist work containing moral precepts.

 

Dâna (Sk.). Almsgiving to mendicants, lit., “charity”, the first of the six

Paramitas in Buddhism.

 

Dânavas (Sk.). Almost the same as Daityas; giants and demons, the opponents of

the ritualistic gods.

 

Dangma (Sk.) In Esotericism a purified Soul. A Seer and an Initiate; one who has

attained full wisdom.

 

Daos (Chald.) The seventh King (Shepherd) of the divine Dynasty, who reigned

over the Babylonians for the space of ten sari, or 36,000 years, a saros being

of 3,600 years’ duration. In his time four Annedoti, or Men-fishes (Dagons) made

their appearance.

 

Darâsta (Sk) Ceremonial magic practised by the central Indian tribes, especially

among the Kolarians.

 

Dardanus (Gr.) The Son of Jupiter and Electra, who received the Kabeiri gods as

a dowry, and took them to Samothrace, where they were worshipped long before the

hero laid the foundations of Troy, and before Tyre and Sidon were ever heard of,

though Tyre was built 2,760 years B.C.

(See for fuller details “Kabiri”.)

 

Darha (Sk.) The ancestral spirits of the Kolarians.

 

Darsanas (Sk.) The Schools of Indian philosophy, of which there are six;

Shad-darsanas or six demonstrations.

 

Dasa-sil (Pali.) The ten obligations or commandments taken by and binding upon

the priests of Buddha; the five obligations or Pansil are taken by laymen.

 

Dava (Tib.) The moon, in Tibetan astrology.

 

Davkina (Chald.) The wife of Hea, “the goddess of the lower regions,

 
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the consort of the Deep”, the mother of Merodach, the Bel of later times, and

mother to many river-gods, Hea being the god of the lower regions, the “lord of

the Sea or abyss”, and also the lord of Wisdom.

 

Dayanisi (Aram.). The god worshipped by the Jews along with other Semites, as

the “Ruler of men”; Dionysos—the Sun; whence Jehovah Nissi, or Iao-Nisi, the

same as Dio-nysos or Jove of Nyssa.

(See Isis Unveil. II. 526.)

 

Day of Brahmâ. See “Brahmâ's Day” etc.

 

Dayus or Dyaus (Sk). A Vedic term. The unrevealed Deity, or that which reveals

Itself only as light and the bright day—metaphorically.

 

Death, Kiss of. According to the Kabbalah, the earnest follower does not die by

the power of the Evil Spirit, Yetzer ha Rah, but by a kiss from the mouth of

Jehovah Tetragrammaton, meeting him in the Haikal Ahabah or Palace of Love.

[w.w.w.]

 

Dei termini (Lat.). The name for pillars with human heads representing Hermes,

placed at cross-roads by the ancient Greeks and Romans. Also the general name

for deities presiding over boundaries

and frontiers.

 

Deist. One who admits the existence of a god or gods, but claims to know nothing

of either and denies revelation. A Freethinker of olden times.

 

Demerit. In Occult and Buddhistic parlance, a constituent of Karma. It is

through avidya or ignorance of vidya, divine illumination, that merit and

demerit are produced. Once an Arhat obtains full illumination and perfect

control over his personality and lower nature, he ceases to create merit and

demerit

 

Demeter The Hellenic name for the Latin Ceres, the goddess of corn and tillage.

The astronomical sign, Virgo. The Eleusinian Mysteries were celebrated in her

honour.

 

Demiurgic Mind.The same as “Universal Mind”. Mahat, the first “product” of

 

Brahmâ, or himself.

 

Demiurgos (Gr) The Demiurge or Artificer; the Supernal Power which built the

universe. Freemasons derive from this word their phrase of “Supreme Architect ”.

With the Occultists it is the third manifested Logos, or Plato’s “second god”,

the second logos being represented by him as the “Father”, the only Deity that

he dared mention as an Initiate into the Mysteries.

 

Demon est Deus inversus (Lat) A Kabbalistic axiom; lit., “the devil is god

reversed”; which means that there is neither evil nor good, but that the forces

which create the one create the other, according to the nature of the materials

they find to work upon.


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Demonologia (Gr.). Treatises or Discourses upon Demons, or Gods in their dark

aspects.

 

 

Demons. According to the Kabbalah, the demons dwell in the world of Assiah, the

world of matter and of the “shells”’ of the dead. They are the Klippoth. There

are Seven Hells, whose demon dwellers represent the vices personified. Their

prince is Samael, his female companion is Isheth Zenunim—the woman of

prostitution: united in aspect, they are named “The Beast”, Chiva. [w.w.w.]

 

Demrusch (Pers.). A Giant in the mythology of ancient Iran.

 

Denis, Angoras. “A physician of Paris, astrologer and alchemist in the XIVth

century” (R.M.C.).

 

Deona Mati. In the Kolarian dialect, one who exorcises evil spirits.

 

Dervish. A Mussulman—Turkish or Persian—ascetic. A nomadic and wandering monk.

Dervishes, however, sometimes live in communities. They are often called the

“whirling charmers”. Apart from his austerities of life, prayer and

contemplation, the Turkish, Egyptian, or Arabic devotee presents but little

similarity with the Hindu fakir, who is also a Mussulman. The latter may become

a saint and holy mendicant the former will never reach beyond his second class

of occult manifestations. The dervish may also be a strong mesmerizer, but he

will never voluntarily submit to the abominable and almost incredible

self-punishment which the fakir invents for himself with an ever-increasing

avidity, until nature succumbs and he dies in slow and excruciating tortures.

The most dreadful operations, such as flaying the limbs alive; cutting off the

toes, feet, and legs ; tearing out the eyes and causing one’s self to be buried

alive up to the chin in the earth, and passing whole months in this posture,

seem child’s play to them. The Dervish must not be confused with the Hindu

sanyâsi or yogi. (See “Fakir”).

 

Desatir. A very ancient Persian work called the Book of Shet. It speaks of the

thirteen Zoroasters, and is very mystical.

 

Deva (Sk.). A god, a “resplendent” deity. Deva-Deus, from the root div “to

shine”. A Deva is a celestial being—whether good, bad, or indifferent. Devas

inhabit “the three worlds”, which are the three planes above us. There are 33

groups or 330 millions of them.

 

Deva Sarga (Sk.). Creation: the origin of the principles, said to be

Intelligence born of the qualities or the attributes of nature.

 

Devachan (Sk.). The “dwelling of the gods”. A state intermediate between two

earth-lives, into which the EGO (Atmâ-Buddhi-Manas, or the Trinity made One)

enters, after its separation from Kâma Rupa, and the disintegration of the lower

principles on earth.

 

Devajnânas (Sk.). or Daivajna. The higher classes of celestial beings, those who

possess divine knowledge.


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Devaki (Sk.). The mother of Krishna. She was shut up in a dungeon by her

brother, King Kansa, for fear of the fulfilment of a prophecy which stated that

a son of his sister should dethrone and kill him. Notwithstanding the strict

watch kept, Devaki was overshadowed by Vishnu, the holy Spirit, and thus gave

birth to that god’s avatara, Krishna. (See “Kansa”.)

 

Deva-laya (Sk.). “The shrine of a Deva”. The name given to all Brahmanical

temples.

 

Deva-lôkas (Sk.). The abodes of the Gods or Devas in superior spheres. The seven

celestial worlds above Meru.

 

Devamâtri (Sk.). Lit., “the mother of the gods”. A title of Aditi, Mystic Space.

 

Dêvanâgarî (Sk.). Lit., “the language or letters of the dêvas” or gods. The

characters of the Sanskrit language. The alphabet and the art of writing were

kept secret for ages, as the Dwijas (Twice-born) and the Dikshitas (Initiates)

alone were permitted to use this art. It was a crime for a. Sudra to recite a

verse of the Vedas, and for any of the two lower castes (Vaisya and Sudra) to

know the letters was an offence punishable by death. Therefore is the word lipi,

‘‘writing”, absent from the oldest MSS., a fact which gave the Orientalists the

erroneous and rather incongruous idea that writing was not only unknown before

the day of Pânini, but even to that sage himself That the greatest grammarian

the world has ever produced should be ignorant of writing would indeed be the

greatest and most incomprehensible phenomenon of all.

 

Devapi (Sk.). A Sanskrit Sage of the race of Kuru, who, together with another

Sage (Moru), is supposed to live throughout the four ages and until the coming

of Maitreya Buddha, or Kalki (the last Avatar of Vishnu) ; who, like all the

Saviours of the World in their last appearance, like Sosiosh of the Zoroastrians

and the Rider of St. Johns Revelation, will appear seated on a White Horse. The

two, Devapi and Moru, are supposed to live in a Himalayan retreat called Kalapa

or Katapa. This is a Purânic allegory.

 

Devarshis, or Deva-rishi (Sk). Lit., “gods rishis” ; the divine or god like

saints, those sages who attain a fully divine nature on earth.

 

Devasarman (Sk.). A very ancient author who died about a century after Gautama

Buddha. He wrote two famous works, in which he denied the existence of both Ego

and non-Ego, the one as successfully as the other.

 

Dhârana (Sk). That state in Yoga practice when the mind has to be fixed

unflinchingly on some object of meditation.


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0

Dhâranî(Sk.). In Buddhism—both Southern and Northern—and also in Hinduism, it

means simply a mantra or mantras—sacred verses from the Rig Veda. In days of old

these mantras or Dhâranî were all considered mystical and practically

efficacious in their use. At present, however, it is the Yogâchârya school alone

which proves the claim in practice. When chanted according to given instructions

a

Dhâranî produces wonderful effects. Its occult power, however, does not reside

in the words but in the inflexion or accent given and the resulting sound

originated thereby. (See “Mantra” and “Akasa”).

 

Dharma (Sk.). The sacred Law; the Buddhist Canon.

 

Dharmachakra (Sk.). Lit., The turning of the “wheel of the Law”. The emblem of

Buddhism as a system of cycles and rebirths or reincarnations.

 

Dharmakâya (Sk). Lit., “the glorified spiritual body” called the “Vesture of

Bliss”. The third, or highest of the Trikâya (Three Bodies), the attribute

developed by every “Buddha”, i.e., every initiate who has crossed or reached the

end of what is called the “fourth Path” (in esotericism the sixth “portal” prior

to his entry on the seventh). The highest of the Trikâya, it is the fourth of

the Buddhakchêtra, or Buddhic planes of consciousness, represented figuratively

in Buddhist asceticism as a robe or vesture of luminous Spirituality.

In popular Northern Buddhism these vestures or robes are:

(1) Nirmanakâya  (2) Sambhogakâya (3) and Dharmakâya the last being the highest

and most sublimated of all, as it places the ascetic on the threshold of

Nirvâna. (See, however, the Voice of the Silence, page 96, Glossary, for the

true esoteric meaning.)

 

Dharmaprabhasa (Sk). The name of the Buddha who will appear during the seventh

Root-race. (See “Ratnâvabhâsa Kalpa”, when sexes will exist no longer).

 

Dharmasmriti Upasthâna (Sk). A very long compound word containing a very

mystical warning. “Remember, the constituents (of human nature) originate

according to the Nidânas, and are-not originally the Self”, which means—that,

which the Esoteric Schools teach, and not the ecclesiastical interpretation.

 

Dharmâsôka (Sk.). The name given to the first Asoka after his conversion to

Buddhism,—King Chandragupta, who served all his long life “Dharma”, or the law

of Buddha. King Asoka (the second) was not converted, but was born a Buddhist.

 

Dhâtu (Pali). Relics of Buddha’s body collected after his cremation.

 

Dhruva (Sk). An Aryan Sage, now the Pole Star. A Kshatriya (one of the warrior

caste) who became through religious austerities a


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Rishi, and was, for this reason, raised by Vishnu to this eminence in the skies.

Also called Grah-Âdhâr or “the pivot of the planets”.

 

Dhyan Chohans (Sk). Lit., “The Lords of Light”. The highest gods, answering to

the Roman Catholic Archangels. The divine Intelligences charged with the

supervision of Kosmos.

 

Dhyâna (Sk.). In Buddhism one of the six Paramitas of perfection, a state of

abstraction which carries the ascetic practising it far above this plane of

sensuous perception and out of the world of matter.

Lit., “contemplation”. The six stages of Dhyan differ only in the degrees of

abstraction of the personal Ego from sensuous life.

 

Dhyani Bodhisattyas (Sk.). In Buddhism, the five sons of the Dhyani-Buddhas.

They have a mystic meaning in Esoteric Philosophy.

 

Dhyani Buddhas (Sk.). They “of the Merciful Heart”; worshipped especially in

Nepaul. These have again a secret meaning.

 

Dhyani Pasa (Sk.). “The rope of the Dhyanis” or Spirits; the Ring “Pass not”

(See Sec.Doct., Stanza V., Vol. I., p. 129).

 

Diakka. Called by Occultists and Theosophists “spooks” and “shells”, i.e.,

phantoms from Kâma Loka. A word invented by the great American Seer, Andrew

Jackson Davis, to denote what he considers untrustworthy “Spirits”. In his own

words: “A Diakka (from the Summerland) is one who takes insane delight in

playing parts, in juggling tricks, in personating opposite characters; to whom

prayer and profane utterances are of equi-value; surcharged with a passion for

lyrical narrations; . . . morally deficient, he is without the active feelings

of justice, philanthropy, or tender affection. He knows nothing of what men call

the sentiment of gratitude; the ends of hate and love are the same to him; his

motto is often fearful and terrible to others—SELF is the whole of private

living, and exalted annihilation the end of all private life. Only yesterday,

one said to a lady medium, signing himself Swedenborg, this: ‘Whatsoever is, has

been, will be, or may be, that I AM.; and private life is but the aggregative

phantasms of thinking throb- lets, rushing in their rising onward to the central

heart of eternal death’

(The Diakka and their Victims; “an explanation of the False and Repulsive in

Spiritualism.”) These “Diakka” are then simply the communicating and

materializing so-called “Spirits” of Mediums and Spiritualists.

 

Dianoia (Gr.). The same as the Logos. The eternal source of thought, “divine

ideation”, which is the root of all thought. (See “Ennoia.”)

 

Dido, or Elissa. Astarte; the Virgin of the Sea—who crushes the Dragon under her

foot; The patroness of the Phoænician mariners. A Queen of Carthage who fell in

love with Æneas according to Virgil.


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Digambara (Sk.). A naked mendicant. Lit., “clothed with Space”. A name of Siva

in his character of Rudra, the Yogi.

 

Dii Minores (Lat.). The inferior or “reflected group of the twelve gods ” or Dii

Majores, described by Cicero in his De Natura Deorum, I. 13.

 

Dîk (Sk). Space, Vacuity.

 

Diktamnon (Gr.), or Dictemnus (Dittany). A curious plant possessing very occult

and mystical properties and well-known from ancient times. It was sacred to the

Moon-Goddesses. Luna, Astarte, Diana. The Cretan name of Diana was Diktynna, and

as such the goddess wore a wreath made of this magic plant. The Dihtamnon is an

evergreen shrub whose contact, as claimed in Occultism, develops and at the same

time cures somnambulism. Mixed with Verbena it will produce clairvoyance and

ecstasy. Pharmacy attributes to the Dihtamnon strongly sedative and quieting

properties. It grows in abundance on Mount Dicte, in Crete, and enters into many

magical performances resorted to by the Cretans even to this day.

 

Diksha (Sk). Initiation. Dikshit, an Initiate.

 

Dingir and Mul-lil (Akkad.). The Creative Gods.

 

Dinur (Heb.). The River of Fire whose flame burns the Souls of the guilty in the

Kabbalistic allegory.

 

Dionysos (Sk.). The Demiurgos, who, like Osiris, was killed by the Titans and

dismembered into fourteen parts. He was the personified Sun, or as the author of

the Great Dionysiak Myth says “He is Phanes, the spirit of material visibility,

Kyklops giant of the Universe, with one bright solar eye, the growth-power of

the world, the all-pervading animism of things, son of Semele Dionysos was born

at Nysa or Nissi, the name given by the Hebrews to Mount Sinai (Exodus xvii.

15), the birthplace of Osiris, which identifies both suspiciously with “Jehovah

Nissi”. (See Isis Unv. II. 165, 526.)

 

Dioscuri (Gr.). The name of Castor and Pollux, the sons of Jupiter and Leda.

Their festival, the Dioscuria, was celebrated with much rejoicing by the

Lacedæmonians.

 

Dîpamkara (Sk.). Lit., “the Buddha of fixed light”; a predecessor of Gautama,

the Buddha.

 

Diploteratology (Gr.). Production of mixed Monsters; in abbreviation teratology.

 

Dis (Gr.). In the Theogony of Damascius, the same as Protogonos, the “first born

light”, called by that author “the disposer of all things.

 

Dises (Scand.). The later name for the divine women called Walky-rics, Norns,

&c., in the Edda.


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Disk-worship. This was very common in Egypt but not till later times, as it

began with Amenoph III., a Dravidian, who brought it from Southern India and

Ceylon. It was Sun-worship under another form, the Aten-Nephru, Aten-Ra being

identical with the Adonai of the Jews, the “ Lord of Heaven” or the Sun. The

winged disk was the emblem of the Soul. The Sun was at one time the symbol of

Universal Deity shining on the whole world and all creatures; the Sabæans

regarded the Sun as the Demiurge and a Universal Deity, as did also the Hindus,

and as do the Zoroastrians to this day. The Sun is undeniably the one creator of

physical nature. Lenormant was obliged, notwithstanding his orthodox

Christianity, to denounce the resemblance between disk and Jewish worship. “Aten

represents the Adonai or Lord, the Assyrian Tammuz, and the Syrian Adonis”(The

Gr. Dionys. Myth.)

 

Divyachakchus (Sk.). Lit., “celestial Eye” or divine seeing, perception. It is

the first of the six

“Abhijnas” (q.v.) ; the faculty developed by Yoga practice to perceive any

object in the Universe, at whatever distance.

 

Divyasrôtra (Sk). Lit., “celestial Ear” Or divine hearing. The second “Abhijna”,

or the faculty of understanding the language or sound produced by any living

being on Earth.

 

Djâti (Sk.). One of the twelve “Nidanas” (q.v.); the cause and the effect in the

mode of birth taking place according to the “Chatur Yoni”(q.v.), when in each

case a being, whether man or animal, is placed in one of the six (esoteric

seven) Gâti or paths of sentient existence, which esoterically, counting

downward, are: (1) the highest Dhyani (Anupadaka); (2) Devas ; (3) Men; (4)

Elementals or Nature Spirits; (5) Animals; (6) lower Elementals; (7) organic

Germs. These are in the popular or exoteric nomenclature, Devas, Men, Asûras,

Beings in Hells, Prêtas (hungry demons), and Animals.

 

Djin (Arab.). Elementals ; Nature Sprites; Genii. The Djins or Jins are much

dreaded in Egypt, Persia and elsewhere.

 

Djnâna (Sk), or Jnâna. Lit., Knowledge; esoterically, “supernal or divine

knowledge acquired by Yoga”. Written also Gnyana.

 

Docetæ (Gr.). Lit.,“The Illusionists”. The name given by orthodox Christians to

those Gnostics who held that Christ did not, nor could he, suffer death

actually, but that, if such a thing had happened, it was merely an illusion

which they explained in various ways.

 

Dodecahedron (Gr.). According to Plato, the Universe is built by “the first

begotten” on the geometrical figure of the Dodecahedron. (See Timaeus).

 

Dodona (Gr.). An ancient city in Thessaly, famous for its Temple of


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Jupiter and its oracles. According to ancient legends, the town was founded by a

dove.

 

Donar (Scand.), or Thunar, Thor. In the North the God of Thunder. He was the

Jupiter Tonans of Scandinavia. Like as the oak was devoted to Jupiter so was it

sacred to Thor, and his altars were over shadowed with oak trees. Thor, or

Donar, was the offspring of Odin, “the omnipotent God of Heaven”, and of Mother

Earth.

 

Dondam-pai-den-pa (Tib.). The same as the Sanskrit term Paramarthasatya or

“absolute truth”, the highest spiritual self-consciousness and perception,

divine self-consciousness, a very mystical term.

 

Doppelgänger (Germ.). A synonym of the “Double” and of the “Astral body” in

occult parlance.

 

Dorjesempa (Tib.). The “Diamond Soul”, a name of the celestial Buddha.

 

Dorjeshang (Tib.). A title of Buddha in his highest aspect; a name of the

supreme Buddha; also Dorje.

 

Double. The same as the “Astral body” or “Doppelgänger”.

 

Double Image. The name among the Jewish Kabbalists for the Dual Ego, called

respectively: the Higher, Metatron, and the Lower, Samael. They are figured

allegorically as the two inseparable companions of man through life, the one his

Guardian Angel, the other his Evil Demon.

 

Dracontia (Gr.). Temples dedicated to the Dragon, the emblem of the Sun, the

symbol of Deity,

of Life and Wisdom. The Egyptian Karnac, the Carnac in Britanny, and Stonehenge

are Dracontia

well known to all.

 

Drakôn (Gr.) or Dragon. Now considered a “mythical” monster, perpetuated in the

West only on seals,. &c., as a heraldic griffin, and the Devil slain by St.

George, &c. In fact an extinct antediluvian monster In Babylonian antiquities it

is referred to as the “scaly one” and connected on many gems with Tiamat the

sea. “The Dragon of the Sea” is repeatedly mentioned. In Egypt, it is the star

of the Dragon (then the North Pole Star), the origin of the connection of almost

all the gods with the Dragon. Bel and the Dragon, Apollo and Python, Osiris and

Typhon, Sigur and Fafnir, and finally St. George and the Dragon, are the same.

They were all solar gods, and wherever we find the Sun there also is the Dragon,

the symbol of Wisdom—Thoth-Hermes. The Hierophants of Egypt and of Babylon

styled themselves “Sons of the Serpent-God” and “Sons of the Dragon”. “I am a

Serpent, I am a Druid”, said the Druid of the Celto-Britannic regions, for the

Serpent and the Dragon were both types of Wisdom, Immortality and Rebirth. As

the serpent casts its old skin only to reappear in a new one, so does the

immortal Ego cast off one personality but to assume another.


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Draupnir (Scand.). The golden armlet of Wodan or Odin, the companion of the

spear Gungnir which he holds in his right hand; both are endowed with wonderful

magic properties.

 

Dravidians. A group of tribes inhabiting Southern India; the aborigines.

 

Dravya (Sk.). Substance (metaphysically).

 

Drishti (Sk.). Scepticism; unbelief.

 

Druids. A sacerdotal caste which flourished in Britain and Gaul. They were

Initiates who admitted females into their sacred order, and initiated them into

the mysteries of their religion. They never entrusted their sacred verses and

scriptures to writing, but, like the Brahmans of old, committed them to memory;

a feat which, according to the statement of Cæsar took twenty years to

accomplish. Like the Parsis they had no images or statues of their gods. The

Celtic religion considered it blasphemy to represent any god, even of a minor

character, under a human figure. It would have been well if the Greek and Roman

Christians had learnt this lesson from the “pagan” Druids. The three chief

commandments of their religion were:—“Obedience to divine laws; concern for the

welfare of mankind; suffering with fortitude all the evils of life”.

 

Druzes. A large sect, numbering about 100,000 adherents, living on Mount Lebanon

in Syria. Their rites are very mysterious, and no traveller, who has written

anything about them, knows for a certainty the whole truth. They are the Sufis

of Syria. They resent being called Druzes as an insult, but call themselves the

“disciples of Hamsa ”, their Messiah, who came to them in the ninth century from

the “Land of the Word of God”, which land and word they kept religiously secret.

The Messiah to come will be the same Hamsa, but called Hakem—the “All-Healer ”.

(See Isis Unveiled, II 308, et seq.)

 

Dudaim (Heb.). Mandrakes. The Atropa Mandragova plant is mentioned in Genesis,

XXX., 14, and in Canticles: the name is related in Hebrew to words meaning

“breasts” and “love”, the plant was notorious as a love charm, and has been used

in many forms of black magic. [ w.w.w.]

Dudaim in Kabbalistic parlance is the Soul and Spirit; any two things united in

love and friendship (dodim). “Happy is he who preserves his dudaim (higher and

lower Manas) inseparable.”

 

Dugpas (Tib.). Lit., “Red Caps,” a sect in Tibet. Before the advent of

Tsong-ka-pa in the fourteenth century, the Tibetans, whose Buddhism had

deteriorated and been dreadfully adulterated with the tenets of the old Bhon

religion,—were all Dugpas. From that century, however, and

 
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after the rigid laws imposed upon the Gelukpas (yellow caps) and the general

reform and purification of Buddhism (or Lamaism), the Dugpas have given

themselves over more than ever to sorcery, immorality, and drunkenness. Since

then the word Dugpas has become a synonym of “sorcerer”, “adept of black magic”

and everything vile. There are few, if any, Dugpas in Eastern Tibet, but they

congregate in Bhutan, Sikkim, and the borderlands generally. Europeans not being

permitted to penetrate further than those borders, the Orientalists never having

studied Buddho-Lamaism in Tibet proper, but judging of it on hearsay and from

what Cosmo di Köros, Schlagintweit, and a few others have learnt of it from

Dugpas, confuse both religions and bring them under one head. They thus give out

to the public pure Dugpaism instead of Buddho-Lamaism. In short Northern

Buddhism in its purified, metaphysical form is almost entirely unknown.

 

Dukkha (Sk.). Sorrow, pain.

 

Dumah (Heb.). The Angel of Silence (Death) in the Kabbala.

 

Durga (Sk). Lit., “inaccessible”. The female potency of a god; the name of Kali,

the wife of Siva, the Mahesvara, or “the great god”.

 

Dustcharitra (Sk.). The “ten evil acts”; namely, three acts of the body viz.,

taking life, theft and adultery; four evil acts of the mouth, viz., lying,

exaggeration in accusations, slander, and foolish talk; and three evil acts of

mind (Lower Manas), viz., envy, malice or revenge, and unbelief.

 

Dwapara Yuga (Sk.). The third of the “Four Ages” in Hindu Philosophy ;

or the second age counted from below.

 

Dwarf of Death. In the Edda of the Norsemen, Iwaldi, the Dwarf of Death, hides

Life in the depths of the great ocean, and then sends her up into the world at

the right time. This Life is Iduna, the beauti- ful maiden, the daughter of the

“Dwarf”. She is the Eve of the Scandinavian Lays, for she gives of the apples of

ever-renewed youth to the gods of Asgard to eat ; but these, instead of being

cursed for so doing and doomed to die, give thereby renewed youth yearly to the

earth and to men, after every short and sweet sleep in the arms of the Dwarf.

Iduna is raised from the Ocean when Bragi (q.v.), the Dreamer of Life, without

spot or blemish, crosses asleep the silent waste of waters. Bragi is the divine

ideation of Life, and Iduna living Nature—Prakriti, Eve.

 

Dwellers (on the Threshold). A term invented by Bulwer Lytton in Zanoni; but in

Occultism the word “Dweller” is an occult term used by students for long ages

past, and refers to certain maleficent astral Doubles of defunct persons.


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Dwesa (Sk.). Anger. One of the three principal states of mind (of which 63 are

enumerated), which are Râga—pride or evil desire, Dwesa— anger, of which hatred

is a part, and Moha—the ignorance of truth. These three are to be steadily

avoided.

 

Dwijâ (Sk.). “Twice-born”. In days of old this term was used only of the

Initiated Brahmans; but now it is applied to every man belonging to the first of

the four castes, who has undergone a certain ceremony.

 

Dwija Brahman (Sk.). The investure with the sacred thread that now constitutes

the “second birth”. Even a Sudra who chooses to pay for the honour becomes,

after the ceremony of passing through a silver or golden cow—a dwijâ.

 

Dwipa (Sk.). An island or a continent. The Hindus have seven (Sapta dwipa ); the

Buddhists only four. This is owing to a misunderstood reference of the Lord

Buddha who, using the term metaphorically, applied the word dwipa to the races

of men. The four Root-races which preceded our fifth, were compared by

Siddhârtha to four continents or isles which studded the ocean of birth and

death—Samsâra.

 

Dynasties. In India there are two, the Lunar and the Solar, or the Somavansa and

the Suryavansa. In Chaldea and Egypt there were also two distinct kinds of

dynasties, the divine and the human. In both countries people were ruled in the

beginning of time by Dynasties of Gods. In Chaldea they reigned one hundred and

twenty Sari, or in all 432,000 years; which amounts to the same figures as a

Hindu Mahayuga 4,320,000 years. The chronology prefacing the Book of Genesis

(English translation) is given “Before Christ, 4004”. But the figures are a

rendering by solar years. In the original Hebrew, which preserved a lunar

calculation, the figures are 4,320 years. This “coincidence” is well explained

in Occultism.

 

Dyookna (Kab.). The shadow of eternal Light. The “Angels of the Presence” or

archangels.

The same as the Ferouer in the Vendidad and other Zoroastrian works.

 

Dzyn or Dzyan (Tib.). Written also Dzen. A corruption of the Sanskrit Dhyan and

jnâna (or gnyâna phonetically)—Wisdom, divine knowledge. In Tibetan, learning is

called dzin.

.                                                                                

                                              

E 


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E.—The fifth letter of the English alphabet. The he (soft) of the Hebrew

alphabet becomes in the Ehevi system of reading that language an E. Its

numerical value is five, and its symbolism is a window; the womb, in the

Kabbala. In the order of the divine names it stands for the fifth, which is

Hadoor or the “majestic” and the “splendid.”

 

Ea (Chald.) also Hea. The second god of the original Babylonian trinity composed

of Anu, Hea and Bel. Hea was the “Maker of Fate”, “Lord of the Deep”, “God of

Wisdom and Knowledge”, and “Lord of the City of Eridu”.

 

Eagle. This symbol is one of the most ancient. With the Greeks and Persians it

was sacred to the Sun; with the Egyptians, under the name of Ah, to Horus, and

the Kopts worshipped the eagle under the name of Ahom. It was regarded as the

sacred emblem of Zeus by the Greeks, and as that of the highest god by the

Druids. The symbol has passed down to our day, when following the example of the

pagan Marius, who, in the second century B.C. used the double-headed eagle as

the ensign of Rome, the Christian crowned heads of Europe made the double-headed

sovereign of the air sacred to themselves and their scions. Jupiter was

satisfied with a one-headed eagle and so was the Sun. The imperial houses of

Russia, Poland, Austria, Germany, and the late Empire of the Napoleons, have

adopted a two-headed eagle as their device.

 

Easter. The word evidently comes from Ostara, the Scandinavian goddess of

spring. She was the symbol of the resurrection of all nature and was worshipped

in early spring. It was a custom with the pagan Norsemen at that time to

exchange coloured eggs called the eggs of Ostara. These have now become

Easter-Eggs. As expressed in Asgard and the Gods: “Christianity put another

meaning on the old custom, by connecting it with the feast of the Resurrection

of the Saviour, who, like the hidden life in the egg, slept in the grave for

three days before he awakened to new life”. This was the more natural since

Christ was identified with that same Spring Sun which awakens in all his glory,

after the dreary and long death of winter. (See “Eggs”.)

 

Ebionites (Heb.). Lit., “the poor”; the earliest sect of Jewish Christians, the

other being the Nazarenes. They existed when the term “Christian” was not yet

heard of. Many of the relations of Iassou (Jesus), the adept ascetic around whom

the legend of Christ was formed, were among the Ebionites. As the existence of

these mendicant ascetics can


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be traced at least a century earlier than chronological Christianity, it is an

additional proof that lassou or Jeshu lived during the reign of Alexander

Jannæus at Lyd (or Lud), where he was put to death as stated in the Sepher

Toldos Jeshu.

 

Ecbatana. A famous city in Media worthy of a place among the seven wonders of

the world. It is thus described by Draper in his Conflict between Religion and

Science, chap. i, . . “ The cool summer retreat of the Persian Kings, was

defended by seven encircling walls of hewn and polished blocks, the interior

ones in succession of increasing height, and of different colours, in

astrological accordance with the seven planets. The palace was roofed with

silver tiles; its beams were plated with gold. At midnight in its halls, the sun

was rivalled by many a row of naphta cressets. A paradise, that luxury of the

monarchs of the East, was planted in the midst of the city. The Persian Empire

was truly the garden of the world.”

 

Echath (Heb.). The same as the following—the “One”, but feminine.

 

Echod (Heb or Echad. “One”, masculine, applied to Jehovah.

 

Eclectic Philosophy. One of the names given to the Neo-Platonic school of

Alexandria.

 

Ecstasis (Gr.). A psycho-spiritual state; a physical trance which induces

clairvoyance and a beatific state bringing on visions.

 

Edda (Iceland.). Lit., “great-grandmother”of the Scandinavian Lays. It was

Bishop Brynjϋld Sveinsson, who collected them and brought them to light in 1643.

There are two collections of Sagas, translated by the Northern Skalds, and there

are two Eddas. The earliest is of unknown authorship and date and its antiquity

is very great. These Sagas were collected in the XIth century by an Icelandic

priest; the second is a collection of the history (or myths) of the gods spoken

of in the first, which became the Germanic deities, giants, dwarfs and heroes.

 

Eden (Heb.). “Delight”, pleasure. In Genesis the “Garden of Delight” built by

God ; in the Kabbala the

“Garden of Delight”, a place of Initiation into the mysteries. Orientalists

identify it with a place which was situated in Babylonia in the district of

Karduniyas, called also Gan-dunu, which is almost like the Gan-eden of the Jews.

(See the works of Sir H. Rawlinson, and G. Smith.) That district has four

rivers, Euphrates, Tigris, Surappi, Ukni. The two first have been adopted

without any change by the Jews; the other two they have probably transformed

into “ Gihon and Pison”, so as to have something original. The following are

some of the reasons for the identification of Eden, given by Assyriologists. The

cities of Babylon, Larancha and


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Sippara, were founded before the flood, according to the chronology of the Jews.

 

“Surippak was the city of the ark, the mountain east of the Tigris was the

resting place of the ark, Babylon was the site of the tower, and Ur of the

Chaldees the birthplace of Abraham.” And, as Abraham,

“the first leader of the Hebrew race, migrated from Ur to Harran in Syria and

from thence to Palestine”, the best Assyriologists think that it is “so much

evidence in favour of the hypothesis that Chaldea was the original home of these

stories (in the Bible) and that the Jews received them originally from the

Babylonians”.

 

Edom (Heb.). Edomite Kings. A deeply concealed mystery is to he found in the

allegory of the seven Kings of Edorn, who “reigned in the land of Edom before

there reigned any King over the children of Israel”. (Gen. xxxvi. 31.) The

Kabbala teaches that this Kingdom was one of “unbalanced forces’ and necessarily

of unstable character. The world of Israel is a type of the condition of the

worlds which came into existence subsequently to the later period when the

equilibrium had become established. [ w.w. w.]

On the other hand the Eastern Esoteric philosophy teaches that the seven Kings

of Edom are not the type of perished worlds or unbalanced forces, but the symbol

of the seven human Root-races, four of which have passed away, the fifth is

passing, and two are still to come. Though in the language of esoteric blinds,

the hint in St. John’s Revelation is clear enough when it states in chapter xvii

, 10: “And there are seven Kings; five are fallen, and one (the fifth, still)

is, and the other (the sixth Root- race) is not yet come Had all the seven Kings

of Edom perished as worlds of “unbalanced forces”, how could the fifth still be,

and the other or others “not yet come” ? In The Kabbalah Unveiled, we read on

page 48, “ The seven Kings had died and their possessions had been broken up”,

and a footnote emphasizes the statement by saying, “these seven Kings are the

Edomite Kings”.

 

Edris (Arab.), or Idris. Meaning “the learned One”, an epithet applied by the

Arabs to Enoch.

 

Eggs (Easter). Eggs were symbolical from an early time. There was the “Mundane

Egg”, in which Brahmâ gestated, with the Hindus the Hiranya-Gharba, and the

Mundane Egg of the Egyptians, which proceeds from the mouth of the “unmade and

eternal deity”, Kneph, and which is the emblem of generative power. Then the Egg

of Babylon, which hatched Ishtar, and was said to have fallen from heaven into

the Euphrates. Therefore coloured eggs were used yearly during spring in almost

every country, and in Egypt were exchanged as sacred symbols in the spring-time,

which was, is, and ever will be, the emblem of birth


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or rebirth, cosmic and human, celestial and terrestrial. They were hung up in

Egyptian temples and are so suspended to this day in Mahometan mosques.

 

Egkosmioi (Gk). “The intercosmic gods, each of which presides over a great

number of daemons to whom they impart their power and change it from one to

another at will”, says Proclus, and he adds, that which is taught in the

esoteric doctrine. In his system he shows the uppermost regions from the zenith

of the Universe to the moon belonging to the gods, or planetary Spirits,

according to their hierarchies and classes. The highest among them were the

twelve Huper-ouranioi, the super-celestial gods. Next to the latter, in rank and

power, came the Egkosmioi.

 

Ego (Lat.). “ Self” ; the consciousness in man “I am I”—or the feeling of

“I-am-ship”. Esoteric philosophy teaches the existence of two Egos in man, the

mortal or personal, and the Higher, the Divine and the Impersonal, calling the

former “personality” and the latter “Individuality Egoity. From the word “Ego”.

Egoity means “individuality”, never “personality”, and is the opposite of egoism

or “selfishness”, the characteristic par excellence of the latter.

 

Egregores. Eliphas Lévi calls them “the chiefs of the souls who are the spirits

of energy and action” ; whatever that may or may not mean. The Oriental

Occultists describe the Egregores as Beings whose bodies and essence is a tissue

of the so-called astral light. They are the shadows of the higher Planetary

Spirits whose bodies are of the essence of the higher divine light.

 

Eheyeh (Heb.). “I am”, according to Ibn Gebirol, but not in the sense of “I am

that I am”.

 

Eidolon (Gr.). The same as that which we term the human phantom, the astral

form.

 

Eka (Sk.). “One”; also a synonym of Mahat, the Universal Mind, as the principle

of Intelligence.

 

Ekana-rupa (Sk.). The One (and the Many) bodies or forms; a term applied by the

Purânas to Deity.

 

Ekasloka Shastra (Sk.). A work on the Shastras (Scriptures) by Nagarjuna; a

mystic work translated into Chinese.

 

El-Elion (Heb.). A name of the Deity borrowed by the Jews from the Phœnician

Elon, a name of the Sun.

 

Elementals. Spirits of the Elements. The creatures evolved in the four Kingdoms

or Elements—earth, air, fire, and water. They are called

 
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by the Kabbalists, Gnomes (of the earth), Sylphs (of the air), Salamanders (of

the fire), and Undines (of the water). Except a few of the higher kinds, and

their rulers, they are rather forces of nature than ethereal men and women.

These forces, as the servile agents of the Occultists, may produce various

effects; but if employed by” Elementaries” (q.v.)_in which case they enslave the

mediums—they will deceive the credulous. All the lower invisible beings

generated on the 5th 6th, and 7th planes of our terrestrial atmosphere, are

called Elementals Peris, Devs, Djins, Sylvans, Satyrs, Fauns, Elves, Dwarfs,

Trolls, Kobolds, Brownies, Nixies, Goblins, Pinkies, Banshees, Moss People,

White Ladies, Spooks, Fairies, etc., etc., etc.

 

Elementaries. Properly, the disembodied souls of the depraved; these souls

having at some time prior to death separated from themselves their divine

spirits, and so lost their chance for immortality; but at the present stage of

learning it has been thought best to apply the term to the spooks or phantoms of

disembodied persons, in general, to those whose temporary habitation is the Kâma

Loka. Eliphas Lévi and some other Kabbalists make little distinction between

elementary spirits who have been men, and those beings which people the

elements, and are the blind forces of nature. Once divorced from their higher

triads and their bodies, these souls remain in their Kâma-rupic envelopes, and

are irresistibly drawn to the earth amid elements congenial to their gross

natures. Their stay in the Kâma Loka varies as to its duration; but ends

invariably in disintegration, dissolving like a column of mist, atom by atom, in

the surrounding elements.

 

Elephanta. An island near Bombay, India, on which are the well- preserved ruins

of the cave-temple, of that name. It is one of the most ancient in the country

and is certainly a Cyclopeian work, though the late J. Fergusson has refused it

a great antiquity.

 

Eleusinia (Gr.). The Eleusinian Mysteries were the most famous and the most

ancient of all the Greek Mysteries (save the Samothracian), and were celebrated

near the hamlet of Eleusis, not far from Athens. Epiphanius traces them to the

days of Inachos (1800 B.c.), founded, as another version has it, by Eumolpus, a

King of Thrace and a Hierophant. They were celebrated in honour of Demeter, the

Greek Ceres and the Egyptian Isis; and the last act of the performance referred

to a sacrificial victim of atonement and a resurrection, when the Initiate was

admitted to the highest degree of “Epopt” (q.v.). The festival of the Mysteries

began in the month of Boëdromion (September), the time of grape-gathering, and

 

lasted from the 15th to the 22nd, seven days. The Hebrew feast of Tabernacles,

the feast of Ingatherings, in the month of Ethanim (the seventh), also began on

the 15th and ended on the 22nd of that month,


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The name of the month (Ethanim) is derived, according to some, from Adonim,

Adonia, Attenim, Ethanim, and was in honour of Adonai or Adonis (Thammuz), whose

death was lamented by the Hebrews in the groves of Bethlehem. The sacrifice of

both “ Bread and Wine” was performed before the Mysteries of initiation, and

during the ceremony the mysteries were divulged to the candidates from the

petroma, a kind of book made of two stone tablets (petrai), joined at one side

and made to open like a volume.

(See Isis Unveiled II., pp. 44 and 91, et seq., for further explanations.)

 

Elivagar (Scand.). The waters of Chaos, called in the cosmogony of the Norsemen

“the stream of Elivagar”.

 

Elohîm (Heb.). Also Alhim, the word being variously spelled. Godfrey Higgins,

who has written much upon its meaning, always spells it Aleim. The Hebrew

letters are aleph, lamed, hé,yod, mem, and are numerically 1, 30, 5, 10, 40 =

86. It seems to be the plural of the feminine noun Eloah, ALH, formed by adding

the common plural form IM, a masculine ending; and hence the whole seems to

imply the emitted active and passive essences. As a title it is referred to

“Binah” the Supernal Mother, as is also the fuller title IHVH ALHIM, Jehovah

Elohim. As Binah leads on to seven succeedent Emanations, so “ Elohim” has been

said to represent a sevenfold power of godhead. [ w.w. w.]

 

Eloї (Gn.). The genius or ruler of Jupiter; its Planetary Spirit. (See Origen,

Contra Celsum.)

 

Elu (Sing.). An ancient dialect used in Ceylon.

 

Emanation the Doctrine of. In its metaphysical meaning, it is opposed to

Evolution, yet one with it. Science teaches that evolution is physiologically a

mode of generation in which the germ that develops the foetus pre-exists already

in the parent, the development and final form and characteristics of that germ

being accomplished in nature; and that in cosmology the process takes place

blindly through the correlation of the elements, and their various compounds.

Occultism answers that this is only the apparent  mode, the real process being

Emanation, guided by intelligent Forces under an immutable LAW. Therefore, while

the Occultists and Theosophists believe thoroughly in the doctrine of Evolution

as given out by Kapila and Manu, they are Emanationists rather than

Evolutionists. The doctrine of Emanation was at one time universal. It was

taught by the Alexandrian as well as by the Indian philosophers, by the

Egyptian, the Chaldean and Hellenic Hierophants, and also by the Hebrews (in

their Kabbala, and even in Genesis). For it is only owing to deliberate

mistranslation that the Hebrew word asdt has been translated “angels” from the

Septuagint, when it

 
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means Emanations, Æons, precisely as with the Gnostics. Indeed, in Deuteronomy

(xxxiii., 2) the word asdt or ashdt is translated as” fiery law”, whilst the

correct rendering of the passage should be “from his right hand went [ not a

fiery law, but a fire according to law “; viz., that the fire of one flame is

imparted to, and caught up by another like as in a trail of inflammable

substance. This is precisely emanation. As shown in Isis Unveiled : “In

Evolution, as it is now beginning to he understood, there is supposed to be in

all matter an impulse to take on a higher form—a supposition clearly expressed

by Manu and other Hindu philosophers of the highest antiquity. The philosopher’s

tree illustrates it in the case of the zinc solution. The controversy between

the followers of this school and the Emanationists may he briefly stated thus

The Evolutionist stops all inquiry at the borders of ‘ the Unknowable “; the

Emanationist believes that nothing can be evolved—or, as the word means,

unwombed or born—except it has first been involved, thus indicating that life is

 

from a spiritual potency above the whole.”

 

Empusa (Gr.). A ghoul, a vampire, an evil demon taking various forms.

 

En (or Ain) Soph (Heb.). The endless, limitless and boundless. The absolute

deific Principle, impersonal and unknowable. It means literally “no-thing” i.e.,

nothing that could be classed with anything else. The word and ideas are

equivalent to the Vedantic conceptions of Parabrahmn. [ w.w.w.]

Some Western Kabbalists, however, contrive to make of IT, a personal “He”, a

male deity instead of an impersonal deity.

 

En (Chald.). A negative particle, like a in Greek and Sanskrit. The first

syllable of “En-Soph” (q.v.), or nothing that begins or ends, the “Endless”.

 

Enoichion (Gr.). Lit., the inner Eye” ; the “Seer”, a reference to the third

inner, or Spiritual Eye, the true name for Enoch disfigured from Chanoch.

 

Ens (Gr.). The same as the Greek To On “Being”, or the real Presence in Nature.

 

Ephesus (Gr.). Famous for its great metaphysical College where Occultism

(Gnosis) and Platonic philosophy were taught in the days of the Apostle Paul. A

city regarded as the focus of secret sciences, and that Gnôsis. or Wisdom, which

is the antagonist of the perversion of Christo-Esotericism to this day. It was

at Ephesus where was the great College of the Essenes and all the lore the

Tanaim had brought from the Chaldees,


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Epimetheus (Gr.). Lit., “He who takes counsel after” the event. A brother of

Prometheus in Greek Mythology.

 

Epinoia (Gr.). Thought, invention, design. A name adopted by the Gnostics for

the first passive Æon.

 

Episcopal Crook. One of the insignia of Bishops, derived from the sacerdotal

sceptre of the Etruscan Augurs. it is also found in the hand of several gods.

 

Epoptes (Gr.). An Initiate. One who has passed his last degree of initiation.

 

Eridanus (Lat.). Ardan, the Greek name for the river Jordan.

 

Eros (Gr.). Hesiod makes of the god Eros the third personage of the Hellenic

primordial Trinity composed of Ouranos, Gæa and Eros. It is the personified

procreative Force in nature in its abstract sense, the propeller to “creation”

and procreation. Exoterically, mythology makes of Eros the god of lustful,

animal desire, whence the term erotic esoterically, it is different. (See “

Kâma”.)

 

Eshmim (Heb.). The Heavens, the Firmament in which are the Sun, Planets and

Stars; from the root Sm, meaning to place, dispose ; hence, the planets, as

disposers. [ w. w.w.]

 

Esoteric (Gr.). Hidden, secret. From the Greek esotericos, “inner” concealed.

 

Esoteric Bodhism. Secret wisdom or intelligence from the Greek esotericos

“inner”, and the Sanskrit Bodhi, “knowledge”, intelligence— in contradistinction

to Buddhi, “the faculty of knowledge or intelligence” and Buddhism, the

philosophy or Law of Buddha (the Enlightened). Also written “ Budhism”, from

Budha (Intelligence and Wisdom) the Son of Soma.

 

Essasua. The African and Asiatic sorcerers and serpent charmers.

 

Essenes. A hellenized word, from the Hebrew Asa, a “healer”. A mysterious sect

of Jews said by Pliny to have lived near the Dead Sea per millia sæculorum—for

thousands of ages. “ Some have supposed them to be extreme Pharisees, and

others—which may be the true theory—the descendants of the

Benim-nabim of the Bible, and think that they were ‘Kenites and Nazarites. They

had many Buddhistic ideas and practices; and it is noteworthy that the priests

of the Great Mother at Ephesus, Diana-Bhavani with many breasts, were also so

denominated. Eusebius, and after him De Quincey, declared them to be the same as

the early Christians, which is more than probable. The title ‘ brother’, used in

the early Church, was Essenean ; they were a fraternity, or a koinobion or

community like the early converts.”

(Isis Unveiled.)

 

Ether. Students are but too apt to confuse this with Akâsa and with


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Astral Light. It is neither, in the sense in which ether is described by

physical Science. Ether is a material agent, though hitherto undetected by any

physical apparatus; whereas Akâsa is a distinctly spiritual agent, identical, in

one sense, with the Anima Mundi, while the Astral Light is only the seventh and

highest principle of the terrestrial atmosphere, as undetectable as Akâsa and

real Ether, because it is something quite on another plane. The seventh

principle of the earth’s atmosphere, as said, the Astral Light, is only the

second on the Cosmic scale. The scale of Cosmic Forces, Principles and Planes,

of Emanations—on the metaphysical—and Evolutions—on the physical plane—is the

Cosmic Serpent biting its own tail, the Serpent reflecting the Higher, and

reflected in its turn by the lower Serpent. The Caduceus explains the mystery,

and the four-fold Dodecahedron on the model of which the universe is said by

Plato to have been built by the manifested Logos—synthesized by the unmanifested

First-Born—yields geometrically the key to Cosmogony and its microcosmic

reflection—our Earth.

 

Eurasians. An abbreviation of “European-Asians”. The mixed coloured races: the

children of the white fathers and the dark mothers of India, or vice versa.

 

Evapto. Initiation; the same as Epopteia.

 

Evolution. The development of higher orders of animals from lower. As said in

Isis Unveiled: “Modern Science holds but to a one-sided physical evolution,

prudently avoiding and ignoring the higher or spiritual evolution, which would

force our contemporaries to confess the superiority of the ancient philosophers

and psychologists over themselves. The ancient sages, ascending to the

UNKNOWABLE, made their starting- point from the first manifestation of the

unseen, the unavoidable, and, from a strictly logical reasoning, the absolutely

necessary creative Being, the Demiurgos of the universe. Evolution began with

them from pure spirit, which descending lower and lower down, assumed at last a

visible and comprehensible form, and became matter. Arrived at this point, they

speculated in the Darwinian method, but on a far more large and comprehensive

basis.” (See “Emanation”.)

 

Exoteric. Outward, public; the opposite of esoteric or hidden.

 

Extra-Cosmic. Outside of Kosmos or Nature; a nonsensical word invented to assert

the existence of a personal god, independent of, or out side, Nature per se, in

opposition to the Pantheistic idea that the whole Kosmos is animated or informed

with the Spirit of Deity, Nature being but the garment, and matter the illusive

shadow, of the real unseen Presence.

 

Eye of Horus. A very sacred symbol in ancient Egypt. It was


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called the outa the right eye represented the sun, the left, the moon. Says

Macrobius : “ The outo (or uta) is it not the emblem of the sun, king of the

world, who from his elevated throne sees all the Universe below him”?

 

Eyes (divine). The “eyes” the Lord Buddha developed in him at the twentieth hour

of his vigil when sitting under the BO-tree, when he was attaining Buddhaship.

They are the eyes of the glorified Spirit, to which matter is no longer a

 

physical impediment, and which have the power of seeing all things within the

space of the limitless Universe. 0n the following morning of that night, at the

close of the third watch, the “ Merciful One” attained the Supreme Knowledge.

 

Ezra (Heb.). The Jewish priest and scribe, who, circa 450 B.c., compiled the

Pentateuch if indeed he was not the author of it) and the rest of the Old

Testament, except Nehemiah and Malachi. [w.w.w.]

 

Ezra (Heb.). The same as Azareel and Azriel, a great Hebrew Kabbalist. His full

name is Rabbi Azariel ben Manahem. He flourished at Valladolid, Spain, in the

twelfth century, and was famous as a philosopher and Kabbalist. He is the author

of a work on the Ten Sephiroth.

                                                                                 

                          

F 


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F —The sixth letter of the English alphabet, for which there is no equivalent in

Hebrew. It is the double F F of the Æolians which became the Digamma for some

mysterious reasons. It corresponds to the Greek phi. As a Latin numeral it

denotes 40, with a dash over the letter (F) 400,000.

 

Faces (Kabbalistic), or, as in Hebrew, Partzupheem. The word usually refers to

Areekh Anpeen or Long Face, and Zeir-Anpeen, or Short Face, and Resha Hivrah the

“White Head” or Face. The Kabbala states that from the moment of their

appearance (the hour of differentiation of matter) all the material for future

forms was contained in the three Heads which are one, and called Atteekah

Kadosha

(Holy Ancients and the Faces). It is when the Faces look toward each other, that

the Holy Ancients” in three Heads, or Atteekah Kadosha, are called Areek

Appayem, i.e., “Long Faces”. (See Zohar iii., 292a.) This refers to the three

 

Higher Principles, cosmic and human.

 

Fafnir (Scand.). The Dragon of Wisdom.

 

Fahian (Chin.). A Chinese traveller and writer in the early centuries of

Christianity, who wrote on Buddhism.

 

Fa-Hwa-King (Chin.). A Chinese work on Cosmogony.

 

Faizi (Arab.). Literally the “heart”. A writer on occult and mystic subjects.

 

Fakir (Arab.). A Mussulman ascetic in India, a Mahometan “Yogi”. The name is

often applied, though erroneously. to Hindu ascetics; for strictly speaking only

Mussulman ascetics are entitled to it. This loose way of calling things by

general names was adopted in Isis Unveiled but is now altered.

 

Falk, Caїn Chenul. A Kabbalistic Jew, reputed to have worked “miracles”. Kenneth

Mackenzie quotes in regard to him from the German annalist Archenoiz’ work on

England (1788) :—“ There exists in London an extraordinary man who for thirty

years has been celebrated in Kabbalistic records. He is named Caїn Chenul Falk.

A certain Count de Rautzow, lately dead in the service of France, with the rank

of Field-Marshal, certifies that he has seen this Falk in Brunswick, and that

evocations of spirits took place in the presence of credible witnesses.” These

“spirits” were Elementals, whom Falk brought into


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view by the conjurations used by every Kabbalist. His son, Johann Friedrich

Falk, likewise a Jew, was also a Kabbalist of repute, and was once the head of a

Kabbalistic college in London. His occupation was that of a jeweller and

appraiser of diamonds, and he was a wealthy man. To this day the mystic writings

and rare Kabbalistic works bequeathed by him to a trustee may be perused in a

certain half-public library in London, by every genuine student of Occultism.

Falk’s own writings are all still in MS., and some in cypher.

 

Farbauti (Scand.). A giant in the Edda; lit., “the oarsman”; the father of Loki,

whose mother was the giantess Laufey (leafy isle); a genealogy which makes W. S.

W. Anson remark in Asgard and the Gods that probably the oarsman or Farbauti

“was the giant who saved himself from the flood in a boat, and the latter

(Laufey) the island to which he rowed”—which is an additional variation of the

Deluge.

 

Fargard (Zend.). A section or chapter of verses in the Vendidad of the Parsis.

 

Farvarshi (Mazd.). The same as Ferouer, or the opposite (as contrasted) double.

The spiritual counterpart of the still more spiritual original. Thus, Ahriman is

the Ferouer or the Farvarshi of Ormuzd— “demon est deus inversus”—Satan of God.

Michael the Archangel, “he like god”, is a Ferouer of that god. A Farvarshi is

the shadowy or dark side of a Deity—or its darker lining.

 

Ferho (Gnost.). The highest and greatest creative power with the Nazarene

Gnostics.

(Codex Nazaræus.)

 

Fetahil (Gr.). The lower creator, in the same Codex.

 

First Point. Metaphysically the first point of manifestation, the germ of

primeval differentiation, or the point in the infinite Circle “whose centre is

everywhere, and circumference nowhere“.

The Point is the Logos.

 

Fire (Living). A figure of speech to denote deity, the “One” life. A theurgic

term, used later by the Rosicrucians. The symbol of the living fire is the sun,

certain of whose rays develope the fire of life in a diseased body, impart the

knowledge of the future to the sluggish mind, and stimulate to active function a

certain psychic and generally dormant faculty in man. The meaning is very

occult.

 

Fire-Philosophers. The name given to the Hermetists and Alchemists of the Middle

Ages, and also to the Rosicrucians. The latter, the successors of the

Theurgists, regarded fire as the symbol of Deity. It was the source, not only of

material atoms, but the container of the spiritual and psychic Forces energizing

them. Broadly analyzed, fire is

 
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a triple principle; esoterically, a septenary, as are all the rest of the

Elements. As man is composed of Spirit, Soul and Body, plus a four fold aspect:

so is Fire. As in the works of Robert Fludd (de Fluctibus) one of the famous

Rosicrucians, Fire contains (1) a visible flame (Body); (2) an invisible, astral

fire (Soul); and (3) Spirit. The four aspects are heat (life), light (mind),

electricity (Kâmic, or molecular powers) and the Synthetic Essence, beyond

Spirit, or the radical cause of its existence and manifestation. For the

Hermetist or Rosicrucian, when a flame is extinct on the objective plane it has

only passed from the seen world unto the unseen, from the knowable into the

unknowable.

 

Fifty Gates of Wisdom (Kab.). The number is a blind, and there are really 49

gates, for Moses, than whom the Jewish world has no higher adept, reached,

according to the Kabbalas, and passed only the 49th. These “gates” typify the

different planes of Being or Ens. They are thus the “gates” of Life and the

“gates” of understanding or degrees of occult knowledge. These 49 (or 50) gates

correspond to the seven gates in the seven caves of Initiation into the

Mysteries of Mithra (see Celsus and Kircher). ‘I’he division of the 50 gates

into five chief gates, each including ten—is again a blind. It is in the fourth

gate of these five, from which begins, ending at the tenth, the world of

Planets, thus making seven, corresponding to the seven lower Sephiroth—that the

key to their meaning lies hidden. They are also called the “gates of Binah” or

understanding.

 

Flagæ(Herm.). A name given by Paracelsus to a particular kind of guardian angels

or genii.

 

Flame (Holy). The “ Holy Flame” is the name given by the Eastern Asiatic

Kabbalists (Semites) to the Anima Mundi the “world- soul” The Initiates were

called the “Sons of the Holy Flame.

 

Fludd (Robert), generally known as Robertus de Fluctibus, the chief of the

“Philosophers by Fire”. A celebrated English Hermetist of the sixteenth century,

and a voluminous writer. He wrote on the essence of gold and other mystic and

occult subjects.

 

Fluvii Transitus (Lat.). Or crossing of the River (Chebar). Cornelius Agrippa

gives this alphabet. In the Ars Quatuor Coronatorum, Vol. III., part 2, 1890,

which work is the Report of the proceedings of the Quatuor Coronati Lodge of

Freemasons, No. 2076, will be found copies of this alphabet, and also the

curious old letters called Melachim, and the Celestial alphabet, supplied by W.

Wynn Westcott, P.M. This Lodge seems to be the only one in England which really

does study “the hidden mysteries of Nature and Science” in earnest.

 

Fohat (Tib.). A term used to represent the active (male) potency of


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the Sakti (female reproductive power) in nature. The essence of cosmic

electricity. An occult Tibetan term for Daiviprakriti primordial light: and in

the universe of manifestation the ever-present electrical energy and ceaseless

destructive and formative power. Esoterically, it is the same, Fohat being the

universal propelling Vital Force, at once the propeller and the resultant.

 

Foh-tchou (Chin.). Lit., “Buddha’s Lord”, meaning, however, simply the teacher

of the doctrines of Buddha. Foh means a Guru who lives generally in a temple of

Sakyamuni Buddha—the Foh-Maeyu.

 

Fons Yitæ (Lat.). A work of Ibn Gehirol, the Arabian Jewish philosopher of the

Xlth century, who called it Me-gôr Hayyûn or the “Fountain of Life” (De Materia

Universali and Fons Vitæ). The Western Kabbalists have proclaimed it a really

Kabbalistic work. Several MSS.,Latin and Hebrew, of this wonderful production

have been discovered by scholars in public libraries; among others one by Munk,

in 1802. The Latin name of Ibn Gebirol was Avicebron, a name well-known to all

Oriental scholars.

 

FourAnimals. The symbolical animals of the vision of Ezekiel (the Mercabah). “

With the first Christians the celebration of the Mysteries of the Faith was

accompanied by the burning of seven lights, with incense, the Trishagion, and

the reading of the book of the gospels, upon which was wrought, both on covers

and pages, the winged man, lion, bull, and eagle” (Qabbalah, by Isaac Myer,

LL.B.). To this day these animals are represented along with the four

Evangelists and prefixing their respective gospels in the editions of the Greek

Church. Each represents one of the four lower classes of worlds or planes, into

the similitude of which each personality is cast. Thus the Eagle (associated

with St. John) represents cosmic Spirit or Ether, the all-piercing Eye of the

Seer; the Bull of St. Luke, the waters of Life, the all-generating element and

cosmic strength ; the Lion of St. Mark, fierce energy, undaunted courage and

cosmic fire; while the human Head or the Angel, which stands near St. Matthew is

the synthesis of all three combined in the higher Intellect of man, and in

cosmic Spirituality. All these symbols are Egyptian, Chaldean, and Indian. The

Eagle, Bull and Lion-headed gods are plentiful, and all represented the same

idea, whether in the Egyptian, Chaldean, Indian or Jewish religions, but

beginning with the Astral body they went no higher than the cosmic Spirit or the

Higher Manas—Atma-Buddhi, or Absolute Spirit and Spiritual Soul its vehicle,

being incapable of being symbolised by concrete images.

 

Fravasham (Zend). Absolute spirit.

 

Freya or Frigga (Scand.). In the Edda, Frigga is the mother of the gods like

Aditi in the Vedas. She is identical with the Northern Frea of


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the Germans, and in her lowest aspect was worshipped as the all- nourishing

Mother Earth. She was seated on her golden throne, formed of webs of golden

light, with three divine virgins as her handmaidens and messengers, and was

occupied with spinning golden threads with which to reward good men. She is Isis

and Diana at the same time, for she is also Holda, the mighty huntress, and she

is Ceres-Demeter, who protects agriculture—the moon and nature.

 

Frost Giants or Hrimthurses (Scand.). They are the great builders, the Cyclopes

and Titans of the Norsemen, and play a prominent part in the Edda. It is they

who build the strong wall round Asgard (the Scandinavian Olympus) to protect it

from the Jotuns, the wicked giants.

 

Fylfot (Scand.). A weapon of Thor, like the Swastika, or the Jaina, the

four-footed cross ; generally called “Thor’s Hammer”.

                                                                                

              

G  


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G •—The seventh letter in the English alphabet. “In Greek, Chaldean, Syriac,

Hebrew, Assyrian, Samaritan, Etrurian, Coptic, in the modern Romaic and Gothic,

it occupies the third place in the alphabet, while in Cyrillic, Glagolitic,

Croat, Russian, Servian and Wallachian, it stands fourth.” As the name of “god”

begins with this letter (in Syriac, gad; Swedish, gud: German, gott; English,

god; Persian, gada, etc., etc.), there is an occult reason for this which only

the students of esoteric philosophy and of the Secret Doctrine, explained

esoterically, will understand thoroughly; it refers to the three logoi—the

last,the Elohim, and the emanation of the latter, the androgynous Adam Kadmon.

All these peoples have derived the name of “god” from their respective

traditions, the more or less clear echoes of the esoteric tradition. Spoken and

“Silent Speech” (writing) are a “gift of the gods”, say all the national

traditions, from the old Aryan Sanskrit-speaking people who claim that their

alphabet, the Devanâgari (lit., the language of the devas or gods) was given to

them from heaven, down to the Jews, who speak of an alphabet, the parent of the

one which has survived, as having been a celestial and mystical symbolism given

by the angels to the patriarchs. Hence, every letter had its manifold meaning. A

symbol itself of a celestial being and objects, it was in its turn represented

on earth by like corresponding objects whose form symbolised the shape of the

letter. The present letter, called in Hebrew gimel and symbolised by a long

camel’s neck, or rather a serpent erect, is associated with the third sacred

divine name, Ghadol or Magnus (great). Its numeral is four, the Tetragrammaton

and the sacred Tetraktys; hence its sacredness. With other people it stood for

400 and with a dash over it, for 400,000.

 

Gabriel. According to the Gnostics, the “Spirit” or Christos, the “messenger of

life”, and Gabriel are one. The former “is called some-times the Angel Gabriel

Hebrew ‘the mighty one of God’,” and took with the Gnostics the place of the

Logos, while the Holy Spirit was considered one with the Æon Life,

(see Irenæus I., xii.). Therefore we find Theodoret saying (in Hævet. Fab., II

vii.) : “ The heretics agree with us (Christians) respecting the beginning of

all things. But they say there is not one Christ (God), but one above and the

other below. And this last formerly dwelt in many; but the Jesus, they at one

time say is from God, at another they call him a Spirit;” The key to this is

given


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in the esoteric philosophy. The “spirit” with the Gnostics was a female potency

exoterically, it was the ray proceeding from the Higher Manas, the Ego, and that

which the Esotericists refer to as the Kâma Manas or the lower personal Ego,

which is radiated in every human entity by the Higher Ego or Christos, the god

within us. Therefore, they were right in saying: “there is not one Christ, but

one above and the other below”. Every student of Occultism will understand this,

and also that Gabriel—or “the mighty one of God”—is one with the Higher Ego.

(See Isis Unveiled.)

 

Gæa (Gr.). Primordial Matter, in the Cosmogony of Hesiod; Earth, as some think;

the wife of Ouranos, the sky or heavens. The female personage of the primeval

Trinity, composed of Ouranos, Gæa and Eros.

 

Gaffarillus. An Alchemist and philosopher who lived in the middle of the

seventeenth century. He is the first philosopher known to maintain that every

natural object (e.g., plants, living creatures, etc.), when burned, retained its

form in its ashes and that it could be raised again from them. This claim was

justified by the eminent chemist Du Chesne, and after him Kircher, Digby and

 

Vallemont have assured themselves of the fact, by demonstrating that the astral

forms of burned plants could be raised from their ashes. A receipt for raising

such astral phantoms of flowers is given in a work of Oetinger, Thoughts on the

Birth and Generation of Things.

 

Gaganeswara (Sk.). “Lord of the Sky”, a name of Garuda.

 

Gal-hinnom (Heb.) The name of Hell in the Talmud.

 

Gambatrin (Scand.). The name of Hermodur’s “magic staff” in the Edda.

 

Ganadevas (Sk.)A certain class of celestial Beings who are said to inhabit

Maharloka. They are the rulers of our Kalpa (Cycle) and therefore termed

Kalpâdhikârins, or Lord of the Kalpas. They last only “One Day” of Brahmâ.

 

 

Gandapada (Sk.) A celebrated Brahman teacher, the author of the Commentaries on

the Sankhya Karika, Mandukya Upanishad, and other works.

 

Gândhâra (Sk.) A musical note of great occult power in the Hindu gamut—the third

of the diatonic scale.

 

Gandharva (Sk.) The celestial choristers and musicians of India. in the Vedas

these deities reveal the secrets of heaven and earth and esoteric science to

mortals. They had charge of the sacred Soma plant and its juice, the ambrosia

drunk in the temple which gives “omniscience".

 

Gan-Eden (Heb.) Also Ganduniyas. (See “Eden”.)

 

Ganesa (Sk.) The elephant-headed God of Wisdom, the son of Siva.


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He is the same as the Egyptian Thoth-Hermes, and Anubis or Hermanubis (q.v.).

The legend shows him as having lost his human head, which was replaced by that

of an elephant.

 

Gangâ (Sk.) The Ganges, the principal sacred river in India. There are two

versions of its myth: one relates that Gangâ (the goddess) having transformed

herself into a river, flows from the big toe of Vishnu; the other, that the

Gangâ drop from the ear of Siva into the Anavatapta lake, thence passes out,

through the mouth of the silver cow (gômukhi), crosses all Eastern India and

falls into the Southern Ocean. “An ‘heretical superstition ”, remarks Mr. Eitel

in his Sanskrit, Chinese Dictionary “ascribes to the waters of the Ganges

sin-cleansing power” No more a “superstition” one would say, than the belief

that the waters of Baptism and the Jordan have “sin-cleansing power”.

 

Gangâdwâra (Sk.) “The gate or door of the Ganges”, literally; the name of a town

now called Hardwar, at the foot of the Himalayas.

 

Gangi (Sk.) A renowned Sorcerer in the time of Kâsyapa Buddha (a predecessor of

Gautama). Gangi was regarded as an incarnation of Apalâla, the Nâga (Serpent),

the guardian Spirit of the Sources of Subhavastu, a river in Udyâna. Apalâla is

said to have been converted by Gautama Buddha, to the good Law, and become an

Arhat. The allegory of the name is comprehensible : all the Adepts and Initiates

were called nâgas, “ Serpents of Wisdom”.

 

Ganinnânse. A Singhalese priest who has not yet been ordained—from gana, an

assemblage or brotherhood. The higher ordained priests “are called terunnânse

from the Pali théro, an elder”(Hardy).

 

Garm (Scand.). The Cerberus of the Edda. This monstrous dog lived in the Gnypa

cavern in front of the dwelling of Hel, the goddess of the nether-world.

 

Garuda (Sk.) A gigantic bird in the Ramâyana, the steed of Vishnu.

Esoterically—the symbol of the great Cycle.

 

Gâthâ (Sk.) Metrical chants or hymns, consisting of moral aphorisms. A gâthâ of

thirty-two words is called Âryâgiti.

 

Gâti (Sk.) The six (esoterically seven) conditions of sentient existence. These

are divided into two groups: the three higher and the three lower paths. To the

former belong the devas, the asuras and (immortal) men; to the latter (in

exoteric teachings) creatures in hell, prêtas or hungry demons, and animals.

Explained esoterically, however, the last three are the personalities in

Kâmaloka, elementals and animals. The seventh mode of existence is that of the

Nirmanakâya (q.v.).

 

Gâtra (Sk.) Lit., the limbs (of Brahmâ) from which the “mind-born” sons, the

seven Kumâras, were born.


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Gautama (Sk.) The Prince of Kapilavastu, son of Sudhôdana, the Sâkya king of a

small realm on the borders of Nepaul, born in the seventh century B.c., now

called the “Saviour of the World”. Gautama or Gôtama was the sacerdotal name of

the Sâkya family, and Sidhârtha was Buddha’s name before he became a Buddha.

Sâkya Muni, means the Saint of the Sâkya family. Born a simple mortal he rose to

Buddhaship through his own personal and unaided merit. A man—verily greater than

any god!

 

Gayâ (Sk.) Ancient city of Magadha, a little north-west of the modern Gayah. It

is at the former that Sakyamuni reached his Buddha- ship, under the famous

Bodhi-tree, Bodhidruma.

 

Gayâtri (Sk.) also Sâvitri. A most sacred verse, addressed to the Sun, in the

Rig -Veda, which the Brahmans have to repeat mentally every morn and eve during

their devotions.

 

Geber (Heb.) or Gibborim. “Mighty men”; the same as the Kabirim. In heaven, they

are regarded as powerful angels, on earth as the giants mentioned in chapter vi.

of Genesis.

 

Gebirol, Solomon Ben Jehudah. Called in literature Avicebron. An Israelite by

birth, a philosopher, poet and Kabbalist, a voluminous writer and a mystic. He

was born in the eleventh Century at Malaga (1021), educated at Saragossa, and

died at Valencia in 1070, murdered by a Mahommedan. His fellow-religionists

called him Salomon the Sephardi, or the Spaniard, and the Arabs, Abu Ayyub

Suleiman ben ya’hya Ibn Dgebirol; whilst the scholastics named him Avicebron.

(See Myer’s Qabbalah.) Ibn Gebirol was certainly one of the greatest

philosophers and scholars of his age. He wrote much in Arabic and most of his

MSS. have been preserved. His greatest work appears to be the Megôr Hayyîm,

i.e., the Fountain of Life, “one of the earliest exposures of the secrets of the

Speculative Kabbalah”, as his biographer informs us. (See “Fons Vitæ”.)

 

Geburah (Heb.) A Kabbalistic term ; the fifth Sephira, a female and passive

potency, meaning severity and power; from it is named the Pillar of Severity. [

w. w w.]

 

 

Gedulah (Heb.) Another name for the Sephira Chesed.

 

Gehenna, in Hebrew Hinnom. No hell at all, but a valley near Jerusalem, where

Israelites immolated their children to Moloch. In that valley a place named

Tophet was situated, where a fire was perpetually preserved for sanitary

purposes. The prophet Jeremiah informs us that his countrymen, the Jews, used to

sacrifice their children on that spot.

 

Gehs (Zend) Parsi prayers.

 

Gelukpa (Tib.) “Yellow Caps” literally ; the highest and most


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orthodox Buddhist sect in Tibet, the antithesis of the Dugpa (“Red Caps”), the

old “devil worshippers”.

 

Gemara (Heb.) The latter portion of the Jewish Talmud, begun by Rabbi Ashi and

completed by Rabbi Mar and Meremar, about 300 A.D. [w.w.w.] Lit., to finish. It

is a commentary on the Mishna.

 

Gematria (Heb.) A division of the practical Kabbalah. It shows the numerical

value of Hebrew words by summing up the values of the letters composing them and

further, it shows by this means, analogies between words and phrases. [w.w.w.]

One of the methods (arithmetical) for extracting the hidden meaning from

letters, words and sentences.

 

Gems, Three precious. In Southern Buddhism these are the sacred books, the

Buddhas and the priesthood. In Northern Buddhism and its secret schools, the

Buddha, his sacred teachings, and the Narjols (Buddhas of Compassion).

 

Genesis. The whole of the Book of Genesis down to the death of Joseph, is found

to he a hardly altered version of the Cosmogony of the Chaldeans, as is now

repeatedly proven from the Assyrian tiles. The first three chapters are

transcribed from the allegorical narratives of the beginnings common to all

nations. Chapters four and five are a new allegorical adaptation of the same

narration in the secret Book of Numbers; chapter six is an astronomical

narrative of the Solar year and the seven cosmocratores from the Egyptian

original of the Pymander and the symbolical visions of a series of Enoichioi

(Seers)—from whom came also the Book of Enoch. The beginning of Exodus, and the

story of Moses is that of the Babylonian Sargon, who having flourished (as even

that unwilling authority Dr. Sayce tells us) 3750 B.C. preceded the Jewish

lawgiver by almost 2300 years. (See Secret Doctrine, vol. II., pp. 691 et seq.)

Nevertheless, Genesis is an undeniably esoteric work. It has not borrowed, nor

has it disfigured the universal symbols and teachings on the lines of which it

was written, but simply adapted the eternal truths to its own national spirit

and clothed them in cunning allegories comprehensible only to its Kabbalists and

Initiates. The Gnostics have done the same, each sect in its own way, as

thousands of years before, India, Egypt, Chaldea and Greece, had also dressed

the same incommunicable truths each in its own national garb. The key and

solution to all such narratives can be found only in the esoteric teachings.

 

Genii (Lat.) A name for Æons, or angels, with the Gnostics. The names of their

hierarchies and classes are simply legion.

 

Geonic Period. The era of the Geonim may be found mentioned in


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works treating of the Kabbalah ; the ninth century AD. is implied. [ w. w.w.]

 

Gharma (Sk.) A title of Karttikeya, the Indian god of war and the Kumâra born of

Siva’s drop of sweat that fell into the Ganges.

 

Ghôcha (Sk.) Lit., “the miraculous Voice”. The name of a great Arhat, the author

of Abhidharmamrita

Shastra, who restored sight to a blind man by anointing his eyes with the tears

of the audience moved by his (Ghôcha’s) supernatural eloquence.

 

Gilgoolem (Heb.) The cycle of rebirths with the Hebrew Kabbalists; with the

orthodox Kabbalists, the “whirling of the soul” after death, which finds-no rest

until it reaches Palestine, the “promised land”, and its body is buried there.

 

Gimil (Scand.). “The Cave of Gimil” or Wingolf. A kind of Heaven or Paradise, or

perhaps a New Jerusalem, built by the “Strong and Mighty God” who remains

nameless in the Edda, above the Field of Ida, and after the new earth rose out

of the waters.

 

Ginnungagap (Scand.). The “cup of illusion” literally ; the abyss of the great

deep, or the shoreless, beginningless, and endless, yawning gulf; which in

esoteric parlance we call the “World’s Matrix”, the primordial living space. The

cup that contains the universe, hence the “cup of illusion”.

 

Giöl (Scand.) The, Styx, the river Giöl which had to be crossed before the

nether-world was reached, or the cold Kingdom of Hel. It was spanned by a

gold-covered bridge, which led to the gigantic iron fence that encircles the

palace of the Goddess of the Under-World or Hel.

 

Gna (Scand.) One of the three handmaidens of the goddess Freya. She is a female

Mercury who bears her mistress’ messages into all parts of the world.

 

Gnâna (Sk.) Knowledge as applied to the esoteric sciences.

 

Gnân Devas (Sk.) Lit., “the gods of knowledge”. The higher classes of gods or

devas; the “mind-born” sons of Brahmâ, and others including the Manasa-putras

(the Sons of Intellect). Esoterically, our reincarnating Egos.

 

Gnânasakti (Sk.) The power of true knowledge, one of the seven great forces in

Nature (six, exoterically).

 

Gnatha (Sk.) The Kosmic Ego; the conscious, intelligent Soul of Kosmos.

 

Gnomes (Alch.) The Rosicrucian name for the mineral and earth elementals,


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Gnôsis (Gr.) Lit., “knowledge”. The technical term used by the schools of

religious philosophy, both before and during the first centuries of so-called

Christianity, to denote the object of their enquiry. This Spiritual and Sacred

Knowledge, the Gupta Vidya of the Hindus, could only be obtained by Initiation

into Spiritual Mysteries of which the ceremonial “Mysteries” were a type.

 

Gnostics (Gr.) The philosophers who formulated and taught the Gnôsis or

Knowledge (q.v.). They flourished in the first three centuries of the Christian

era: the following were eminent, Valentinus, Basilides, Marcion, Simon Magus,

etc. [ w.w. w.]

 

Gnypa (Scand.) The cavern watched by the dog Garm (q.v.).

 

Gogard (Zend.) The Tree of Life in the Avesta.

 

Golden Age. The ancients divided the life cycle into the Golden, Silver, Bronze

and Iron Ages. The Golden was an age of primeval purity, simplicity and general

happiness.

 

Gonpa (Tib.) A temple or monastery; a Lamasery.

 

Gonpîs (Sk.). Shepherdesses — the playmates and companions of Krishna, among

whom was his wife Raddha.

 

Gossain (Sk.). The name of a certain class of ascetics in India.

 

Great Age. There were several “great ages” mentioned by the ancients. In India

it embraced the whole Maha-manvantara, the “age of Brahmâ”, each “Day” of which

represents the life cycle of a chain—i.e. it embraces a period of seven Rounds.

(See Esoteric Buddhism, by A. P. Sinnett.) Thus while a “Day” and a “Night”

represent, as Manvantara and Pralaya, 8,640,000,000 years, an “age” lasts

through a period of  311,040,000,000,000 years; after which the Pralaya, or

dissolution of the universe, becomes universal. With the Egyptians and Greeks

the “great age” referred only to the tropical or sidereal year, the duration of

which is 25,868 solar years. Of the complete age—that of the gods— they say

nothing, as it was a matter to he discussed and divulged only in the Mysteries,

during the initiating ceremonies. The “great age” of the Chaldees was the same

in figures as that of the Hindus.

 

Grihastha (Sk.) Lit., “a householder”, “one who lives in a house with his

family”. A Brahman “ family priest” in popular rendering, and the sarcerdotal

hierarchy of the Hindus.

 

Guardian Wall. A suggestive name given to the host of translated adepts

(Narjols) or the Saints collectively, who are supposed to watch over, help and

protect Humanity. This is the so-called “Nirmanâkâya” doctrine in Northern

mystic Buddhism. (See Voice of the Silence, Part III.)

 

Guff (Heb.) Body; physical form; also written Gof.


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Guhya (Sk.) Concealed, secret.

 

Guhya Vidyâ(Sk.) The secret knowledge of mystic Mantras.

 

Gullweig (Scand.) The personification of the “golden” ore. It is said in the

Edda that during the Golden Age, when lust for gold and wealth was yet unknown

to man, “when the gods played with golden disks, and no passion disturbed the

rapture of mere existence”, the whole earth was happy. But, no sooner does

“Gullweig (Gold ore) the bewitching enchantress come, who, thrice cast into the

fire, arises each time more beautiful than before, and fills the souls of gods

and men with unappeasable longing ”, than all became changed. It is then that

the Norns, the Past, Present and Future, entered into being, the blessed peace

of childhood’s dreams passed away and Sin came into existence with all its evil

consequences. (Asgard and the Gods.)

 

Gunas (Sk) Qualities, attributes (See“ Triguna”) ; a thread, also a cord.

 

Gunavat (Sk.) That which is endowed with qualities.

 

Gupta Vidyâ (Sk.) The same as Guhya Vidyâ; Esoteric or Secret Science;

knowledge.

 

Guru (Sk.) Spiritual Teacher; a master in metaphysical and ethical doctrines;

used also for a teacher of any science.

 

Guru Deva (Sk.) Lit., “divine Master”.

 

Gyan-Ben-Giân (Pers.) The King of the Peris, the Sylphs, in the old mythology of

Iran.

 

Gyges (Gr.) “The ring of Gyges” has become a familiar metaphor in European

literature. Gyges was a Lydian who, after murdering the King Candaules, married

his widow. Plato tells us that Gyges descended once into a chasm of the earth

and discovered a brazen horse, within whose open side was the skeleton of a man

who had a brazen ring on his finger. This ring when placed on his own finger

made him invisible.

 

Gymnosophists (Gr.) The name given by Hellenic writers to a class of naked or

“air-clad” mendicants; ascetics in India, extremely learned and endowed with

great mystic powers. It is easy to recognise in these gymnosophists the Hindu

Aranyaka of old, the learned yogis and ascetic- philosophers who retired to the

jungle and forest, there to reach, through great austerities, superhuman

knowledge and experience.

 

Gyn (Tib.) Knowledge acquired under the tuition of an adept teacher or guru.

                                                                                 

                                           

H   


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H ,—The eighth letter and aspirate of the English alphabet, and also the eighth

in the Hebrew. As a Latin numeral it signifies 200, and with the addition of a

dash 200,000; in the Hebrew alphabet Châth is equivalent to h, corresponds to

eight, and is symbolised by a Fence and Venus according to Seyffarth, being in

affinity and connected with Hê, and therefore with the opening or womb. It is

pre-eminently a Yonic letter.

 

Ha (Sk.) A magic syllable used in sacred formulæ it represents the power of

Akâsa Sakti. Its efficacy lies in the expirational accent and the sound

produced.

 

Habal de Garmin (Heb.) According to the Kabbalah this is the Resurrection Body:

a tzelem image or demooth similitude to the deceased man; an inner fundamental

spiritual type remaining after death. It is the “Spirit of the Bones ” mentioned

in Daniel and Isaiah and the Psalms, and is referred to in the Vision of Ezekiel

about the clothing of the dry bones with life: consult C, de Leiningen on the

Kabbalah, T.P.S. Pamphlet, Vol. II., No. 18. [ w. w.w.]

 

Hachoser (Heb.) Lit., “reflected Lights”; a name for the minor or inferior

powers, in the Kabbalah.

 

Hades (Gr.), or Aїdes. The “invisible”, i.e., the land of the shadows, one of

whose regions was Tartarus, a place of complete darkness, like the region of

profound dreamless sleep in the Egyptian Amenti. Judging by the allegorical

description of the various punishments inflicted therein, the place was purely

Karmic. Neither Hades nor Amenti were the hell still preached by some retrograde

priests and clergymen; but whether represented by the Elysian Fields or by

Tartarus, Hades was a place of retributive justice and no more. This could only

be reached by crossing the river to the “other shore”, i.e. by crossing the

river Death, and being once more reborn, for weal or for woe. As well expressed

in Egyptian Belief: “The story of Charon, the ferryman (of the, Styx) is to be

found not only in Homer, but in the poetry of many lands. The River must be

crossed before gaining the Isles of the Blest. The Ritual of Egypt described a

Charon and his boat long ages before Homer. He is Khu-en-ua, the hawk-headed

steersman.”

(See “Amenti”, “Hel” and “Happy Fields”.)


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Hagadah (Heb.) A name given to parts of the Talmud which are legendary. [w.

w.w.]

 

Hahnir (Scand.), or Hönir. One of the three mighty gods (Odin, Hahnir and Lodur)

who, while wandering on earth, found lying on the sea-shore two human forms,

motionless, speechless, and senseless. Odin gave them souls; Hahnir, motion and

senses; and Lodur, blooming complexions. Thus were men created.

 

Haima (Heb.) The same as the Sanskrit hiranya (golden), as “the golden Egg”

Hiranyagarbha.

 

Hair. Occult philosophy considers the hair (whether human or animal) as the

natural receptacle and retainer of the vital essence which often escapes with

other emanations from the body. It is closely connected with many of the brain

functions—for instance memory. With the ancient Israelites the cutting of the

hair and beard was a sign of defilement, and “the Lord said unto Moses. . . They

shall not make baldness upon their head”, etc. (Lev. XX1., 1-5.) “Baldness”,

whether natural or artificial, was a sign of calamity, punishment, or grief, as

when Isaiah (iii., 24) enumerates, “instead of well-set hair baldness”, among

the evils that are ready to befall the chosen people. And again, “On all their

heads baldness and every beard cut” (Ibid. xv., 2). The Nazarite was ordered to

let his hair and beard grow, and never to permit a razor to touch them. With the

Egyptians and Buddhists it was only the initiated priest or ascetic to whom life

is a burden, who shaved. The Egyptian priest was supposed to have become master

of his body, and hence shaved his head for cleanliness; yet the Hierophants wore

their hair long. The Buddhist still shaves his head to this day—as sign of scorn

for life and health. Yet Buddha, after shaving his hair when he first became a

mendicant, let it grow again and is always represented with the top-knot of a

Yogi. The Hindu priests and Brahmins, and almost all the castes, shave the rest

of the head but leave a long lock to grow from the centre of the crown. The

ascetics of India wear their hair long, and so do the war-like Sikhs, and almost

all the Mongolian peoples. At Byzantium and Rhodes the shaving of the beard was

prohibited by law, and in Sparta the cutting of the beard was a mark of slavery

and servitude. Among the Scandinavians, we are told, it was considered a

disgrace, “a mark of infamy”, to cut off the hair. The whole population of the

island of Ceylon (the Buddhist Singhalese) wear their hair long. So do the

Russian, Greek and Armenian clergy, and monks. Jesus and the Apostles are always

represented with their hair long, but fashion in Christendom proved stronger

than Christianity, the old ecclesiastical rules (Constit. Apost. lib. I. C. 3)

enjoining the clergy “to wear their hair


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and beards long” (See Riddle’s Ecclesiastical Antiquities.)  The ‘Templars were

commanded to wear their beards long. Samson wore his hair long, and the biblical

allegory shows that health and strength and the very life are connected with the

length of the hair. If a cat is shaved it will die in nine cases out of ten. A

dog whose coat is not interfered with lives longer and is more intelligent than

one whose coat is shaven. Many old people as they lose their hair lose much of

their memory and become weaker. While the life of the Yogis is proverbially

long, the Buddhist priests (of Ceylon and elsewhere) are not generally

long-lived. Mussulmen shave their heads but wear their beards; and as their head

is always covered, the danger is less.

 

Hajaschar (Heb.) The Light Forces in the Kabbalah; the “Powers of Light”, which

are the creative but inferior forces.

 

Hakem. Lit., “the Wise One”, the Messiah to come, of the Druzes or the

“Disciples of Hamsa”.

 

Hakim (Arab.) A doctor, in all the Eastern countries, from Asia Minor to India.

 

Halachah (Heb.) A name given to parts of the Talmud, which are arguments on

points of doctrine; the word means “rule”. [ w. w.w.]

 

Hallucination. A state produced sometimes by physiological disorders, sometimes

by mediumship, and at others by drunkenness. But the cause that produces the

visions has to be sought deeper than physiology. All such visions, especially

when produced through mediumship, are preceded by a relaxation of the nervous

system, in variably generating an abnormal magnetic condition which attracts to

the sufferer waves of astral light. It is the latter that furnishes the various

hallucinations. These, however, are not always what physicians would make them,

empty, and unreal dreams. No one can see that which does not exist—i.e., which

is not impressed—in or on the astral waves. A Seer may, however, perceive

objects and scenes (whether past, present, or future) which have no relation

whatever to himself, and also perceive several things entirely disconnected with

each other at one and the same time, thus producing the most grotesque and

absurd combinations. Both drunkard and Seer, medium and Adept, see their

respective visions in the Astral Light; but while the drunkard, the madman, and

the untrained medium, or one suffering from brain-fever, see, because they

cannot help it, and evoke the jumbled visions

unconsciously to themselves, the Adept and the trained Seer have the choice and

the control of such visions. They know where to fix their gaze, how to steady

the scenes they want to observe, and how to see beyond the upper outward layers

of the Astral Light. With the former such


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glimpses into the waves are hallucinations: with the latter they become the

faithful reproduction of what actually has been, is, or will be, taking place.

The glimpses at random caught by the medium, and his flickering visions in the

deceptive light, are transformed under the guiding will of the Adept and Seer

into steady pictures, the truthful representations of that which he wills to

come within the focus of his perception.

 

Hamsa or Hansa (Sk.) “Swan or goose”, according to the Orientalists ; a mystical

bird in Occultism analogous to the Rosicrucian Pelican. The sacred mystic name

which, when preceded by that of KALA (infinite time), i.e. Kalahansa, is name of

Parabrahm ; meaning the “ Bird out of space and time”. Hence Brahmâ (male)is

called Hansa Vahana “the Vehicle of Hansa” (the Bird). We find the same idea in

the Zohar, where Ain Suph (the endless and infinite) is said to descend into the

universe, for purposes of manifestation, using Adam Kadmon (Humanity) as a

chariot or vehicle.

 

Hamsa (Arab.). The founder of the mystic sect of the Druzes of Mount Lebanon.

(See “Druzes” .)

 

Hangsa (Sk) A mystic syllable standing for evolution, and meaning in its literal

sense

“I am he”, or Ahamsa.

 

Hansa (Sk.) The name, according to the Bhâgavata Purâna, of the “One Caste” when

there were as yet no varieties of caste, but verily “one Veda, one Deity and one

Caste”.

 

Hanuman (Sk.) The monkey god of the Ramayana; the generalissimo of Rama’s army;

the son of Vayu, the god of the wind, and of a virtuous she-demon. Hanuman was

the faithful ally of Rama and by his unparalleled audacity and wit, helped the

Avatar of Vishnu to finally conquer the demon-king of Lanka, Ravana, who had

carried off the beautiful Sita, Rama’s wife, an outrage which led to the

celebrated war described in the Hindu epic poem.

 

Happy Fields. The name given by the Assyrio-Chaldeans to their Elysian Fields,

which were intermingled with their Hades. As Mr. Boscawen tells his readers—“The

Kingdom of the underworld was the realm of the god Hea, and the Hades of the

Assyrian legends was placed in the underworld, and was ruled over by a goddess,

Nin-Kigal, or ‘the Lady of the Great Land’. She is also called Allât.” A

translated inscription states:—“After the gifts of these present days, in the

feasts of the land of the silver sky, the resplendent courts, the abode of

blessedness, and in the light of the Happy Fields, may he dwell in life eternal,

holy, in the presence of the gods who inhabit Assyria”. This is worthy of a

Christian tumulary inscription. Ishtar, the beautiful goddess, descended into

Hades after her beloved Tammuz, and found

 
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that this dark place of the shades had seven spheres and seven gates, at each of

which she had to leave something belonging to her.

 

Hara (Sk.) A title of the god Siva.

 

Hare-Worship. The hare was sacred in many lands and especially among the

Egyptians and Jews. Though the latter consider it an unclean, hoofed animal,

unfit to eat, yet it was held sacred by some tribes. The reason for this was

that in a certain species of hare the male suckled the little ones. It was thus

considered to be androgynous or hermaphrodite, and so typified an attribute of

the Demiurge, or creative Logos. The hare was a symbol of the moon, wherein the

face of the prophet Moses is to be seen to this day, say the Jews. Moreover the

moon is connected with the worship of Jehovah, a deity pre-eminently the god of

generation, perhaps also for the same reason that Eros, the god of sexual love,

is represented as carrying a hare. The hare was also sacred to Osiris. Lenormand

writes that the hare “has to be considered as the symbol of the Logos . . . the

Logos ought to be hermaphrodite and we know that the hare is an androgynous

type”.

 

Hari (Sk.) A title of Vishnu, but used also for other gods.

 

Harikesa (Sk.). The name of one of the seven rays of the Sun.

 

Harivansa (Sk.) A portion of the Mahâbhârata, a poem on the genealogy of Vishnu,

or Hari.

 

Harmachus (Gr.) The Egyptian Sphinx, called Har-em-chu or “Horus (the Sun) in

the Horizon”, a form of Ra the sun-god; esoterically the risen god. An

inscription on a tablet reads “0 blessed Ra Harmachus Thou careerest by him in

triumph. 0 shine, Amoun-Ra Harmachus self-generated ‘. The temple of the Sphinx

was discovered by Mariette Bey close to the Sphinx, near the great Pyramid of

Gizeh All the Egyptologists agree in pronouncing the Sphinx and her temple the

“oldest religious monument of the world ”—at any rate of Egypt.

“The principal chamber”, writes the late Mr. Fergusson “in the form of a cross,

is supported by piers, simple prisms of Syenite granite without base or capital

. . no sculptures or inscriptions of any sort are found on the walls of this

temple, no ornament or symbol nor any image in the sanctuary”. This proves the

enormous antiquity of both the Sphinx and the temple. “The great bearded Sphinx

of the Pyramids of Gizeh is the symbol of Harmachus, the same as each Egyptian

Pharaoh who bore, in the inscriptions, the name of ‘living form of the Solar

Sphinx upon the Earth ‘,”writes Brugsh Bey. And Renan recalls that “at one time

the Egyptians were said to have temples without sculptured images” (Bonwick).

Not only the Egyptians but every nation of the earth began with temples devoid

of idols and even of symbols. It is


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only when the remembrance of the great abstract truths and of the primordial

Wisdom taught to humanity by the dynasties of the divine kings died out that men

had to resort to mementos and symbology. In the story of Horus in some tablets

of Edfou, Rouge found an inscription showing that the god had once assumed “the

shape of a human-headed lion to gain advantage over his enemy Typhon. Certainly

Horus was so adored in Leontopolis. He is the real Sphinx. That accounts, too,

for the lion figure being sometimes seen on each side of Isis. . . It was her

child.” (Bonwick.) And yet the story of Harmachus, or Har em-chu, is still left

untold to the world, nor is it likely to he divulged to this generation. (See

“Sphinx”.)

 

Harpocrates (Gr.). The child Horus or Ehoou represented with a finger on his

mouth, the solar disk upon his head and golden hair. He is the “god of Silence”

and of Mystery. (See “Horus”). Harpocrates was also worshipped by both Greeks

and Romans in Europe as a son of Isis.

 

Harshana (Sk.) A deity presiding over offerings to the dead, or Srâddha.

 

Harvîri (Eg.) Horns, the elder: the ancient name of a solar god: the rising sun

represented as a god reclining on a full-blown lotus, the symbol of the

Universe.

 

Haryaswas (Sk.) The five and ten thousand sons of Daksha, who instead of

peopling the world as desired by their father, all became yogis, ‘as advised by

the mysterious sage Narada, and remained celibates. “They dispersed through the

regions and have not returned.” This means, according to the secret science,

that they had all incarnated in mortals. The name is given to natural born

mystics and celibates, who are said to be incarnations of the “Haryaswas”.

 

Hatchet. In the Egyptian Hieroglyphics a symbol of power, and also of death. The

hatchet is called the “Severer of the Knot ” i.e., of marriage or any other tie.

 

Hatha Yoga (Sk.) The lower form of Yoga practice; one which uses physical means

for purposes of spiritual self-development The opposite of Râja Yoga.

 

Hathor (Eg.) The lower or infernal aspect of Isis, corresponding to the Hecate

of Greek mythology.

 

Hawk. The hieroglyphic and type of the Soul. The sense varies with the postures

of the bird. Thus when lying as dead it represents the transition, larva state,

or the passage from the state of one life to another. When its wings are opened

it means that the defunct is resurrected in Amenti and once more in conscious

possession of his soul. The chrysalis has become a butterfly.


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Hayo Bischat (Heb.) The Beast, in the Zohar: the Devil and Tempter. Esoterically

our lower animal passions.

 

Hay-yah (Heb.) One of the metaphysical human “Principles”. Eastern Occultists

divide men into seven such Principles; Western Kabbalists, we are told, into

three only—namely, Nephesh Ruach and Neshamah. But in truth, this division is as

loose and as mere an abbreviation as our “Body, Soul, Spirit ”. For, in the

Qabbalah of Myer (Zohar ii.,141 b., Cremona Ed. ii., fol. 63 b., col. 251) it is

stated that Neshamah or Spirit has three divisions, “the highest being

Ye’hee-dah (Atmâ) the middle, Hay-yah (Buddhi), and the last and third, the

Neshamah, properly speaking (Manas) ”. Then comes Mahshabah, Thought (the lower

Manas, or conscious Personality), in which the higher then manifest themselves,

thus making four; this is followed by Tzelem, Phantom of the Image (Kama-rupa in

life the Kamic element); D’yooq-nah, Shadow of the image (Linga Sharira, the

Double); and Zurath, Prototype, which is Life—seven in all, even without the

D’mooth, Likeness or Similitude, which is called a lower manifestation, and is

in reality the Guf, or Body. Theosophists of the E. S. who know the

transposition made of Atmâ and the part taken by the auric prototype, will

easily find which are the real seven, and assure themselves that between the

division of Principles of the Eastern Occultists and that of the real Eastern

Kabbalists there is no difference. Do not let us forget that neither the one nor

the other are prepared to give out the real and final classification in their

public writings.

 

Hay-yoth ha Qadosh (Heb.) The holy living creatures of Ezekiel’s vision of the

Merkabah, or vehicle, or chariot. These are the four symbolical beasts, the

cherubim of Ezekiel, and in the Zodiac Taurus, Leo, Scorpio (or the Eagle), and

Aquarius, the man.

 

Hea (Chald.) The god of the Deep and the Underworld; some see in him Ea or

Oannes, the fish-man, or Dagon.

 

Heabani (Chald.) A famous astrologer at the Court of Izdubar, frequently

mentioned in the fragments of the Assyrian tablets in reference to a dream of

Izdubar, the great Babylonian King, or Nimrod, the “mighty hunter before the

Lord ”. After his death, his soul being unable to rest underground, the ghost of

Heabani was raised by .Merodach, the god, his body restored to life and then

transferred alive, like Elijah, to the regions of the Blessed.

 

Head of all Heads (Kab). Used of the “Ancient of the Ancients” Atteehah

D’atteekeen, who is the “Hidden of the Hidden, the Concealed of the Concealed”.

In this cranium of the “White Head”, Resha Hivrah, “dwell daily 13,000 myriads

of worlds, which rest upon It, lean upon


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It” (Zohar iii. Idrah Rabbah). . . “In that Atteehah nothing is revealed except

the Head alone, because it is the Head of all Heads. . . The Wisdom above, which

is the Head, is hidden in it, the Brain which is tranquil and quiet, and none

knows it but Itself. . . . And this Hidden Wisdom . . . the Concealed of the

Concealed, the Head of all Heads, a Head which is not a Head, nor does any one

know, nor is it ever known, what is in that Head which Wisdom and Reason cannot

comprehend “ (Zohar iii., fol. 288 a). This is said of the Deity of which the

Head (i.e., Wisdom perceived by all) is alone manifested. Of that Principle

which is still higher nothing is even predicated, except that its universal

presence and actuality are a philosophical necessity.

 

Heavenly Adam. The synthesis of the Sephirothal Tree, or of all the Forces in

Nature and their informing deific essence. In the diagrams, the Seventh of the

lower Sephiroth, Sephira Malkhooth—the Kingdom of Harmony—represents the feet of

the ideal Macrocosm, whose head reaches to the first manifested Head. This

Heavenly Adam is the natura naturans, the abstract world, while the Adam of

Earth (Humanity) is the natura naturata or the material universe. The former is

the presence of Deity in its universal essence; the latter the manifestation of

the intelligence of that essence. In the real Zohar not the fantastic and

anthropomorphic caricature which we often find in the writings of Western

Kabbalists—there is not a particle of the personal deity which we find so

prominent in the dark cloaking of the Secret Wisdom known as the Mosaic

Pentateuch.

 

Hebdomad (Gr.) The Septenary.

 

Hebron or Kirjath-Arba. The city of the Four Kabeiri, for Kirjath Arba signifies

“the City of the Four”. It is in that city, according to the legend, that an

Isarim or an Initiate found the famous Smaragdine tablet on the dead body of

Hermes.

 

Hel or Hela (Scand.). The Goddess-Queen of the Land of the Dead; the inscrutable

and direful Being who reigns over the depths of Helheim and Nifelheim. In the

earlier mythology, Hel was the earth-goddess, the good and beneficent mother,

nourisher of the weary and the hungry. But in the later Skalds she became the

female Pluto, the dark Queen of the Kingdom of Shades, she who brought death

into this world, and sorrow afterwards.

 

Helheim (Scand.), The Kingdom of the Dead in the Norse mythology. In the Edda,

Helheim surrounds the Northern Mistworld, called Nifelheim.

 

 

Heliolatry (Gr.). Sun-Worship.

 

Hell. A term with the Anglo-Saxons, evidently derived from the name


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of the goddess Hela (q.v.), and by the Sclavonians from the Greek Hades: hell

being in Russian and other Sclavonian tongues—ad, the only difference between

the Scandinavian cold hell and the hot hell of the Christians, being found in

their respective temperatures. But even the idea of those overheated regions is

not original with the Europeans, many peoples having entertained the conception

of an underworld climate; as well may we if we localise our Hell in the centre

of the earth. All exoteric religions—the creeds of the Brahmans, Buddhists,

Zoroastrians, Mahommedans, Jews, and the rest, make their hells hot and dark,

though many are more attractive than frightful. The idea of a hot hell is an

afterthought, the distortion of an astronomical allegory. With the Egyptians,

Hell became a place of punishment by fire not earlier than the seventeenth or

eighteenth dynasty, when Typhon was transformed from a god into a devil. But at

whatever time this dread superstition was implanted in the minds of the poor

ignorant masses, the scheme of a burning hell and souls tormented therein is

purely Egyptian. Ra (the Sun) became the Lord of the Furnace in Karr, the hell

of the Pharaohs, and the sinner was threatened with misery “in the heat of

infernal fires”. “A lion was there” says Dr. Birch “and was called the roaring

monster”. Another describes the place as “the bottomless pit and lake of fire,

into which the victims are thrown” (compare Revelation). The Hebrew word

gaї-hinnom (Gehenna) never really had the significance given to it in Christian

orthodoxy.

 

Hemadri (Sk.) The golden Mountain; Meru.

 

Hemera (Gr.) “The light of the inferior or terrestrial regions” as Ether is the

light of the superior heavenly spheres. Both are born of Erebos (darkness) and

Nux (night).

 

Heptakis (Gr.) “The Seven-rayed One ” of the Chaldean astrolaters: the same as

IAo.

 

Herakies (Gr.). The same as Hercules.

 

Heranasikha (Sing.) From Herana “novice” and Sikha “rule” or precept: manual of

Precepts. A work written in Elu or the ancient Singhalese, for the use of young

priests.

 

Hermanubis (Gr.). Or Hermes Anubis“ the revealer of the mysteries of the lower

world ”—not of Hell or Hades as interpreted, but of our Earth (the lowest world

of the septenary chain of worlds)—and also of the sexual mysteries. Creuzer must

have guessed at the truth of the right interpretation, as he calls

Anubis-Thoth-Hermes “a symbol of science and of the intellectual world ”. He was

always represented with a cross in his hand, one of the earliest symbols of the

mystery of generation, or procreation on this earth. In the Chaldean Kabbala

(Book of Numbers) the Tat


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symbol, or +, is referred to as Adam and Eve, the latter being the transverse or

horizontal bar drawn out of the side (or rib) of Hadam, the perpendicular bar.

The fact is that, esoterically, Adam and Eve while representing the early third

Root Race—those who, being still mindless, imitated the animals and degraded

themselves with the latter—stand also as the dual symbol of the sexes. Hence

Anubis, the Egyptian god of generation, is represented with the head of an

animal, a dog or a jackal, and is also said to be the “ Lord of the underworld”

or “ Hades ” into which he introduces the souls of the dead (the reincarnating

entities), for Hades is in one sense the womb, as some of the writings of the

Church Fathers fully show.

 

Hermaphrodite (Gr.). Dual-sexed; a male and female Being, whether man or animal.

 

Hermas (Gr.). An ancient Greek writer of whose works only a few fragments are

now extant.

 

Hermes-fire. The same as “Elmes-fire”. (See Isis Unveiled Vol. I.,p. 125.)

 

Hermes Sarameyas (Greco-Sanskrit) The God Hermes, or Mercury, “he who watches

over the flock of stars” in the Greek mythology.

 

Hermes Trismegistus (Gr.). The “thrice great Hermes”, the Egyptian. The mythical

personage after whom the Hermetic philosophy was named. In Egypt the God Thoth

or Thot. A generic name of many ancient Greek writers on philosophy and Alchemy.

Hermes Trismegistus is the name of Hermes or Thoth in his human aspect, as a god

he is far more than this. As Hermes-Thoth-Aah, he is Thoth, the moon, i.e., his

symbol is the bright side of the moon, supposed to contain the essence of

creative Wisdom, “the elixir of Hermes ”. As such he is associated with the

Cynocephalus, the dog-headed monkey, for the same reason as was Anubis, one of

the aspects of Thoth. (See “ Hermanubis”.) The same idea underlies the form of

the Hindu God of Wisdom, the elephant-headed Ganesa, or Ganpat, the son of

Parvati and Siva. (See “Ganesa”.) When he has the head of an ibis, he is the

sacred scribe of the gods; but even then he wears the crown atef and the lunar

disk. He is the most mysterious of gods. As a serpent, Hermes Thoth is the

divine creative ‘Wisdom. The Church Fathers speak at length of Thoth-Hermes.

(See “Hermetic”.)

 

Hermetic. Any doctrine or writing connected with the esoteric teachings of

Hermes, who, whether as the Egyptian Thoth or the Greek Hermes, was the God of

Wisdom with the Ancients, and, according to Plato, “discovered numbers,

geometry, astronomy and letters”. Though mostly considered as spurious,

nevertheless the Hermetic writings were highly prized by St. Augustine,

Lactantius, Cyril and others. In the


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words of Mr. J. Bonwick, “ They are more or less touched up by the Platonic

philosophers among the early Christians (such as Origen and Clemens

Alexandrinus) who sought to substantiate their Christian arguments by appeals to

these heathen and revered writings, though they could not resist the temptation

of making them say a little too much. Though represented by some clever and

interested writers as teaching pure monotheism, the Hermetic or Trismegistic

books are, nevertheless, purely pantheistic. The Deity referred to in them is

defined by Paul as that in which “we live, and move and have our

being”—notwithstanding the “in Him” of the translators.

 

Hetu (Sk.). A natural or physical cause.

 

Heva (Heb.). Eve, “the mother of all that lives”.

 

Hiarchas (Gr.). The King of the “Wise Men”, in the Journey of Apollonius of

Tyana to India.

 

Hierogrammatists. The title given to those Egyptian priests who were entrusted

with the writing and reading of the sacred and secret records. The “scribes of

the secret records” literally. They were the instructors of the neophytes

preparing for initiation.

 

Hierophant. From the Greek “Hierophantes”; literally, “One who explains sacred

things ”. The discloser of sacred learning and the Chief of the Initiates. A

title belonging to the highest Adepts in the temples of antiquity, who were the

teachers and expounders of the Mysteries and the Initiators into the final great

Mysteries. The Hierophant represented the Demiurge, and explained to the

postulants for Initiation the various phenomena of Creation that were produced

for their tuition. “ He was the sole expounder of the esoteric secrets and

doctrines. It was forbidden even to pronounce his name before an

uninitiated person. He sat in the East, and wore as a symbol of authority a

golden globe suspended from the neck. He was also called Mystagogus” (Kenneth R.

H. Mackenzie, ix., F.T.S., in The Royal Masonic cyclopædia). In Hebrew and

Chaldaic the term was Peter, the opener, discloser; hence the Pope as the

successor of the hierophant of the ancient Mysteries, sits in the Pagan chair of

St. Peter.

 

Higher Self. The Supreme Divine Spirit overshadowing man. The crown of the upper

spiritual Triad in man—Atmân.

 

Hillel. A great Babylonian Rabbi of the century preceding the Christian era. He

was the founder of the sect of the Pharisees, a learned and a sainted man.

 

Himachala Himadri (Sk.). The Himalayan Mountains.

 

Himavat (Sk). The personified Himalayas; the father of the river Ganga, or

Ganges.


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Hinayana (Sk.). The “ Smaller Vehicle”; a Scripture and a School of the Northern

Buddhists, opposed to the Mahayana, “the Greater Vehicle”, in Tibet. Both

schools are mystical. (See “Mahayana”.) Also in exoteric superstition the lowest

form of transmigration.

 

Hiouen Thsang. A great Chinese writer and philosopher who travelled in India in

the sixth century, in order to learn more about Buddhism, to which he was

devoted.

 

Hippocrates (Gr.). A famous physician of Cos, one of the Cyclades, who

flourished at Athens during the invasion of Artaxerxes, and delivered that town

from a dreadful pestilence. He was called “the father of Medicine “. Having

studied his art from the votive tablets offered by the cured patients at the

temples of Æsculapius, he became an Initiate and the most proficient healer of

his day, so much so that he was almost deified. His learning and knowledge were

enormous. Galen says of his writings that they are truly the voice of an oracle.

He died in his 100th year, 361 B.c.

 

 

Hippopotamus (Gr.) In Egyptian symbolism Typhon was called “the hippopotamus who

slew his father and violated his mother,” Rhea (mother of the gods). His father

was Chronos. As applied therefore to Time and Nature (Chronos and Rhea), the

accusation becomes comprehensible. The type of Cosmic Disharmony, Typhon, who is

also Python, the monster formed of the slime of the Deluge of Deucalion,

“violates” his mother, Primordial Harmony, whose beneficence was so great that

she was called “The Mother of the Golden Age”. It was Typhon, who put an end to

the latter, i.e., produced the first war of elements.

 

Hiquet (Eg.). The frog-goddess; one of the symbols of immortality and of the

“water” principle. The early Christians had their church lamps made in the form

of a frog, to denote that baptism in water led to immortality.

 

Hiram Abiff. A biblical personage; a skilful builder and a “Widow’s Son”, whom

King Solomon procured from Tyre, for the purpose of super-intending the works of

the Temple, and who became later a masonic character, the hero on whom hangs all

the drama, or rather play, of the Masonic Third Initiation. The Kabbala makes a

great deal of Hiram Abiff.

 

Hiranya (Sk.). Radiant, golden, used of the “Egg of Brahmâ”.

 

Hiranya Garbha (Sk.). The radiant or golden egg or womb. Esoterically the

luminous “fire mist” or ethereal stuff from which the Universe was formed.

 

Hiranyakasipu (Sk.). A King of the Daityas, whom Vishnu—in his avatar of the

“man.lion”—puts to death.

 

Hiranyaksha (Sk.). “The golden-eyed.” the king and ruler of the


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5th region of Pâtala, the nether-world; a snake-god in the Hindu Pantheon. It

has various other meanings.

 

Hiranyapura (Sk.). The Golden City.

 

Hisi (Fin.). The “Principle of Evil ”in the Kalevala, the epic poem of Finland.

 

Hitopadesa (Sk.). “Good Advice.” A work composed of a collection of ethical

precepts, allegories and other tales from an old Scripture, the Panchatantra.

 

Hivim or Chivim (Heb.). Whence the Hivites who, according to some Roman Catholic

commentators, descend from Heth, son of Canaan, son of Ham, “the accursed”.

Brasseur de Bourbourg, the missionary translator of the Scripture of the

Guatemalians, the Popol Vuh, indulges in the theory that the Hivim of the Quetzo

Cohuatl, the Mexican Serpent Deity, and the “descendants of Serpents” as they

call themselves, are identical with the descendants of Ham (! !) “whose ancestor

is Cain”. Such is the conclusion, at any rate, drawn from Bourhourg’s writings

by Des Mousseaux, the demonologist. Bourbourg hints that the chiefs of the name

of Votan, the Quetzo Cohuati, are the descendants of Ham and Canaan. “I am

Hivim”, they say. “ Being a Hivim, I am of the great Race of the Dragons. I am a

snake, myself, for I am a Hivim’ (Cortes 51). But Cain is allegorically shown as

the ancestor of the Hivites, the Serpents, because Cain is held to have been the

first initiate in the mystery of procreation. The “race of the Dragons” or

Serpents means the Wise Adepts. The names Hivi or Hivite, and Levi—signify a

Serpent “; and the Hivites or Serpent-tribe of Palestine, were, like all Levites

and Ophites of Israel, initiated Ministers to the temples, i.e., Occultists, as

are the priests of Quetzo Cohuatl. The Gibeonites whom Joshua assigned to the

service of the sanctuary were Hivites.

(See Isis Unveiled, Vol. II. 481.)

 

Hler (Scand.). The god of the One of the three mighty sons of the Frost-giant,

Ymir. These sons were Kari, god of the air and the storms; Hler of the Sea; and

Logi of the fire. They are the Cosmic trinity of the Norsemen.

 

Hoa (Heb.). That, from which proceeds Ab, the “Father”; therefore the Concealed

Logos.

 

Hoang Ty (Chin.). “The Great Spirit.” His Sons are said to have acquired new

wisdom, and imparted what they knew before to mortals, by falling—like the

rebellious angels— into the “Valley of Pain”, which is allegorically our Earth.

In other words they are identical with the “Fallen Angels” of exoteric

religions, and with the reincarnating Egos, esoterically.


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Hochmah (Heb.). See “Chochmah”.

 

Hod (Heb.). Splendour, the eighth of the ten Sephiroth, a female passive

potency. [ w. w.w.]

 

Holy of Holies. The Assyriologists, Egyptologists, and Orientalists, in general,

show that such a place existed in every temple of antiquity. The great temple of

Bel-Merodach whose sides faced the four cardinal points, had in its extreme end

a “Holy of Holies” hidden from the profane by a veil: here, “at the beginning of

the year ‘the divine king of heaven and earth, the lord of the heavens, seats

himself’.” According to Herodotus, here was the golden image of the god with a

golden table in front like the Hebrew table for the shew bread, and upon this,

food appears to have been placed. in some temples there also was “a little

coffer or ark with two engraved stone tablets on it”. (Myer’s Qabbalah.) In

short, it is now pretty well proven, that the “chosen people” had nothing

original of their own, but that every detail of their ritualism and religion was

borrowed from older nations. The Hibbert Lectures by Prof. Sayce and others show

this abundantly. The story of the birth of Moses is that of Sargon, the

Babylonian, who preceded Moses by a couple of thousand years; and no wonder, as

Dr. Sayce tells us that the name of Moses, Mosheh, has a connection with the

name of the Babylonian sun-god as the “hero” or “leader”. (Hib. Lect., p. 46 et

seq.) Says Mr. J. Myer, “The orders of the priests were divided into high

priests, those attached or bound to certain deities, like the Hebrew Levites;

anointers or cleaners ; the Kali, ‘illustrious’ or ‘elders’; the soothsayers,

and the Makhkhu or ‘great one’, in which Prof. Delitzsch sees the Rab-mag of the

Old Testament. . . The Akkadians and Chaldeans kept a Sabbath day of rest every

seven days, they also had thanksgiving days, and days for humiliation and

prayer. There were sacrifices of vegetables and animals, of meats and wine. . .

. The number seven was especially sacred. . . . The great temple of Babylon

existed long before 2,250 B.c. Its ‘Holy of Holies’ was with in the shrine of

Nebo, the prophet god of wisdom.” It is from the Akkadians that the god Mardak

passed to the Assyrians, and he had been before Merodach, “the merciful”, of the

Babylonians, the only son and interpreter of the will of Ea or Hea, the great

Deity of Wisdom. The Assyriologists have, in short, unveiled the whole scheme of

the “chosen people”.

 

Holy Water. This is one of the oldest rites practised in Egypt, and thence in

Pagan Rome. It accompanied the rite of bread and wine. “Holy water was sprinkled

by the Egyptian priest alike upon his gods’ images and the faithful. It was both

poured and sprinkled. A brush has been found, supposed to have been used for

that purpose, as at this


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day.” (Bonwick’s Egyptian Belief.) As to the bread, “the cakes of Isis were

placed upon the altar. Gliddon writes that they were ‘identical in shape with

the consecrated cake of the Roman and Eastern Churches’. Melville assures us

‘the Egyptians marked this holy bread with St. Andrew’s cross’. The Presence

bread was broken before being distributed by the priests to the people, and was

supposed to become the flesh and blood of the Deity. The miracle was wrought by

the hand of the officiating priest, who blessed the food. . . . Rouge tells us

‘the bread offerings bear the imprint of the fingers, the mark of consecration

‘.”

(Ibid, page 458.) (See also “ Bread and Wine”.)

 

Homogeneity. From the Greek words homos “the same” and genos “kind”. That which

is of the same nature throughout, undifferentiated, non-compound, as gold is

supposed to be.

 

Honir (Scand.). A creative god who furnished the first man with intellect and

understanding after man had been created by him jointly with Odin and Lodur from

an ash tree.

 

Honover (Zend). The Persian Logos, the manifested Word.

 

Hor Ammon (Eg.). “The Self-engendered”, a word in theogony which answers to the

Sanskrit Anupadaka, parentless. Hor-Ammon is a combination of the ram-headed god

of Thebes and of Horus.

 

Horchia (Chald.). According to Berosus, the same as Vesta, goddess of the

Hearth.

 

Horus (Eg.). The last in the line of divine Sovereigns in Egypt, said to he the

son of Osiris and Isis. He is the great god “loved of Heaven”, the “beloved of

the Sun, the offspring of the gods, the subjugator of the world”. At the time of

the Winter Solstice (our Christmas), his image, in the form of a small

newly-born infant, was brought out from the sanctuary for the adoration of the

worshipping crowds. As he is the type of the vault of heaven, he is said to have

come from the Maem Misi, the sacred birth-place (the womb of the World), and is,

therefore, the “mystic Child of the Ark” or the argha, the symbol of the matrix.

Cosmically, he is the Winter Sun. A tablet describes him as the “substance of

his father”, Osiris, of whom he is an incarnation and also identical with him.

Horus is a chaste deity, and “like Apollo has no amours. His part in the lower

world is associated with the judgment. He introduces souls to his father, the

judge” (Bonwick). An ancient hymn says of him, “By him the world is judged in

that which it contains. Heaven and earth are under his immediate presence. He

rules all human beings. The sun goes round according to his purpose. He brings

forth abundance and dispenses it to all the earth. Everyone adores his beauty.

Sweet is his love in us.”

 
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Hotri (Sk.). A priest who recites the hymns from the Rig Veda, and makes

oblations to the fire.

 

Hotris (Sk). A symbolical name for the seven senses called, in the Anugita “the

Seven Priests”. “The senses supply the fire of mind (i.e., desire) with the

oblations of external pleasures.” An occult term used metaphysically.

 

Hrimthurses (Scand.). The Frost-giants; Cyclopean builders in the Edda.

 

Humanity. Occultly and Kabbalistically, the whole of mankind is symbolised, by

Manu in India; by Vajrasattva or Dorjesempa, the head of the Seven Dhyani, in

Northern Buddhism; and by Adam Kadmon in the Kabbala. All these represent the

totality of mankind whose beginning is in this androgynic protoplast, and whose

end is in the Absolute, beyond all these symbols and myths of human origin.

Humanity is a great Brotherhood by virtue of the sameness of the material from

which it is formed physically and morally. Unless, however, it becomes a

Brotherhood also intellectually, it is no better than a superior genus of

animals.

 

Hun-desa (Sk.). The country around lake Mansaravara in Tibet.

 

Hvanuatha (Mazd.). The name of the earth on which we live. One of the seven

Karshvare (Earths), spoken of in Orma Ahr. (See Introduction to the Vendidad by

Prof. Darmsteter.)

 

Hwergelmir (Scand.). A roaring cauldron wherein the souls of the evil doers

perish.

 

Hwun (Chin.). Spirit. The same as Atmân.

 

Hydranos (Gr.). Lit., the “Baptist”. A name of the ancient Hierophant of the

Mysteries who made the candidate pass through the “trial by water”, wherein he

was plunged thrice. This was his baptism by the Holy Spirit which moves on the

waters of Space. Paul refers to St. John as Hydranos, the Baptist. The Christian

Church took this rite from the ritualism of the Eleusinian and other Mysteries.

 

Hyksos (Eg.). The mysterious nomads, the Shepherds, who invaded Egypt at a

period unknown and far anteceding the days of Moses. They are called the

“Shepherd Kings”.

 

Hyle (Gr.). Primordial stuff or matter; esoterically the homogeneous sediment of

Chaos or the Great Deep. The first principle out of which the objective Universe

was formed.

 

Hypatia (Gr.). The girl-philosopher, who lived at Alexandria during the fifth

century, and taught many a famous man—among others Bishop Synesius. She was the

daughter of the mathematician Theon, and became famous for her learning. Falling

a martyr to the fiendish


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conspiracy of Theophilos, Bishop of Alexandria, and his nephew Cyril, she was

foully murdered by their order. With her death fell the Neo Platonic School.

 

Hyperborean (Gr.). The regions around the North Pole in the Arctic Circle.

 

Hypnotism (Gr.). A name given by Dr. Braid to various processes by which one

person of strong

will-power plunges another of weaker mind into a kind of trance; once in such a

state the latter will do anything suggested to him by the hypnotiser. Unless

produced for beneficial purposes, Occultists would call it black magic or

Sorcery. It is the most dangerous of practices, morally and physically, as it

interferes with the nerve fluid and the nerves controlling the circulation in

the capillary blood-vessels.

 

Hypocephalus (Gr.). A kind of a pillow for the head of the mummy. They are of

various kinds, e.g., of stone, wood, etc., and very often of circular disks of

linen covered with cement, and inscribed with magic figures and letters. They

are called “rest for the dead” in the Ritual, and every mummy-coffin has one.

 

                                                                                

                               

I   


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I .—The ninth letter in the English, the tenth in the Hebrew alphabet. As a

numeral it signifies in both languages one, and also ten in the Hebrew (see J),

in which it corresponds to the Divine name Jah, the male side, or aspect, of the

hermaphrodite being, or the male-female Adam, of which hovah Jah-hovah) is the

female aspect. It is symbolized by a hand with bent fore-finger, to show its

phallic signification.

 

Iacchos (Gr.). A synonym of Bacchus. Mythology mentions three persons so named:

they were Greek ideals adopted later by the Romans. The word Iacchos is stated

to be of Phœnician origin, and to mean “an infant at the breast ”. Many ancient

monuments represent Ceres or Demeter with Bacchus in her arms. One Iacchos was

called Theban and Conqueror, son of Jupiter and Semele; his mother died before

his birth and he was preserved for some time in the thigh of his father; he was

killed by the Titans. Another was son of Jupiter, as a Dragon, and Persephone ;

this one was named Zagræmus. A third was Iacchos of Eleusis, son of Ceres: he is

of importance because he appeared on the sixth day of the Eleusinian Mysteries.

Some see an analogy between Bacchus and Noah, both cultivators of the Vine, and

patrons of alcoholic excess. [w.w.w.]

 

Iachus (Gr.). An Egyptian physician, whose memory, according to Ælian, was

venerated for long centuries on account of his wonderful occult knowledge.

Iachus is credited with having stopped epidemics simply by certain fumigations,

and cured diseases by making his patients inhale herbs.

 

Iaho. Though this name is more fully treated under the word“Yaho” and “Iao”, a

few words of explanation will not be found amiss. Diodorus mentions that the God

of Moses was Iao; but as the latter name denotes a “mystery god”, it cannot

therefore be confused with Iaho or Yaho (q.v.). The Samaritans pronounced it

Iabe, Yahva, and the Jews Yaho, and then Jehovah, by change of Masoretic vowels,

an elastic scheme by which any change may be indulged in. But “Jehovah” is a

later invention and invocation, as originally the name was Jah, or Iacchos

(Bacchus). Aristotle shows the ancient Arabs representing Iach (Iacchos) by a

horse, i.e., the horse of the Sun (Dionysus), which followed the chariot on

which Ahura Mazda, the god of the Heavens, daily rode.


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Iamblichus (Gr.). A great Theurgist, mystic, and writer of the third and fourth

centuries, a Neo-Platonist and philosopher, born at Chalcis in Cœle-Syria.

Correct biographies of him have never existed because of the hatred of the

Christians; but that which has been gathered of his life in isolated fragments

from works by impartial pagan and independent writers shows how excellent and

holy was his moral character, and how great his learning. He may be called the

founder of theurgic magic among the Neo-Platonists and the reviver of the

practical mysteries outside of temple or fane. His school was at first distinct

from that of Plotinus and Porphyry, who were strongly against ceremonial magic

and practical theurgy as dangerous, though later he convinced Porphyry of its.

advisability on some occasions, and both master and pupil firmly believed in

theurgy and magic, of which the former is principally the highest and most

efficient mode of communication with one’s Higher Ego, through the medium of

one’s astral body. Theurgic is benevolent magic, and it becomes goetic, or dark

and evil, only when it is used for necromancy or selfish purposes; but such dark

magic has never been practised by any theurgist or philosopher, whose name has

descended to us unspotted by any evil deed. So much was Porphyry (who became the

teacher of Iamblichus in Neo-Platonic philosophy) convinced of this, that though

he himself never practised theurgy, yet he gave instructions for the acquirement

of this sacred science. Thus he says in one of his writings, “Whosoever is

acquainted with the nature of divinely luminous appearances fasmata ( knows also

on what account it is requisite to abstain from all birds (and animal food) and

especially for him who hastens to be liberated from terrestrial concerns and to

be established with the celestial gods”. (See Select Works by T. Taylor, p.

159.) Moreover, the same Porphyry mentions in his Life of Plotinus a priest of

Egypt, who, “at the request of a certain friend of Plotinus, exhibited to him,

in the temple of Isis at Rome, the familiar daimon of that philosopher “. In

other words, he produced the theurgic invocation (see “Theurgist”) by which

Egyptian Hierophant or Indian Mahâtma, of old, could clothe their own or any

other person’s astral double with the appearance of its Higher EGO, or what

Bulwer Lytton terms the “ Luminous Self”, the Augoeides, and confabulate with

It. This it is which Iamblichus and many others, including the mediæval

Rosicrucans, meant by union with Deity. Iamblichus wrote many books but only a

few of his works are extant, such as his “Egyptian Mysteries” and a treatise “On

Dæmons”, in which he speaks very severely against any intercourse with them. He

was a biographer of Pythagoras and deeply versed in the system of the latter,

and was also learned in the Chaldean Mysteries. He taught that the One, or

universal MONAD,


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was the principle of all unity as well as diversity, or of Homogeneity and

Heterogeneity; that the Duad, or two (“ Principles”), was the intellect, or that

which we call Buddhi-Manas; three, was the Soul (the lower Manas), etc. etc.

There is much of the theosophical in his teachings, and his works on the various

kinds of dæmons (Elementals) are a well of esoteric knowledge for the student.

His austerities, purity of life and earnestness were great. Iamblichus is

credited with having been once levitated ten cubits high from the ground, as are

some of the modern Yogis, and even great mediums.

 

Iao (Gr.). See Iaho. The highest god of the Phœnicians the light conceivable

only by intellect”, the physical and spiritual Principle of all things, “the

male Essence of Wisdom ”. It is the ideal Sun light.

 

Iao Hebdomai (Gr.). The collective “Seven Heavens” (also angels) according to

Irenæus. The mystery-god of the Gnostics. The same as the Seven Manasa-putras

(q.v.) of the Occultists.

(See also “Yah” and “Yaho”.)

 

Ibis Worship. The Ibis, in Egyptian Hab, was sacred to Thoth at Hermopolis. It

was called the messenger of Osiris, for it is the symbol of Wisdom,

Discrimination, and Purity, as it loathes water if it is the least impure. Its

usefulness in devouring the eggs of the crocodiles and serpents was great, and

its credentials for divine honours as a symbol were: (a) its black wings, which

related it to primeval darkness—chaos; and (b) the triangular shape of them—the

triangle being the first geometrical figure and a symbol of the trinitarian

mystery. To this day the Ibis is a sacred bird with some tribes of Kopts who

 

live along the Nile.

 

Ibn Gebirol. Solomon Ben Yehudah: a great philosopher and scholar, a Jew by

birth, who lived in the eleventh century in Spain. The same as Avicenna (q.v.).

 

Ichchha (Sk.). Will, or will-power.

 

Ichchha Sakti (Sk.). Will-power; force of desire; one of the occult Forces of

nature. That power of the will which, exercised in occult practices, generates

the nerve-currents necessary to set certain muscles in motion and to paralyze

certain others.

 

Ichthus (Gr.). A Fish: the symbol of the Fish has been frequently referred to

Jesus, the Christ of the New Testament, partly because the five letters forming

the word are the initials of the Greek phrase, Iesous Christos Theou Uios Soter,

Jesus Christ the Saviour, Son of God. Hence his followers in the early Christian

centuries were often called fishes, and drawings of fish are found in the

Catacombs. Compare also the narrative that some of his early disciples were

fishermen, and the assertion


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of Jesus― “I will make you fishers of men”. Note also the Vesica Piscis, a

conventional shape for fish in general, is frequently found enclosing a picture

of a Christ, holy virgin, or saint; it is a long oval with pointed ends, the

space marked out by the intersection of two equal circles, when less than half

the area of one. Compare the Christian female recluse, a Nun—this word is the

Chaldee name for fish, and fish is connected with the worship of Venus, a

goddess, and the Roman Catholics still eat fish on the Dies Veneris or Friday.

[w.w.w.]

 

Ida (Scand.). The plains of Ida, on which the gods assemble to hold counsel in

the Edda. The field of peace and rest.

 

Ideos, in Paracelsus the same as Chaos, or Mysterium Magnum as that philosopher

calls it.

 

Idises (Scand.). The same as the Dises, the Fairies and Walkyries, the divine

women in the Norse legends; they were reverenced by the Teutons before the day

of Tacitus, as the latter shows.

 

Idæic Finger. An iron finger strongly magnetized and used in the temples for

healing purposes. It produced wonders in that direction, and therefore was said

to possess magical powers.

 

Idol. A statue or a picture of a heathen god; or a statue or picture of a Romish

Saint, or a fetish of uncivilized tribes.

 

Idospati (Sk.). The same as Narayana or Vishnu; resembling Poseidon in some

respects.

 

Idra Rabba (Heb.). “The Greater Holy Assembly ‘ a division of the Zohar.

 

Idra Suta (Heb.). “The Lesser Holy Assembly”, another division of the Zohar.

 

Iduna (Scand.). The goddess of immortal youth. The daughter of Iwaldi, the

Dwarf. She is said in the Edda to have hidden “ life” in the Deep of the Ocean,

and when the right time came, to have restored it to Earth once more. She was

the wife of Bragi, the god of poetry; a most charming myth. Like Heimdal, “born

of nine mothers”, Bragi at his birth rises upon the crest of the wave from the

bottom of the sea (see “Bragi”). He married Iduna, the immortal goddess, who

accompanies him to Asgard where every morning she feeds the gods with the apples

of eternal youth and health. (See Asgard and the Gods.)

 

Idwatsara (Sk.). One of the five periods that form the Yuga. This cycle is

pre-eminently the Vedic cycle, which is taken as the basis of calculation for

larger cycles.

 

Ieu. The “first man”; a Gnostic term used in Pistis-Sophia.

 

Iezedians or lezidi (Pers.). This sect came to Syria from Basrah. They use

baptism, believe in the archangels, but reverence Satan at the


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same time. Their prophet Iezad, who preceded Mahomet by long centuries, taught

that a messenger from heaven would bring them a book written from the eternity.

 

Ifing (Scand.). The broad river that divides Asgard, the home of the gods, from

that of the Jotuns, the great and strong magicians. Below Asgard was Midgard,

where in the sunny æther was built the home of the Light Elves. In their

disposition and order of locality, all these Homes answer to the Deva and other

Lokas of the Hindus, inhabited by the various classes of gods and Asuras.

 

Igaga (Chald.) Celestial angels, the same as Archangels.

 

I.H.S. This triad of initials stands for the in hoc signo of the alleged vision

of Constantine, of which, save Eusebius, its author, no one ever knew. I.H.S. is

interpreted Jesus Hominum Salvator, and In hoc signo. It is, however, well known

that the Greek IHS was one of the most ancient names of Bacchus. As Jesus was

never identical with Jehovah, but with his own “Father” (as all of us are), and

had come rather to destroy the worship of Jehovah than to enforce it, as the

Rosicrucians well maintained, the scheme of Eusebius is very transparent. In hoc

signo Victor ens, or the Labarum  T (the tau and the resh) is a very old signum,

placed on the foreheads of those who were just initiated. Kenealy translates it

as meaning “he who is initiated into the Naronic Secret, or the 600, shall be

Victor” but it is simply “through this sign hast thou conquered”; i.e., through

the light of Initiation—Lux. (See “Neophyte and “Naros”.)

 

Ikhir Bonga. A “Spirit of the Deep” of the Kolarian tribes.

 

Ikshwaku (Sk.). The progenitor of the Solar tribe (the Suryavansas) in India,

and the Son of Vaivaswata Manu, the progenitor of the present human Race.

 

Ila (Sk.). Daughter of Vaivaswata Manu; wife of Buddha, the son of Soma; one

month a woman and the other a man by the decree of Saraswati; an allusion to the

androgynous second race. Ila is also Vâch in another aspect.

 

Ilavriti (Sk.). A region in the centre of which is placed Mount Meru, the

habitat of the gods.

 

Ilda Baoth. Lit., “the child from the Egg”, a Gnostic term. He is the creator of

our physical globe (the earth) according to the Gnostic teaching in the Codex

Nazaræus (the Evangel of the Nazarenes and the Ebionites). The latter identifies

him with Jehovah the God of the Jews. Ildabaoth is “the Son of Darkness” in a

bad sense and the father of the six terrestrial “ Stellar”, dark spirits, the

antithesis of the bright Stellar spirits. Their respective abodes are the seven

spheres, the upper


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of which begins in the “middle space”, the region of their mother Sophia

Achamôth, and the lower ending on this earth—the seventh region (See Isis

Unveiled, Vol. II., 183.) Ilda-Baoth is the genius of Saturn, the planet; or

rather the evil spirit of its ruler.

 

Iliados. In Paracelsus the same as “Ideos” (q.v.). Primordial matter in the

subjective state.

 

Illa-ah, Adam (Heb.). Adam Illa-ah is the celestial, superior Adam, in the

Zohar.

 

Illinus. One of the gods in the Chaldean Theogony of Damascius.

 

Ilmatar (Finn.). The Virgin who falls from heaven into the sea before creation.

She is the “daughter of the air” and the mother of seven Sons (the seven forces

in nature).

(See Kalevala, the epic poem of Finland.)

 

Illusion. In Occultism everything finite (like the universe and all in it) is

called illusion or maya.

 

Illuminati (Lat.). The “Enlightened”, the initiated adepts.

 

Ilus (Gr.). Primordial mud or slime; called also Hyle.

 

Image. Occultism permits no other image than that of the living image of divine

man (the symbol of Humanity) on earth. The Kabbala teaches that this divine

Image, the copy of the sublime and holy upper Image (the Elohim) has now changed

into another similitude, owing to the development of men’s sinful nature. It is

only the upper divine Image (the Ego) which is the same; the lower (personality)

has changed, and man, now fearing the wild beasts, has grown to bear on his face

the similitude of many of them. (Zohar I. fol. 71a.) In the early period of

Egypt there were no images; but later, as Lenormand says, “In the sanctuaries of

Egypt they divided the properties of nature and consequently of Divinity (the

Elohim, or the Egos), into seven abstract qualities, characterised each by an

emblem, which are matter, cohesion, fluxion, coagulation, accumulation, station

and division ”. These were all attributes symbolized in various images.

 

Imagination. In Occultism this is not to be confused with fancy, as it is one of

the plastic powers of the higher Soul, and is the memory of the preceding

incarnations, which, however disfigured by the lower Manas, yet rests always on

a ground of truth.

 

Imhot-pou or Imhotep (Eg.). The god of learning (the Greek Imouthes). He was the

son of Ptah, and in one aspect Hermes, as he is represented as imparting wisdom

with a book before him. He is a solar god; lit., “the god of the handsome face

“.

 

Immah (Heb.). Mother, in contradistinction to Abba, father.

 
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Immah Illa-ah (Heb.). The upper mother; a name given to Shekinah.

 

In (Chin.). The female principle of matter, impregnated by Yo, the male ethereal

principle, and precipitated thereafter down into the universe.

 

Incarnations (Divine) or Avatars. The Immaculate Conception is as pre-eminently

Egyptian as it is Indian. As the author of Egyptian Belief has it: “It is not

the vulgar, coarse and sensual story as in Greek mythology, but refined, moral

and spiritual “; and again the incarnation idea was found revealed on the wall

of a Theban temple by Samuel Sharpe, who thus analyzes it: “First the god Thoth

. . . as the messenger of the gods, like the Mercury of the Greeks (or the

Gabriel of the first Gospel), tells the maiden queen Mautmes, that she is to

give birth to a son, who is to be king Amunotaph III. Secondly, the god Kneph,

the Spirit . . . . and the goddess Hathor (Nature) both take hold of the queen

by the hands and put into her mouth the character for life, a cross, which is to

be the life of the coming child”, etc., etc. Truly divine incarnation, or the

avatar doctrine, constituted the grandest mystery of every old religious system!

 

Incas (Peruvian). The name given to the creative gods in the Peruvian theogony,

and later to the rulers of the country. “The Incas, seven in number have

repeopled the earth after the Deluge ‘, Coste makes them say (I. iv., p. 19).

They belonged at the beginning of the fifth Root-race to a dynasty of divine

kings, such as those of Egypt, India and Chaldea.

 

Incubus (Lat.). Something more real and dangerous than the ordinary meaning

given to the word, viz., that of “nightmare ”. An Incubus is the male Elemental,

and Succuba the female, and these are undeniably the spooks of mediæval

demonology, called forth from the invisible regions by human passion and lust.

They are now called “Spirit brides” and “Spirit husbands” among some benighted

Spiritists and spiritual mediums. But these poetical names do not prevent them

in the least being that which they are—Ghools, Vampires and soulless Elementals;

formless centres of Life, devoid of sense; in short, subjective protoplasms when

left alone, but called into a definite being and form by the creative and

diseased imagination of certain mortals. They were known under every clime as in

every age, and the Hindus can tell more than one terrible tale of the dramas

enacted in the life of young students and mystics by the Pisachas, their name in

India.

 

Individuality. One of the names given in Theosophy and Occultism to the Human

Higher EGO. We make a distinction between the immortal and divine Ego, and the

mortal human Ego which perishes.

 
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The latter, or “personality” (personal Ego) survives the dead body only for a

time in the Kama Loka; the Individuality prevails forever.

 

Indra (Sk.). The god of the Firmament, the King of the sidereal gods. A Vedic

Deity.

 

Indrâni (Sk.). The female aspect of Indra.

 

Indriya or Deha Sanyama (Sk.). The control of the senses in Yoga practice. These

are the ten external agents; the five senses which are used for perception are

called Jnana-indriya, and the five used for action—Karma-indriya.

Pancha-indryani means literally and in its occult sense “the live roots

producing life”(eternal). With the Buddhists, it is the five positive agents

producing five supernal qualities.

 

Induvansa (Sk.). Also Somavansa or the lunar race (dynasty), from Indu, the

Moon.

(“See “Suryavansa”.)

 

Indwellers. A name or the substitute for the right Sanskrit esoteric name, given

to our “inner enemies”, which are seven in the esoteric philosophy. The early

Christian Church called them the “seven capital Sins ‘: the Nazarene Gnostics

named them, the “seven badly disposed Stellars”, and so on. Hindu exoteric

teachings speak only of the “six enemies” and under the term Arishadwarga

enumerate them as follows: (1) Personal desire, lust or any passion (Kâma); (2)

Hatred or malice (Krodha); ( Avarice or cupidity (Lobha); ( Ignorance (Moha); (

Pride or arrogance (Mada); (6) Jealousy, envy (Matcharya); forgetting the

seventh, which is the “unpardonable sin”, and the worst of all in Occultism.

(See Theosophist, May, 1890, p. 431.)

 

Ineffable Name. With the Jews, the substitute for the “mystery name” of their

tribal deity Eh-yeh, “I am”, or Jehovah. The third commandment prohibiting the

using of the latter name “in vain”, the Hebrews substituted for it that of

Adonai or “the Lord”. But the Protestant Christians who, translating

indifferently Jehovah and Elohim—which is also a substitute per se, besides

being an inferior deity name— by the words “Lord” and “God”, have become in this

instance more Catholic than the Pope, and include in the prohibition both the

names. At the present moment, however, neither Jews nor Christians seem to

remember, or so much as suspect, the occult reason why the qualification of

Jehovah or YHVH had become reprehensible; most of the Western Kabbalists also

seem to be unaware of the fact. The truth is, that the name they bring forward

as “ineffable”, is not in the least so. It is the “unpronounceable”, or rather

the name not to be pronounced, if any thing; and this for symbological reasons.

To begin with, the “Ineffable Name” of the true Occultist, is no name at all,

least of all is it that of


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Jehovah. The latter implies, even in its Kabbalistical, esoteric meaning, an

androgynous nature, YHVH, or one of a male and female nature. It is simply Adam

and Eve, or man and woman blended in one, and as now written and pronounced, is

itself a substitute. But the Rabbins do not care to remember the Zoharic

admission that YHVH means “not as I Am written, Am I read” (Zohar, fol. III.,

23Oa). One has to know how to divide the Tetragrammaton ad infinitum before one

arrives at the sound of the truly unpronouncable name of the Jewish mystery-god.

That the Oriental Occultists have their own “Ineffable name” it is hardly

necessary to repeat.

 

Initiate. From the Latin Initiatus. The designation of anyone who was received

into and had revealed to him the mysteries and secrets of either Masonry or

Occultism. In times of antiquity, those who had been initiated into the arcane

knowledge taught by the Hierophants of the Mysteries; and in our modern days

those who have been initiated by the adepts of mystic lore into the mysterious

knowledge, which, notwithstanding the lapse of ages, has yet a few real votaries

on earth.

 

Initiation. From the same root as the Latin initia, which means the basic or

first principles of any Science. The practice of initiation or admission into

the sacred Mysteries, taught by the Hierophants and learned priests of the

Temples, is one of the most ancient customs. This was practised in every old

national religion. In Europe it was abolished with the fall of the last pagan

temple. There exists at present but one kind of initiation known to the public,

namely that into the Masonic rites. Masonry, however, has no more secrets to

give out or conceal. In the palmy days of old, the Mysteries, according to the

greatest Greek and Roman philosophers, were the most sacred of all solemnities

as well as the most beneficent, and greatly promoted virtue. The Mysteries

represented the passage from mortal life into finite death, and the experiences

of the disembodied Spirit and Soul in the world of subjectivity. In our own day,

as the secret is lost, the candidate passes through sundry meaningless

ceremonies and is initiated into the solar allegory of Hiram Abiff, the “Widow’s

Son”.

 

Inner Man. An occult term, used to designate the true and immortal Entity in us,

not the outward and mortal form of clay that we call our body. The term applies,

strictly speaking, only to the Higher Ego, the “astral man” being the

appellation of the Double and of Kâma Rupa (q.v.) or the surviving eidolon.

 

Innocents. A nick-name given to the Initiates and Kabbalists before the

Christian era. The “Innocents” of Bethlehem and of Lud (or Lydda) who were put

to death by Alexander Janneus, to the number of


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several thousands (B.C. 100, or so), gave rise to the legend of the 40,000

innocent babes murdered by Herod while searching for the infant Jesus. The first

is a little known historical fact, the second a fable, as sufficiently shown by

Renan in his Vie de Jésus.

 

Intercosmic gods. The Planetary Spirits, Dhyan-Chohans, Devas of various degrees

of spirituality, and “Archangels” in general.

 

Iranian Morals. The little work called Ancient Iranian and Zoroastrian Morals,

compiled by Mr. Dhunjibhoy Jamsetjee Medhora, a Parsi Theosophist of Bombay, is

an excellent treatise replete with the highest moral teachings, in English and

Gujerati, and will acquaint the student better than many volumes with the ethics

of the ancient Iranians.

 

Irdhi (Sk.). The synthesis of the ten “supernatural” occult powers in Buddhism

and Brahmanism.

 

Irkalla (Chald.). The god of Hades, called by the Babylonians “the country

unseen”.

 

Isarim (Heb.). The Essenian Initiates.

 

Ishim (Chald.). The B’ne-Aleim, the “beautiful sons of god”, the originals and

prototypes of the later

“Fallen Angels”.

 

Ishmonia (Arab.). The city near which is buried the so-called “petrified city”

in the Desert. Legend speaks of immense subterranean halls and chambers,

passages, and libraries secreted in them. Arabs dread its neighbourhood after

sunset.

 

Ishtar (Chald.). The Babylonian Venus, called “the eldest of heaven and earth“,

and daughter of Anu, the god of heaven. She is the goddess of love and beauty.

The planet Venus, as the evening star, is identified with Ishtar, and as the

morning star with Anunit, the goddess of the Akkads. There exists a most

remarkable story of her descent into Hades, on the sixth and seventh Assyrian

tiles or tablets deciphered by the late G. Smith. Any Occultist who reads of her

love for Tammuz, his assassination by Izdubar, the despair of the goddess and

her descent in search of her beloved through the seven gates of Hades, and

finally her liberation from the dark realm, will recognise the beautiful

allegory of the soul in search of the Spirit.

 

Isiac table. A true monument of Egyptian art. It represents the goddess Isis

under many of her aspects. The Jesuit Kircher describes it as a table of copper

overlaid with black enamel and silver incrustations. It was in the possession of

Cardinal Bembo, and therefore called “Tabula Bembina sive Mensa Isiaca ”. Under

this title it is described by W. Wynn Westcott, M.B., who gives its “History and

Occult Significance” in an extremely interesting and learned volume (with

photographs and illustrations). The tablet was believed to have been a


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votive offering to Isis in one of her numerous temples. At the sack of Rome in

1525, it came into the possession of a soldier who sold it to Cardinal Bembo.

Then it passed to the Duke of Mantua in 1630, when it was lost.

 

Isis. In Egyptian Issa, the goddess Virgin-Mother; personified nature. In

Egyptian or Koptic Uasari, the female reflection of Uasar or Osiris. She is the

“woman clothed with the sun” of the land of Chemi. Isis Latona is the Roman

Isis.

 

Isitwa (Sk.). The divine Power.

 

Israel (Heb.). The Eastern Kabbalists derive the name from Isaral or Asar, the

Sun-God. “Isra-el” signifies “striving with god”: the “sun rising upon

Jacob-Israel ” means the Sun-god Isaral (or Isar-el) striving with, and to

fecundate matter, which has power with “God and with man” and often prevails

over both. Esau, Æsaou, Asu, is also the Sun. Esau and Jacob, the allegorical

twins, are the emblems of the ever struggling dual principle in nature—good and

evil, darkness and sunlight, and the “ Lord” (Jehovah) is their antetype.

Jacob-Israel is the feminine principle of Esau, as Abel is that of Cain, both

Cain and Esau being the male principle. Hence, like Malach-Iho, the “Lord” Esau

fights with Jacob and prevails not. In Genesis xxxii. the God-Sun first strives

with Jacob, breaks his thigh (a phallic symbol) and yet is defeated by his

terrestrial type—matter; and the Sun-God rises on Jacob and his thigh in

covenant. All these biblical personages, their “Lord God” included, are types

represented in an allegorical sequence. They are types of Life and Death, Good

and Evil, Light and Darkness, of Matter and Spirit in their synthesis, all these

being under their contrasted aspects.

 

Iswara (Sk.). The “Lord” or the personal god—divine Spirit in man. Lit.,

sovereign (independent) existence. A title given to Siva and other gods in

India. Siva is also called Iswaradeva, or sovereign deva.

 

Ithyphallic (Gr.). Qualification of the gods as males and hermaphrodites, such

as the bearded Venus, Apollo in woman’s clothes, Ammon the generator, the

embryonic Ptah, and so on. Yet the phallus, so

conspicuous and, according to our prim notions, so indecent, in the Indian and

Egyptian religions, was associated in the earliest symbology far more with

another and much purer idea than that of sexual creation. As shown by many an

Orientalist, it expressed resurrection, the rising in life from death. Even the

other meaning had nought indecent in it: “These images only symbolise in a very

expressive manner the creative force of nature, without obscene intention,”

writes Mariette Bey, and adds, “It is but another way to express celestial

generation, which should cause the deceased to


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enter into a new life”. Christians and Europeans are very hard on the phallic

symbols of the ancients. The nude gods and goddesses and their generative

emblems and statuary have secret departments assigned to them in our museums;

why then adopt and preserve the same symbols for Clergy and Laity? The

love-feasts in the early Church—its agapæ as pure (or as impure) as the Phallic

festivals of the Pagans; the long priestly robes of the Roman and Greek

Churches, and the long hair of the latter, the holy water sprinklers and the

rest, are there to show that Christian ritualism has preserved in more or less

modified forms all the symbolism of old Egypt. As to the symbolism of a purely

feminine nature, we are bound to confess that in the sight of every impartial

archæologist the half nude toilets of our cultured ladies of Society are far

more suggestive of female-sex worship than are the rows of yoni-shaped lamps,

lit along the highways to temples in India.

 

Iurbo Adunaї. A Gnostic term, or the compound name for Iao Jehovah, whom the

Ophites regarded as an emanation of their Ilda-Baoth, the Son of Sophia

Achamoth—the proud, ambitious and jealous god, and impure Spirit, whom many of

the Gnostic sects regarded as the god of Moses. “Iurbo is called by the

Abortions (the Jews) Adunai” says the Codex Nazaræus (vol. iii., p.13  The

“Abortions” and Abortives was the nickname given to the Jews by their opponents

the Gnostics.

 

Iu-Kabar Zivo (Gn.). Known also as Nebat-Iavar-bar-Iufin-Ifafin, “Lord of the

Æons” in the Nazarene System. He is the procreator (Emanator) of the seven holy

lives (the seven primal Dhyan Chohans, or Archangels, each representing one of

the cardinal Virtues), and is himself called the third life (third Logos). In

the Codex he is addressed as “the Helm and Vine of the food of life”. Thus, he

is identical with Christ (Christos) who says “I am the true Vine and my Father

is the Husband- man “(John xv. i). It is well known that Christ is regarded in

the Roman Catholic Church, as the “chief of the Æons”, and also as Michael “who

is like god”. Such was also the belief of the Gnostics.

 

Iwaldi (Scand.). The dwarf whose sons fabricated for Odin the magic spear. One

of the subterranean master-smiths who, together with other gnomes, contrived to

make an enchanted sword for the great war-god Cheru. This two-edged-sword

figures in the legend of the Emperor Vitellius, who got it from the god, “to his

own hurt”, according to the oracle of a “wise woman”, neglected it and was

finally killed with it at the foot of the capitol, by a German soldier who had

purloined the weapon. The “sword of the war-god” has a long biography, since it

also re-appears in the half-legendary biography of Attila. Having married

 

against her will Ildikd, the beautiful daughter of the King of


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Burgundy whom he had slain, his bride gets the magic sword from a mysterious old

woman, and with it kills the King of the Huns.

 

Izdubar. A name of a hero in the fragments of Chaldean History and Theogony on

the so-called Assyrian tiles, as read by the late George Smith and others. Smith

seeks to identify Izdubar with Nimrod. Such may or may not be the case; but as

the name of that Babylonian King itself only “appears” as Izduhar, his

identification with the son of Cush may also turn out more apparent than real.

Scholars are but too apt to check their archæological discoveries by the far

later statements found in the Mosaic books, instead of acting vice versa. “The

chosen people” have been fond at all periods of history of helping themselves to

other people’s property. From the appropriation of the early history of Sargon,

King of Akkad, and its wholesale application to Moses born (if at all) some

thousands of years later, down to their “spoiling” the Egyptians under the

direction and divine advice of their Lord God, the whole Pentateuch seems to be

made up of unacknowledged mosaical fragments from other people’s Scriptures.

This ought to have made Assyriologists more cautious; but as many of these

belong to the clerical caste, such coincidences as that of Sargon affect them

very little. One thing is certain Izdubar, or whatever may be his name, is shown

in all the tablets as a mighty giant who towered in size above all other men as

a cedar towers over brushwood—a hunter, according to cuneiform legends, who

contended with, and destroyed the lion, tiger, wild bull, and buffalo, the most

formidable animals.

                                                                                

                                   

J 


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J —The tenth letter in the English and Hebrew alphabet, in the latter of which

it is equivalent

to y, and i, and is numerically number 10, the perfect number (See Jodh and

Yodh), or one. (See also “I”.)

 

Jâbalas (Sk.). Students of the mystical portion of the White Yajur Veda.

 

Jachin (Heb.). “In Hebrew letters IKIN, from the root KUN “to establish”, and

the symbolical name of one of the Pillars at the porch of King Solomon’s Temple”

[ w.w.w.]

The other pillar was called Boaz, and the two were respectively white and black.

They correspond to several mystic ideas, one of which is that they represent the

dual Manas or the higher and the lower Ego; another connected these two pillars

in Slavonian mysticism with God and the Devil,to the“WHITE” and the “BLACK G0D”

or Byeloy Bog and Tchernoy Bog. (See “Yakin and Boaz” infra).

 

Jacobites. A Christian sect in Syria of the VIth cent. (550) which held that

Christ had only one

nature and that confession was not of divine origin. They had secret signs,

passwords and a solemn initiation with mysteries.

 

Jadoo (Hind.). Sorcery, black magic, enchantment.

 

Jadoogar (Hind.). A Sorcerer, or Wizard.

 

 

Jagaddhatri (Sk.). Substance; the name of “the nurse of the world”, the

designation of the power which carried Krishna and his brother Balarama into

Devaki, their mother’s bosom. A title of Sarasvati and Durga.

 

Jagad-Yoni (Sk). The womb of the world; space.

 

Jagat (Sk.). The Universe.

 

Jagan-Natha (Sk.). Lit., “Lord of the World”, a title of Vishnu. The great image

of Jagan-natha on its car, commonly pronounced and spelt Jagernath. The idol is

that of Vishnu Krishna. Puri, near the town of Cuttack in Orissa, is the great

seat of its worship; and twice a year an immense number of pilgrims attend the

festivals of the Snâna yâtra and Ratha-âtra During the first, the image is

bathed, and during the second it is placed on a car, between the images of

Balarâma the brother, and Subhadrâ the sister of Krishna and the huge vehicle is

 


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drawn by the devotees, who deem it felicity to be crushed to death under it.

 

Jagrata (Sk.). The waking state of consciousness. When mentioned in Yoga

philosophy, Jagrata-avastha is the waking condition, one of the four states of

Pranava in ascetic practices, as used by the Yogis.

 

Jâhnavî (Sk.). A name of Ganga, or the river Ganges.

 

Jahva Alhim (Heb.). The name that in Genesis replaces “Alhim”, or Elohim, the

gods. It is used in chapter I., while in chapter II. the “Lord God” or Jehovah

steps in. In Esoteric philosophy and exoteric tradition, Jahva Alhim (Java

Aleim) was the title of the chief of the Hierophants, who initiated into the

good and the evil of this world in the college of priests known as the Aleim

College in the land of

Gandunya or Babylonia. Tradition and rumour assert, that the chief of the temple

Fo-maїyu, called

Foh-tchou (teacher of Buddhist law), a temple situated in the fastnesses of the

great mount of

Kouenlong-sang (between China and Tibet), teaches once every three years under a

tree called

Sung-Mîn-Shû, or the“ Tree of Knowledge and (the tree) of life”, which is the Bo

(Bodhi) tree of Wisdom.

 

Jaimini (Sk.). A great sage, a disciple of Vyâsa the transmitter and teacher of

the Sama Veda which as claimed he received from his Guru. He is also the famous

founder and writer of the Pûrva Mimânsâ philosophy.

 

Jaina Gross. The same as the “Swastika” (q.v.), “Thor’s hammer” also, or the

Hermetic cross.

 

Jainas (Sk.). A large religious body in India closely resembling Buddhism, but

who preceded it by long centuries. They claim that Gautama, the Buddha, was a

disciple of one of their Tirtankaras, or Saints. They deny the authority of the

Vedas and the existence of any personal supreme god, but believe in the eternity

of matter, the periodicity of the universe and the immortality of men’s minds

(Manas) as also of that of the animals. An extremely mystic sect.

 

Jalarupa (Sk.). Lit., “water-body, or form”. One of the names of Makâra (the

sign capricornus). It is one of the most occult and mysterious of the Zodiacal

signs; it figures on the banner of Kama, god of love, and is connected with our

immortal Egos. (See Secret Doctrine.)

 

Jambu-dwipa (Sk.). One of the main divisions of the globe, in the Purânic

system. It includes India. Some say that it was a continent,—others an island—or

one of the seven islands (Sapta dwipa) It is “the dominion of Vishnu”. In its

astronomical and mystic sense it is the name of our globe, separated by the

plane of objectivity from the six other globes of our planetary chain.

 


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Jamin (Heb.). The right side of a man, esteemed the most worthy. Benjamin means

“son of the right side”, i.e., testis. [w.w.w.]

                                                                                

                                  

Janaka (Sk.). One of the Kings of Mithilâ of the Solar race. He was a great

royal sage, and lived twenty generations before Janaka the father of Sita who

was King of Videha.

 

Jana-loka (Sk. The world wherein the Munis (the Saints) are supposed to dwell

after their corporeal death (See Purânas). Also a terrestrial locality.

 

Janârddana (Sk.). Lit., “the adored of mankind”, a title of Krishna.

 

Japa (Sk.). A mystical practice of certain Yogis. It consists in the repetition

of various magical

formulæ and mantras.

 

Jaras (Sk.). “Old Age”. The allegorical name of the hunter who killed Krishna by

mistake, a name showing the great ingenuity of the Brahmans and the symbolical

character of the World-Scriptures in general. As Dr. Crucefix, a high mason well

says, “to preserve the occult mysticism of their order from all except their own

class, the priests invented symbols and hieroglyphics to embody sublime truths

”.

 

Jatayu (Sk.). The Son of Garuda. The latter is the great cycle, or Mahakalpa

symbolized by the giant bird which served as a steed for Vishnu, and other gods,

when related to space and time. Jatayu is called in the Ramayana “the King of

the feathered tribe”. For defending Sita carried away by Ravana, the giant king

of Lanka, he was killed by him. Jatayu is also called “the king of the

vultures”.

 

Javidan Khirad (Pers) A work on moral precepts.

 

Jayas (Sk.), The twelve great gods in the Purânas who neglect to create men, and

are therefore, cursed by Brahmâ to be reborn “in every (racial) Manvantara till

the seventh”. Another form or aspect of the

reincarnating Egos.

 

Jebal Djudi (Arab.). The “Deluge Mountain” of the Arabic legends. The same as

Ararat, and the Babylonian Mount of Nizir where Xisuthrus landed with his ark.

 

Jehovah (Heb.). The Jewish “Deity name J’hovah, is a compound of two words, viz

of Jah (y, i, or j, Yôdh, the tenth letter of the alphabet) and hovah (Hâvah, or

Eve),” says a Kabalistic authority, Mr. J. Ralston Skinner of Cincinnati, U.S.A.

And again, “The word Jehovah, or Jah-Eve, has the primary meaning of existence

or being as male female”. It means Kabalistically the latter, indeed, and

nothing more; and as repeatedly shown is entirely phallic. Thus, verse 26 in the

IVth chapter of Genesis, reads in its disfigured translation . . . . “then began

men to call upon the name of the Lord”, whereas it ought to read


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correctly . . . . “then began men to call themselves by the name of Jah-hovah”

or males and females, which they had become after the separation of sexes. In

fact the latter is described in the same chapter, when Cain (the male or Jah)

“rose up against Abel, his (sister, not) brother and slew him”(spilt his blood,

in the original). Chapter IV of Genesis contains in truth, the allegorical

narrative of that period of anthropological and physiological evolution which is

described in the Secret Doctrine when treating of the third Root race of

mankind. It is followed by Chapter V as a blind; but ought to be succeeded by

Chapter VI, where the Sons of God took as their wives the daughters of men or of

the giants. For this is an allegory hinting at the mystery of the Divine Egos

incarnating in mankind, after which the hitherto senseless races “became mighty

men, . . . men of renown” (v. 4), having acquired minds (manas) which they had

not before.

 

Jehovah Nissi (Heb.). The androgyne of Nissi (See “Dionysos”). The Jews

worshipped under this name Bacchus-Osiris, Dio-Nysos, and the multiform Joves of

Nyssa, the Sinai of Moses. Universal tradition shews Bacchus reared in a cave of

Nyssa. Diodorus locates Nysa between Phœnicia and Egypt, and adds, “Osiris was

brought up in Nysa he was son of Zeus and was named from his father (nominative

Zeus, genitive Dios) and the place Dio-nysos”—the Zeus or Jove of Nyssa.

 

Jerusalem, Jerosalem (Septuag.) and Hierosolyma (Vulgate). In Hebrew it is

written Yrshlim or “city of peace”,but the ancient Greeks called it pertinently

Hierosalem or “Secret Salem”, since Jerusalem is a rebirth from Salem of which

Melchizedek was the King-Hierophant, a declared Astrolator and worshipper of the

Sun,’“the Most High” by-the-bye. There also Adoni-Zedek reigned in his turn, and

was the last of its Amorite Sovereigns. He allied himself with four others, and

these five kings went to conquer back Gideon, but (according to Joshua X) came

out of the affray second best. And no wonder, since these five kings were

opposed, not only by Joshua but by the “Lord God”, and by the Sun and the Moon

also. On that day, we read, at the command of the successor of Moses, “the sun

stood still and the moon stayed” (v. 13) for the whole day. No mortal man, king

or yeoman, could withstand, of course, such a shower “of great stones from

heaven” as was cast upon them by the Lord himself . . . . “from Beth-horon unto

Azekah” “and they died” (v. ii). After having died they “fled and hid themselves

in a cave at Makkedah” (v. i6). It appears, however, that such undignified

behaviour in a God received its Karmic punishment afterwards. At different

epochs of history, the Temple of the Jewish Lord was sacked, ruined and burnt

(See“Mount Moriah”)—holy ark of


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the covenant, cherubs, Shekinah and all, but that deity seemed as powerless to

protect his property from desecration as though they were no more stones left in

heaven. After Pompey had taken the Second Temple in 63, B.c., and the third one,

built by Herod the Great, had been razed to the ground by the Romans, in 70

A.D., no new temple was allowed to be built in the capital of the “chosen

people” of the Lord. In spite of the Crusades, since the XIIIth century

Jerusalem has belonged to the Mahommedans, and almost every site holy and dear

to the memory of the old Israelites, and also of the Christians, is now covered

by minarets and mosques, Turkish barracks and other monuments of Islam.

 

Jesod (Heb.). Foundation; the ninth of the Ten Sephiroth, a masculine active

potency, completing the six which form the Microprosopus. [w.w.w.]

 

Jetzirah (Heb.). See “Yetzirah”.

 

Jetzirah, Sepher; or Book of the Creation. The most occult of all the Kabalistic

works now in the possession of modern mystics. Its alleged origin, of having

been written by Abraham, is of course nonsense; but its intrinsic value is

great. It is composed of six Perakim (chapters), subdivided into

thirty-three short Mishnas or Sections; and treats of the evolution of the

Universe on a system of correspondences and numbers. Deity is said therein to

have formed (“created”) the Universe by means of numbers “by thirty-two paths

(or ways) of secret wisdom ”, these ways being made to correspond with the

twenty-two letters of the Hebrew alphabet and the ten fundamental numbers. These

ten are the primordial numbers whence proceeded the whole Universe, and these

are followed by the twenty-two letters divided into Three Mothers, the seven

double consonants and the twelve simple consonants. He who would well understand

the system is advised to read the excellent little treatise upon Sepher

Jetzirah, by Dr. W. WynnWestcott. (See “Yetzirah”.)

 

Jhâna (Sk.) or Jnana. Knowledge; Occult Wisdom.

 

Jhâna Bhaskara (Sk.). A work on Asuramâya, the Atlantean astronomer and

magician, and other prehistoric legends.

 

Jigten Gonpo (Tib.). A name of Avalokitêswara, or Chenres-Padma-pani, the

“Protector against Evil”.

 

Jishnu (Sk.). “Leader of the Celestial Host”, a title of Indra, who, in the War

of the Gods with the Asuras, led the “host of devas”. He is the “Michael, the

leader of the Archangels” of India.

 

Jiva (Sk.). Life, as the Absolute; the Monad also or “Atma-Buddhi”.

 

Jivanmukta (Sk.). An adept or yogi who has reached the ultimate state of

holiness, and separated himself from matter; a Mahatma, or


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Nirvânee, a “dweller in bliss” and emancipation. Virtually one who has reached

Nirvâna during life.

 

Jivatma (Sk.). The ONE universal life, generally; but also the divine Spirit in

Man.

 

Jnânam (Sk.). The same as “Gnâna”, etc., the same as “Jhâna” (q.v.).

 

Jnânendriyas (Sk.). The five channels of knowledge.

 

Jnâna Sakti (Sk.). The power of intellect.

 

Jörd. In Northern Germany the goddess of the Earth, the same as Nerthus and the

Scandinavian Freya or Frigg.

 

Jotunheim (Scand.). The land of the Hrimthurses or Frost-giants.

 

Jotuns (Scand.). The Titans or giants. Mimir, who taught Odin magic, the “thrice

wise”, was a Jotun.

 

Jul (Scand.). The wheel of the Sun from whence Yuletide, which was sacred to

Freyer, or Pro, the Sun-god, the ripener of the fields and fruits, admitted

later to the circle of the Ases. As god of sunshine and fruitful harvests he

lived in the Home of the Light Elves.

 

Jupiter (Lat.). From the same root as the Greek Zeus, the greatest god of the

ancient Greeks and Romans, adopted also by other nations. His names are among

others: (1) Jupiter-Aërios; (2) Jupiter-Ammon of Egypt ; (3) Jupiter Bel-Moloch,

the Chaldean; (4) Jupiter-Mundus, Deus Mundus, “God of the World”; (5)

Jupiter-Fulgur, “the Fulgurant”, etc.,etc.

 

Jyotisha (Sk.). Astronomy and Astrology; one of the Vedângas.

 

Jyotisham Jyotch (Sk.). The “light of lights”, the Supreme Spirit, so called in

the Upanishads.

 

Jyotsna (Sk.). Dawn; one of the bodies assumed by Brahmâ the morning twilight.

                 

K 


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K.—The eleventh ]etter in both the English and the Hebrew alphabets. As a

numeral it stands in the latter for 20, and in the former for 250, and with a

stroke over it (K) for 250,000. The Kabalists and the Masons appropriate the

word Kodesh or Kadosh as the name of the Jewish god under this letter.

 

Ka (Sk.). According to Max Muller, the interrogative pronoun “who?”—raised to

the dignity of a deity without cause or reason. Still it has its esoteric

significance and is a name of Brahmâ in his phallic character as generator or

Prajâpati (q.v.).

 

Kabah or Kaaba (Arab). The name of the famous Mahommedan temple at Mecca, a

great place of pilgrimage. The edifice is not large but very original; of a

cubical form 23 X 24 cubits in length and breadth and 27 cubits high, with only

one aperture on the East side to admit light. In the north-east corner is the

“black stone” of Kaaba, said to have been lowered down direct from heaven and to

have been as white as snow, but subsequently it became black, owing to the sins

of mankind The “white stone”, the reputed tomb of Ismael, is in the north side

and the place of Abraham is to the east. If, as the Mahommedans claim, this

temple was, at the prayer of Adam after his exile, transferred by Allah or

Jehovah direct from Eden down to earth, then the “heathen” may truly claim to

have far exceeded the divine primordial architecture in the beauty of their

edifices.

 

Kabalist. From Q B L H, KABALA, an unwritten or oral tradition. The kabalist is

a student of “secret science”, one who interprets the hidden meaning of the

Scriptures with the help of the symbolical Kabala, and explains the real one by

these means. The Tanaim were the first kabalists among the Jews; they appeared

at Jerusalem about the beginning of the third century before the Christian era.

The books of Ezekiel, Daniel, Henoch, and the Revelation of St. John, are purely

kabalistical. This secret doctrine is identical with that of Chaldeans, and

includes at the same time much of the Persian wisdom, or “magic”. History

catches glimpses of famous kabalists ever since the eleventh century. The

Mediæval ages, and even our own times, have had an enormous number of the most

learned and intellectual men who were students of the Kabala (or Qabbalah, as

some spell it). The most famous among the former were Paracelsus, Henry

Khunrath, Jacob Böhmen, Robert Fludd,

 
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the two Van Helmonts, the Abbot John Trithemius, Cornelius Agrippa, Cardinal

Nicolao Cusani, Jerome Carden, Pope Sixtus IV., and such Christian scholars as

Raymond Lully, Giovanni Pico de la Mirandola, Guillaume Postel, the great John

Reuchlin, Dr. Henry More, Eugenius Philalethes (Thomas Vaughan), the erudite

Jesuit Athanasius Kircher, Christian Knorr (Baron) von Rosenroth; then Sir Isaac

Newton., Leibniz, Lord Bacon, Spinosa, etc., etc., the list being almost

inexhaustible. As remarked by Mr. Isaac Myer, in his Qabbalah, the ideas of the

Kabalists have largely influenced European literature. “Upon the practical

Qabbalah, the Abbé ,de Villars (nephew of de Montfaucon) in 1670, published his

celebrated satirical novel, ‘The Count de Gabalis’, upon which Pope based his

‘Rape of the Lock’. Qabbalism ran through the Mediæval poems, the ‘Romance of

the Rose’, and permeates the writings of Dante.” No two of them, however, agreed

upon the origin of the Kabala, the Zohar, Sepher Yetzirah, etc. Some show it as

coming from the Biblical Patriarchs, Abraham, and even Seth; others from Egypt,

others again from Chaldea. The system is certainly very old; but like all the

rest of systems, whether religious or philosophical, the Kabala is derived

directly from the primeval Secret Doctrine of the East; through the Vedas, the

Upanishads, Orpheus and Thales, Pythagoras and the Egyptians. Whatever its

source, its substratum is at any rate identical with that of all the other

systems from the Book of the Dead down to the later Gnostics. The best exponents

of the Kabala in the Theosophical Society were among the earliest, Dr. S.

Pancoast, of Philadelphia, and Mr. G. Felt; and among the latest, Dr. W. Wynn

Westcott, Mr. S. L. Mac Gregor Mathers (both of the Rosicrucian College) and a

few others. (See “ Qabbalah “.)

 

Kabalistic Faces. These are Nephesch, Ruach and Neschamah, or the animal

(vital), the Spiritual and the Divine Souls in man—Body, Soul and Mind.

 

Kabalah (Heb.). The hidden wisdom of the Hebrew Rabbis of the middle ages

derived from the older secret doctrines concerning divine things and cosmogony,

which were combined into a theology after the time of the captivity of the Jews

in Babylon. All the works that fall under the esoteric category are termed

Kabalistic.

 

Kabiri (Phœn.) or the Kabirim. Deities and very mysterious gods with the ancient

nations, including the Israelites, some of whom—as Terah, Abram’s

father—worshipped them under the name of Teraphim. With the Christians, however,

they are now devils, although the modern Archangels are the direct

transformation of these same Kabiri. In Hebrew the latter name means “the mighty

ones”, Gibborim. At one time all the deities connected with fire—whether they

were divine, infernal or volcanic—were called Kabirian.


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Kadmon (Heb.). Archetypal man. See.“Adam Kadmon”.

 

Kadosh (Heb.). Consecrated, holy; also written Kodesh. Something set apart for

temple worship. But between the etymological meaning of the word, and its

subsequent significance in application to the Kadeshim (the “priests” set apart

for certain temple rites)—there is an abyss. The words Kadosh and Kadeshim are

used in II. Kings as rather an opprobrious name, for the Kadeshuth of the Bible

were identical in their office and duties with the Nautch girls of some Hindu

temples. They were Galli, the mutilated priests of the lascivious rites of Venus

Astarte, who lived “by the house of the Lord”. Curiously enough the terms

Kadosh, etc., were appropriated and used- by several degrees of Masonic

knighthood.

 

Kailasa (Sk.). In metaphysics “heaven”, the abode of gods; geographically a

mountain range in the Himalayas, north of the Mansaravâra lake, called also lake

Manasa.

 

Kailem (Heb.). Lit., vessels or vehicles; the vases for the source of the Waters

of Life ; used of the Ten Sephiroth, considered as the primeval nuclei of all

Kosmic Forces. Some Kabalists regard them as manifesting in the universe through

twenty-two canals, which are represented by the twenty-two letters of the Hebrew

alphabet, thus making with the Ten Sephiroth thirty-two paths of wisdom. [w. w.

w.]

 

Kaimarath (Pers.). The last of the race of the prehuman kings. He is identical

with Adam Kadmon. A fabulous Persian hero.

 

Kakodæmon (Gr.). The evil genius as opposed to Agathodæmon the good genius, or

deity.

A Gnostic term.

 

Kala (Sk.). A measure of time; four hours, a period of thirty Kashthas.

 

Kala (Sk.). Time, fate; a cycle and a proper name, or title given to Yama, King

of the nether world and

Judge of the Dead.

 

Kalabhana (Sk.). The same as Taraka (See Secret Doctrine, Vol. II., p. 382,

foot-note).

 

Kalagni (Sk.). The flame of time. A divine Being created by Siva, a monster with

1,000 heads. A title of Siva meaning “the fire of fate”.

 

Kalahansa or Hamsa (Sk). A mystic title given to Brahma (or Parabrahman); means

“the swan in and out of time”. Brahmâ (male) is called Hansa-Vahan, the vehicle

of the “Swan”.

 

Kalavingka (Sk.), also Kuravikaya and Karanda, etc. “The sweet- voiced bird of

immortality “. Eitel identifies it with cuculus melanoleicus, though the bird

itself is allegorical and non-existent. Its voice is heard at a certain stage of

Dhyana in Yoga practice. It is said to have awakened King Bimbisara and thus

saved him from the sting of a cobra. In its esoteric meaning this sweet-voiced

bird is our Higher Ego.


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Kalevala. The Finnish Epic of Creation.

 

Kali (Sk.). The “black”, now the name of Parvati, the consort of Siva, but

originally that of one of the seven tongues of Agni, the god of fire—“the black,

fiery tongue”. Evil and wickedness.

 

Kalidasa (Sk.). The greatest poet and dramatist of India.

 

Kaliya (Sk.). The five-headed serpent killed by Krishna in his childhood. A

mystical monster symbolizing the passions of man—the river or water being a

symbol of matter.

 

Kaliyuga (Sk.). The fourth, the black or iron age, our present period, the

duration of which us 432,000 years. The last of the ages into which the

evolutionary period of man is divided by a series of such ages. It began 3,102

years B.C. at the moment of Krishna’s death, and the first cycle of 5,ooo years

will end between the years 1897 and 1898.

 

Kalki Avatar (Sk.). The “White Horse Avatar”, which will be the last manvantaric

incarnation of Vishnu, according to the Brahmins; of Maitreya Buddha, agreeably

to Northern Buddhists; of Sosiosh, the last hero and Saviour of the

Zoroastrians, as claimed by Parsis ; and of the “Faithful and True” on the white

Horse (Rev. xix.,2 ). In his future epiphany or tenth avatar, the heavens will

open and Vishnu will appear “seated on a milk-white steed, with a drawn sword

blazing like a comet, for the final destruction of the wicked, the renovation of

‘creation’ and the ‘restoration of purity’”. (Compare Revelation.) This will

take place at the end of the Kaliyuga 427,000 years hence. The latter end of

every Yuga is called “the destruction of the world”, as then the earth changes

each time its outward form, submerging one set of continents and upheaving

another set.

 

Kalluka Bhatta (Sk.). A commentator of the Hindu Manu Smriti Scriptures; a

well-known writer and historian.

 

Kalpa (Sk.). The period of a mundane revolution, generally a cycle of time, but

usually, it represents a “day” and “night” of Brahmâ, a period of 4,320,000,000

years.

 

Kama (Sk.) Evil desire, lust, volition; the cleaving to existence. Kama is

generally identified with Mara the tempter.

 

Kamadeva (Sk.). In the popular notions the god of love, a Visva-deva, in the

Hindu Pantheon. As the Eros of Hesiod, degraded into Cupid by exoteric law, and

still more degraded by a later popular sense attributed to the term, so is Kama

a most mysterious and metaphysical subject. The earlier Vedic description of

Kama alone gives the key-note to what he emblematizes. Kama is the first

conscious, all embracing desire for universal good, love, and for all that lives

and feels, needs help and kindness, the first feeling of infinite tender

compassion and mercy that


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arose in the consciousness of the creative ONE Force, as soon as it came into

life and being as a ray from the ABSOLUTE. Says the Rig Veda, “Desire first

arose in IT, which was the primal germ of mind, and which Sages, searching with

their intellect, have discovered in their heart to be the bond which connects

Entity with non-Entity”, or Manas with pure Atma-Buddhi. There is no idea of

sexual love in the conception. Kama is pre-eminently the divine desire of

creating happiness and love; and it is only ages later, as mankind began to

materialize by anthropomorphization its grandest ideals into cut and dried

dogmas, that Kama became the power that gratifies desire on the animal plane.

This is shown by what every Veda and some Brahmanas say. In the Atharva Veda,

Kama is represented as the Supreme Deity and Creator. In the Taitarîya Brahmana,

he is the child of Dharma, the god of Law and Justice, of Sraddha and faith. In

another account he springs from the heart of Brahmâ. Others show him born from

water, i.e., from primordial chaos, or the “Deep”. Hence one of his many names,

Irâ-ja, “the water-born”; and Aja, “unborn” ; and Atmabhu or “Self-existent”.

Because of the sign of Makara (Capricornus) on his banner, he is also called “

Makara Ketu”. The allegory about Siva, the “Great Yogin ”, reducing Kama to

ashes by the fire from his central (or third) Eye, for inspiring the Mahadeva

with thoughts of his wife, while he was at his devotions—is very suggestive, as

it is said that he thereby reduced Kama to his primeval spiritual form.

 

Kamadhâtu (Sk.). Called also Kamâvatchara, a region including Kâmalôka. In

exoteric ideas it is the first of the Trailâkya—or three regions (applied also

to celestial beings) or seven planes or degrees, each broadly represented by one

of the three chief characteristics; namely, Kama, Rupa and Arupa, or those of

desire, form and formlessness. The first of the Trailokyas, Kamadhâtu, is thus

composed of the earth and the six inferior Devalokas, the earth being followed

by Kamaloka (q.v.). These taken together constitute the seven degrees of the

material world of form and sensuous gratification. The second of the Trailôkya

(or Trilôkya) is called Rupadhâtu or “material form” and is also composed of

seven Lokas (or localities). The third is Arupadhâtu or “immaterial lokas”.

“Locality”, however, is an incorrect word to use in translating the term dhâtu,

which does not mean in some of its special applications a “place” at all. For

instance, Arupadhâtu is a purely subjective world, a “state” rather than a

place. But as the European tongues have no adequate metaphysical terms to

express certain ideas, we can only point out the difficulty.

 

Kamaloka (Sk.). The semi-material plane, to us subjective and invisible, where

the disembodied “personalities”, the astral forms, called


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Kamarupa remain, until they fade out from it by the complete exhaustion of the

effects of the mental impulses that created these eidolons of human and animal

passions and desires; (See “Kamarupa”.) It is the Hades of the ancient Greeks

and the Amenti of the Egyptians, the land of Silent Shadows; a division of the

first group of the Trailôkya. (See “Kamadhâtu”.)

 

Kamarupa (Sk.). Metaphysically, and in our esoteric philosophy, it is the

subjective form created through the mental and physical desires and thoughts in

connection with things of matter, by all sentient beings, a form which survives

the death of their bodies. After that death three of the seven “principles”—or

let us say planes of senses and consciousness on which the human instincts and

ideation act in turn—viz., the body, its astral prototype and physical

vitality,—being of no further use, remain on earth; the three higher principles,

grouped into one, merge into the state of Devachan (q.v.), in which state the

Higher Ego will remain until the hour for a new reincarnation arrives; and the

eidolon of the ex-Personality is left alone in its new abode. Here, the pale

copy of the man that was, vegetates for a period of time, the duration of which

is variable and according to the element of materiality which is left in it, and

which is determined by the past life of the defunct. Bereft as it is of its

higher mind, spirit and physical senses, if left alone to its own senseless

devices, it will gradually fade out and disintegrate. But, if forcibly drawn

back into the terrestrial sphere whether by the passionate desires and appeals

of the surviving friends or by regular necromantic practices—one of the most

pernicious of which is medium- ship—the “spook” may prevail for a period greatly

exceeding the span of the natural life of its body. Once the Kamarupa has learnt

the way back to living human bodies, it becomes a vampire, feeding on the

vitality of those who are so anxious for its company. In India these eidolons

are called Pisâchas, and are much dreaded, as already explained elsewhere.

 

Kamea (Heb.). An amulet, generally a magic square.

 

Kandu .(Sk.). A holy sage of the second root-race, a yogi, whom Pramlôcha, a

“nymph” sent by Indra for that purpose, beguiled, and lived with for several

centuries. Finally, the Sage returning to his senses, repudiated and chased her

away. Whereupon she gave birth to a daughter, Mârishâ. The story is in an

allegorical fable from the Purânas.

 

Kanishka (Sk.). A King of the Tochari, who flourished when the third Buddhist

Synod met in Kashmir, i.e., about the middle of the last century B.C., a great

patron of Buddhism, he built the finest stûpas or dagobas in Northern India and

Kabulistan.


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Kanishthas (Sk.). A class of gods which will manifest in the fourteenth or last

manvantara of our world—according to the Hindus.

 

Kanya (Sk.). A virgin or maiden. Kanya Kumârî “the virgin- maiden” is a title of

Durga-Kali, worshipped by the Thugs and Tantrikas.

 

Kapila Rishi (Sk.). A great sage, a great adept of antiquity; the author of the

Sankhya philosophy.

 

Kapilavastu (Sk.). The birth-place of the Lord Buddha; called “the yellow

dwelling”: the capital of the monarch who was the father of Gautama Buddha.

 

Karabtanos (Gr.). The spirit of blind or animal desire; the symbol of Kama-rupa.

The Spirit “without sense or judgment” in the Codex of the Nazarenes. He is the

symbol of matter and stands for the father of the seven spirits of concupiscence

begotten by him on his mother, the “Spiritus” or the Astral Light.

 

Karam (Sk.). A great festival in honour of the Sun-Spirit with the Kolarian

tribes.

 

Kârana (Sk.). Cause (metaphysically).

 

Kârana Sarîra (Sk.). The “Causal body”. It is dual in its meaning. Exoterically,

it is Avidya, ignorance, or that which is the cause of the evolution of a human

ego and its reincarnation ; hence the lower Manas esoterically—the causal body

or Kâranopadhi stands in the Taraka Raja yoga as corresponding to Buddhi and the

Higher “ Manas,” or Spiritual Soul.

 

Karanda (Sk.). The “sweet-voiced bird,” the same as Kalavingka (q.v.)

 

Kâranopadhi (Sk.). The basis or upadhi of Karana, the “causal soul”. In Taraka

Rajayoga, it corresponds with both Manas and Buddhi. See Table in the Secret

Doctrine, Vol. I, p. 157.

 

Kardecists. The followers of the spiritistic system of Allan Kardec, the

Frenchman who founded the modern movement of the Spiritist School. The

Spiritists of France differ from the American and English Spiritualists in that

their “Spirits” teach reincarnation, while those of the United States and Great

Britain denounce this belief as a heretical fallacy and abuse and slander those

who accept it. “When Spirits disagree...”

 

Karma (Sk.). Physically, action: metaphysically, the LAW OF RETRIBUTION, the Law

of cause and effect or Ethical Causation. Nemesis, only in one sense, that of

bad Karma. It is the eleventh Nidana in the concatenation of causes and effects

in orthodox Buddhism ; yet it is the power that controls all things, the

resultant of moral action, the meta physical Samskâra, or the moral effect of an

act committed for the


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attainment of something which gratifies a personal desire. There is the Karma of

merit and the Karma of demerit. Karma neither punishes nor rewards, it is simply

the one Universal LAW which guides unerringly, and, so to say, blindly, all

other laws productive of certain effects along the grooves of their respective

causations. When Buddhism teaches that “Karma is that moral kernel (of any

being) which alone survives death and continues in transmigration ‘ or

reincarnation, it simply means that there remains nought after each Personality

but the causes produced by it ; causes which are undying, i.e., which cannot be

eliminated from the Universe until replaced by their legitimate effects, and

wiped out by them, so to speak, and such causes—unless compensated during the

life of the person who produced them with adequate effects, will follow the

reincarnated Ego, and reach it in its subsequent reincarnation until a harmony

between effects and causes is fully reestablished. No “personality”—a mere

bundle of material atoms and of instinctual and mental characteristics—can of

course continue, as such, in the world of pure Spirit. Only that which is

immortal in its very nature and divine in its essence, namely, the Ego, can

exist for ever. And as it is that Ego which chooses the personality it will

inform, after each Devachan, and which receives through these personalities the

effects of the Karmic causes produced, it is therefore the Ego, that self which

is the “moral kernel” referred to and embodied karma, “which alone survives

death.”

 

Karnak (Eg.). The ruins of the ancient temples, and palaces which now stand on

the emplacement of ancient Thebes. The most magnificent representatives of the

art and skill of the earliest Egyptians. A few lines quoted from Champollion,

Denon and an English traveller, show most eloquently what these ruins are. Of

Karnak Champollion writes :— “The ground covered by the mass of remaining

buildings is square; and each side measures 1,800 feet. One is astounded and

overcome by the grandeur of the sublime remnants, the prodigality and

magnificence of workmanship to be seen everywhere. No people of ancient or

modern times has conceived the art of architecture upon a scale so sublime, so

grandiose as it existed among the ancient Egyptians; and the imagination, which

in Europe soars far above our porticos, arrests itself and falls powerless at

the foot of the hundred and forty columns of the hypostyle of Karnak! In one of

its halls, the Cathedral of Notre Dame might stand and not touch the ceiling,

but be considered as a small ornament in the centre of the hall.”

Another writer exclaims: “Courts, halls, gateways, pillars, obelisks, monolithic

figures, sculptures, long rows of sphinxes, are found in such profusion at

Karnak, that the sight is too much for modern compre-


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hension.” Says Denon, the French traveller: “It is hardly possible to believe,

after seeing it, in the reality of the existence of so many buildings collected

together on a single point, in their dimensions, in the resolute perseverance

which their construction required, and in the incalculable expenses of so much

magnificence! It is necessary that the reader should fancy what is before him to

be a dream, as he who views the objects themselves occasionally yields to the

doubt whether he be perfectly awake. . . . There are lakes and mountains within

the periphery of the sanctuary. These two edifices are selected as examples from

a list next to inexhaustible. The whole valley and delta of the Nile, from the

cataracts to the sea, was covered with temples, palaces, tombs, pyramids,

obelisks, and pillars. The execution of the sculptures is beyond praise. The

mechanical perfection with which artists wrought in granite, serpentine,

breccia, and basalt, is wonderful, according to all the experts animals and

plants look as good as natural, and artificial objects are beautifully

sculptured; battles by sea and land, and scenes of domestic life are to be found

in all their bas-reliefs.”

 

Karnaim (Heb.). Horned, an attribute of Ashtoreth and Astarte; those horns

typify the male element, and convert the deity into an androgyne. Isis also is

at times horned. Compare also the idea of the Crescent Moon—-symbol of Isis—as

horned. [w.w.w.]

 

Karneios (Gr.). “Apollo Karneїos,” is evidently an avatar of the Hindu “Krishna

Karna”. Both were Sun-gods; both “Karna” and Karneios meaning “radiant”. (See

the Secret Doctrine II., p. 44. note.)

 

Karshipta (Mazd.). The holy bird of Heaven in the Mazdean Scriptures, of which

Ahura Mazda says to Zaratushta that “he recites the Avesta in the language of

birds” (Bund. xix. et seq.). The bird is the symbol of “Soul” of Angel and Deva

in every old religion. It is easy to see, therefore, that this “holy bird” means

the divine Ego of man, or the “Soul”. The same as Karanda (q.v.).

 

Karshvare (Zend). The “seven earths” (our septenary chain) over which rule the

Amesha Spenta, the Archangels or Dhyan Chohans of the Parsis. The seven earths,

of which one only, namely Hvanirata—our earth—is known to mortals. The Earths

(esoterically), or seven divisions (exoterically), are our own planetary chain

as in Esoteric Buddhism and the Secret Doctrine. The doctrine is plainly stated

in Fargard XIX., 39, of the Vendidad.

 

Kartikeya (Sk), or Kartika. The Indian God of War, son of Siva, born of his seed

fallen into the Ganges. He is also the personification of the power of the

Logos. The planet Mars. Kartika is a very occult personage, a nursling of the

Pleiades, and a Kumâra. (See Secret Doctrine.)


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Karunâ-Bhâwanâ (Sk.). The meditation of pity and compassion in Yoga.

 

Kasbeck. The mountain in the Caucasian range where Prometheus was bound.

 

Kasi (Sk.). Another and more ancient name of the holy city of Benares.

 

Kasina (Sk.). A mystic Yoga rite used to free the mind from all agitation and

bring the Kamic element to a dead stand-still.

 

KâsiKhanda (Sk.). A long poem, which forms a part of the Skanda Purâna and

contains another version of the legend of Daksha’s head. Having lost it in an

affray, the gods replaced it with the head of a ram Mekha Shivas, whereas the

other versions describe it as the head of a goat, a substitution which changes

the allegory considerably.

 

Kasyapa (Sk.). A Vedic Sage; in the words of Atharva Veda, “The self-born who

sprang from Time”. Besides being the father of the Adityas headed by Indra,

Kasyapa is also the progenitor of serpents, reptiles, birds and other walking,

flying and creeping beings.

 

Katha (Sk.) One of the Upanishads commented upon by Sankarâchârya.

 

Kaumara (Sk.). The “Kumara Creation”, the virgin youths who sprang from the body

of Brahmâ.

 

Kauravya (Sk.). The King of the Nagas (Serpents) in Pâtâla, exoterically a hall.

But esoterically it means something very different. There is a tribe of the

Nâgas in Upper India; Nagal is the name in Mexico of the chief medicine men to

this day, and was that of the chief adepts in the twilight of history; and

finally Patal means the Antipodes and is a name of America. Hence the story that

Arjuna travelled to Pâtàla, and married Ulupi, the daughter of the King

Kauravya, may he as historical as many others regarded first as fabled and then

found out to be true.

 

Kayanim (Heb.). Also written Cunim; the name of certain mystic cakes offered to

Ishtar, the Babylonian Venus. Jeremiah speaks of these Cunim offered to the

“Queen of Heaven”, vii. 18. Nowadays we do not offer the buns, but eat them at

Easter. [w.w.w.]

 

Kavyavahana (Sk.). The fire of the Pitris.

 

Kchana (Sk.). A second incalculably short: the 90th part or fraction of a

thought, the 4,500th part of a minute, during which from 90 to 100 births and as

many deaths occur on this earth.

 

Kebar-Zivo (Gnostic). One of the chief creators in the Codex Nasaræus.

 

Keherpas (Sk.). Aerial form,


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Keshara (Sk.). “Sky Walker”, i.e., a Yogi who can travel in his astral form.

 

Kether (Heb.). The Crown, the highest of the ten Sephiroth; the first of the

Supernal Triad. It corresponds to the Macroprosopus, vast countenance, or Arikh

Anpin, which differentiates into Chokmah and Binah. [w.w.w.]

 

Ketu (Sk.). The descending node in astronomy; the tail of the celestial dragon

who attacks the Sun during the eclipses; also a comet or meteor.

 

Key. A symbol of universal importance, the emblem of silence among the ancient

nations. Represented on the threshold of the Adytum, a key had a double meaning:

it reminded the candidates of the obligations of silence, and promised the

unlocking of many a hitherto impenetrable mystery to the profane. In the “Œdipus

Coloneus” of Sophocles, the chorus speaks of “the golden key which had come upon

the tongue of the ministering Hierophant in the mysteries of Eleusis”, (1051).

“The priestess of Ceres, according to Callimachus, bore a key as her ensign of

office, and the key was, in the Mysteries of Isis, symbolical of the opening or

disclosing of the heart and conscience before the forty-two assessors of the

dead”.

(R. M. Cyc1opædia).

 

Khado (Tib.). Evil female demons in popular folk-lore. In the Esoteric

Philosophy occult and evil Forces of nature. Elementals known in Sanskrit as

Dakini.

 

Khaldi. The earliest inhabitants of Chaldea who were first the worshippers of

the Moon god, Deus Lunus, a worship which was brought to them by the great

stream of early Hindu emigration, and later a caste of regular Astrologers and

Initiates.

 

Kha (Sk.). The same as “Akâsa”.

 

Khamism. A name given by the Egyptologists to the ancient language of Egypt.

Khami, also.

 

Khanda Kâla (Sk.). Finite or conditioned time in contradistinction to infinite

time, or

eternity—Kala.

 

Khem (Eg.). The same as Horus. “The God Khem will avenge his father Osiris”;

says a text in a papyrus.

 

Khepra (Eg.). An Egyptian god presiding over rebirth and transmigration. He is

represented with a scarabæus instead of a head.

 

Khi (Chin.). Lit., “breath”; meaning Buddhi.

 

Khnoom (Eg.). The great Deep, or Primordial Space.

 

Khoda (Pers.). The name for the Deity.

 

Khons, or Chonso. (Eg.) The Son of Maut and Ammon, the personifica-


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tion of morning. He is the Theban Harpocrates, according to some. Like Horus he

crushes under his foot a crocodile, emblem of night and darkness or Seb (Sebek)

who is Typhon. But in the inscriptions, he is addressed as “the Healer of

diseases and banisher of all evil”. He is also the “god of the hunt”, and Sir

Gardner Wilkinson would see in him the Egyptian Hercules, probably because the

Romans had a god named Consus who presided over horse races and was therefore

called “the concealer of secrets”. But the latter is a later variant on the

Egyptian Khons, who is more probably an aspect of Horus, as he wears a hawk’s

head, carries the whip and crook of Osiris the tat and the crux ansata.

 

Khoom (Eg.), or Knooph. The Soul of the world; a variant of Khnoom.

 

Khubilkhan (Mong.), or Shabrong. In Tibet the names given to the supposed

incarnations of Buddha. Elect Saints.

 

Khunrath, Henry. A famous Kabalist, chemist and physician born in 1502,

initiated into Theosophy (Rosicrucian) in 1544. He left some excellent

Kabalistic works, the best of which is the “Amphitheatre of Eternal Wisdom”

(1598).

 

Kimapurushas (Sk.). Monstrous Devas, half-men, half-horses.

 

Kings of Edom. Esoterically, the early, tentative, malformed races of men. Some

Kabalists interpret them as “sparks”, worlds in formation disappearing as soon

as formed.

 

Kinnaras (Sk.). Lit., “What men?” Fabulous creatures of the same description as

the Kim-purushas, One of the four classes of beings called “Maharajas”.

 

Kioo-tche (Chin.). An astronomical work.

 

Kirâtarjuniya of Bharavi (Sk.). A Sanskrit epic, celebrating the strife and

prowess of Arjuna with the god Siva disguised as a forester.

 

Kiver-Shans (Chin.). The astral or “Thought Body”.

 

Kiyun (Heb.). Or the god Kivan which was worshipped by the Israelites in the

wilderness and was probably identical with Saturn and even with the god Siva.

Indeed, as the Zendic H is S in India (their “hapta” is “sapta”, etc.), and as

the letters K, H, and S, are interchangeable, Siva may have easily become Kiva

and Kivan.

 

Klesha (Sk.). Love of life, but literally “pain and misery”. Cleaving to

existence, and almost the same as Kama.

 

Klikoosha (Russ.). One possessed by the Evil one. Lit., a “crier out”, a

“screamer”, as such unfortunates are periodically attacked with fits during

which they crow like cocks, neigh, bray and prophesy.

 

Klippoth (Heb.). Shells: used in the Kabbalah in several senses;


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(1) evil spirits, demons; (2) the shells of dead human beings, not the physical

body, but the remnant of the personality after the spirit has departed; (3) the

Elementaries of some authors. [w.w.w.]

 

Kneph (Eg.). Also Cneph and Nef, endowed with the same attributes as Khem. One

of the gods of creative Force, for he is connected with the Mundane Egg. He is

called by Porphyry “the creator of the world”; by Plutarch the “unmade and

eternal deity”; by Eusebius he is identified with the Logos; and Jamblichus goes

so far as almost to identify him with Brahmâ since he says of him that “this god

is intellect itself, intellectually perceiving itself, and consecrating

intellections to itself; and is to be worshipped in silence”. One form of him,

adds Mr. Bonwick “was Av meaning flesh. He was criocephalus, with a solar disk

on his head, and standing on the serpent Mehen. In his left hand was a viper,

and a cross was in his right. He was actively engaged in the underworld upon a

mission of creation.” Deveria writes: “His journey to the lower hemisphere

appears to symbolise the evolutions of substances which are born to die and to

be reborn”. Thousands of years before Kardec, Swedenborg, and Darwin appeared,

the old Egyptians entertained their several philosophies. (Eg. Belief and Mod.

Thought.)

 

Koinobi (Gr.). A sect which lived in Egypt in the early part of the first

Christian century; usually confounded with the Therapeutæ. They passed for

magicians.

 

Kokab (Chald.). The Kabalistic name associated with the planet Mercury; also the

Stellar light.

[w.w.w.]

 

Kol (Heb.). A voice, in Hebrew letters QUL. The Voice of the divine. (See “Bath

Kol” and “Vâch”.)

[w.w.w.]

 

Kols. One of the tribes in central India, much addicted to magic. They are

considered to he great sorcerers.

 

Konx-Om-Pax (Gr.). Mystic words used in the Eleusinian mysteries. It is believed

that these words are the Greek imitation of ancient Egyptian words once used in

the secret ceremonies of the Isiac cult. Several modern authors give fanciful

translations, but they are all only guesses at the truth. [w.w.w.]

 

Koorgan (Russ.). An artificial mound, generally an old tomb. Traditions of a

supernatural or magical character are often attached to such mounds.

 

Koran (Arab.), or Quran. The sacred Scripture of the Mussulmans, revealed to the

Prophet Mohammed by Allah (god) himself. The revelation differs, however, from

that given by Jehovah to Moses. The Christians abuse the Koran calling it a

hallucination, and the work of


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an Arabian impostor. Whereas, Mohammed preaches in his Scripture the unity of

Deity, and renders honour to the Christian prophet “Issa Ben Yussuf” (Jesus, son

of Joseph). The Koran is a grand poem, replete with ethical teachings

proclaiming loudly Faith, Hope and Charity.

 

Kosmos (Gr.). The Universe, as distinguished from the world, which may mean our

globe or earth.

 

Kounboum (Tib.). The sacred Tree of Tibet, the “tree of the 10,000 images” as

Huc gives it. It grows in an enclosure on the Monastery lands of the Lamasery of

the same name, and is well cared for. Tradition has it that it grew out of the

hair of Tson-ka-pa, who was buried on that spot. This “Lama” was the great

Reformer of the Buddhism of Tibet, and is regarded as an incarnation of Amita

Buddha. In the words of the Abbé Huc, who lived several months with another

missionary named Gabet near this phenomenal tree: “Each of its leaves, in

opening, bears either a letter or a religious sentence, written in sacred

characters, and these letters are, of their kind, of such a perfection that the

type-foundries of Didot contain nothing to excel them. Open the leaves, which

vegetation is about to unroll, and you will there

discover, on the point of appearing, the letters or the distinct words which are

the marvel of this unique tree! Turn your attention from the leaves of the plant

to the bark of its branches, and new characters will meet your eyes! Do not

allow your interest to flag; raise the layers of this bark, and still OTHER

CHARACTERS will show themselves below those whose beauty had surprised you. For,

do not fancy that these super posed layers repeat the same printing. No, quite

the contrary; for each lamina you lift presents to view its distinct type. How,

then, can we suspect jugglery? I have done my best in that direction to discover

the slightest trace of human trick, and my baffled mind could not retain the

slightest suspicion.” Yet promptly the kind French Abbé suspects the Devil.

 

Kratudwishas (Sk.). The enemies of the Sacrifices; the Daityas, Danavas,

Kinnaras, etc., etc., all represented as great ascetics and Yogis. This shows

who are really meant. They were the enemies of religious mummeries and

ritualism.

 

Kravyâd (Sk.). A flesh-eater; a carnivorous man or animal.

 

Krisâswas Sons of (Sk.). The weapons called Agneyastra. The magical living

weapons endowed with intelligence, spoken of in the Ramayana and elsewhere. An

occult allegory.

 

Krishna (Sk.).. The most celebrated avatar of Vishnu, the “Saviour” of the

Hindus and their most popular god. He is the- eighth Avatar, the


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son of Devaki, and the nephew of Kansa, the Indian King Herod, who while seeking

for him among the shepherds and cow-herds who concealed him, slew thousands of

their newly-born babes. The story of Krishna’s conception, birth, and childhood

are the exact prototype of the New Testament story. The missionaries, of course,

try to show that the Hindus stole the story of the Nativity from the early

Christians who came to India.

 

Krita-Yuga (Sk.). The first of the four Yugas or Ages of the Brahmans; also

called Satya-Yuga, a period lasting 1,728,000 years.

 

Krittika (Sk.). The Pleiades. The seven nurses of Karttikiya, the god of War.

 

Kriyasakti (Gk.). The power of thought; one of the seven forces of Nature.

Creative potency of the Siddhis (powers) of the full Yogis.

 

Kronos (Gr.). Saturn. The God of Boundless Time and of the Cycles.

 

Krura-lochana (Sk.). The “evil-eyed”; used of Sani, the Hindu Saturn, the

planet.

 

Kshanti (Sk.). Patience, one of the Paramîtas of perfection.

 

Kahatriya (Sk.). The second of the four castes into which the Hindus were

originally divided.

 

Kshetrajna or Kshetrajneswara (Sk.). Embodied spirit, the Conscious Ego in its

highest manifestations; the reincarnating Principle; the “Lord” in us.

 

Kshetram (Sk.). The “Great Deep” of the Bible and Kabala. Chaos, Yoni; Prakriti,

 

Space.

 

Kshira Samudra (Sk.). Ocean of milk, churned by the gods.

 

Kuch-ha-guf (Heb.). The astral body of a man. In Franz Lambert it is written

“Coach-ha-guf”. But the Hebrew word is Kuch, meaning vis, “force”, motive origin

of the earthy body. [w.w.w.]

 

Kuklos Anagkês (Gr.). Lit., “The Unavoidable Cycle” or the “Circle of

Necessity”-. Of the numerous catacombs in Egypt and Chaldea the most renowned

were the subterranean crypts of Thebes and Memphis. The former began on the

Western side of the Nile extending toward the Libyan desert, and were known as

the serpents’ (Initiated Adepts) catacombs. It was there that the Sacred

Mysteries of the Kuklos Anagkês were performed, and the candidates were

acquainted with the inexorable laws traced for every disembodied soul from the

beginning of time. These laws were that every reincarnating Entity, casting away

its body should pass from this life on earth unto another life on a more

subjective plane, a state of bliss, unless the sins of the personality


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brought on a complete separation of the higher from the lower “principles” ;

that the “circle of necessity” or the unavoidable cycle should last a given

period (from one thousand to even three thousand years in a few cases), and that

when closed the Entity should return to its mummy, i.e., to a new incarnation.

The Egyptian and Chaldean teachings were those of the “Secret Doctrine” of the

Theosophists. The Mexicans had the same. Their demi-god, Votan, is made to

describe in Popol Vu (see de Bourbourg’s work) the ahugero de colubra which is

identical with the “Serpent’s Catacombs”, or passage, adding that it ran

underground and “terminated at the root of heaven”, into which serpent’s hole,

Votan was, admitted because he was himself “a son of the Serpents”, or a Dragon

of Wisdom, i.e., an Initiate. The world over, the priest-adepts called

themselves “Sons of the Dragon” and “Sons of the Serpent-god”.

 

Kukkuta Padagiri (Sk.), called also Gurupadagiri, the “teacher’s mountain”. It

is situated about seven miles from Gaya, and is famous owing to a persistent

report that Arhat Mahâkâsyapa even to this day dwells in its caves.

 

Kumâra (Sk.). A virgin boy, or young celibate. The first Kumâras are the seven

sons of Brahmâ born out of the limbs of the god, in the so-called ninth

creation. It is stated that the name was given to them owing to their formal

refusal to “procreate their species”, and so they “remained Yogis”, as the

legend says.

 

Kumârabudhi (Sk.). An epithet given to the human “Ego”.

 

Kumâra guha (Sk.). Lit., “the mysterious, virgin youth”. A title given to

Karttikeya owing to his strange origin.

 

Kumbhaka (Sk.). Retention of breath, according to the regulations of the Hatha

Yoga system.

 

Kumbhakarna (Sk.). The brother of King Ravana of Lanka, the ravisher of Rama’s

wife, Sita. As shown in the Ramayana, Kumbhakarna under a curse of Brahmâ slept

for six months, and then remained awake one day to fall asleep again, and so on,

for many hundreds of years. He was awakened to take part in the war between Rama

and Ravana, captured Hanuman, but was finally killed himself.

 

Kundalini Sakti (Sk.). The power of life; one of the Forces of Nature; that

power that generates a certain light in those who sit for spiritual and

clairvoyant development. It is a power known only to those who practise

concentration and Yoga.

 

Kunti (Sk.). The wife of Pandu and the mother of the Pandavas, the heroes and

the foes of their cousins the Kauravas, in the Bhagavad-gita. It is an allegory

of the Spirit-Soul or Buddhi. Some think that


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Draupadi, the wife in common of the five brothers, the Pandavas, is meant to

represent Buddhi: but this is not so, for Draupadi stands for the terrestrial

life of the Personality. As such, we see it made little of, allowed to be

insulted and even taken into slavery by Yudhishthira, the elder of the Pandavas

and her chief lord, who represents the Higher Ego with all its qualifications.

 

Kurios (Gr.). ‘The Lord, the Master.

 

Kurus (Sk.) or Kauravas. The foes of the Pandavas in the Bhagavad Gita, on the

plain of Kurukshetra. This plain is but a few miles from Delhi.

 

Kusa (Sk.). A sacred grass used by the ascetics of India, called the grass of

lucky augury. It is very occult.

 

Kusadwipa (Sk.). One of the seven islands named Saptadwipa in the Puranas. (See

Secret Doctrine II., p. 404, Note.)

 

Kusala (Sk.). Merit, one of the two chief constituents of Karma.

 

Kusînara (Sk.). The city near which Buddha died. It is near Delhi, though some

Orientalists would locate it in Assam.

 

Kuvera (Sk.). God of the Hades, and of wealth like Pluto. The king of the evil

demons in the Hindu Pantheon.

 

Kwan-shai-yîn (Chin.). The male logos of the Northern Buddhists and those of

China; the “manifested god”.

 

Kwan-yin (Chin.). The female logos, the “Mother of Mercy”.

 

Kwan-yin-tien (Chin.). The heaven where Kwan-yin and the other logoi dwell.

 

                                                                                

                                          

L  


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L.—The twelfth letter of the English Alphabet, and also of the Hebrew, where

Lamed signifies an Ox-goad, the sign of a form of the god Mars, the generative

deity. The letter is an equivalent of number 30. The Hebrew divine name

corresponding to L, is Limmud, or Doctus.

 

Labarum (Lat.). The standard borne before the old Roman Emperors, having an

eagle upon it as an emblem of sovereignty. It was a long lance with a cross

staff at right angles. Constantine replaced the eagle by the christian monogram

with the motto en touty nika which was later interpreted into In hoc signo

vinces. As to the monogram, it was a combination of the letter X, Chi, and P,

Rho, the initial syllable of Christos. But the Labarum had been an emblem of

Etruria ages before Constantine and the Christian era. It was the sign also of

Osiris and of Horus who is often represented with the long Latin cross, while

the Greek pectoral cross is purely Egyptian. In his “Decline and Fall” Gibbon

has exposed the Constantine imposture. The emperor, if he ever had a vision at

all, must have seen the Olympian Jupiter, in whose faith he died.

 

Labro. A Roman saint, solemnly beatified a few years ago. His great holiness

consisted in sitting at one of the gates of Rome night and day for forty years,

and remaining unwashed through the whole of that time. He was eaten by vermin to

his bones.

 

Labyrinth (Gr.). Egypt had the “celestial labyrinth” whereinto the souls of the

departed plunged, and also its type on earth, the famous Labyrinth, a

subterranean series of halls and passages with the most extraordinary windings.

Herodotus describes it as consisting of 3,000 chambers, half below and half

above ground. Even in his day strangers were not allowed into the subterranean

portions of it as they contained the sepulchres of the kings who built it and

other mysteries. The “Father of History” found the Labyrinth already almost in

ruins, yet regarded it even in its state of dilapidation as far more marvellous

than the pyramids.

 

Lactantius. A Church Father, who declared the heliocentric system a heretical

doctrine, and that of the antipodes as a “fallacy invented by the devil”.

 

Ladakh. The upper valley of the Indus, inhabited by Tibetans, but belonging to

the Rajah of Cashmere.


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Ladder. There are many “ladders” in the mystic philosophies and schemes, all of

which were, and some still are, used in the respective mysteries of various

nations. The Brahmanical Ladder symbolises the Seven Worlds or Sapta Loka; the

Kabalistical Ladder, the seven lower Sephiroth; Jacob’s Ladder is spoken of in

the Bible; the Mithraic Ladder is also the “Mysterious Ladder”. Then there are

the Rosicrucian, the Scandinavian, the Borsippa Ladders, etc., etc., and finally

the Theological Ladder which, according to Brother Kenneth Mackenzie, consists

of the four cardinal and three theological virtues.

 

Lady of the Sycamore. A title of the Egyptian goddess Neїth, who is often

represented as appearing in a tree and handing therefrom the fruit of the Tree

of Life, as also the Water of Life, to her worshippers.

 

Laena (Lat.). A robe worn by the Roman Augurs with which they covered their

heads while sitting in contemplation on the flight of birds.

 

Lahgash (Kab.). Secret speech; esoteric incantation; almost identical with the

mystical meaning of Vâch.

 

Lajja (Sk.). “Modesty”; a demi-goddess, daughter of Daksha.

 

Lakh (Sk.). 100,000 of units, either in specie or anything else.

 

Lakshana (Sk.). The thirty-two bodily signs of a Buddha, marks by which he is

recognised.

 

Lakshmi (Sk.) “Prosperity”, fortune; the Indian Venus, born of the churning of

the ocean by the gods; goddess of beauty and wife of Vishnu.

 

Lalita Vistara (Sk.). A celebrated biography of Sakya Muni, the Lord Buddha, by

Dharmarakcha, A.D. 308.

 

Lama (Tib.). Written “Clama”. The title, if correctly applied, belongs only to

the priests of superior grades, those who can hold office as gurus in the

monasteries. Unfortunately every common member of the gedun (clergy) calls

himself or allows himself to be called “Lama”. A real Lama is an ordained and

thrice ordained Gelong. Since the reform produced by Tsong-ka-pa, many abuses

have again crept into the theocracy of the land. There are “Lama-astrologers”,

the Chakhan, or common Tsikhan (from tsigan, “gypsy”), and Lama-soothsayers,

even such as are allowed to marry and do not belong to the clergy at all. They

are very scarce, however, in Eastern Tibet, belonging principally to Western

Tibet and to sects which have nought to do with the Gelukpas (yellow caps).

Unfortunately, Orientalists knowing next to nothing of the true state of affairs

in Tibet, confuse the Choichong, of the Gurmakhayas Lamasery (Lhassa)—the

Initiated Esotericists, with the Charlatans and Dugpas (sorcerers) of the Bhon

sects. No wonder if—as Schagintweit says in his Buddhism in Tibet—“though the

images of


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King Choichong (the “god of astrology”) are met with in most monasteries of

Western Tibet and the Himalayas, my brothers never saw a Lama Choichong”. This

is but natural. Neither the Choichong, nor the Kubilkhan (q.v.) overrun the

country. As to the “God” or “King Choichong” he is no more a “god of astrology”

than any other “Planetary” Dhyan Chohan.

 

Lamrin (Tib.). A sacred volume of precepts and rules, written by Tson-kha-pa,

“for the advancement of knowledge”.

 

 

Land of the Eternal Sun. Tradition places it beyond the Arctic regions at the

North Pole. It is “the land of the gods where the sun never sets”.

 

Lang-Shu (Chin.). The title of the translation of Nagarjuna’s work, the

Ekasloka-Shastra.

 

Lanka (Sk.). The ancient name of the island now called Ceylon. It is also the

name of a mountain in the South East of Ceylon, where, as tradition says, was a

town peopled with demons named Lankapuri. It is described in the epic of the

Ramayana as of gigantic extent and magnificence, “with seven broad moats and

seven stupendous walls of stone and metal”. Its foundation is attributed to

Visva-Karma, who built it for Kuvera, the king of the demons, from whom it was

taken by Ravana, the ravisher of Sita. The Bhâgavat Purâna shows Lanka or Ceylon

as primarily the summit of Mount Meru, which was broken off by Vayu, god of the

wind, and hurled into the ocean. It has since become the seat of the Southern

Buddhist Church, the Siamese Sect (headed at present by the High Priest

Sumangala), the representation of the purest exoteric Buddhism on this side of

the Himalayas.

 

Lanoo (Sk.). A disciple, the same as “chela”.

 

Lao-tze (Chin.). A great sage, saint and philosopher who preceded Confucius.

 

Lapis philosophorum (Lat.). The “Philosopher’s stone”; a mystic term in alchemy,

having quite a different meaning from that usually attributed to it.

 

Lararium (Lat.). An apartment in the house of ancient Romans where the Lares or

household gods were preserved, with other family relics.

 

Lares (Lat.). These were of three kinds: Lares familiares, the guardians and

invisible presidents of the family circle; Lares parvi, small idols used for

divinations and augury: and Lares præstites, which were supposed to maintain

order among the others. The Lares are the manes or ghosts of disembodied people.

Apuleius says that the tumulary in scription, To the gods manes who lived, meant

that the Soul had been trans-


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formed in a Lemure ; and adds that though “the human Soul is a demon that our

languages may name genius”, and “is an immortal god though in a certain sense

she is born at the same time as the man in whom she is, yet we may say that she

dies in the same way that she is born”. Which means in plainer language that

Lares and Lemures are simply the shells cast off by the EGO, the high spiritual

and immortal Soul, whose shell, and also its astral reflection, the animal Soul,

die, whereas the higher Soul prevails throughout eternity.

 

Larva (Lat.). The animal Soul. Larvæ are the shadows of men that have lived and

died.

 

Law of Retribution. (See “Karma”.)

 

Laya or Layam (Sk.). From the root Li “to dissolve, to disintegrate” a point of

equilibrium (zero-point) in physics and chemistry. In occultism, that point

where substance becomes homogeneous and is unable to act or differentiate.

 

Lebanon (Heb.). A range of mountains in Syria, with a few remnants of the

gigantic cedar trees, a forest of which once crowned its summit. Tradition says

that it is here, that the timber for King Solomon’s temple was obtained. (See

“Druzes”.)

 

Lemuria. A modern term first used by some naturalists, and now adopted by

Theosophists, to indicate a continent that, according to the Secret Doctrine of

the East, preceded Atlantis. Its Eastern name would not reveal much to European

ears.

 

Leon, Moses de. The name of a Jewish Rabbi in the Xlllth century, accused of

having composed the Zohar which he gave out as the true work of Simeon Ben

Jachaї. His full name is given in Myer’s Qabbalah as Rabbi Moses ben-Shem-Tob de

Leon, of Spain, the same author proving very cleverly that de Leon was not the

author of the Zohar. Few will say he was, but everyone must suspect Moses de

Leon of perverting considerably the original Book of Splendour (Zohar). This

sin, however, may be shared by him with the Mediæval “Christian Kabalists” and

by Knorr von Rosenroth especially. Surely, neither Rabbi Simeon, condemned to

death by Titus, nor his son, Rabbi Eliezer, nor his Secretary Rabbi Abba, can be

charged with introducing into the Zohar purely Christian dogmas and doctrines

invented by the Church Fathers several centuries after the death of the former

Rabbis. This would be stretching alleged divine prophecy a little too far.

 

Lévi, Éliphas. The real name of this learned Kabalist was Abbé Alphonse Louis

Constant. Eliphas Lévi Zahed was the author of several works on philosophical

magic. Member of the Fratres Lucis (Brothers of Light), he was also once upon a

time a priest, an abbé of the Roman


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Catholic Church, which promptly proceeded to unfrock him, when he acquired fame

as a Kabalist. He died some twenty years ago, leaving five famous works —Dogme

et Rituel de la Haute Magie (1856); Histoire de la Magie (1860); La Clef des

grands Mystères (1861); Legendes et Symboles (1862); and La Science des Esprits

(1865) ; besides some other works of minor importance. His style is extremely

light and fascinating; but with a rather too strong characteristic of mockery

and paradox in it to be the ideal of a serious Kabalist.

 

Leviathan. In biblical esotericism, Deity in its double manifestation of good

and evil. The meaning may be found in the Zohar (II. 34b.) “Rabbi Shimeon said:

The work of the beginning (of ‘creation’) the companions (candidates) study and

understand it; but the little ones (the full or perfect Initiates) are those who

understand the allusion to the work of the beginning by the Mystery of the

Serpent of the Great Sea (to wit) Thanneen, Leviathan.” (See also Qabbalah, by

I. Myer.)

 

Levânah (Heb.). The moon, as a planet and an astrological influence.

 

Lha (Tib.). Spirits of the highest spheres, whence the name of Lhassa, the

residence of the Dalaї-Lama. The title of Lha is often given in Tibet to some

Narjols (Saints and Yogi adepts) who have attained great occult powers.

 

Lhagpa (Tib.). Mercury, the planet.

 

Lhakang (Tib.). A temple; a crypt, especially a subterranean temple for mystic

ceremonies.

 

Lhamayin (Tib.). Elemental sprites of the lower terrestrial plane. Popular fancy

makes of them demons and devils.

 

Lif (Scand.). Lif and Lifthresir, the only two human beings who were allowed to

be present at the “Renewal of the World”. Being “pure and innocent and free from

sinful desires, they are permitted to enter the world where peace now reigns”.

The Edda shows them hidden in Hoddmimir’s forest dreaming the dreams of

childhood while the last conflict was taking place. These two creatures, and the

allegory in which they take part, are allusions to the few nations of the Fourth

Root Race, who, surviving the great submersion of their continent and the

majority of their Race, passed into the Fifth and continued their ethnical

evolution in our present Human Race.

 

Light, Brothers of. This is what the great authority on secret societies,

Brother Kenneth R. H. Mackenzie IX., says of this Brotherhood. “A mystic order,

Fratres Lucis, established in Florence in 1498. Among the members of this order

were Pasqualis, Cagliostro, Swedenborg, St. Martin, Eliphaz Lévi, and many other

eminent mystics. Its members were very much persecuted by the Inquisition. It is

a small but compact body, the members being spread all over the world.”


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Lila (Sk)  Sport, literally; or pastime. In the orthodox Hindu Scriptures it is

explained that “the acts of the divinity are lila ”, or sport.

 

Lilith (Heb.). By Jewish tradition a demon who was the first wife of Adam,

before Eve was created: she is supposed to have a fatal influence on mothers and

newly-born infants. LIL is night, and LILITH is also the owl: and in mediæval

works is a synonym of Lamia or female demon. [w.w.w.]

 

Lil-in (Heb.). The children of Lilith, and their descendants. “Lilith is the

Mother of the Shedim and the Muquishim (the ensnarers)”. Every class of the

Lil-ins, therefore, are devils in the demonology of the Jews. (See Zohar ii.

268a.)

 

Limbus Major (Lat.). A term used by Paracelsus to denote primordial (alchemical)

matter; “Adam’s earth”.

 

Linga or Lingam (Sk.). A sign or a symbol of abstract creation. Force becomes

the organ of procreation only on this earth. In India there are 12 great Lingams

of Siva, some of which are on mountains and rocks, and also in temples. Such is

the Kedâresa in the Himalaya, a huge and shapeless mass of rock. In its origin

the Lingam had never the gross meaning connected with the phallus, an idea which

is altogether of a later date. The symbol in India has the same meaning which it

had in Egypt, which is simply that the creative or procreative Force is divine.

It also denotes who was the dual Creator—male and female, Siva and his Sakti.

The gross and immodest idea connected with the phallus is not Indian but Greek

and pre-eminently Jewish. The Biblical Bethels were real priapic stones, the “

Beth-el” (phallus) wherein God dwells. The same symbol was concealed within the

ark of the Covenant, the “Holy of Holies”. Therefore the “Lingam” even as a

phallus is not “a symbol of Siva” only, but that of every “Creator” or creative

god in every nation, including the Israelites and their “God of Abraham and

Jacob”.

 

Linga Purâna (Sk.). A scripture of the Saivas or worshippers of Siva. Therein

Maheswara, “the great Lord”, concealed in the Agni Linga explains the ethics of

life—duty, virtue, self-sacrifice and finally liberation by and through ascetic

life at the end of the Agni Kalpa (the Seventh Round). As Professor Wilson

justly observed “the Spirit of the worship (phallic) is as little influenced by

the character of the type as can well be imagined. There is nothing like the

phallic orgies of antiquity; it is all mystical and spiritual.”

 

Linga Sharîra (Sk.). The “body”, i.e., the aerial symbol of the body. This term

designates the döppelganger or the “astral body” of man or animal. It is the

eidolon of the Greeks, the vital and prototypal body; the


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reflection of the men of flesh. It is born before and dies or fades out, with

the disappearance of the last atom of the body.

 

Lipi (Sk.) To write. See “Lipikas”in Vol. I. of the Secret Doctrine.

 

Lipikas (Sk.). The celestial recorders, the “Scribes”, those who record every

word and deed, said or done by man while on this earth. As Occultism teaches,

they are the agents of KARMA—the retributive Law.

 

Lobha (Sk.). Covetousness: cupidity, a son sprung from Brahmâ in an evil hour.

 

Lodur (Scand.). The second personage in the trinity of gods in the Eddas of the

Norsemen; and the father of the twelve great gods. It is Lodur who endows the

first man—made of the ash-tree (Ask), with blood and colour.

 

Logi (Scand.). Lit., “flame”. This giant with his sons and kindred, made

themselves finally known as the authors of every cataclysm and conflagration in

heaven or on earth, by letting mortals perceive them in the midst of flames.

These giant-fiends were all enemies of man trying to destroy his work wherever

they found it. A symbol of the cosmic elements.

 

Logia (Gr.). The secret discourses and teachings of Jesus contained in the

Evangel of Matthew—in the original Hebrew, not the spurious Greek text we

have—and preserved by the Ebionites and the Nazarenes in the library collected

by Pamphilus, at Cæsarea. This “Evangel” called by many writers “the genuine

Gospel of Matthew”, was used according to (St.) Jerome, by the Nazarenes and

Ebionites of Beroea, Syria, in his own day (4th century). Like the Aporrheta or

secret discourses, of the Mysteries, these Logia could only be understood with a

key. Sent by the Bishops Chromatius and Heliodorus, Jerome, after having

obtained permission, translated them, but found it “a difficult task” (truly

so!) to reconcile the text of the “genuine” with that of the spurious Greek

gospel he was acquainted with.

(See Isis Unveiled II., 180 et seq.)

 

Logos (Gr.). The manifested deity with every nation and people; the outward

expression, or the effect of the cause which is ever concealed. Thus, speech is

the Logos of thought; hence it is aptly translated by the “Verbum” and “Word” in

its metaphysical sense.

 

Lohitanga (Sk.). The planet, Mars.

 

Loka (Sk.). A region or circumscribed place. In metaphysics, a world or sphere

or plane. The Purânas in India speak incessantly of seven and fourteen Lokas,

above, and below our earth; of heavens and hells,


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Loka Chakshub (Sk.). The “Eye of the World”; a title of the Sun, Surya.

 

Loka Pâlas (Sk.). The supporters, rulers and guardians of the world. The deities

(planetary gods) which preside over the eight cardinal points, among which are

the Tchatur (Four) Maharajahs.

 

Loki (Scand.). The Scandinavian Evil Spirit exoterically. In esoteric philosophy

“an opposing power” only because differentiating from primordial harmony. In the

Edda, he is the father of the terrible Fenris Wolf, and of the Midgard Snake. By

blood he is the brother of Odin, the good and valiant god; but in nature he is

his opposite. Loki Odin is simply two in one. As Odin is, in one sense, vital

heat, so is Loki the symbol of the passions produced by the intensity of the

former.

 

Loreley. The German copy of the Scandinavian “Lake Maiden”. Undine is one of the

names given to these maidens, who are known in exoteric Magic and Occultism as

the Water-Elementals.

 

Lost Word (Masonic). It ought to stand as “lost words” and lost secrets, in

general, for that which is termed the lost “Word” is no word at all, as in the

case of the Ineffable Name (q.v.) The Royal Arch Degree in Masonry, has been “in

search of it” since it was founded. But the “dead”—-especially those murdered—do

not speak; and were even “the Widow’s Son” to come back to life “materialized”,

he could hardly reveal that which never existed in the form in which it is now

taught. The SHEMHAMPHORASH (the separated name, through the power of which

according to his detractors, Jeshu Ben Pandira is said to have wrought his

miracles, after stealing it from the Temple)—whether derived from the “self

existent substance” of Tetragrammaton, or not, can never be a substitute, for

the lost LOGOS of divine magic.

 

Lotus (Gr.). A most occult plant, sacred in Egypt, India and else where; called

“the child of the Universe bearing the likeness of its mother in its bosom”.

There was a time “when the world was a golden lotus” (padma) says the allegory.

A great variety of these plants, from the majestic Indian lotus, down to the

marsh-lotus (bird’s foot trefoil) and the Grecian “Dioscoridis”, is eaten at

Crete and other islands. It is a species of nymphala, first introduced from

India to Egypt to which it was-not indigenous. See the text of Archaic Symbolism

in the Appendix Viii. “The Lotus, as a Universal Symbol”.

 

Lotus, Lord of the. A title applied to the various creative gods, as also to the

Lords of the Universe of which this plant is the symbol. (“See Lotus”.)

 

Love Feasts, Agapae (Gr.). These banquets of charity held by the earliest

Christians were founded at Rome by Clemens, in the reign of


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Domitian. Professor A. Kestner’s The Agapæ or the Secret World Society

(Wiltbund) of the Primitive Christians” (published 1819 at Jena) speaks of these

Love Feasts as “having a hierarchical constitution, and a groundwork of Masonic

symbolism and Mysteries” ; and shows a direct connection between the old Agapæ

and the Table Lodges or Banquets of the Freemasons. Having, however, exiled from

their suppers the “holy kiss” and women, the banquets of the latter are rather

“drinking” than “love” feasts. The early Agapæ were certainly the same as the

Phallica, which “were once as pure as the Love Feasts of early Christians” as

Mr. Bonwick very justly remarks, “though like them rapidly degenerating into

licentiousness”. (Eg. Bel. and Mod. Thought, p. 260.)

 

Lower Face or Lower Countenance (Kab.). A term applied to Microprosopus, as that

of ”Higher Face” is to Macroprosopus. The two are identical with Long Face and

Short Face.

 

Lubara (Chald.). The god of Pestilence and. Disease.

 

Lucifer (Lat.). The planet Venus, as the bright “Morning Star”. Before Milton,

Lucifer had never been a name of the Devil. Quite the reverse, since the

Christian Saviour is made to say of himself in Revelations (xvi. 22.) “I am . .

. the bright morning star” or Lucifer. One of the early Popes of Rome bore that

name; and there was even a Christian sect in the fourth century which was called

the Luciferians.

 

Lully, Raymond. An alchemist, adept and philosopher, born in the 13th century,

on the island of Majorca. It is claimed for him that, in a moment of need, he

made for King Edward III. of England several millions of gold “rose nobles”, and

thus helped him to carry on war victoriously. He founded several colleges for

the study of Oriental languages, and Cardinal Ximenes was one of his patrons and

held him in great esteem, as also Pope John XXI. He died in 1314, at a good old

age. Literature has preserved many wild stories about Raymond Lully, which would

form a most extraordinary romance. He was the elder son of the Seneshal of

Majorca and inherited great wealth from his father.

 

Lunar Gods. Called in India the Fathers, “Pitris” or the lunar ancestors. They

are subdivided, like the rest, into seven classes or Hierarchies, In Egypt

although the moon received less worship than in Chaldea or India, still Isis

stands as the representative of Luna-Lunus, “the celestial Hermaphrodite”.

Strange enough while the modern connect the moon only with lunacy and

generation, the ancient nations, who knew better, have, individually and

collectively, connected their “wisdom gods” with it. Thus in Egypt the lunar

gods are Thoth-


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Hermes and Chons; in India it is Budha, the Son of Soma, the moon; in Chaldea

Nebo is the lunar god of Secret Wisdom, etc., etc. The wife of Thoth, Sifix, the

lunar goddess, holds a pole with five rays or the five-pointed star, symbol of

man, the Microcosm, in distinction from the Septenary Macrocosm. As in all

theogonies a goddess precedes a god, on the principle most likely that the chick

can hardly precede its egg, in Chaldea the moon was held as older and more

venerable than the Sun, because, as they said, darkness precedes light at every

periodical rebirth (or “creation”) of the universe. Osiris although connected

with the Sun and a Solar god is, nevertheless, born on Mount Sinai, because Sin

is the Chaldeo-Assyrian word for the moon; so was Dio-Nysos, god of Nyssi or

Nisi, which latter appelation was that of Sinai in Egypt, where it was called

Mount Nissa. The crescent is not—as proven by many writers—an ensign of the

Turks, but was adopted by Christians for their symbol before the Mahommedans.

For ages the crescent was the emblem of the Chaldean Astarte, the Egyptian Isis,

and the Greek Diana, all of them Queens of Heaven, and finally became the emblem

of Mary the Virgin. “The Greek Christian Empire of Constantinople held it as

their palladium. Upon the conquest by the Turks, the Sultan adopted it . . . and

since that, the crescent has been made to oppose the idea of the cross”. (Eg.

Belief.)

 

Lupercalia (Lat.). Magnificent popular festivals celebrated in ancient Rome on

February 15th in honour of the God Pan, during which the Luperci, the most

ancient and respectable among the sacerdotal functionaries, sacrificed two goats

and a dog, and two of the most illustrious youths were compelled to run about

the city naked (except the loins) whipping all those whom they met. Pope

Gelasius abolished the Lupercalia in 496, but substituted for them on the same

day the procession of lighted candles.

 

Luxor (0cc.). A compound word from lux (light) and aur (fire), thus meaning the

“Light of (divine) Fire.”

 

Luxor, Brotherhood of. A certain Brotherhood of mystics. Its name had far better

never have been divulged, as it led a great number of well-meaning people into

being deceived, and relieved of their money by a certain bogus Mystic Society

speculators, born in Europe, only to be exposed and fly to America. The name is

derived from the ancient Lookshur in Beloochistan, lying between Bela and

Kedjee. The order is very ancient and the most secret of all. It is useless to

repeat that its members disclaim all connection with the “H.B. of L.”, and the

tutti quanti of commercial mystics, whether from Glasgow or Boston.

 

Lycanthropy (Gr.). Physiologically, a disease or mania, during which a person

imagines he is a wolf, and acts as such. Occultly, it


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means the same as “were-wolf”, the psychological faculty of certain sorcerers to

appear as wolves. Voltaire states that in the district of Jura, in two years

between 1598 and 1600, over 600 lycanthropes were put to death by a too

Christian judge. This does not mean that Shepherds accused of sorcery, and seen

as wolves, had indeed the power of changing themselves physically into such; but

simply that they had the hypnotizing power of making people (or those they

regarded as enemies), believe they saw a wolf when there was none in fact. The

exercise of such power is truly sorcery. “Demoniacal” possession is true at

bottom, minus the devils of Christian theology. But this is no place for a long

disquisition upon occult mysteries and magic powers.

 

                  

M  


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M—The thirteenth letter of the Hebrew and of the English alphabets, and the

twenty-fourth of the Arabic. As a Roman numeral, this letter stands for 1,000,

and with a dash on it (M) signifies one million. In the Hebrew alphabet Mem

symbolized water, and as a numeral is equivalent to 40. The Sanskrit ma is

equivalent to number 5, and is also connected with water through the sign of the

Zodiac, called Makâra (q.v.). Moreover, in the Hebrew and Latin numerals the m, 

stands “as the definite numeral for an indeterminate number”(Mackenzie’s Mason.

Cyc.), and “the Hebrew sacred name of God app]ied to this letter is Meborach,

Benedictus.” With the Esotericists the M is the symbol of the Higher Ego—Manas,

Mind.

 

Mâ (Sk.). Lit., “five”. A name of Lakshmi.

 

Ma, Mut (Eg.). The goddess of the lower world, another form of Isis, as she is

nature, the eternal mother. She was the sovereign and Ruler of the North wind,

the precursor of the overflow of the Nile, and thus called “the opener of the

nostrils of the living”. She is represented offering the ankh, or cross, emblem

of physical life to her worshippers, and is called the “Lady of Heaven”.

 

Machagistia. Magic, as once taught in Persia and Chaldea, and raised in its

occult practices into a religio-magianism. Plato, speaking of Machagistia, or

Magianism, remarks that it is the purest form of the worship of things divine.

 

Macrocosm (Gr.). The “Great Universe” literally, or Kosmos.

 

Macroprosopus (Gr.). ‘A Kabalistic term, made of a compound Greek word: meaning

the Vast or Great Countenance (See “Kabalistic Faces”); a title of Kether, the

Crown, the highest Sephira. It is the name of the Universe, called Arikh-Anpin,

the totality of that of which Microprosopus or Zauir-Anpin

“the lesser countenance”, is the part and antithesis. In its high or abstract

metaphysical sense, Microprosopus is Adam Kadmon, the vehicle of Ain-Suph, and

the crown of the Sephirothal Tree, though since Sephira and Adam Kadmon are in

fact one under two aspects, it comes to the same thing. Interpretations are

many, and they differ.

 

Madhasadana or Madhu-Sûdana (Sk.). “Slayer of Madhu” (a demon), a title of

Krishna from his killing the latter.


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Mâdhava (Sk). (1) A name of Vishnu or Krishna; (2) The month of April ; (3) A

title of Lakshmi

when written Madhavi.

 

Madhya (Sk.). Ten thousand billions.

 

Madhyama (Sk.). Used of something beginningless and endless. Thus Vâch (Sound,

the female Logos, or the female counterpart of Brahmâ is said to exist in

several states, one of which is that of Mâdhyama, which is equivalent to saying

that Vâch is eternal in one sense “the Word (Vâch) was with God, and in God”,

for the two are one.

 

Mâdhyamikas (Sk.). A sect mentioned in the Vishnu Purâna. Agreeably to the

Orientalists, a

“Buddhist sect, which is an anachronism. It was probably at first a sect of

Hindu atheists. A later school of that name, teaching a system of sophistic

nihilism, that reduces every proposition into a thesis and its antithesis, and

then denies both, has been started in Tibet and China. It adopts a few

principles of Nâgârjuna, who was one of the founders of the esoteric Mahayâna

systems, not their exoteric travesties. The allegory that regarded Nâgârjuna’s

“Paramartha” as a gift from the Nâgas (Serpents) shows that he received his

teachings from the secret school of adepts, and that the real tenets are

therefore kept secret.

 

Maga (Sk.). The priests of the Sun, mentioned in the Vishnu Purâna. They are the

later Magi of Chaldea and Iran, the forefathers of the modern Parsis.

 

Magadha (Sk.). An ancient country in India, under Buddhist Kings.

 

Mage, or Magian. From Mag or Maha. The word is the root of the word magician.

The Maha-âtma (the great Soul or Spirit) in India had its priests in the

pre-Vedic times. The Magians were priests of the fire-god; we find them among

the Assyrians and Babylonians, as well as among the Persian fire-worshippers.

The three Magi, also denominated kings, that are said to have made gifts of

gold, incense and myrrh to the infant Jesus, were fire-worshippers like the

rest, and astrologers ; for they saw his star. The high priest of the Parsis, at

Surat, is called Mobed. Others derived the name from Megh; Meh-ab signifying

some thing grand and noble. Zoroaster’s disciples were called Meghestom,

according to Kleuker.

 

Magi (Lat.). The name of the ancient hereditary priests and learned adepts in

Persia and Media, a word derived from Mâha great, which became later mog or mag,

a priest in Pehlevi. Porphyry describes them (Abst. iv. 16) as “The learned men

who are engaged among the Persians in the service of the Deity are called Magi”,

and Suidas informs us that “among the Persians the lovers of wisdom

(philalethai) are called Magi”


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The Zendavesta (ii. 171, 261) divides them into three degrees : (1) The Herbeds

or “ Noviciates” ; (2) Mobeds or “ Masters” ; (3) Destur Mobeds, or Perfect

Masters”. The Chaldees had similar colleges, as also the Egyptians, Destur

Mobeds being identical with the Hierophants of the mysteries, as practised in

Greece and Egypt.

 

Magic. The great “Science”. According to Deveria and other Orientalists, “magic

was considered as a sacred science inseparable from religion” by the oldest and

most civilized and learned nations. The Egyptians, for instance, were one of the

most sincerely religious nations, as were and still are the Hindus. “Magic

consists of, and is acquired by the worship of the gods”, said Plato. Could then

a nation, which, owing to the irrefragable evidence of inscriptions and papyri,

is proved to have firmly believed in magic for thousands of years, have been

deceived for so long a time. And is it likely that generations upon generations

of a learned and pious hierarchy, many among whom led lives of self-martyrdom,

holiness and asceticism, would have gone on deceiving themselves and the people

(or even only the latter) for the pleasure of perpetuating belief in “ miracles”

? Fanatics, we are told, will do anything to enforce belief in their god or

idols. To this we reply: in such case, Brahmans and Egyptian Rekhget-amens

(q.v.) or Hierophants would not have popularized belief in the power of man by

magic practices to command the services of the gods: which gods, are in truth,

but the occult powers or potencies of Nature, personified by the learned priests

themselves, in which they reverenced only the attributes of the one unknown and

nameless Principle. As Proclus the Platonist ably puts it : “Ancient priests,

when they considered that there is a certain alliance and sympathy in natural

things to each other, and of things manifest to occult powers, and discovered

that all things subsist in all, fabricated a sacred science from this mutual

sympathy and similarity......and applied for occult purposes, both celestial and

terrene natures, by means of which, through a certain similitude, they deduced

divine virtues into this inferior abode”. Magic is the science of communicating

with and directing supernal, supramundane Potencies, as well as of commanding

those of the lower spheres; a practical knowledge of the hidden mysteries of

nature known to only the few, because they are so difficult to acquire, without

falling into sins against nature. Ancient and mediæval mystics divided magic

into three classes—Theurgia, Goëtia and natural Magic. “Theurgia has long since

been appropriated as the peculiar sphere of the theosophists and

metaphysicians”, says Kenneth Mackenzie. Goëtia is black magic, and “natural (or

white) magic has risen with healing in its wings to the proud position of an

exact and progressive study”. The comments added by our late learned Brother


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are remarkable. “The realistic desires of modern times have contributed to bring

magic into disrepute and ridicule. . . . Faith (in one’s own self) is an

essential element in magic, and existed long before other ideas which presume

its pre-existence. It is said that it takes a wise man to make a fool; and a

man’s ideas must be exalted almost to madness, i.e., his brain susceptibilities

must be increased far beyond the low, miserable status of modern civilization,

before he can become a true magician; (for) a pursuit of this science implies a

certain amount of isolation and an abnegation of Self ”. A very great isolation,

certainly, the achievement of which constitutes a wonderful phenomenon, a

miracle in itself. Withal magic is not something supernatural. As explained by

Jamblichus, “they through the sacerdotal theurgy announce that they are able to

ascend to more elevated and universal Essences, and to those that are

established above fate, viz., to god and the demiurgus: neither employing

matter, nor assuming any other things besides, except the observation of a

sensible time”. Already some are beginning to recognise the existence of subtle

powers and influences in nature of which they have hitherto known nought. But as

Dr. Carter Blake truly remarks, “the nineteenth century is not that which has

observed the genesis of new, nor the completion of old, methods of thought”; to

which Mr. Bonwick adds that “if the ancients knew but little of our mode of

investigations into the secrets of nature, we know still less of their mode of

research”.

 

Magic, White, or “Beneficent Magic”, so-called, is divine magic, devoid of

selfishness, love of power, of ambition, or lucre, and bent only on doing good

 

to the world in general, and one’s neighbour in particular. The smallest attempt

to use one’s abnormal powers for the gratification of self, makes of these

powers sorcery or black magic.

 

Magic, Black. (Vide Supra.)

 

Magician. This term, once a title of renown and distinction, has come to he

wholly perverted from its true meaning. Once the synonym of all that was

honourable and reverent, of a possessor of learning and wisdom, it has become

degraded into an epithet to designate- one who is a pretender and a juggler; a

charlatan, in short, or one who has “sold his soul to the Evil One”, who misuses

his knowledge, and employs it for low and dangerous uses, according to the

teachings of the clergy, and a mass of superstitious fools who believe the

magician a sorcerer and an “Enchanter”. The word is derived from Magh, Mah in

Sanskrit Mâha—great; a man well versed in esoteric knowledge. (Isis Unveiled.)

 

Magna Mater (Lat.). “Great Mother”. A title given in days of old, to all the

chief goddesses of the nations, such as Diana of Ephesus, Isis, Mauth, and many

others.


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Magnes. An expression used by Paracelsus and the mediæval Theosophists. It is

the spirit of light, or Akâsa. A word much used by the mediæval Alchemists.

 

Magnetic Masonry. Also called “Iatric” masonry. It is described as a Brotherhood

of Healers (from iatrikê a Greek word meaning “the art of healing”), and is

greatly used by the “Brothers of Light ”as Kenneth Mackenzie states in the Royal

Masonic Cyclopedia. There appears to be a tradition in some secret Masonic

works—so says Ragon at any rate, the great Masonic authority—to the effect that

there was a Masonic degree called the Oracle of Cos, “instituted in the

eighteenth century B.c., from the fact that Cos was the birthplace of

Hippocrates”. The iatrikê was a distinct characteristic of the priests who took

charge of the patients in the ancient Asclepia, the temples where the god

Asclepios (Æsculapius) was said to heal the sick and the lame.

 

 

Magnetism. A Force in nature and in man. When it is the former, it is an agent

which gives rise to the various phenomena of attraction, of polarity, etc. When

the latter, it becomes “animal” magnetism, in contradistinction to cosmic, and

terrestrial magnetism.

 

Magnetism, Animal. While official science calls it a “supposed” agent, and

utterly rejects its actuality, the teeming millions of antiquity and of the now

living Asiatic nations, Occultists, Theosophists, Spiritualists, and Mystics of

every kind and description proclaim it as a well established fact. Animal

magnetism is a fluid, an emanation. Some people can emit it for curative

purposes through their eyes and the tips of their fingers, while the rest of all

creatures, mankind, animals and even every inanimate object, emanate it either

as an aura, or a varying light, and that whether consciously or not. When acted

upon by Contact: with a patient or by the will of a human operator it is called

“Mesmerism” (q.v.).

 

Magnum Opus (Lat.). In Alchemy the final completion, the “Great Labour” or Grand

Œuvre; the production of the “Philosopher’s Stone” and “Elixir of Life” which,

though not by far the myth some sceptics would have it, has yet to be accepted

symbolically, and is full of mystic meaning.

 

Magus (Lat.). in the New Testament it means a Sage, a wise man of the Chaldeans;

it is in English often used for a Magician, any wonder-worker; in the

Rosicrucian Society it is the title of the highest members, the IXth grade; the

Supreme Magus is the Head of the Order in the “Outer”; the Magi of the “Inner”

are unknown except to those of the VIIIth grade. [w.w.w.]

 

Mahâ Buddhi (Sk.). Mahat. The Intelligent Soul of the World.


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0

The seven Prakritis or seven “natures” or planes, are counted from Mahâbuddhi

downwards.

 

Mahâ Chohan (Sk.). The chief of a spiritual Hierarchy, or of a school of

Occultism; the head of the trans-Himalayan mystics.

 

Mahâ Deva (Sk.). Lit., “great god”; a title of Siva.

 

Mahâ Guru (Sk.). Lit., “great teacher”. The Initiator.

 

Mahâjwala (Sk.). A certain hell.

 

Mahâ Kâla (Sk.). “Great Time”. A name of Siva as the “Destroyer”, and of Vishnu

as the “Preserver”.

 

Mahâ Kalpa (Sk.). The “great age”.

 

Mahâ Manvantara (Sk.). Lit., the great interludes between the “Manus”. The

period of universal activity. Manvantara implying here simply a period of

activity, as opposed to Pralaya, or rest—without reference to the length of the

cycle.

 

Mahâ Mâyâ (Sk.). The great illusion of manifestation. This universe, and all in

it in their mutual relation, is called the great Illusion or Mahâmâyâ It is also

the usual title given to Gautama the Buddha’s Immaculate Mother—Mayâdêvi, or the

“Great Mystery”, as she is called by the Mystics.

 

Mahâ Pralaya (Sk.). The opposite of Mahâmanvantara, literally “the great

Dissolution”, the “Night” following the “Day of Brahmâ”. It is the great rest

and sleep of all nature after a period of active manifestation; orthodox

Christians would refer to it as the “Destruction of the World”.

 

Mahâ Parinibbâna Sutta (Pali.). One of the most authoritative of the Buddhist

sacred writings.

 

Mahâ Purusha (Sk.). Supreme or Great Spirit. A title of Vishnu.

 

Mahâ Râjikâs (Sk.). A gana or class of gods 236 in number. Certain Forces in

esoteric teachings.

 

Mahâ Sûnyata (Sk.). Space, or eternal law; the great void or chaos.

 

Mahâ Vidyâ (Sk.). The great esoteric science. The highest Initiates alone are in

possession of this science, which embraces almost universal knowledge.

 

Mahâ Yogin (Sk.). The “great ascetic”. A title of Siva.

 

Mahâ Yuga (Sk.). The aggregate of four Yugas or ages, of 4,320,000 solar years;

a “Day of Brahmâ”, in the Brahmanical system ; lit., “the great age”.

 

Mahâbhârata (Sk.). Lit., the “great war”; the celebrated epic poem of India

(probably the longest poem in the world) which includes both the Ramayana and

the Bhagavad Gîtâ “the Song Celestial”. No two


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Orientalists agree as to its date. But it is undeniably extremely ancient.

 

Mahâbhâratian period. According to the best Hindu Commentators and Swami

Dayanand Saraswati, 5,000 years B.C.

 

Mahâbhashya (Sk.). The great commentary on Pânini’s grammar by Patanjali.

 

Mahâbhautic (Sk.). Belonging to the Macrocosmic principles.

 

Mahâbhutas (Sk.). Gross elementary principles of matter.

 

Mahârâjahs, The Four (Sk.). The four great Karmic deities with the Northern

Buddhists placed at the four cardinal points to watch mankind.

 

Mahar Loka (Sk.). A region wherein dwell the Munis or “Saints” during Pralaya;

according to the Purânic accounts. It is the usual abode of Bhrigâ, a Prajâpati

(Progenitor) and a Rishi, one of the seven who are said to be co-existent with

Brahmâ.

 

Mahâsura (Sk.). The great Asura; exoterically—Satan, esoterically—the great god.

 

Mahat (Sk.). Lit., “The great one”. The first principle of Universal

Intelligence and Consciousness. In the Purânic philosophy the first product of

root-nature or Pradhâna (the same as Mulaprakriti); the producer of Manas the

thinking principle, and of Ahankâra, egotism or the feeling of “I am I” (in the

lower Manas).

 

Mahâtma. Lit., “great soul”. An adept of the highest order. Exalted beings who,

having attained to the mastery over their lower principles are thus living

unimpeded by the “man of flesh”, and are in possession of knowledge and power

commensurate with the stage they have reached in their spiritual evolution.

Called in Pali Rahats and Arhats.

 

Mâhâtmya (Sk.). “Magnanimity”, a legend of a shrine, or any holy place.

 

Mahatowarat (Sk.). Used of Parabrahm; greater than the greatest spheres.

 

Mahattattwa (Sk). The first of the seven creations called respectively in the

Purânas—Mahattattwa, Chûta, Indriya, Mukhya, Tiryaksrotas, Urdhwasrotas and

Arvaksrotas.

 

Mahoraga (Sk.). Mahâ uraga, “great serpent”——Sesha or any others.

 

Mahavanso (Pali.). A Buddhist historical work written by Bhikshu Mohânâma, the

uncle of King Dhatusma. An authority on the history of Buddhism and its spread

in the island of Ceylon.

 

Mahayâna (Pal.). A school; lit., “the great vehicle”. A mystical


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system founded by Nâgârjuna. Its books were written in the second century B.C.

 

Maitreya Buddha (Sk.). The same as the Kalki Avatar of Vishnu (the “White Horse”

Avatar),

and of Sosiosh and other Messiahs. The only difference lies in the dates of

their appearances. Thus,

while Vishnu is expected to appear on his white horse at the end of the present

Kali Yuga age “for  the final destruction of the wicked, the renovation of

creation and the restoration of purity”, Maitreya is expected earlier. Exoteric

or popular teaching making slight variations on the esoteric doctrine states

that Sakyamuni (Gautama Buddha) visited him in Tushita (a celestial abode) and

commissioned him to issue thence on earth as his successor at the expiration of

five thousand years after his (Buddha’s) death. This would be in less than 3,000

years hence. Esoteric philosophy teaches that the next Buddha will appear during

the seventh (sub) race of this Round. The fact is that Maitreya was a follower

of Buddha,

a well-known Arhat, though not his direct disciple, and that he was the founder

of an esoteric philosophical school. As shown by Eitel (Sanskrit-Chinese Dict.),

“statues were erected in his honour as early as B.C. 350”.

 

Makâra (Sk.). “The Crocodile.” In Europe the same as Capricorn; the tenth sign

of the Zodiac. Esoterically, a mystic class of devas. With the Hindus, the

vehicle of Varuna, the water-god.

 

Makâra Ketu (Sk.). A name of Kâma, the Hindu god of love and desire.

 

Makâram or Panchakaram (Sk.). In occult symbology a pentagon, the five-pointed

star, the five limbs, or extremities, of man. Very mystical.

 

Makâras (Sk.). The five M’s of the Tantrikas. (See “Tantra”).

 

Malachim (Heb.). The messengers or angels.

 

Malkuth (Heb.). The Kingdom, the tenth Sephira, corresponding to the final H

(hé) of the Tetragrammaton or IHVH. It is the Inferior Mother, the Bride of the

Microprosopus (q.v.); also called the “Queen” It is, in one sense, the Shekinah.

[w.w.w.]

 

Mamitu (Chald.). The goddess of Fate. A kind of Nemesis.

 

Manas (Sk.). Lit., “the mind”, the mental faculty which makes of man an

intelligent and moral

being, and distinguishes him from the mere animal; a synonym of Mahat.

Esoterically, however, it

means, when unqualified, the Higher EGO, or the sentient reincarnating Principle

in man. When qualified it is called by Theosophists Buddhi-Manas or the

Spiritual Soul in contradistinction to its human reflection—Kâma-Manas.

 

Manas, Kâma (Sk.). Lit., “the mind of desire.” With the Buddhists it is the

sixth of the Chadâyatana (q.v.), or the six organs of


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knowledge, hence the highest of these, synthesized by the seventh called

Klichta, the spiritual perception of that which defiles this (lower) Manas, or

the “Human-animal Soul”, as the Occultists term it. While the Higher Manas or

the Ego is directly related to Vijnâna (the 10th of the 12 Nidânas)—which is the

perfect knowledge of all forms of knowledge, whether relating to object or

subject in the nidânic concatenation of causes and effects; the lower, the Kâma

Manas is but one of the Indriya or organs (roots) of Sense. Very little can be

said of the dual Manas here, as the doctrine that treats of it, is correctly

stated only in esoteric works. Its mention can thus be only very superficial.

 

Manas Sanyama (Sk.). Perfect concentration of the mind, and control over it,

during Yoga practices.

 

Manas Taijasi (Sk.). Lit., the “radiant” Manas; a state of the Higher Ego, which

only high metaphysicians are able to realize and comprehend.

 

Mânasa or Manaswin (Sk.). “The efflux of the divine mind,” and explained as

meaning that this efflux signifies the manasa or divine sons of Brahmâ-Virâj.

Nilakantha who is the authority for this statement, further explains the term

“manasa” by manomâtrasarira. These Manasa are the Arupa or incorporeal sons of

the Prajâpati Virâj, in another version. But as Arjuna Misra identifies Virâj

with Brahmâ, and as Brahmâ is Mahat, the universal mind, the exoteric blind

becomes plain. The Pitris are identical with the Kumâra, the Vairaja, the

Manasa-Putra (mind sons), and are finally identified with the human “Egos”.

 

Mânasa Dhyânis (Sk.). The highest Pitris in the Purânas; the Agnishwatthas, or

Solar Ancestors of Man, those who made of Man a rational being, by incarnating

in the senseless forms of semi-ethereal flesh of the men of the third race. (See

Vol. II. of Secret Doctrine.)

 

Mânasas (Sk.). Those who endowed humanity with manas or intelligence, the

immortal EGOS in men. (See “Manas”.)

 

Manasasarovara (Sk.). Phonetically pronounced Mansoravara. A sacred lake in

Tibet, in the Himalayas, also called Anavatapta. Manasasarovara is the name of

the tutelary deity of that lake and, according to popular folk-lore, is said to

be a nâga, a “serpent”. This, translated esoterically, means a great adept, a

sage. The lake is a great place of yearly pilgrimage for the Hindus, as the

Vedas are claimed to have been written on its shores.

 

Mânava (Sk.). A land of ancient India; a Kalpa or Cycle. The name of a weapon

used by Râma; meaning  of “Manu” as,―

 

Mânava Dharma Shâstra—is the ancient code of law of, or by Manu.

 

Mandala (Sk.). A circle; also the ten divisions of the Vedas.


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Mandara (Sk.). The mountain used by the gods as a stick to churn the ocean of

milk in the Purânas.

 

Mandâkinî (Sk.). The heavenly Ganga or Ganges.

 

Mandragora (Gr.). A plant whose root has the human form. In Occultism it is used

by black magicians for various illicit objects, and some of the “left-hand”

Occultists make homunculi with it. It is commonly called mandrake, and is

supposed to cry out when pulled out of the ground.

 

Manes or Manus (Lat.). Benevolent “gods”, i.e., “spooks” of the lower world

(Kâmaloka); the deified shades of the dead—of the ancient profane, and the

“materialized”ghosts of the modern Spiritualists, believed to be the souls of

the departed, whereas, in truth, they are only their empty shells, or images.

 

Manichæans (Lat.). A sect of the third century which believed in two eternal

principles of good and evil; the former furnishing mankind with souls, and the

latter with bodies. This sect was founded by a certain half-Christian mystic

named Mani, who gave himself out as the expected “Comforter”, the Messiah and

Christ. Many centuries later, after the sect was dead, a Brotherhood arose,

calling itself the “Manichees”, of a masonic character with several degrees of

initiation. Their ideas were Kabalistic, but were misunderstood.

 

Mano (Gnost.). The Lord of Light. Rex Lucis, in the Codex Nazaræus. He is the

Second “Life” of the second or manifested trinity “the heavenly life and light,

and older than the architect of heaven and earth” (Cod. Naz., Vol. I. p. 145).

These trinities are as follows. The Supreme Lord of splendour and of light,

luminous and refulgent, before which no other existed, is called Corona (the

crown); Lord Ferho, the unrevealed life which existed in the former from

eternity; and Lord Jordan—the spirit, the living water of grace (Ibid. II pp.

45-51). He is the one through whom alone we can be saved. These three constitute

the trinity in abscondito. The second trinity is composed of the three lives.

The first is the similitude of Lord Ferho, through whom he has proceeded forth;

and the second Ferho is the King of Light—MANO. The second life is Ish Amon

(Pleroma), the vase of election, containing the visible thought of the Jordanus

Maximus—the type (or its intelligible reflection), the prototype of the living

water, who is the “spiritual Jordan”. (Ibid. II., p. 211.) The third life, which

is produced by the other two, is ABATUR (Ab, the Parent or Father). This is the

mysterious and decrepit “Aged of the Aged”, the Ancient “Senem sui obtegentem et

grandævum mundi.” This latter third Life is the Father of the Demiurge Fetahil,

the Creator of the world, whom the Ophites call llda-Baoth (q.v.), though

Fetahil is the only-begotten one, the reflection of the Father, Abatur, who

begets him


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by looking into the “dark water”. Sophia Achamoth also begets her Son Ilda-Baoth

the Demiurge, by looking into the chaos of matter. But the Lord Mano, “the Lord

of loftiness, the Lord of all genii”, is higher than the Father, in this

kabalistic Codex—one is purely spiritual, the other material. So, for instance,

while Abatur’s “only-begotten” one is the genius Fetahil, the Creator of the

physical world, Lord Mano, the “Lord of Celsitude”, who is the son of Him, who

is “the Father of all who preach the Gospel”, produces also an “only-begotten”

one, the Lord Lehdaio, “a just Lord”. He is the Christos, the anointed, who

pours out the “grace” of the Invisible Jordan, the Spirit of the Highest Crown.

(See for further information Isis Unveiled. Vol. II., pp. 227, et. seq.)

 

Manodhâtu (Sk.). Lit., the “World of the mind”, meaning not only all our mental

faculties, but also one of the divisions of the plane of mind. Each human being

has his Manodhatu or plane of thought

proportionate with the degree of his intellect and his mental faculties, beyond

which he can go only by studying and developing his higher spiritual faculties

in one of the higher spheres of thought.

 

Manomaya Kosha (Sk.). A Vedantic term, meaning the Sheath (Kosha) of the

Manomaya, an equivalent for fourth and fifth “principles” in man. In esoteric

philosophy this “Kosha” corresponds to the dual Manas.

 

Manticism, or Mantic Frenzy. During this state was developed the gift of

prophecy. The two words are nearly synonymous. One was as honoured as the other.

Pythagoras and Plato held it in high esteem, and Socrates advised his disciples

to study Manticism. The Church Fathers, who condemned so severely the mantic

frenzy in Pagan priests and Pythiæ, were not above applying it to their own

uses. The Montanists, who took their name from Montanus, a bishop of Phrygia,

who was considered divinely inspired, contended with the mavnteiz (manteis) or

prophets. “Tertullian, Augustine, and the martyrs of Carthage, were of the

number”, says the author of Prophecy, Ancient and Modern. “The Montanists seem

to have resembled the Bacchantes in the wild enthusiasm that characterized their

orgies,” he adds. There is a diversity of opinion as to the origin of the word

Manticism. There was the famous Mantis the Seer, in the days of Melampus and

Prœtus King of Argos; and there was Manto, the daughter of the prophet of

Thebes, herself a prophetess. Cicero describes prophecy and mantic frenzy, by

saying, that “in the inner recesses of the mind is divine prophecy hidden and

confined, a divine impulse, which when it burns more vividly is called furor”,

frenzy. (Isis Unveiled.)

 

Mantra period (Sk.). One of the four periods into which Vedic literature has

been divided.


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 Mantra Shâstra (Sk.). Brahmanical writings on the occult science of

incantations.

                                                                                 

          

Mantra Tantra Shâstras (Sk.). Works on incantations, but specially on magic.

 

Mantras (Sk.). Verses from the Vedic works, used as incantations and charms. By

Mantras are meant all those portions of the Vedas which are distinct from the

Brahmanas, or their interpretation.

 

Mantrika Sakti (Sk.). The power, or the occult potency of mystic words, sounds,

numbers or letters in these Mantras.

 

Manjusri (Tib.). The God of Wisdom. In Esoteric philosophy a certain Dhyan

Chohan.

 

Manu (Sk.). The great Indian legislator. The name comes from the Sanskrit root

man “to think”—mankind really, but stands for Swâyambhuva, the first of the

Manus, who started from Swâyambhu, “the self-existent” hence the Logos, and the

progenitor of mankind. Manu is the first Legislator, almost a Divine Being.

 

Manu Swâyambhuva (Sk). The heavenly man. Adam-Kadmon, the synthesis of the

fourteen Manus.

 

Manus (Sk.). The fourteen Manus are the patrons or guardians of the race cycles

in a Manvantara, or Day of Brahmâ. The primeval Manus are seven, they become

fourteen in the Purânas.

 

Manushi or Manushi Buddhas (Sk.). Human Buddhas, Bodhisattvas, or incarnated

Dhyan Chohans.

 

Manvantara (Sk.). A period of manifestation, as opposed to Pralaya (dissolution,

or rest), applied to various cycles, especially to a Day of Brahmâ,

4,320,000,000 Solar years—and to the reign of one Manu— 308,448,000. (See Vol.

II. of the Secret Doctrine, p. 68 et. seq.) Lit., Manuantara—between Manus.

 

Maquom (Chald.) “A secret place” in the phraseology of the Zohar, a concealed

spot, whether referring to a sacred shrine in a temple, to the “Womb of the

World”, or the human womb. A Kabalistic term.

 

Mâra (Sk.). The god of Temptation, the Seducer who tried to turn away Buddha

from his PATH. He is called the “Destroyer” and “Death” (of the Soul). One of

the names of Kâma, God of love.

 

Marabut. A Mahometan pilgrim who has been to Mekka, a saint. After his death his

body is placed in an open sepulchre built above ground, like other buildings,

but in the middle of the streets and public places of populated cities. Placed

inside the small and only room of the tomb (and several such public sarcophagi

of brick and mortar may be seen to this day in the streets and squares of

Cairo), the devotion of the way farers keeps a lamp ever burning at his head.

The tombs of some of


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these marabuts are very famous for the miracles they are alleged to perform.

 

Marcionites. An ancient Gnostic Sect founded by Marcion who was a devout

Christian as long as no dogma of human creation came to mar the purely

transcendental, and metaphysical concepts, and the original beliefs of the early

Christians. Such primitive beliefs were those of Marcion. He denied the

historical facts (as now found in the Gospels) of Christ’s birth, incarnation

and passion, and also the resurrection of the body of Jesus, maintaining that

such statements were simply the carnalization of metaphysical allegories and

symbolism, and a degradation of the true spiritual idea. Along with all the

other Gnostics, Marcion accused the “Church Fathers”, as Irenæus himself

complains, of “framing their (Christian) doctrine according to the capacity of

their hearers, fabling blind things for the blind, according to their blindness;

for the dull, according to their dulness: for those in error, according to their

errors.”

 

Mârga (Sk.). “The “Path”, The Ashthânga mârga, the “holy” or sacred path is the

one that leads to Nirvâna. The eight-fold path has grown out of the seven-fold

path, by the addition of the (now) first of the eight Marga; i.e., “the

possession of orthodox views”; with which a real Yogâcharya would have nothing

to do.

 

Mârîchi (Sk.). One of the “mind-born” sons of Brahmâ in the Purânas. Brahmans

make of him the personified light, the parent of Sûrya, the Sun and the direct

ancestor of Mahâkâsyapa. The Northern Buddhists of the Yogachârya School, see in

Mârîchi Deva, a Bodhisattva, while Chinese Buddhists (especially the Tauists),

have made of this conception the Queen of Heaven, the goddess of light, ruler of

the sun and moon. With the pious but illiterate Buddhists, her magic formula “Om

Mârîchi svâha”

is very powerful. Speaking of Mârîchi, Eitel mentions “Georgi, who explains the

name as a ‘Chinese transcription of the name of the holy Virgin Mary’” (!!).  As

Mârîchi is the chief of the Maruts and one of the seven primitive Rishis, the

supposed derivation does seem a little far fetched.

 

Mârishâ (Sk.). The daughter of the Sage Kanda and Pramlochâ, the Apsara-demon

from Indra’s heaven. She was the mother of Daksha. An allegory referring to the

Mystery of the Second and Third human Races.

 

Martinists. A Society in France, founded by a great mystic called the Marquis de

St. Martin, a disciple of Martinez Pasqualis. It was first established at Lyons

as a kind of occult Masonic Society, its members believing in the possibility of

communicating with Planetary

 
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Spirits and minor Gods and genii of the ultramundane Spheres. Louis Claude de

St. Martin, born in 1743, had commenced life as a brilliant officer in the army,

but left it to devote himself to study and the belles lettres, ending his career

by becoming an ardent Theosophist and a disciple of Jacob Boehmen. He tried to

bring back Masonry to its primeval character of Occultism and Theurgy, but

failed. He first made his “Rectified Rite” to consist of ten degrees, but these

were brought down owing to the study of the original Masonic orders—to seven.

Masons complain that he introduced certain ideas and adopted rites “at variance

with the archæological history of Masonry”; but so did Cagliostro and St Germain

before him, as all those who knew well the origin of Free masonry.

 

Mârttanda, (Sk.). The Vedic name of the Sun.

 

Mârut Jivas (Sk.). The monads of Adepts who have attained the final liberation,

but prefer to

re-incarnate on earth for the sake of Humanity. Not to be confused, however,

with the Nirmânakâyas, who are far higher.

 

Mâruts (Sk.). With the Orientalists Storm-Gods, but in the Veda something very

mystical. In the esoteric teachings as they incarnate in every round, they are

simply identical with some of the Agnishwatta Pitris, the Human intelligent

Egos. Hence the allegory of Siva transforming the lumps of flesh into boys, and

calling them Maruts, to show senseless men transformed by becoming the Vehicles

of the Pitris or Fire Maruts, and thus rational beings.

 

Masben ... (Chald.). A Masonic term meaning “the Sun in putrefaction”. Has a

direct reference—perhaps forgotten by the Masons—to their “Word at Low Breath”.

 

Mash-Mak. By tradition an Atlantean word of the fourth Race, to denote a

mysterious Cosmic fire, or rather Force, which was said to be able to pulverize

in a second whole cities and disintegrate the world.

 

 

Masorah (Heb.). The name is especially applied to a collection of notes,

explanatory, grammatical and critical, which are found on the margin of ancient

Hebrew MSS., or scrolls of the Old Testament. The Masoretes were also called

Melchites.

 

Masoretic Points, or Vowels (Heb.). Or, as the system is now called, Masóra from

Massoreh or Massoreth, “tradition”, and Mâsar, to “hand down”. The Rabbins who

busied themselves with the Masorah, hence called Masorites, were also the

inventors of the Masoretic points, which are supposed to give the vowelless

words of the Scriptures their true pronunciation, by the addition of points

representing vowels to the consonants. This was the invention of the learned and

cunning Rabbins of the School of Tiberias (in the ninth century of our era),

who,


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by doing so, have put an entirely new construction on the chief words and names

in the Books of Moses, and made thereby confusion still more confounded. The

truth is, that this scheme has only added additional blinds to those already

existing in the Pentateuch and other works.

 

Mastaba (Eg.). The upper portion of an Egyptian tomb, which, say the

Egyptologists, consisted always of three parts: namely (1) the Mastaba or

memorial chapel above ground, (2) a Pit from twenty to ninety feet in depth,

which led by a passage, to (3) the Burial Chamber, where stood the Sarcophagus,

containing the mummy sleeping its sleep of long ages. Once the latter interred,

the pit was filled up and the entrance to it concealed. Thus say the

Orientalists, who divide the last resting place of the mummy on almost the same

principles as theologians do man—into body, soul, and spirit or mind. The fact

is, that these tombs of the ancients were symbolical like the rest of their

sacred edifices, and that this symbology points directly to the septenary

division of man. But in death the order is reversed; and while the Mastaba with

its scenes of daily life painted on the walls, its table of offerings, to the

Larva, the ghost, or “Linga Sarira”, was a memorial raised to the two Principles

and Life which had quitted that which was a lower trio on earth; the Pit, the

Passage, the Burial Chambers and the mummy in the Sarcophagus, were the

objective symbols raised to the two perishable “principles”, the personal mind

and Kama, and the three imperishable, the higher Triad, now merged into one.

This “One” was the Spirit of the Blessed now resting in the Happy Circle of

Aanroo.

 

Matari Svan (Sk.). An ærial being shown in Rig-Veda bringing down agni or fire

to the Bhrigus; who are called “The Consumers”, and are described by the

Orientalists as “a class of mythical beings who belonged to the middle or ærial

class of gods”. In Occultism the Bhrigus are simply the “Salamanders” of the

Rosicrucians and Kabalists.

 

Materializations. In Spiritualism the word signifies the objective appearance of

the so-called “Spirits” of the dead, who reclothe themselves occasionally in

matter; i.e., they form for themselves out of the materials at hand, which are

found in the atmosphere and the emanations of those present, a temporary body

hearing the human likeness of the defunct as he appeared, when alive.

Theosophists accept the phenomenon of “materialization”; but they reject the

theory that it is produced by “ Spirits”, i.e., the immortal principles of the

disembodied persons. Theosophists hold that when the phenomenon is genuine—and

it is a fact of rarer occurrence than is generally believed—it is produced by

the larvæ, the eidola or Kamalokic “ghosts” of dead personalities. (See


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“Kâmadhâtu”, “Kâmaloka” and “Kâmarupa”.) As Kâmaloka is on the earth plane and

differs from its degree of materiality only in the degree of its plane of

consciousness, for which reason it is concealed from our normal sight, the

occasional apparition of such shells is as natural as that of electric balls and

other atmospheric phenomena. Electricity as a fluid, or atomic matter (for

Theosophists hold with Maxwell that it is atomic), though invisible, is ever

present in the air, and manifests under various shapes, but only when certain

conditions are there to “materialize” the fluid, when it passes from its own on

to our plane and makes itself objective. Similarly with the eidola of the dead.

They are present, around us, but being on another plane do not see us any more

than we see them. But whenever the strong desires of living men and the

conditions furnished by the abnormal constitutions of mediums are combined

together, these eidola are drawn—nay, pulled down from their plane on to ours

and made objective. This is Necromancy ; it does no good to the dead, and great

harm to the living, in addition to the fact that it interferes with a law of

nature. The occasional materialization of the “astral bodies” or doubles of

living persons is quite another matter. These “astrals” are often mistaken for

the apparitions of the dead, since, chameleon-like, our own “Elementaries”,

along with those of the disembodied and cosmic Elementals, will often assume the

appearance of those images which are strongest in our thoughts. In short, at the

so-called “materialization” seances it is those present and the medium, who

create the peculiar likeness of the apparitions. Independent “apparitions”

belong to another kind of psychic phenomena. Materializations are also called

“form-manifestations” and “portrait statues”. To call them materialized spirits

is inadmissible, for they are not spirits but animated portrait-statues, indeed.

 

Mathadhipatis (Sk.). Heads of various religious Brotherhoods in India, High

Priests in Monasteries.

 

Matrâ (Sk.). The shortest period of time as applied to the duration of sounds,

equal to the twinkling of the eye.

 

Mâtrâ (Sk.). The quantity of a Sanskrit Syllable.

 

Mâtripadma (Sk.). The mother-lotus; the womb of Nature.

 

Mâtris (Sk.). “Mothers,” the divine mothers. Their number is seven. They are the

female aspects and powers of the gods.

 

Matronethah (Heb. Kab.). Identical with Malcuth, the tenth Sephira. Lit.,

Matrona is the “inferior mother”.

 

Matsya (Sk.). “A fish.” Matsya avatar was one of the earliest incarnations of

Vishnu.


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Matsya Purâna (Sk.). The Scripture or Purâna which treats of that incarnation.

 

Mâyâ (Sk.). Illusion ; the cosmic power which renders phenomenal existence and

the perceptions thereof possible. In Hindu philosophy that alone which is

changeless and eternal is called reality ; all that which is subject to change

through decay and differentiation and which has therefore a begining and an end

is regarded as mâyâ—illusion.

 

Mâyâ Moha (Sk.). An illusive form assumed by Vishnu in order to deceive ascetic

Daityas who were becoming too holy through austerities and hence too dangerous

in power, as says the Vishnu Purâna.

 

Mâyâvi Rûpa (Sk.). “Illusive form”; the “double” in esoteric philosophy;

döppelganger or perisprit in German and French.

 

Mayavic Upadhi (Sk.). The covering of illusion, phenomenal appearance.

 

Mazdeans. From (Ahura) Mazda. (See Spiegel’s Yasna, xl.) They were the ancient

Persian nobles who worshipped Ormazd, and, rejecting images, inspired the Jews

with the same horror for every concrete representation of the Deity. They seem

in Herodotus’ time to have been superseded by the Magian religionists. The

Parsis and Gebers, (geberim, mighty men, of Genesis vi. and x. 8) appear to be

Magian religionists.

 

Mazdiasnian. Zoroastrian; lit., “worshipping god”.

 

M’bul (Heb.). The “waters of the flood”. Esoterically, the periodical

outpourings of astral impurities on to the earth; periods of psychic crimes and

iniquities, or of regular moral cataclysms.

 

Medinî(Sk.). The earth; so-called from the marrow (medas) of two demons. These

monsters springing from the ear of the sleeping Vishnu, were preparing to kill

Brahmâ who was lying on the lotus which grows from Vishnu’s navel, when the god

of Preservation awoke and killed them. Their bodies being thrown into the sea

produced such a quantity of fat and marrow that Nârâyana used it to form the

earth with.

 

Megacosm (Gr.). The world of the Astral light, or as explained by a puzzled

Mason “a great world, not identical with Macrocosm, the Universe, but something

between it and Microcosm, the little world” or man.

 

Mehen (Eg.). In popular myths, the great serpent which represents the lower

atmosphere. In Occultism, the world of the Astral light, called symbolically the

Cosmic Dragon and the Serpent. (See the works of Eliphaz Lévi, who called this

light le Serpent du Mal, and by other names, attributing to it all the evil

influences on the earth.)

 

Melekh (Heb.). Lit., “a King”. A title of the Sephira Tiphereth,


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the V, or vau in the tetragrammaton—the son or Microprosopus (the Lesser Face).

 

Melhas (Sk.). A class of fire-gods or Salamanders.

 

Memrab (Heb.). In the Kabala, “the voice of the will” i.e., the collective

forces of nature in activity, called the “Word”, or Logos, by the Jewish

Kabalists.

 

Mendæans (Gr.). Also called Sabians, and St. John Christians. The latter is

absurd, since, according to all accounts, and even their own, they have nothing

at all to do with Christianity, which they abominate. The modern sect of the

Mendæans is widely scattered over Asia Minor and elsewhere, and is rightly

believed by several Orientalists to be a direct surviving relic of the Gnostics.

For as explained in the Dictionnaire des Apocryphes by the Abbé Migrie (art. “Le

Code Nazaréan” vulgaire-ment appele

“Livre d’Adam”), the Mendæans (written in French Mandaїtes, which name they

pronounce as Mandai) “properly signifies science, knowledge or Gnosis. Thus it

is the equivalent of Gnostics” (loc. cit. note p. 3). As the above cited work

shows, although many travellers have spoken of a sect whose followers are

variously named Sabians, St. John’s Christians and Mendæans, and who are

scattered around

Schat-Etarab at the junction of the Tigris and Euphrates (principally at

Bassorah, Hoveїza, Korna, etc.), it was Norberg who was the first to point out a

tribe belonging to the same sect established in Syria. And they are the most

interesting of all. This tribe, some 14,000 or 15,000 in number, lives at a

 

day’s march east of Mount Lebanon, principally at Elmerkah, (Lata-Kieh). They

call themselves indifferently Nazarenes and Galileans, as they originally come

to Syria from Galilee. They claim that their religion is the same as that of St.

John the Baptist, and that it has not changed one bit since his day. On festival

days they clothe them selves in camel’s skins, sleep on camel’s skins, and eat

locusts and honey as did their “Father, St. John the Baptist”. Yet they call

Jesus Christ an impostor, a false Messiah, and Nebso (or the planet Mercury in

its evil side), and show him as a production of the Spirit of the “seven badly-

disposed stellars” (or planets). See Codex Nazaræus, which is their Scripture.

 

Mendes (Gr.). The name of the demon-goat, alleged by the Church of Rome to have

been worshipped by the Templars and other Masons. But this goat was a myth

created by the evil fancy of the odium theologicum. There never was such a

creature, nor was its worship known among Templars or their predecessors, the

Gnostics. The god of Mendes, or the Greek Mendesius, a name given to Lower Egypt

in pre-Christian days, was the ram-headed god Ammon, the living and holy spirit

of Ra, the life-giving sun; and this led certain Greek authors into the error of

 


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affirming that the Egyptians called the “goat” (or the ram-headed god) himself,

Mendes. Ammon was for ages the chief deity of Egypt, the supreme god; Amoun-Ra

the “hidden god”, or Amen (the concealed) the Self-engendered who is “his own

father and his own son”. Esoterically, he was Pan, the god of nature or nature

personified, and probably the cloven foot of Pan the goat-footed, helped to

produce the error of this god being a goat. As Ammon’s shrine was at

Pa-bi-neb-tat, “the dwelling of Tat or Spirit, Lord of Tat” (Bindedi in the

Assyrian inscriptions), the Greeks first corrupted the name into Bendes and then

into Mendes from “Mendesius”. The “error” served ecclesiastical purposes too

well to be made away with, even when recognized.

 

Mensambulism (Lat.). A word coined by some French Kabalists to denote the

phenomenon of “table turning” from the Latin mensa, a table.

 

Meracha phath (Heb.). Used of the “breathing” of the divine Spirit when in the

act of hovering over the waters of space before creation (See Siphra Dzeniutha).

 

Mercavah or Mercabah (Heb.). A chariot: the Kabalists say that the Supreme after

he had established the Ten Sephiroth used them as a chariot or throne of glory

on which to descend upon the souls of men.

 

Merodach (Chald.). God of Babylon, the Bel of later times. He is the son of

Davkina, goddess of the lower regions, or the earth, and of Hea, God of the Seas

and Hades with the Orientalists; but esoterically and with the Akkadians, the

Great God of Wisdom, “he who resurrects the dead”. Hea, Ea, Dagon or Oannes and

Merodach are one.

 

Meru (Sk.). The name of an alleged mountain in the centre (or “navel”) of the

earth where Swarga, the Olympus of the indians, is placed. It contains the

“cities” of the greatest gods and the abodes of various Devas. Geographically

accepted, it is an unknown mountain north of the Himalayas. In tradition, Meru

was the “ Land of Bliss” of the earliest Vedic times. It is also referred to as

Hemâdri “the golden mountain”, Ratnasânu, “jewel peak”, Karnikâchala, “lotus-

mountain”, and Amarâdri and Deva-parvata, “the mountain of the gods” The Occult

teachings place it in the very centre of the North Pole, pointing it out as the

site of the first continent on our earth, after the solidification of the globe.

 

Meshia and Meshiane (Zend). The Adam and Eve of the Zoroastrians, in the early

Persian system; the first human couple.

 

Mesmer, Friedrich Anton. The famous physician who rediscovered and applied

practically that magnetic fluid in man which was called animal magnetism and

since then Mesmerism. He was born in Schwaben, in 1734 and died in 1815. He was

an initiated member of the Brother-


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hoods of the Fratres Lucis and of Lukshoor (or Luxor), or the Egyptian Branch

of’ the latter. It was the Council of “Luxor” which selected him—according to

the orders of the “Great Brotherhood”—to act in the XVIIIth century as their

usual pioneer, sent in the last quarter of every century to enlighten a small

portion of the Western nations in occult lore. It was St. Germain who supervised

the development of events in this case; and later Cagliostro was commissioned to

help, but having made a series of mistakes, more or less fatal, he was recalled.

Of these three men who were at first regarded as quacks, Mesmer is already

vindicated. The justification of the two others will follow in the next century.

Mesmer founded the “Order of Universal Harmony” in 1783, in which presumably

only animal magnetism was taught, but which in reality expounded the tenets of

Hippocrates, the methods of the ancient Asclepieia, the Temples of Healing, and

many other occult sciences.

 

Metatron (Heb.). The Kabbalistic “Prince of Faces”, the Intelligence of the

First Sephira, and the reputed ruler of Moses. His numeration is 314, the same

as the deity title “Shaddai”, Almighty. He is also the Angel of the world of

Briah, and he who conducted the Isrælites through the Wilderness, hence, the

same as “the Lord God” Jehovah. The name resembles the Greek words metathronon

or “beside the Throne”.[w.w.w.]

 

Metempsychosis. The progress of the soul from one stage of existence to another.

Symbolized as and vulgarly believed to be rebirths in animal bodies. A term

generally misunderstood by every class of European and American society,

including many scientists. Metempsychosis should apply to animals alone. The

kabalistic axiom, “A stone becomes a plant, a plant an animal, an animal a man,

a man a spirit, and a spirit a god”, receives an explanation in Manu’s

Mânava-Dharma-Shâstra and other Brahmanical books.

 

Metis (Gr.). Wisdom. The Greek theology associated Metis— Divine Wisdom, with

Eros—Divine Love. The word is also said to form part of the Templars’ deity or

idol Baphomet, which some authorities derive from Baphe, baptism, and Metis,

wisdom; while others say that the idol represented the two teachers whom the

Templars equally denied, viz., Papa or the Pope, and Mahomet. [w.w.w.]

 

Midgard (Scand.). The great snake in the Eddas which gnaws the roots of the

Yggdrasil—the Tree of Life and the Universe in the legend of the Norsemen.

Midgard is the Mundane Snake of Evil.

 

Midrashim (Heb.). “Ancient”—the same as Purâna ; the ancient writings of the

Jews as the Purânas are called the “Ancient” (Scriptures) of India.


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Migmar (Tib.). The planet Mars.

 

Mîmânsâ (Sk.). A school of philosophy; one of the six in India. There are two

Mîmânsâ the older and the younger. The first, the “Pârva-Mîmânsâ”, was founded

by Jamini, and the later or “Uttara Mîmânsâ”, by a Vyasa—and is now called the

Vedânta school. Sankarâchârya was the most prominent apostle of the latter. The

Vedânta school is the oldest of all the six Darshana (lit., “demonstrations”),

but even to the Pûrva-Mîmânsâ no higher antiquity is allowed than 500 B.C.

Orientalists in favour of the absurd idea that all these schools are “due to

Greek influence”, in order to have them fit their theory would make them of

still later date. The Shad-darshana (or Six Demonstrations) have all a starting

point in common, and maintain that ex nihilo nihil fit.

 

Mimir (Scand.). A wise giant in the Eddas. One of the Jotuns or Titans. He had a

well which he watched over (Mimir’s well), which contained the waters of

Primeval Wisdom, by drinking of which Odin acquired the knowledge of all past,

present, and future events.

 

Minas (Sk.). The same as Meenam, the Zodiacal sign Pisces or Fishes.

 

 

Minos (Gr.,). The great Judge in Hades. An ancient King of Crete.

 

Miölner (Scand.) The storm-hammer of Thor (See “Svastica”) made for him by the

Dwarfs; with it the God conquered men and gods alike. The same kind of magic

weapon as the Hindu Agneyastra, the fire- weapon.

 

Mirror. The Luminous Mirror, Aspaqularia nera, a Kabbalistic term, means the

power of foresight and farsight, prophecy such as Moses had. Ordinary mortals

have only the Aspaqularia della nera or Non Luminous Mirror, they see only in a

glass darkly: a parallel symbolism is that of the conception of the Tree of

Life, and that only of the Tree of Knowledge. [w.w.w.]

 

Mishnah (Heb.). The older portion of the Jewish Talmud, or oral law,, consisting

of supplementary regulations for the guidance of the Jews with an ample

commentary. The contents are arranged in six sections, treating of Seeds,

Feasts, Women, Damages, Sacred Things and Purification. Rabbi Judah Haunasee

codified the Mishnah about AM. 140.[w.w.w.]

 

Mistletoe. This curious plant, which grows only as a parasite upon other trees,

such as the apple and the oak, was a mystic plant in several ancient religions,

notably that of the Celtic Druids: their priests cut the Mistletoe with much

ceremony at certain seasons, and then only with a specially consecrated golden

knife. Hislop suggests as a religious explanation that the Mistletoe being a

Branch growing out of a Mother tree was worshipped as a Divine Branch out of an

Earthly Tree, the


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union of deity and humanity. The name in German means “all heal”. Compare the

Golden Branch in Virgil’s Æneid, Vi. 126: and Pliny, Hist. Nat., xvii. 4

“Sacerdos candida veste cultus arborem scandit,

falce aurea demetit.” [w.w.w.]

 

Mitra or Mithra. (Pers.) An ancient Iranian deity, a sun-god, as evidenced by

his being lion-headed. The name exists also in India and means a form of the

sun. The Persian Mithra, he who drove out of heaven Ahriman, is a kind of

Messiah who is expected to return as the judge of men, and is a sin-bearing god

who atones for the iniquities of mankind. As such, however, he is directly

connected with the highest Occultism, the tenets of which were expounded during

the Mithraic Mysteries which thus bore his name.

 

Mitre. The head-dress of a religious dignitary, as of a Roman Catholic Bishop: a

capending upwards in two lips, like a fish’s head with open mouth—os tincæ

associated with Dagon, the Babylonian deity, the word dag meaning fish.

Curiously enough the os uteri has been so called in the human female and the

fish is related to the goddess Aphrodite who sprang from the sea. It is curious

also that the ancient Chaldee legends speak of a religious teacher coming to

them springing out of the sea, named Oannes and Annedotus, half fish, half man.

[w.w.w.]

 

Mizraim (Eg.). The name of Egypt in very ancient times, This name is now

connected with Freemasonry. See the rite of Mizraim and the rite of Memphis in

Masonic Cyclopædias.

 

Mlechchhas (Sk.). Outcasts. The name given to all foreigners, and those who are

non-Aryas.

 

Mnevis (Eg.). The bull Mnevis, the Son of Ptah, and the symbol of the Sun-god

Ra, as Apis was supposed to be Osiris in the sacred bull-form. His abode was at

Heliopolis, the City of the Sun. He was black and carried on his horns the

sacred uræus and disk.

 

Mobeds (Zend). Parsi, or Zoroastrian priests.

 

Moira (Gr.). The same as the Latin Fatum—fate, destiny, the power which rules

over the actions, sufferings, the life and struggles of men. But this is not

Karma; it is only one of its agent-forces.

 

Moksha (Sk.). “Liberation.” The same as Nirvâna; a post mortem state of rest and

bliss of the “Soul-Pilgrim”.

 

Monad (Gr.). The Unity, the one ; but in Occultism it often means the unified

triad, Atma-Buddhi-Manas, or the duad, Atma-Buddhi, that immortal part of man

which reincarnates in the lower kingdoms, and gradually progresses through them

to Man and then to the final goal— Nirvâna.

 

Monas (Gr.). The same as the term Monad ; “Alone”, a unit. In

 
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the Pythagorean system the duad emanates from the higher and solitary Monas,

which is thus the “First Cause”.

 

Monogenes (Gr.). Lit., “the only-begotten”; a name of Proserpine and other gods

and goddesses.

 

Moon. The earth’s satellite has figured very largely as an emblem in the

religions of antiquity; and most commonly has been represented as Female, but

this is not universal, for in the myths of the Teutons and Arabs, as well as in

the conception of the Rajpoots of India (see Tod, Hist.), and in Tartary the

moon was male. Latin authors speak of Luna. and also of Lunus, but with extreme

rarity. The Greek name is Selene, the Hebrew Lebanah and also Yarcah. In Egypt

the moon was associated with Isis, in Phenicia with Astarte and in Babylon with

Ishtar. From certain points of view the ancients regarded the moon also as

Androgyne. The astrologers allot an Influence to the moon over the several parts

of a man, according to the several Zodiacal signs she traverses; as well as a

special influence produced by the house she occupies in a figure.

The division of the Zodiac into the 28 mansions of the moon appears to be older

than that into 12 signs: the Copts, Egyptians, Arabs, Persians and Hindoos used

the division into 28 parts centuries ago, and the Chinese use it still.

The Hermetists said the moon gave man an astral form, while Theosophy teaches

that the Lunar Pitris were the creators of our human bodies and lower

principles. (See Secret Doctrine 1. 386.) [w.w.w.]

 

Moriah, Mount. The site of King Solomon’s first temple at Jerusalem according to

tradition. It is to that mount that Abraham journeyed to offer Isaac in

sacrifice.

 

Morya (Sk.). One of the royal Buddhist houses of Magadha; to which belonged

Chandragupta and Asoka his grandson; also the name of a Rajpoot tribe.

 

Môt (Phœn.). The same as ilus, mud, primordial chaos; a word used in the

Tyrrhenian Cosmogony

(See “Suidas”).

 

Mout or Mooth (Eg.). The mother goddess; the primordial goddess, for “all the

gods are born from Mooth”, it is said. Astronomically, the moon.

 

Mu (Senzar). The mystic word (or rather a portion of it) in Northern Buddhism.

It means the “destruction of temptation” during the course of Yoga practice.

 

Mudra (Sk.). Called the mystic seal. A system of occult signs made with the

fingers. These signs imitate ancient Sanskrit characters of magic efficacy.

First used in the Northern Buddhist Yogâcharya School,


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they were adopted later by the Hindu Tantrikas, but often misused by them for

black magic purposes.

 

Mukta and Mukti (Sk.). Liberation from sentient life; one beatified or

liberated; a candidate for Moksha, freedom from flesh and matter, or life on

this earth.

 

Mûlaprakriti (Sk.). The Parabrahmic root, the abstract deific feminine

principle—undifferentiated substance. Akâsa. Literally, “the root of Nature”

(Prakriti) or Matter.

 

 

Mulil (Chald.). A name of the Chaldean Bel.

 

Muluk-Taoos (Arab.). From Maluk, “Ruler”, a later form of Moloch, Melek, Malayak

and Malachim, “messengers”, angels. It is the Deity worshipped by the Yezidis, a

sect in Persia, kindly called by Christian theology “devil worshippers”, under

the form of a peacock. The Lord “Peacock” is not Satan, nor is it the devil; for

it is simply the symbol of the hundred eyed Wisdom ; the bird of Saraswati,

goddess of Wisdom; of Karttikeya the Kumâra, the Virgin celibate of the

Mysteries of Juno, and all the gods and goddesses connected with the secret

learning.

 

Mummy. The name for human bodies embalmed and preserved according to the ancient

Egyptian method. The process of mummification is a rite of extreme antiquity in

the land of the Pharaohs, and was considered as one of the most sacred

ceremonies. It was, moreover, a process showing considerable learning in

chemistry and surgery. Mummies 5,000 years old and more, reappear among us a

preserved and fresh as when they first came from the hands of the Parashistes.

 

Mumukshatwa (Sk.). Desire for liberation (from reincarnation and thraldom of

matter).

 

Mundakya Upanishad (Sk.). Lit., the “Mundaka esoteric doctrine”, a work of high

antiquity. It has been translated by Raja Rammohun Roy.

 

Mundane Egg or Tree, or any other such symbolical object in the world

Mythologies. Meru is a

“Mundane Mountain” ; the Bodhi Tree, or Ficus religiosa, is the Mundane Tree of

the Buddhists; just as the Yggdrasil is the “Mundane Tree” of the Scandinavians

or Norsemen.

 

Munis (Sk.). Saints, or Sages.

 

Murâri (Sk.). An epithet of Krishna or Vishnu; lit., the enemy of Mura—an Asura.

 

Mûrti(Sk.). A form, or a sign, or again a face, e.g., “Trimûrti”, the “three

Faces” or Images.

 

Murttimat (Sk.). Something inherent or incarnate in something else and

inseparable from it; like wetness in water, which is coexistent and coeval with

it. Used of some attributes of Brahmâ and other gods.


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Muspel (Scand.). A giant in the Edda, the Fire-god, and the father of the

Flames. It was these evil sons of the good Muspel Who after threatening evil in

Glowheim (Muspelheim) finally gathered into a formidable army, and fought the

“Last Battle” on the field of Wigred. Muspel is rendered as “World (or Mundane)

Fire”. The conception Dark Surtur (black smoke) out of which flash tongues of

flame, connects Muspel with the Hindu Agni.

 

Mutham or Mattam. (Sk.). Temples in India with cloisters and monasteries for

regular ascetics and scholars.

 

Myalba (Tib.). In the Esoteric philosophy of Northern Buddhism, the name of our

Earth, called Hell for those who reincarnate in it for punishment. Exoterically,

Myalba is translated a Hell.

 

Mystagogy (Gr.). The doctrines or interpretations of the sacred mysteries.

 

Mysterium Magnum (Lat.). “The great Mystery”, a term used in Alchemy in

connection with the fabrication of the “Philosopher’s Stone” and the “ Elixir of

Life”.

 

Mysteries. Greek teletai, or finishings, celebrations of initiation or the

Mysteries. They were observances, generally kept secret from the profane and

uninitiated, in which were taught by dramatic representation and other methods,

the origin of things, the nature of the human spirit, its relation to the body,

and the method of its purification and restoration to higher life. Physical

science, medicine, the laws of music, divination, were all taught in the same

manner. The Hippocratic oath was but a mystic obligation. Hippocrates was a

priest of Asklepios, some of whose writings chanced to become public. But the

Asklepiades were initiates of the Æsculapian serpent-worship, as the Bacchantes

were of the Dionysia; and both rites were eventually incorporated with the

Eleusinia. The Sacred Mysteries were enacted in the ancient Temples by the

initiated Hierophants for the benefit and instruction of the candidates. The

most solemn and occult Mysteries were certainly those which were performed in

Egypt by “the band of secret-keepers”, as Mr. Bonwick calls the Hierophants.

 

Maurice describes their nature very graphically in a few lines. Speaking of the

Mysteries performed in Philæ (the Nile-island), he says that “it was in these

gloomy caverns that the grand and mystic arcana of the goddess (Isis) were

unfolded to the adoring aspirant, while the solemn hymn of initiation resounded

through the long extent of these stony recesses”. The word “mysteries” is

derived from the Greek muô, “to close the mouth”, and every symbol connected

with them had, a hidden meaning. As Plato and many other sages of antiquity

affirm, the Mysteries were highly religious, moral and beneficent as a school of

ethics. The Grecian mysteries, those of


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Ceres and Bacchus, were only imitations of the Egyptian; and the author of

Egyptian Belief and Modern Thought, informs us that our own “word chapel or

capella is said to be the Caph-El or college of El, the Solar divinity”. The

well-known Kabiri are associated with the Mysteries. In short, the Mysteries

were in every country a series of dramatic performances, in which the mysteries

of cosmogony and nature, in general, were personified by the priests and

neophytes, who enacted the part of various gods and goddesses, repeating

supposed scenes (allegories) from their respective lives. These were explained

in their hidden meaning to the candidates for initiation, and incorporated into

philosophical doctrines.

 

Mystery Language. The sacerdotal secret jargon employed by the initiated

priests, and used only when discussing sacred things. Every nation had its own

“mystery” tongue, unknown save to those admitted to the Mysteries.              

   

                                      

Mystes (Gr.). In antiquity, the name of the new Initiates; now that of Roman

Cardinals, who having borrowed all their other rites and dogmas from Aryan,

Egyptian and Hellenic “heathen”, have helped themselves also to the musiz of the

neophytes. They have to keep their eyes and mouth shut on their consecration and

are, therefore, called Mystæ.     

 

Mystica Vannus Iacchi. Commonly translated the mystic Fan: but in an ancient

terra-cotta in the British Museum the fan is a Basket such as the Ancients’

Mysteries displayed with mystic contents: Inman says with emblematic testes.

[w.w.w.]

                                 

N 


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N —The 14th letter in both the English and the Hebrew alphabets. In the latter

tongue the N is called Nun, and signifies a fish. It is the symbol of the female

principle or the womb. Its numerical value is 50 in the Kabalistic system, but

the Peripatetics made it equivalent to 900, and with a stroke over it (900)

9,000. With the Hebrews, however, the final Nun was 700.

 

Naaseni. The Christian Gnostic sect, called Naasenians, or serpent worshippers,

who considered the constellation of the Dragon as the symbol of their Logos or

Christ.

 

Nabatheans. A sect almost identical in their beliefs with the Nazarenes and

Sabeans, who had more reverence for John the Baptist than for Jesus. Maimonides

identifies them with the astrolaters.

“Respecting the beliefs of the Sabeans”, he says, “the most famous is the book,

The agriculture of the Nabatheans”. And we know that the Ebionites, the first of

whom were the friends and relatives of Jesus, according to tradition, in other

words, the earliest and first Christians, “were the direct followers and

disciples of the Nazarene sect”, according to Epiphanius and Theodoret (See the

Contra Ebionites of Epiphanius, and also “Galileans” and “Nazarenes”).

 

Nabhi (Sk.). The father of Bhârata, who gave his name to Bhârata Varsha (land)

or India.

 

Nabia (Heb.). Seership, soothsaying. This oldest and most respected of mystic

phenomena is the name given to prophecy in the Bible, and is correctly included

among the spiritual powers, such as divination, clairvoyant visions,

trance-conditions, and oracles. But while enchanters, diviners, and even

astrologers are strictly condemned in the Mosaic books, prophecy, seership, and

nabia appear as the special gifts of heaven. In early ages they were all termed

Epoptai (Seers), the Greek word for Initiates; they were also designated Nebim,

“the plural of Nebo, the Babylonian god of wisdom.” The Kabalist distinguishes

between the seer and the magician; one is passive, the other active; Nebirah, is

one who looks into futurity and a clairvoyant; Nebi-poel, he who possesses magic

powers. We notice that Elijah and Apollonius resorted to the same means to

isolate themselves from the disturbing influences of the outer world, viz.,

wrapping their heads entirely in a woollen mantle, from its being an electric

non-conductor we must suppose.


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Nabu (Chald.). Nebu or Nebo, generally; the Chaldean god of Secret Wisdom, from

which name the Biblical, Hebrew term Nabiim (prophets) was derived. This son of

Anu and Ishtar was worshipped chiefly at Borsippa; but he had also his temple at

Babylon, above that of Bel, devoted to the seven planets.

(See “ Nazarenes” and “ Nebo”.)

 

Nâga (Sk.). Literally “Serpent”. The name in the Indian Pantheon of the Serpent

or Dragon Spirits, and of the inhabitants of Pâtâla, hell. But as Pâtâla means

the antipodes, and was the name given to America by the ancients, who knew and

visited that continent before Europe had ever heard of it, the term is probably

akin to the Mexican Nagals the (now) sorcerers and medicine men. The Nagas are

the Burmese Nats, serpent-gods, or “dragon demons”. In Esotericism, however, and

as already stated, this is a nick-name for the “wise men” or adepts in China and

Tibet, the “Dragons.” are regarded as the titulary deities of the world, and of

various spots on the earth, and the word is explained as meaning adepts, yogis,

and narjols. The term has simply reference to their great knowledge and wisdom.

This is also proven in the ancient Sûtras and Buddha’s biographies. The Nâga is

ever a wise man, endowed with extraordinary magic powers, in South and Central

America as in India, in Chaldea as also in ancient Egypt. In China the “worship”

of the Nâgas was widespread, and it has become still more pronounced since

Nâgarjuna (the “great Nâga”, the “great adept” literally), the fourteenth

Buddhist patriarch, visited China. The “Nâgas" are regarded by the Celestials as

“the tutelary Spirits or gods of the five regions or the four points of the

compass and the centre, as the guardians of the five lakes and four oceans”

(Eitel). This, traced to its origin and translated esoterically, means that the

five continents and their five root-races had always been under the guardianship

of “terrestrial deities”, i.e., Wise Adepts. The tradition that Nâgas washed

Gautama Buddha at his birth, protected him and guarded the relics of his body

when dead, points again to the Nâgas being only wise men, Arhats, and no

monsters or Dragons. This is also corroborated by the innumerable stories of the

conversion of Nâgas to Buddhism. The Nâga of a lake in a forest near Râjagriha

and many other “Dragons” were thus converted by Buddha to the good Law.

 

Nâgadwîpa (Sk.). Lit., “the island of the Dragons”; one of the Seven Divisions

of Bhâratavarsha, or modern India, according to the Purânas. No proofs remain as

to who were the Nâgas (a historical people however), the favourite theory being

that they were a Scythic race. But there is no proof of this. When the Brahmans

invaded India they “found a race of wise men, half-gods, half-demons”, says the

legend, men who were the teachers of other races and became likewise


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the instructors of the Hindus and the Brahmans themselves. Nagpur is justly

believed to be the surviving relic of Nâgadwîpa. Now Nagpur is virtually in

Râjputana near Oodeypore, Ajmere, etc. And is it not well known that there was a

time when Brahmans went to learn Secret Wisdom from the Râjputs? Moreover a

tradition states that Apollonius of Tyana was instructed in magic by the Nâgas

of Kashmere.

 

Nagal. The title of the chief Sorcerer or “medicine man” of some tribes of

Mexican Indians. These keep always a daimon or god, in the shape of a

serpent—and sometimes some other sacred animal—who is said to inspire them.

 

Nâgarâjas (Sk.). The usual name given to all the supposed “guardian Spirits” of

lakes and rivers, meaning literally “Dragon Kings”. All of these are shown in

the Buddhist chronicles as having been converted to the Buddhist monastic life :

i.e , as becoming Arhats from the Yogis that they were before.

 

Nâgârjuna (Sk.). An Arhat, a hermit (a native of Western India) converted to

Buddhism by Kapimala and the fourteenth Patriarch, and now regarded as a

Bodhisattva-Nirmanakaya. He was famous for his dialectical subtlety in

metaphysical arguments; and was the first teacher of the Amitâbha doctrine and a

representative of the Mahayâna School. Viewed as the greatest philosopher of the

Buddhists, he was referred to as “one of the four suns which illumine the

world”. He was born 223 B.C, and going to China after his conversion converted

in his turn the whole country to Buddhism.

 

Nagkon Wat (Siam.). Imposing ruins in the province of Siamrap (Eastern Siam), if

ruins they may

be called. An abandoned edifice of most gigantic dimensions, which, together

with the great temple of Angkorthâm, are the best preserved relics of the past

in all Asia. After the Pyramids this is the most occult edifice in the whole

world. Of an oblong form, it is 796 feet in length and 588 in width, entirely

built of stone, the roof included, but without cement like the pyramids of

Ghizeh, the stones fitting so closely that the joints are even now hardly

discernible. It has a central pagoda 250 feet in height from the first floor,

and four smaller pagodas at the four corners, about 175 feet each. In the words

of a traveller, (The Land of the White Elephant, Frank Vincent, p. 209) “in

style and beauty of architecture, solidity of construction, and magnificent and

elaborate carving and sculpture, the great Nagkon Wat has no superior, certainly

no rival, standing at the present day.” (See Isis Unv., Vol. I. pp. 561-566.)

 

Nahash (Heb.). “The Deprived”; the Evil one or the Serpent, according to the

Western Kabalists.


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Nahbkoon (Eg)  The god who unites the “doubles”, a mystical term referring to

the human disembodied “principles”.

 

Naimittika (Sk.). Occasional, or incidental; used of one of the four kinds of

Pralayas (See “Pralaya”).

 

Naїn (Scand.). The “Dwarf of Death”.

 

Najo (Hind.). Witch; a sorceress.

 

Nakshatra (Sk.). Lunar asterisms.

 

Namah (Sk.). In Pali Namo. The first word of a daily invocation among Buddhists,

meaning “I humbly trust, or adore, or acknowledge” the Lord; as: “Namo tasso

Bhagavato Arahato” etc., addressed to Lord Buddha. The priests are called

“Masters of Namah”—both Buddhist and Taoist, because this word is used in

liturgy and prayers, in the invocation of the Triratna (q.v.), and with a slight

change in the occult incantations to the Bodhisvattvas and Nirmânakâyas.

 

Nanda (Sk.). One of the Kings of Magadha (whose dynasty was overthrown by

Chandragupta q.v.).

 

Nandi (Sk.). The sacred white bull of Siva and his Vâhan (Vehicle).

 

Nanna (Scand.). The beautiful bride of Baldur, who fought with the blind Hodur

(“ he who rules over darkness ”) and received his death from the latter by magic

art. Baldur is the personification of Day, Hodur of Night, and the lovely Nanna

of Dawn.

 

Nannak (Chald.), also Nanar and Sin. A name of the moon; said to be the son of

Mulil, the older Bel and the Sun, in the later mythology. In the earliest, the

Moon is far older than the Sun.

 

Nara (Sk.). “Man”, the original, eternal man.

 

Nârâ. (Sk.). The waters of Space, or the Great Deep, whence the name of Nârâyana

or Vishnu.

 

Nara Sinha (Sk.). Lit., “Man-lion”; an Avatar of Vishnu.

 

Nârada (Sk.). One of the Seven great Rishis, a Son of Brahmâ This “Progenitor”

is one of the most mysterious personages in the Brahmanical sacred symbology.

Esoterically Nârada is the Ruler of events during various Karmic cycles, and the

personification, in a certain sense, of the great human cycle; a Dhyan Chohan.

He plays a great part in Brahmanism, which ascribes to him some of the most

occult hymns in the Rig Veda, in which sacred work he is described as “of the

Kanwa family”. He is called Deva-Brahmâ, but as such has a distinct character

from the one he assumes on earth—or Pâtâla. Daksha cursed him for his

interference with his 5,000 and 10,000 sons, whom he persuaded to remain Yogins

and celibates, to be reborn time after time on this earth (Mahâbhârata). But

this is an allegory. He was the inventor of the


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Vina, a kind of lute, and a great “lawgiver”. The story is too long to be given

here.

 

Nâraka (Sk.). In the popular conception, a hell, a “prison under earth”. The hot

and cold hells, each eight in number, are simply emblems of the globes of our

septenary chain, with the addition of the “eighth sphere” supposed to be located

in the moon. This is a transparent blind, as these “hells” are called vivifying

hells because, as explained, any being dying in one is immediately born in the

second, then in the third, and so on; life lasting in each 500 years (a blind on

the number of cycles and reincarnations). As these hells constitute one of the

six gâti (conditions of sentient existence), and as people are said to be reborn

in one or the other according to their Karmic merits or demerits, the blind

becomes self-evident. Moreover, these Nârakas are rather purgatories than hells,

since release from each is possible through the prayers and intercessions of

priests for a consideration, just as in the Roman Catholic Church, which seems

to have copied the Chinese-ritualism in this pretty closely. As said before,

esoteric philosophy traces every hell to life on earth, in one or another form

of sentient existence.

 

Nârâyana (Sk.). The “mover on the Waters” of space: a title of Vishnu, in his

aspect of the Holy Spirit, moving on the Waters of Creation. (See Mânu, Book

II.) In esoteric symbology it stands for the primeval manifestation of the

life-principle, spreading in infinite Space.

 

Nargal (Chald.). The Chaldean and Assyrian chiefs of the Magi (Rab Mag).

 

Narjol (Tib.). A Saint; a glorified Adept.

 

Naros or Neros (Heb.). A cycle, which the Orientalists describe as consisting of

600 years. But what years? There were three kinds of Neros : the greater, the

middle and the less. It is the latter cycle only which was of 600 years. (See

“Neros”.)

 

Nâstika (Sk.). Atheist, or rather he who does not worship or recognize the gods

and idols.

 

Nâth (Sk.). A Lord: used of gods and men; a title added to the first name of men

and things as Badrinath (lord of mountains), a famous place of pilgrimage;

 

Gopinath (lord of the shepherdesses), used of Krishna.

 

Nava Nidhi (Sk.). Lit., “the nine Jewels”; a consummation of spiritual

development, in mysticism.

 

Nazar (Heb.). One “set apart”; a temporary monastic class of celibates spoken of

in the Old Testament, who married not, nor did they use wine during the time of

their vow, and who wore their hair long,


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cutting it only at their initiation. Paul must have belonged to this class of

Initiates, for he himself tells the Galatians (i. x5) that he was separated or

“set apart” from the moment of his birth ; and that he had his hair cut at

Cenchrea, because “he had a vow” (Acts xviii.18), i.e., had been initiated as a

Nazar; after which he became a “ master-builder” (i Corinth. iii.10). Joseph is

styled a Nazar (Gen. xlix. 26). Samson and Samuel were also Nazars, and many

more.

 

Nazarenes (Heb.). The same as the St. John Christians; called the Mend or

Sabeans. Those Nazarenes who left Galilee several hundred years ago and settled

in Syria, east of Mount Lebanon, call themselves also Galileans ; though they

designate Christ “a false Messiah” and recognise only St. John the Baptist, whom

they call the “Great Nazar”. The Nabatheans with very little difference adhered

to the same belief as the Nazarenes or the Sabeans. More than this— the

Ebionites, whom Renan shows as numbering among their sect all the surviving

relatives of Jesus, seem to have been followers of the same sect if we have to

believe St. Jerome, who writes: “ I received permission from the Nazaræans who

at Beræa of Syria used this (Gospel of Matthew written in Hebrew) to translate

it.... The Evangel which the Nazarenes and Ebionites use which recently I

translated from Hebrew into Greek.’ (Hieronymus’ Comment. to Matthew, Book II.,

chapter xii., and Hieronymus’ De Viris Illust. cap 3.) Now this supposed Evangel

of Matthew, by whomsoever written, “exhibited matter”, as Jerome complains (bc.

cit.), “not for edification but for destruction”(of Christianity). But the fact

that the Ebionites, the genuine primitive Christians, “rejecting the rest of the

apostolic writings, made use only of this (Matthew’s Hebrew) Gospel”

(Adv. Hær., i. 26) is very suggestive. For, as Epiphanius declares, the

Ebionites firmly believed, with the Nazarenes, that Jesus was but a man “of the

seed of a man” (Epiph. Contra Ebionites). Moreover we know from the Codex of the

Nazarenes, of which the “Evangel according to Matthew” formed a portion, that

these Gnostics, whether Galilean, Nazarene or Gentile, call Jesus, in their

hatred of astrolatry, in their Codex Naboo-Meschiha or “ Mercury”. (See “

Mendæans”). This does not shew much orthodox Christianity either in the

Nazarenes or the Ebionites; but seems to prove on the contrary that the

Christianity of the early centuries and modern Christian theology are two

entirely opposite things.

 

Nebban or Neibban (Chin.). The same as Nirvâna, Nippang  in Tibet.

 

Nebo (Chald.). The same as the Hindu Budha, son of Soma the Moon, and Mercury

the planet.

(See “Nabu”.)

 

Necromancy (Gr.). The raising of the images of the dead, considered


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in antiquity and by modern Occultists as a practice of black magic. Iamblichus,

Porphyry and other Theurgists have deprecated the practice, no less than did

Moses, who condemned the “witches” of his day to death, the said witches being

only Necromancers—as in the case of the Witch of Endor and Samuel.

 

Nehaschim (Kab.). “The serpent’s works.” It is a name given to the Astral Light,

“the great deceiving serpent” (Mâyâ), during certain practical works of magic.

(See Sec. Doc. II. 409.)

 

Neilos (Gr.). The river Nile; also a god.

 

Neith (Eg.). Neithes. The Queen of Heaven; the moon-goddess in Egypt. She is

variously called

Nout, Nepte, Nur. (For symbolism, see “Nout”.)

 

Neocoros (Gr.). With the Greeks the guardian of a Temple.

 

Neophyte (Gr.). A novice; a postulant or candidate for the Mysteries. The

methods of initiation varied. Neophytes had to pass in their trials through all

the four elements, emerging in the fifth as glorified Initiates. Thus having

passed through Fire (Deity), Water (Divine Spirit), Air (the Breath of God), and

the Earth (Matter), they received a sacred mark, a tat and a tau, or a + and a

┬. The latter was the monogram of the Cycle called the Naros, or Neros. As shown

by Dr. E. V. Kenealy, in his Apocalypse, the cross in symbolical language (one

of the seven meanings)“+ exhibits at the same time three primitive letters, of

which the word LVX or Light is compounded. . . . The Initiates were marked with

this sign, when they were admitted into the perfect mysteries. We constantly see

the Tau and the Resh united thus ♀. Those two letters in the old Samaritan, as

found on coins, stand, the first for 400, the second for 200 = 600. This is the

staff of Osiris.” Just so, but this does not prove that the Naros was a cycle of

600 years; but simply that one more pagan symbol had been appropriated by the

Church.

(See “Naros” and “Neros” and also “I. H. S.”)

                                                                                 

                             

Neo-platonism. Lit.,“The new Platonism” or Platonic School. An eclectic

pantheistic school of philosophy founded in Alexandria by Ammonius Saccas, of

which his disciple Plotinus was the head (A.D. 189-270). It sought to reconcile

Platonic teachings and the Aristotelean system with oriental Theosophy. Its

chief occupation was pure spiritual philosophy, metaphysics and mysticism.

Theurgy was introduced towards its later years. It was the ultimate effort of

high intelligences to check the ever-increasing ignorant superstition and blind

faith of the times; the last product of Greek philosophy, which was finally

crushed and put to death by brute force.

 

Nephesh Chia (Kab.). Animal or living Soul.


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Nephesh (Heb.). Breath of life. Anima, Mens, Vita, Appetites. This term is used

very loosely in the Bible. It generally means prana “life”; in the Kabbalah it

is the animal passions and the animal Soul.

[w.w.w.]  Therefore, as maintained in theosophical teachings, Nephesh is the

synonym of the Prâna-Kâmic Principle, or the vital animal Soul in man. [H. P.

B.]

 

Nephilim (Heb.). Giants, Titans, the Fallen Ones.

 

Nephtys (Eg.). The sister of Isis, philosophically only one of her aspects. As

Osiris and Typhon are one under two aspects, so Isis and Nephtys are one and the

same symbol of nature under its dual aspect. Thus, while Isis is the wife of

Osiris, Nephtys is the wife of Typhon, the foe of Osiris and his slayer,

although she weeps for him. She is often represented at the bier of the great

Sun-god, having on her head a disk between the two horns of a crescent. She is

the genius of the lower world, and Anubis, the Egyptian Pluto, is called her

son. Plutarch has given a fair esoteric explanation of the two sisters. Thus he

writes:

Nephtys designs that which is under the earth, and which one sees not (i.e., its

disintegrating and reproducing power), and Isis that which is above earth, and

which is visible (or physical nature). . . . The circle of the horizon which

divides these two hemispheres and which is common to both, is Anubis.” The

identity of the two goddesses is shown in that Isis is also called the mother of

Anubis. Thus the two are the Alpha and Omega of Nature.

 

Nergal (Chald.). On the Assyrian tablets he is described as the “giant king of

war, lord of the city of Cutha”. It is also the Hebrew name for the planet Mars,

associated invariably with ill-luck and danger. Nergal-Mars is the “shedder of

blood”. In occult astrology it is less malefic than Saturn, but is more active

in its associations with men and its influence on them.

 

Neros (Heb.). As shown by the late E. V. Kenealy this “Naronic Cycle” was a

mystery, a true “secret of god”, to disclose which during the prevalence of the

religious mysteries and the authority of the priests, meant death. The learned

author seemed to take it for granted that the Neros was of 600 years duration,

but he was mistaken. (See “Natos”.) Nor were the establishment of the Mysteries

and the rites of Initiation due merely the necessity of perpetuating the

knowledge of the true meaning of the Naros and keeping this cycle secret from

the profane; for the Mysteries are as old as the present human race, and there

were far more important secrets to veil than the figures of any cycle. (See

“Neophyte” and “I. H. S.”, also “Naros”.) The mystery of 666, “the number of the

great heart” so called, is far better represented by the Tau and the Resh than

600.

 
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Nerthus (Old Sax.). The goddess of the earth, of love and beauty with the old

Germans; the same as the Scandinavian Freya or Frigga. Tacitus mentions the

great honours paid to Nerthus when her idol was carried on a car in triumph

through several districts.

 

Neshamah (Heb.). Soul, anima, afflatus. In the Kabbalah, as taught in the

Rosicrucian order, one of the three highest essences of the Human Soul,

corresponding to the Sephira Binah. [w.w.w.]

 

Nesku or Nusku (Chald.). Is described in the Assyrian tablets as the “holder of

the golden sceptre, the lofty god”.

 

Netzach (Heb.). “Victory”. The seventh of the Ten Sephiroth, a masculine active

potency. [w.w.w.]

 

Nidâna (Sk.). The 12 causes of existence, or a chain of causation, “a

concatenation of cause and effect in the whole range of existence through 12

links”. This is the fundamental dogma of Buddhist thought, “the understanding of

which solves the riddle of life, revealing the insanity of existence and

preparing the mind for Nirvâna”. (Eitel’s Sans. Chin. Dict.) The 12 links stand

thus in their enumeration. (1) Jail, or birth, according to one of the four

modes of entering the stream of life and reincarnation—or Chatur Yoni (q.v.),

each mode placing the being born in one of the six Gâti (q.v.). (2) Jarârnarana,

or decrepitude and death, following the maturity of the Skandhas (q.v.). (3) 

Bhava, the Karmic agent which leads every new sentient being to be born in this

or another mode of existence in the Trailokya and Gâti. (4) Upâdâna, the

creative cause of Bhava which thus becomes the cause of Jati which is the

effect; and this creative cause is the clinging to life. ( 5) Trishnâ, love,

whether pure or impure. (6) Vêdâna, or sensation; perception by the senses, it

is the 5th Skandha. (7) Sparsa, the sense of touch. (8) Chadâyatana, the organs

of sensation. (9) Nâmarûpa, personality, i.e., a form with a name to it, the

symbol of the unreality of material phenomenal appearances. (10) Vijnâna, the

perfect knowledge of every perceptible thing and of all objects in their

concatenation and unity. (11) Samskâra, action on the plane of illusion. (12)

Avidyâ, lack of true perception, or ignorance. The Nidânas belonging to the most

subtle and abstruse doctrines of the Eastern metaphysical system, it is

impossible to go into the subject at any greater length.

 

Nidhi (Sk) A treasure. Nine treasures belonging to the god Kuvera—the Vedic

Satan—each treasure being under the guardianship of a demon; these are

personified, and are the objects of worship of the Tantrikas.

 

Nidhogg (Scand.). The “Mundane” Serpent.

 

Nidra (Sk.). Sleep. Also the female form of Brahmâ.


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Nifiheim (Scand.). The cold Hell, in the Edda. A place of eternal

non-consciousness and inactivity. (See Secret Doctrine, Vol. II., p. 245).

 

Night of Brahmâ. The period between the dissolution and the active life of the

Universe which is called in contrast the “Day of Brahmâ”.

 

Nilakantha (Sk.). A name of Siva meaning “ blue throated”. This is said to have

been the result of some poison administered to the god.

 

Nile-God (Eg.). Represented by a wooden image of the river god receiving honours

in gratitude for the bounties its waters afford the country. There was a

“celestial” Nile, called in the Ritual Nen-naou or “primordial waters”; and a

terrestrial Nile, worshipped at Nilopolis and Hapimoo. The latter was

represented as an androgynous being with a beard and breasts, and a fat blue

face ; green limbs and reddish body. At the approach of the yearly inundation,

the image was carried from one place to another in solemn procession.

 

Nimbus (Lat.). The aureole around the heads of the Christ and Saints in Greek

and Romish Churches is of Eastern origin. As every Orientalist knows, Buddha is

described as having his head surrounded with shining glory six cubits in width;

and, as shown by Hardy (Eastern Monachism), “his principal disciples are

represented by the native painters as having a similar mark of eminence”. In

China, Tibet and Japan, the heads of the saints are always surrounded with a

nimbus.

 

Nimitta (Sk.). 1. An interior illumination developed by the practice of

meditation. 2. The efficient spiritual cause, as contrasted with Upadana, the

material cause, in Vedânta philosophy. See also Pradhâna in Sankhya philosophy.

 

Nine. The “Kabbalah of the Nine Chambers” is a form of secret writing in cipher,

which originated with the Hebrew Rabbis, and has been used by several societies

for purposes of concealment notably some grades of the Freemasons have adopted

it. A figure is drawn of two horizontal parallel lines and two vertical parallel

lines across them, this process forms nine chambers, the centre one a simple

square, the others being either two or three sided figures, these are allotted

to the several letters in any order that is agreed upon. There is also a

Kabbalstic attribution of the ten Sephiroth to these nine chambers, but this is

not published. [w.w.w.]

 

Nirguna (Sk.). Negative attribute; unbound, or without Gunas (attributes), i.e.,

that which is devoid of all qualities, the opposite of Saguna, that which has

attributes (Secret Doctrine, II. 95), e.g.,

Parabrahmam is Nirguna; Brahmâ, Saguna. Nirguna is a term which shows the

impersonality of the thing spoken of.


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Nirmânakâya (Sk.). Something entirely different in esoteric philosophy from the

popular meaning attached to it, and from the fancies of the Orientalists. Some

call the Nirmânakâya body “Nirvana with remains” (Schlagintweit, etc.) on the

supposition, probably, that it is a kind of Nirvânic condition during which

consciousness and form are retained. Others say that it is one of the Trikâya

(three bodies), with the “power of assuming any form of appearance in order to

propagate Buddhism” (Eitel’s idea); again, that “it is the incarnate avatâra of

a deity” (ibid.), and so on. Occultism, on the other hand, says:that

Nirmânakâya, although meaning literally a transformed “body”, is a state. The

form is that of the adept or yogi who enters, or chooses, that post mortem

condition in preference to the Dharmakâya or absolute Nirvânic state. He does

this because the latter kâya separates him for ever from the world of form,

conferring upon him a state of selfish bliss, in which no other living being can

participate, the adept being thus precluded from the possibility of helping

humanity, or even devas. As a Nirmânakâya, however, the man leaves behind him

only his physical body, and retains every other “principle” save the Kamic—for

he has crushed this out for ever from his nature, during life, and it can never

resurrect in his post mortem state. Thus, instead of going into selfish bliss,

he chooses a life of self-sacrifice, an existence which ends only with the

life-cycle, in order to be enabled to help mankind in an invisible yet most

effective manner. (See The Voice of the Silence, third treatise, “The Seven

Portals”.) Thus a Nirmânakâya is not, as popularly believed, the body “in which

a Buddha or a Bodhisattva appears on earth”, but verily one, who whether a

Chutuktu or a Khubilkhan, an adept or a yogi during life, has since become a

member of that invisible Host which ever protects and watches over Humanity

within Karmic limits. Mistaken often for a “Spirit”, a Deva, God himself, &c., a

Nirmânakâya is ever a protecting, compassionate, verily a guardian angel, to him

who becomes worthy of his help. Whatever objection may be brought forward

against this doctrine; however much it is denied, because, forsooth, it has

never been hitherto made public in Europe and therefore since it is unknown to

Orientalists, it must needs be “a myth of modern invention”—no one will be bold

enough to say that this idea of helping suffering mankind at the price of one’s

own almost interminable self-sacrifice, is not one of the grandest and noblest

that was ever evolved from human brain.

 

Nirmathya (Sk.). The sacred fire produced by the friction of two pieces of

wood—the “fire” called Pavamâna in the Purânas. The allegory contained therein

is an occult teaching.

 

Nirriti (Sk.). A goddess of Death and Decay.


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Nirukta (Sk.). An anga or limb, a division of the Vedas; a glossarial comment.

 

Nirupadhi (Sk.). Attributeless; the negation of attributes.

 

Nirvâna (Sk.). According to the Orientalists, the entire “blowing out”, like the

flame of a candle, the utter extinction of existence. But in the esoteric

explanations it is the state of absolute existence and

absolute consciousness, into which the Ego of a man who has reached the highest

degree of perfection and holiness during life goes, after the body dies, and

occasionally, as in the case of Gautama Buddha and others, during life. (See

“Nirvânî”.)

 

Nirvânî (Sk.). One who has attained Nirvana—an emancipated soul. That Nirvâna

means nothing of the kind asserted by Orientalists every scholar who has visited

China, India and Japan is well aware. It is “escape from misery” but only from

that of matter, freedom from Klêsha, or Kâma, and the complete extinction of

animal desires. If we are told that Abidharma defines Nirvâna “as a state of

absolute annihilation”, we concur, adding to the last word the qualification “of

everything connected with matter or the physical world”, and this simply because

the latter (as also all in it) is illusion, mâyâ. Sâkya-mûni Buddha said in the

last moments of his life that “the spiritual body is immortal” (See Sans. Chin.

Dict.). As Mr. Eitel, the scholarly Sinologist, explains it: “The popular

exoteric systems agree in defining Nirvâna negatively as a state of absolute

exemption from the circle of transmigration; as a state of entire freedom from

all forms of existence; to begin with, freedom from all passion and exertion; a

state of indifference to all sensibility” and he might have added “death of all

compassion for the world of suffering”. And this is why the Bodhisattvas who

prefer the Nirmânakâya to the Dharmakâya vesture, stand higher in the popular

estimation than the Nirvânîs. But the same scholar adds that: “Positively (and

esoterically) they define Nirvâna as the highest state of spiritual bliss, as

absolute immortality through absorption of the soul (spirit rather) into itself,

but preserving individuality so that, e.g., Buddhas, after entering Nirvâna, may

reappear on earth”—i.e., in the future Manvantara.

 

Nîshada (Sk.). (1) One of the seven qualities of sound—the one and sole

attribute of Akâsa; (2) the seventh note of the Hindu musical scale; (3) an

outcast offspring of a Brahman and a Sudra mother;

(4) a range of mountains south of Meru—north of the Himalayas.

 

Nissi (Chald.) One of the seven Chaldean gods.

 

Nîti (Sk.). Lit., Prudence, ethics.

 

Nitya Parivrita. (Sk.). Lit., continuous extinction.


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Nitya Pralaya (Sk.). Lit., “perpetual” Pralaya or dissolution. It is the

constant and imperceptible changes undergone by the atoms which last as long as

a Mahâmanvantara, a whole age of Brahmâ, which takes fifteen figures to sum up.

A stage of chronic change and dissolution, the stages of growth and decay. It is

the duration of “Seven Eternities”. (See Secret Doctrine I. 371, II. 69, 310.)

There are four kinds of Pralayas, or states of changelessness. The Naimittika,

when Brahmâ slumbers; the Prakritika, a partial Pralaya of anything during

Manvantara; Atyantika, when man has identified himself with the One Absolute

synonym of Nirvâna; and Nitya, for physical things especially, as a state of

profound and dreamless sleep.

 

Nitya Sarga (Sk.). The state of constant creation or evolution, as opposed to

Nitya Pralaya—the state of perpetual incessant dissolution (or change of atoms)

disintegration of molecules, hence change of forms.

 

Nizir (Chald.). The “Deluge Mountain”; the Ararat of the Babylonians with

“Xisuthrus” as Noah.

 

Nixies. The water-sprites; Undines.

 

Niyashes (Mazd.). Parsi prayers.

 

Nofir-hotpoo (Eg.). The same as the god Khonsoo, the lunar god of Thebes. Lit.,

“he who is in absolute rest”. Nofir-hotpoo is one of the three persons of the

Egyptian trinity, composed of Ammon, Mooth, and their son Khonsoo or

Nofir-hotpoo.

 

Nogah (Chald.). Venus, the planet; glittering splendour.

 

Noo (Eg.). Primordial waters of space called “Father-Mother”; the “face of the

deep” of the Bible; for above Noo hovers the Breath of Kneph, who is represented

with the Mundane Egg in his mouth.

 

Noom (Eg.). A celestial sculptor, in the Egyptian legends, who creates a

beautiful girl whom he sends like another Pandora to Batoo (or “man”), whose

happiness is thereafter destroyed. The “sculptor” or artist is the same as

Jehovah, the architect of the world, and the girl is “Eve”.

 

Noon (Eg.). The celestial river which flows in Noot, the cosmic abyss or Noo. As

all the gods have been generated in the river (the Gnostic Pleroma), it is

called “the Father-Mother of the gods”.

 

Noor Ilahee (Arab.). “The light of the Elohim”, literally. This light is

believed by some Mussulmen to be transmitted to mortals “through a hundred

prophet-leaders”. Divine knowledge; the Light of the Secret Wisdom.

 

Noot (Eg.). The heavenly abyss in the Ritual or the Book of the Dead. It is

infinite space personified in the Vedas by Aditi, the goddess who, like Noon

(q.v.) is the “mother of all the gods”.

 
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Norns (Scand.). The three sister goddesses in the Edda, who make known to men

the decrees of Orlog or Fate. They are shown as coming out of the unknown

distances enveloped in a dark veil to the Ash Yggdrasil (q.v.), and “sprinkle it

daily with water from the Fountain of Urd, that it may not wither but remain

green and fresh and strong” (Asgard and the Gods). Their names are “Urd”, the

Past; “Werdandi”, the Present; and “Skuld”, the Future, “which is either rich in

hope or dark with tears”. Thus they reveal the decrees of Fate “for out of the

past and present the events and actions of the future are born” (loc. cit.).

 

Notaricon (Kab.). A division of the practical Kabbalah; treats of the formation

of words from the initials or finals of the words in every sentence; or

conversely it forms a sentence of words whose initials or finals are those of

some word [w.w.w.].

 

Noumenon (Gr.). The true essential nature of being as distinguished from the

illusive objects of sense.

 

Nous. (Gr.). A Platonic term for the Higher Mind or Soul. It means Spirit as

distinct from animal Soul—psyche; divine consciousness or mind in man: Nous was

the designation given to the Supreme deity (third logos) by Anaxagoras. Taken

from Egypt where it was called Nout, it was adopted by the Gnostics for their

first conscious Æon which, with the Occultists, is the third logos, cosmically,

and the third “principle” (from above) or manas, in man. (See “Nout”.)

 

Nout. (Gr.). In the Pantheon of the Egyptians it meant the “One- only-One”,

because they did not proceed in their popular or exoteric religion higher than

the third manifestation which radiates from the Unknown and the Unknowable, the

first unmanifested and the second logoi in the esoteric philosophy of every

nation. The Nous of Anaxagoras was the Mahat of the Hindu Brahmâ, the first

manifested Deity—

“the Mind or Spirit self-potent”; this creative Principle being of course the

primum mobile of everything in the Universe—its Soul and Ideation. (See “Seven

Principles” in man.)

 

Number Nip. An Elf, the mighty King of the Riesengebirge, the most powerful of

the genii in Scandinavian and German folk-lore.

 

Nuns. There were nuns in ancient Egypt as well as in Peru and old Pagan Rome.

They were the “virgin brides” of their respective (Solar) gods. Says Herodotus,

“The brides of Ammon are excluded from all intercourse with men”, they are “the

brides of Heaven”; and virtually they became dead to the world, just as they are

now. In Peru they were “Pure Virgins of the Sun”, and the Pallakists of Ammon-Ra

are referred to in some inscriptions as the “divine spouses”. “The sister of

Oun-nefer, the chief prophet of Osiris, during the reign of Rameses II.,” is

described as “Taia, Lady Abbess of Nuns” (Mariett e Bey).


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Nuntis (Lat.). The “Sun-Wolf”, a name of the planet Mercury. He is the Sun’s

attendant,

Solaris luminis particeps. (See Secret Doct. II. 28.)

 

Nyâya (Sk.). One of the six Darshanas or schools of Philosophy in India; a

system of Hindu logic founded by the Rishi Gautama.

 

Nyima (Tib.). The Sun—astrologically.

 

Nyingpo (Tib.). The same as Alaya, “the World Soul”; also called Tsang.

 

                    

O 


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0.—The fifteenth letter and fourth vowel in the English alphabet. It has no

equivalent in Hebrew, whose alphabet with one exception is vowelless. As a

numeral, it signified with the ancients 11; and with a dash on it 11,000. With

other ancient people also, it was a very sacred letter. In the Dêvanâgari, or

 

the characters of the gods, its significance is varied, but there is no space to

give instances.

 

Oak, sacred. With the Druids the oak was a most holy tree, and so also with the

ancient Greeks, if we can believe Pherecydes and his cosmogony, who tells us of

the sacred oak “in whose luxuriant branches a serpent (i.e., wisdom) dwelleth,

and cannot be dislodged”. Every nation had its own sacred trees, pre-eminently

the Hindus.

 

Oannes. (Gr.). Musarus Oannes, the Annedotus, known in the Chaldean “legends”,

transmitted through Berosus and other ancient writers, as Dag or Dagon, the

“man-fish”. Oannes came to the early Babylonians as a reformer and an

instructor. Appearing from the Erythræan Sea, he brought to them civilisation,

letters and sciences, law, astronomy and religion, teaching them agriculture,

geometry and the arts in general. There were Annedoti who came after him, five

in number (our race being the fifth )—“all like Oannes inform and teaching the

same”; but Musarus Oannes was the first to appear, and this he did during the

reign of Ammenon, the third of the ten antediluvian Kings whose dynasty ended

with Xisuthrus, the Chaldean Noah (See “Xisuthrus”). Oannes was “an animal

endowed with reason whose body was that of a fish, but who had a human head

under the fish’s with feet also below, similar to those of a man, subjoined to

the fish’s tail, and whose voice and language too were articulate and human”

(Polyhistor and Apollodorus). This gives the key to the allegory. It points out

Oannes, as a man and a “priest”, an Initiate. Layard showed long ago (See

Nineveh) that the “fish’s head” was simply a head gear, the mitre worn by

priests and gods, made in the form of a fish’s head, and which in a very little

modified form is what we see even now on the heads of high Lamas and Romish

Bishops. Osiris had such a mitre. The fish’s tail is simply the train of a long

stiff mantle as depicted on some Assyrian tablets, the form being seen

reproduced in the sacerdotal gold cloth garment worn during service by the

modern Greek priests. This allegory of Oannes, the Annedotus, reminds us of the

“Dragon” and


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“Snake-Kings “; the Nâgas who in Buddhist legends instruct people in wisdom on

lakes and rivers, and end by becoming converts to the good Law and Arhats. The

meaning is evident. The “ fish” is an old and very suggestive symbol in the

Mystery-language, as is also “water”. Ea or Hea was the god of the sea and

Wisdom, and the sea serpent was one of his emblems, his priests being “serpents

“ or Initiates. Thus one sees why Occultism places Oannes and the other Annedoti

in the group of those ancient “adepts” who were called “marine” or “water

dragons”—Nâgas. Water typified their human origin (as it is a symbol of earth

and matter and also of purification), in distinction to the “fire Nâgas” or the

immaterial, Spiritual Beings, whether celestial Bodhisattvas or Planetary

Dhyânis, also regarded as the instructors of mankind. The hidden meaning becomes

clear to the Occultist, once he is told that “this being (Oannes) was accustomed

to pass the day among men, teaching; and when the Sun had set, he retired again

into the sea, passing the night in the deep, “for he was amphibious”, i.e., he

belonged to two planes: the spiritual and the physical. For the Greek word

amphibios means simply “life on two planes”, from amphi, “on both sides”, and

bios, “life”. The word was often applied in antiquity to those men who, though

still wearing a human form, had made themselves almost divine through knowledge,

and lived as much in the spiritual supersensuous regions as on earth. Oannes is

dimly reflected in Jonah, and even in John, the Precursor, both connected with

Fish and Water.

 

Ob (Heb.). The astral light-—or rather, its pernicious evil currents— was

personified by the Jews as a Spirit, the Spirit of Ob. With them, any one who

dealt with spirits and necromancy was said to be possessed by the Spirit of Ob.

 

Obeah. Sorcerers and sorceresses of Africa and the West Indies. A sect of black

magicians, snake-charmers, enchanters, &c.

 

Occult Sciences. The science of the secrets of nature—physical and psychic,

mental and spiritual; called Hermetic and Esoteric Sciences. In the West, the

Kabbalah may be named; in the East, mysticism, magic, and Yoga philosophy, which

latter is often referred to by the Chelas in India as the seventh “Darshana”

(school of philosophy), there being only six Darshanas in India known to the

world of the profane. These sciences are, and have been for ages, hidden from

the vulgar for the very good reason that they would never be appreciated by the

selfish educated classes, nor understood by the uneducated; whilst the former

might misuse them for their own profit, and thus turn the divine science into

black magic. It is often brought forward as an accusation against the Esoteric

philosophy and the Kabbalah that their literature is full of “a

 
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barbarous and meaningless jargon” unintelligible to the ordinary mind. But do

not exact Sciences—medicine, physiology, chemistry, and the rest—do the same? Do

not official Scientists equally veil their facts and discoveries with a newly

coined and most barbarous Græco-Latin terminology? As justly remarked by our

late brother, Kenneth Mackenzie—“To juggle thus with words, when the facts are

so simple, is the art of the Scientists of the present time, in striking

contrast to those of the XVIIth century, who called spades spades, and not

‘agricultural implements ‘.“ Moreover, whilst their facts would be as simple and

as comprehensible if rendered in ordinary language, the facts of Occult Science

are of so abstruse a nature, that in most cases no words exist in European

languages to express them; in addition to which our “jargon” is a double

necessity—(a) for the purpose of describing clearly these facts to him who is

versed in the Occult terminology; and (b) to conceal them from the profane.

 

Occultist. One who studies the various branches of occult science. The term is

used by the French Kabbalists (See Eliphas Lévi’s works). Occultism embraces the

whole range of psychological, physiological, cosmical, physical, and spiritual

phenomena. From the word occultus hidden or secret. It therefore applies to the

study of the Kabbalah, astrology, alchemy, and all arcane sciences.

 

Od (Gr.). From odos, “passage”, or passing of that force which is developed by

various minor forces or agencies such as magnets, chemical or vital action,

heat, light, &c. It is also called “odic” and “odylic force”, and was regarded

by Reichenbach and his followers as an independent entitative force—which it

certainly is—stored in man as it is in Nature.

 

Odacon. The fifth Annedotus, or Dagon (See “Oannes”) who appeared during the

reign of Euedoreschus from Pentebiblon, also “from the Erythræan Sea like the

former, having the same complicated form between a fish and a man” (Apollodorus,

Cory p. 30).

 

Odem or Adm (Heb.). A stone (the cornelian) on the breast-plate of the Jewish

High Priest. It is of red colour and possesses a great medicinal power.

 

Odin (Scand.). The god of battles, the old German Sabbaoth, the same as the

Scandinavian Wodan. He is the great hero in the Edda and one of the creators of

man. Roman antiquity regarded him as one with Hermes or Mercury (Budha), and

modern Orientalism (Sir W. Jones) accordingly confused him with Buddha. In the

Pantheon of the Norse men, he is the “father of the gods” and divine wisdom, and

as such he is of course Hermes or the creative wisdom. Odin or Wodan in creating


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the first man from trees—the Ask (ash) and Embla (the alder)_ endowed them with

life and soul, Honir with intellect, and Lodur with form and colour.

 

 

Odur (Scand.). The human husband of the goddess Freya, a scion of divine

ancestry in the Northern mythology.

 

Oeaihu, or Oeaihwu. The manner of pronunciation depends on the accent. This is

an esoteric term for the six in one or the mystic seven. The occult name for the

“seven vowelled” ever-present manifestation of the Universal Principle.

 

Ogdoad (Gr.). The tetrad or “quaternary” reflecting itself produced the ogdoad,

the “eight”, according to the Marcosian Gnostics. The eight great gods were

called the “sacred Ogdoad”.

 

Ogham (Celtic). A mystery language belonging to the early Celtic races, and used

by the Druids. One form of this language consisted in the association of the

leaves of certain trees with the letters, this was called Beth-luis-nion Ogham,

and to form words and sentences the leaves were strung on a cord in the proper

order. Godfrey Higgins suggests that to complete the mystification certain other

leaves which meant nothing were interspersed. [w.w.w.]

 

Ogir or Hler (Scand). A chief of the giants in the Edda and the ally of the

gods. The highest of the Water-gods, and the same as the Greek Okeanos.

 

Ogmius. The god of wisdom and eloquence of the Druids, hence Hermes in a sense.

 

Ogygia (Gr.). An ancient submerged island known as the isle of Calypso, and

identified by some

with Atlantis. This is in a certain sense correct. But then what portion of

Atlantis, since the latter

was a continent rather than an “enormous” island!

 

Oitzoe (Pers.). The invisible goddess whose voice spoke through the rocks, and

whom, according to Pliny, the Magi had to consult for the election of their

kings.

 

Okhal (Arab.). The “High”priest of the Druzes, an Initiator into their

mysteries.

 

Okhema (Gr.). A Platonic term meaning “vehicle” or body.

 

Okuthor (Scand.). The same as Thor, the “thunder god”.

 

Olympus (Gr.). A mount in Greece, the abode of the gods according to Homer and

Hesiod.

 

Om or Aum (Sk.). A mystic syllable, the most solemn of all words in India. It is

“an invocation, a benediction, an affirmation and a promise and it is so sacred,

as to be indeed the word at low breath of occult, primitive masonry. No one must

be near when the syllable is


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pronounced for a purpose. This word is usually placed at the beginning of sacred

Scriptures, and is prefixed to prayers. It is a compound of three letters a,u,m,

which, in the popular belief, are typical of the three Vedas, also of three

gods—A (Agni) V (Varuna) and M (Maruts) or Fire, Water and Air. In esoteric

philosophy these are the three sacred fires, or the “triple fire”in the Universe

and Man, besides many other things. Occultly, this “triple fire” represents the

highest Tetraktys also, as it is typified by the Agni named Abhimânin and his

transformation into his three sons, Pâvana, Pavamâna and Suchi, “who drinks up

water”, i.e., destroys material desires. This monosyllable is called Udgîtta,

and is sacred with both Brahmins and Buddhists.

 

Omito-Fo (Chin.). The name of Amita-Buddha, in China.

 

Omkâra (Sk.). The same as Aum or Om. It is also the name of one of the twelve

lingams, that was represented by a secret and most sacred shrine at Ujjain—no

longer existing, since the time of Buddhism.

 

Omoroka (Chald.). The “sea” and the woman who personifies it according to

Berosus, or rather of Apollodorus. As the divine water, however, Omoroka is the

reflection of Wisdom from on high.

 

Onech (Heb.). The Phœnix so named after Enoch or Phenoch. For Enoch (also

Khenoch) means literally the initiator and instructor, hence the Hierophant who

reveals the last mystery. The bird Phœnix is always associated with a tree, the

mystical Ababel of the Koran, the Tree of Initiation or of knowledge.

 

Onnofre or Oun-nofre (Eg.). The King of the land of the Dead, the Underworld,

and in this capacity the same as Osiris, “who resides in Amenti at Oun-nefer,

king of eternity, great god manifested in the celestial abyss”. (A hymn of the

XIXth dynasty.) (See also “Osiris”.)

 

Ophanim (Heb.). More correctly written Auphanim. The “wheels” seen by Ezekiel

and by John in the Revelation—world.spheres (Secret Doctrine I., 92.) The symbol

of the Cherubs or Karoubs (the Assyrian Sphinxes). As these beings are

represented in the Zodiac by Taurus, Leo, Scorpio and Aquarius, or the Bull, the

Lion, the Eagle and Man, the occult meaning of these creatures being placed in

company of the four Evangelists becomes evident. In the Kabbalah they are a

group of beings allotted to the Sephira Chokmah, Wisdom.

 

Ophis (Gr.). The same as Chnuphis or Kneph, the Logos; the good serpent or

Agathodæmon.

 

Ophiomorphos (Gr.). The same, but in its material aspect, as the Ophis-Christos.

With the Gnostics the Serpent represented “Wisdom in Eternity”.

 

Ophis-Christos (Gr.). The serpent Christ of the Gnostics.


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Ophiozenes (Gr.). The name of the Cypriote charmers of venomous serpents and

other reptiles and animals.

 

Ophites (Gr.). A Gnostic Fraternity in Egypt, and one of the earliest sects of

Gnosticism, or Gnosis (Wisdom, Knowledge), known as the “Brotherhood of the

Serpent”. It flourished early in the second century, and while holding some of

the principles of Valentinus had its own occult rites and symbology. A living

serpent, representing the Christos-principle (i.e., the divine reincarnating

Monad, not Jesus the man), was displayed in their mysteries and reverenced as a

symbol of wisdom, Sophia, the type of the all-good and all-wise. The Gnostics

were not a Christian sect, in the common acceptation of this term, as the

Christos of pre-Christian thought and the Gnosis was not the “god-man” Christ,

but the divine EGO, made one with Buddhi. Their Christos was the “Eternal

Initiate”, the Pilgrim, typified by hundreds of Ophidian symbols for several

thousands of years before the “ Christian” era, so- called. One can see it on

the “Belzoni tomb” from Egypt, as a winged serpent with three heads

(Atma-Buddhi-Manas), and four human legs, typifying its androgynous character;

on the walls of the descent to the sepulchral chambers of Rameses V., it is

found as a snake with vulture’s wings—the vulture and hawk being solar symbols.

“The heavens are scribbled over with interminable snakes ‘ writes Herschel of

the Egyptian chart of stars. “The Meissi (Messiah?) meaning the Sacred Word, was

a good serpent”, writes Bonwick in his Egyptian Belief. “This serpent of

goodness, with its head crowned, was mounted upon a cross and formed a sacred

standard of Egypt.” The Jews borrowed it in their “brazen serpent of Moses”. It

is to this “Healer” and “Saviour”, therefore, that the Ophites referred, and not

to Jesus or his words, “As Moses lifted up the serpent in the desert, so it

behoves the Son of Man to be lifted up”—when explaining the meaning of their

ophis. Tertullian, whether wittingly or unwittingly, mixed up the two. The

four-winged serpent is the god Chnuphis. The good serpent bore the cross of life

around its neck, or suspended from its mouth. The winged serpents become the

Seraphim (Seraph, Saraph) of the Jews. In the 87th chapter of the Ritual

(the Book of the Dead) the human soul transformed into Bata, the omniscient

serpents says :—“ I am the serpent Ba-ta, of long years, Soul of the Soul, laid

out and born daily; I am the Soul that descends on the earth”, i.e., the Ego.

 

Orai (Gr.). The name of the angel-ruler of Venus, according to the Egyptian

Gnostics.

 

Orcus (Gr.). The bottomless pit in the Codex of the Nazarenes.

 

Örgelmir (Scand.). Lit., “seething clay”. The same as Ymir, the giant, the

unruly, turbulent, erratic being, the type of primordial matter,


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out of whose body, after killing him, the sons of Bör created a new earth. He is

also the cause of the Deluge in the Scandinavian Lays, for he flung his body

into Ginnungagap, the yawning abyss; the latter being filled with it, the blood

flowed over and produced a great flood in which all the Hrimthurses, the frost

giants, were drowned; one of them only the cunning Bergelmir saves himself and

wife in a boat and became the father of a new race of giants. “ And there were

giants on the earth in those days.”

 

Orion (Gr.). The same as Atlas, who supports the world on his shoulders.

 

Orlog (Scand.). Fate, destiny, whose agents were the three Norns, the Norse

Parcæ.

 

Ormazd or Ahura Mazda (Zend). The god of the Zoroastrians or the modern Parsis.

He is symbolized by the sun, as being the Light of Lights. Esoterically, he is

the synthesis of his six Amshaspends or Elohim, and the creative Logos. In the

Mazdean exoteric system, Ahura Mazda is the supreme god, and one with the

supreme god of the Vedic age—Varuna, if we read the Vedas literally.

 

Orpheus (Gr.). Lit., the “tawny one”. Mythology makes him the son of Æager and

the muse Calliope. Esoteric tradition identifies him with Arjuna, the son of

Indra and the disciple of Krishna. He went round the world teaching the nations

wisdom and sciences, and establishing mysteries. The very story of his losing

his Eurydice and finding her in the underworld or Hades, is another point of

resemblance with the story of Arjuna, who goes to Pâtàla (Hades or hell, but in

reality the Antipodes or America) and finds there and marries Ulupi, the

daughter of the Nâga king. This is as suggestive as the fact that he was

considered dark in complexion even by the Greeks, who were never very

fair-skinned themselves.

 

Orphic Mysteries or Orphica (Gr.). These followed, but differed greatly from,

the mysteries of Bacchus. The system of Orpheus is one of the purest morality

and of severe asceticism. The theology taught by him is again purely Indian.

With him the divine Essence is inseparable from whatever is in the infinite

universe, all forms being concealed from all eternity in It. At determined

periods these forms are manifested from the divine Essence or manifest

themselves. Thus through this law of emanation (or evolution) all things

participate in this Essence, and are parts and members instinct with divine

nature, which is omnipresent. All things having proceeded from, must necessarily

return into it; and therefore, innumerable transmigrations or reincarnations and

purifications are needed before this final consummation can take place. This is

pure Vedânta philosophy. Again, the Orphic Brotherhood ate no


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animal food and wore white linen garments, and had many ceremonies like those of

the Brahmans.

 

Oshadi Prastha (Sk.). Lit., “the place of medicinal herbs”. A mysterious city in

the Himalayas mentioned even from the Vedic period. Tradition shows it as once

inhabited by sages, great adepts in the healing art, who used only herbs and

plants, as did the ancient Chaldees. The city is mentioned in the Kumâra

Sambhava of Kalidasa.

 

Osiris. (Eg.). The greatest God of Egypt, the Son of Seb (Saturn), celestial

fire, and of Neith, primordial matter and infinite space. This shows him as the

self-existent and self-created god, the first manifesting deity (our third

Logos), identical with Ahura Mazda and other “ First Causes”. For as Ahura Mazda

is

one with, or the synthesis of, the Amshaspends, so Osiris, the collective unit,

when differentiated and

personified, becomes Typhon, his brother, Isis and Nephtys his sisters, Horus

his son and his other aspects. He was born at Mount Sinai, the Nyssa of the 0.

T. (See- Exodus xvii. 15), and buried at Abydos, after being killed by Typhon at

the early age of twenty-eight, according to the allegory. According to Euripides

he is the same as Zeus and Dionysos or Dio-Nysos “the god of Nysa”, for Osiris

is said by him to have been brought up in Nysa, in Arabia “the Happy”. Query:

how much did the latter tradition influence, or have anything in common with,

the statement in the Bible, that “Moses built an altar and called the name

Jehovah Nissi”, or Kabbalistically—“Dio-Iao-Nyssi”? (See Isis Unveiled Vol. II.

p. 165.) The four chief aspects of Osiris were—Osiris-Phtah (Light), the

spiritual aspect; Osiris-Horus (Mind), the intellectual manasic aspect;

Osiris-Lunus, the “ Lunar” or psychic, astral aspect; Osiris-Typhon, Daїmonic,

or physical, material, therefore passional turbulent aspect. In these four

aspects he symbolizes the dual Ego— the divine and the human, the

cosmico-spiritual and the terrestrial.

Of the many supreme gods, this Egyptian conception is the most suggestive and

the grandest, as it embraces the whole range of physical and metaphysical

thought. As a solar deity he had twelve minor gods under him—the twelve signs of

the Zodiac. Though his name is the “Ineffable”, his forty-two attributes bore

each one of his names, and his seven dual aspects completed the forty-nine, or 7

X 7; the former symbolized by the fourteen members of his body, or twice seven.

Thus the god is blended in man, and the man is deified into a god. He was

addressed as Osiris-Eloh. Mr. Dunbar T. Heath speaks of a Phœnician inscription

which, when read, yielded the following tumular inscription in honour of the

mummy: “Blessed be Ta-Bai, daughter of Ta-Hapi, priest of Osiris-Eloh. She did

nothing against anyone in anger. She spoke no falsehood against any one.

Justified before


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Osiris, blessed be thou from before Osiris! Peace be to thee.” And then he adds

the following remarks:

“The author of this inscription ought, I suppose, to be called a heathen, as

justification before Osiris is the object of his religious aspirations. We find,

however, that he gives to Osiris the appellation Eloh. Eloh is the name used by

the Ten Tribes of Israel for the Elohim of Two Tribes. Jehovah-Eloh (Gen. iii.

21.) in the version used by Ephraim corresponds to Jehovah Elohim in that used

by Judah and ourselves. This being so, the question is sure to be asked, and

ought to be humbly answered—What was the meaning meant to be conveyed by the two

phrases respectively, Osiris-Eloh and Jehovah-Eloh? For my part I can imagine

but one answer, viz., that Osiris was the national God of Egypt, Jehovah that of

Israel, and that Eloh is equivalent to Deus, Gott or Dieu”. As to his human

development, he is, as the author of the Egyptian Belief has it . . . “One of

the Saviours or Deliverers of Humanity . . . . As such he is born in the world.

He came as a benefactor, to relieve man of trouble . . . . In his efforts to do

good he encounters evil . . . and he is temporarily overcome. He is killed . .

Osiris is buried. His tomb was the object of pilgrimage for thousands of years.

But he did not rest in his grave. At the end of three days, or forty, he rose

again and ascended to Heaven. This is the story of his Humanity” (Egypt.

Belief). And Mariette Bey, speaking of the Sixth Dynasty, tells us that “the

name of Osiris . . commences to be more used. The formula of Justified is met

with”: and adds that “it proves that this name (of the Justified or Makheru was

not given to the dead only”. But it also proves that the legend of Christ was

found ready in almost all its details thousands of years before the Christian

era, and that the Church fathers had no greater difficulty than to simply apply

it to a new personage.

 

Ossa. (Gr.) A mount, the tomb of the giants (allegorical).

 

Otz-Chiim. (Heb.). The Tree of Life, or rather of Lives, a name given to the Ten

Sephiroth when arranged in a diagram of three columns. [w.w.w.]

 

Oulam, or Oulom (Heb.). This word does not mean “eternity” or infinite duration,

as translated in the texts, but simply an extended time, neither the beginning

nor the end of which can be known.

 

Ouranos (Gr.). The whole expanse of Heaven called the “Waters of Space”, the

Celestial Ocean, etc.

The name very likely comes from the Vedic Varuna, personified as the water god

and regarded as the chief Aditya among the seven planetary deities. In Hesiod’s

Theogony, Ouranos (or Uranus) is the same

as Cœlus (Heaven) the oldest of all the gods and the father of the divine

Titans.

 

            

P 


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P.—The 16th letter in both the Greek and the English alphabets, and the 17th in

the Hebrew, where it is called pé or pay, and is symbolized by the mouth,

corresponding also, as in the Greek alphabet, to number 80. The Pythagoreans

also made it equivalent to 100, and with a dash thus ( P) it stood for 400,000.

The Kabbalists associated with it the sacred name of Phodeh (Redeemer), though

no valid reason is given for it.

 

P and Cross, called generally the Labarum of Constantine. It was, however, one

of the oldest emblems in Etruria before the Roman Empire. It was also the sign

of Osiris. Both the long Latin and the Greek pectoral crosses are Egyptian, the

former being very often seen in the hand of Horus. “The cross and Calvary so

common in Europe, occurs on the breasts of mummies” (Bonwick).

 

Pachacamac (Peruv.). The name given by the Peruvians to the Creator of the

Universe, represented as a host of creators. On his altar only the first-fruits

and flowers were laid by the pious.

 

Pacis Bull. The divine Bull of Hermonthes, sacred to Amoun-Horus, the Bull Netos

of Heliopolis being sacred to Amoun-Ra.

 

Padârthas (Sk.). Predicates of existing things; so-called in the Vaiseshika or

“atomic” system of philosophy founded by Kanâda. This school is one of the six

Darshanas.

 

Padmâ (Sk.). The Lotus; a name of Lakshmi, the Hindu Venus, who is the wife or

the female aspect, of Vishnu.

 

Padma Âsana (Sk.). A posture prescribed to and practised by some Yogis for

developing concentration.

 

Padma Kalpa (Sk.). The name of the last Kalpa or the preceding Manvantara, which

was a year of Brahmâ.

 

Padma Yoni (Sk). A title of Brahmâ (also called Abjayoni), or the “lotus-born”.

 

Pæan (Gr.). A hymn of rejoicing and praise in honour of the sun-god Apollo or

Helios.

 

Pagan (Lat.). Meaning at first no worse than a dweller in the country or the

woods; one far removed from the city-temples, and therefore unacquainted with

the state religion and ceremonies. The word “heathen” has a similar

significance, meaning one who lives on the heaths and in the country. Now,

however, both come to mean idolaters.


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Pagan Gods. The term is erroneously understood to mean idols. The philosophical

idea attached to them was never that of something objective or anthropomorphic,

but in each case an abstract potency, a virtue, or quality in nature. There are

gods who are divine planetary spirits (Dhyan Chohans) or Devas, among which are

also our Egos. With this exception, and especially whenever represented by an

 

idol or in anthropomorphic form, the gods represent symbolically in the Hindu,

Egyptian, or Chaldean Pantheons—formless spiritual Potencies of the “Unseen

Kosmos”.

 

Pahans (Prakrit) Village priests.

 

Paksham (Sk.). An astronomical calculation; one half of the lunar month or 14

days; two paksham (or paccham) making a month of mortals, but only a day of the

Pitar devata or the “father-gods”.

 

Palæolithic A newly-coined term meaning in geology “ancient stone” age, as a

contrast to the term neolithic, the “newer” or later stone age.

 

Palâsa Tree (Sk.) Called also Kanaka (butea frondosa) a tree with red flowers of

very occult properties.

 

Pâli. The ancient language of Magadha, one that preceded the more refined

Sanskrit. The Buddhist Scriptures are all written in this language.

 

Palingenesis (Gr.). Transformation; or new birth.

 

Pan (Gr.). The nature-god, whence Pantheism; the god of shepherds, huntsmen,

peasants, and dwellers on the land. Homer makes him the son of Hermes and

Dryope. His name means ALL. He was the inventor of the Pandæan pipes; and no

nymph who heard their sound could resist the fascination of the great Pan, his

grotesque figure not withstanding. Pan is related to the Mendesian goat, only so

far as the latter represents, as a talisman of great occult potency, nature’s

creative force. The whole of the Hermetic philosophy is based on nature’s hidden

secrets, and as Baphomet was undeniably a Kabbalistic talisman, so was the name

of Pan of great magic efficiency in what Eliphas Lévi would call the “

Conjuration of the Elementals”. There is a well-known pious legend which has

been current in the Christian world ever since the day of Tiberias, to the

effect that the “great Pan is dead”. But people are greatly mistaken in this;

neither nature nor any of her Forces can ever die. A few of these may be left

unused, and being forgotten lie dormant for long centuries. But no sooner are

the proper conditions furnished than they awake, to act again with tenfold

power.

 

Panænus(Gr.). A Platonic philosopher in the Alexandrian school of Philaletheans.


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Pancha Kosha (Sk.). The five “sheaths”. According to Vedantin philosophy,

Vijnânamaya Kosha, the fourth sheath, is composed of Buddhi, or is Buddhi. The

five sheaths are said to belong to the two higher principles—Jivâtma and Sâkshi,

which represent the Upathita and An-upahita, divine spirit respectively. The

division in the esoteric teaching differs from this, as it divides man’s

physical-metaphysical aspect into seven principles.

 

Pancha Krishtaya (Sk.). The five races.

 

Panchakâma (Sk.). Five methods of sensuousness and sensuality.

 

Panchakritam (Sk.). An element combined with small portions of the other four

elements.

 

Panchama (Sk.). One of the five qualities of musical sound, the fifth, Nishâda

and Daivata completing the seven; G of the diatonic scale.

 

Panchânana (Sk.). “Five-faced”, a title of Siva; an allusion to the five races

(since the beginning of the first) which he represents, as the ever

reincarnating Kumâra throughout the Manvantara. In the sixth root-race he will

be called the “six-faced”.

 

Panchâsikha (Sk.). One of the seven Kumâras who went to pay worship to Vishnu on

the island of Swetadwipa in the allegory.

 

Panchen Rimboche (Tib.). Lit., “the great Ocean, or Teacher of Wisdom”. The

title of the Teshu Lama at Tchigadze; an incarnation of Amitabha the celestial

“father” of Chenresi, which means to say that he is an Avatar of Tson-kha-pa

(See “Sonkhapa”). De jure the Teshu Lama is second after the Dalaї Lama; de

facto, he is higher, since it is Dharma Richen, the successor of Tson-kha-pa at

the golden monastery founded by the latter Reformer and established by the

Gelukpa sect (yellow caps) who created the Dalaї Lamas at Llhassa, and was the

first of the dynasty of the “ Panchen Rimboche”. While the former (Dalaї Lama

are addressed as “ Jewel of Majesty”, the latter enjoy a far higher title,

namely “Jewel of Wisdom”, as they are high Initiates.

 

Pândavâranî (Sk.). Lit., the “Pandava Queen”; Kunti, the mother of the Pandavas.

(All these are highly important personified symbols in esoteric philosophy.)

 

Pandavas (Sk.). The descendants of Pandu.

 

Pandora (Gr.). A beautiful woman created by the gods under the orders of Zeus to

be sent to Epimetheus, brother of Prometheus; she had charge of a casket in

which all the evils, passions and plagues which torment humanity were locked up.

This casket Pandora, led by curiosity, opened, and

thus set free all the ills which prey on mankind.


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Pandu (Sk.). “The Pale”, literally; the father of the Pandavas Princes, the foes

of the Kurava in the Mahâbhârata.

 

Pânini (Sk.). A celebrated grammarian, author of the famous work called

Pâninîyama; a Rishi, supposed to have received his work from the god Siva.

Ignorant of the epoch at which he lived, the Orientalists place his date between

600 B.C. and 300 A.D.

 

Pantacle (Gr.). The same as Pentalpha; the triple triangle of Pythagoras or the

five-pointed star. It was given the name because it reproduces the letter A

(alpha) on the five sides of it or in five different positions—its number,

moreover, being composed of the first odd ( and the first even (2) numbers. It

is very occult. In Occultism and the Kabala it stands for man or the Microcosm,

the “Heavenly Man”, and as such it was a powerful talisman for keeping at bay

evil spirits or the Elementals. In Christian theology it refers to the five

wounds of Christ; its interpreters failing, however, to add that these “five

wounds” were themselves symbolical of the Microcosm, or the “Little Universe”,

or again, Humanity, this symbol pointing out the fall of pure Spirit (Christos)

into matter (Iassous, “life”, or man). In esoteric philosophy the Pentalpha, or

five-pointed star, is the symbol of the EGO or the Higher Manas. Masons use it,

referring to it as the five-pointed star, and connecting it with their own

fanciful interpretation.

(See the word “Pentacle” for its difference in meaning from “Pantacle”.)

 

Pantheist. One who identifies God with Nature and vice versa. Pantheism is often

objected to by people and regarded as reprehensible. But how can a philosopher

regard Deity as infinite, omnipresent and eternal unless Nature is an aspect of

IT, and IT informs every atom in Nature?

 

Panther (Heb.). According to the Sepher Toldosh Jeshu, one of the so-called

Apocryphal Jewish Gospels, Jesus was the son of Joseph Panther and Mary, hence

Ben Panther. Tradition makes of Panther a Roman soldier. [w.w.w.]

 

Pâpa-purusha (Sk.). Lit., “Man of Sin”: the personification in a human form of

every wickedness and sin. Esoterically, one who is reborn, or reincarnated from

 

the state of Avitchi—hence, “Soulless”.

 

Para (Sk.). “Infinite” and “supreme” in philosophy—the final limit. Param is the

end and goal of existence; Parâpara is the boundary of boundaries.

 

Parabrahm (Sk.). “Beyond Brahmâ”, literally. The Supreme Infinite Brahma,

“Absolute”—the attributeless, the secondless reality. The impersonal and

nameless universal Principle.

 

Paracelsus. The symbolical name adopted by the greatest Occultist


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of the middle ages—Philip Bombastes Aureolus Theophrastus von Hohenheim—born in

the canton of Zurich in 1493. He was the cleverest physician of his age, and the

most renowned for curing almost any illness by the power of talismans prepared

by himself. He never had a friend, but was surrounded by enemies, the most

bitter of whom were the Churchmen and their party. That he was accused of being

in league with the devil stands to reason, nor is it to be wondered at that

finally he was murdered by some unknown foe, at the early age of forty-eight. He

died at Salzburg, leaving a number of works behind him, which are to this day

greatly valued by the Kabbalists and Occultists. Many of his utterances have

proved prophetic. He was a clairvoyant of great powers, one of the most learned

and erudite philosophers and mystics, and a distinguished Alchemist. Physics is

indebted to him for the discovery of nitrogen gas, or Azote.

 

Paradha (Sk.). The period of one-half the Age of Brahmâ.

 

Parama (Sk.). The “one Supreme”.

 

Paramapadâtmava (Sk.). Beyond the condition of Spirit, “supremer” than Spirit,

bordering on the Absolute.

 

Paramapadha (Sk.). The place where—according to Visishtadwaita Vedantins—bliss

is enjoyed by those who reach Moksha (Bliss). This “place” is not material but

made, says the Catechism of that sect,

“of Suddhasatwa, the essence of which the body of Iswara”, the lord, “is made”.

 

Paramapaha (Sk) A state which is already a conditioned existence.

 

Paramartha (Sk) Absolute existence.

 

Pâramârthika (Sk.). The one true state of existence according to Vedânta.

 

Paramarshis (Sk.). Composed of two words: parama, “supreme”, and Rishis,

or supreme Rishis—Saints.

 

Paramâtman (Sk.). The Supreme Soul of the Universe.

 

Paranellatons. In ancient Astronomy the name was applied to certain stars and

constellations which are extra Zodiacal, lying above and below the

constellations of the Zodiac; they were 36 in number: allotted to the Decans, or

one-third parts of each sign. The paranellatons ascend or descend with the

Decans alternately, thus when Scorpio rises, Orion in its paranellaton sets,

also Auriga; this gave rise to the fable that the horses of Phaeton, the Sun,

were frightened by a Scorpion, and the Charioteer fell into the River Po; that

is the constellation of the River Eridanus which lies below Auriga the star.

[w.w.w.]

 

Paranirvâna (Sk.). Absolute Non-Being, which is equivalent to absolute Being or

“Be-ness”, the state reached by the human Monad at the end of the


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great cycle (See Secret Doctrine I, 135). The same as Paraniskpanna.

 

Parasakti (Sk.). “The great Force”—one of the six Forces of Nature; that of

light and heat.

 

Parâsara (Sk.). A Vedic Rishi, the narrator of Vishnu Purâna.

 

Paratantra (Sk.). That which has no existence of, or by itself, but only through

a dependent or causal connection.

 

Paroksha (Sk.). Intellectual apprehension of a truth.

 

Parsees. Written also Parsis. The followers of Zoroaster. This is the name given

to the remnant of the once-powerful Iranian nation, which remained true to the

religion ‘of its forefathers—the fire-worship. This remnant now dwells in India,

some 50,000 strong, mostly in Bombay and Guzerat.

 

Pâsa (Sk.). The crucifixion noose of Siva, the noose held in his right hand in

some of his representations.

 

Paschalis, Martinez. A very learned man, a mystic and occultist. Born about

1700, in Portugal. He travelled extensively, acquiring knowledge wherever he

could in the East, in Turkey, Palestine, Arabia, and Central Asia. He was a

great Kabbalist. He was the teacher of the Initiator of the Marquis de St.

Martin, who founded the mystical Martinistic School and Lodges. Paschalis is

reported to have died in St. Domingo about 1779, leaving several excellent works

behind him.

 

Pasht (Eg.). The cat-headed goddess, the Moon, called also Sekhet. Her statues

and representations are seen in great numbers at the British Museum. She is the

wife or female aspect of Ptah (the son of Kneph), the creative principle, or the

Egyptian Demiurgus. She is also called Beset or Bubastis, being then both the

re-uniting and the separating principle. Her motto is: “punish the guilty and

remove defilement”, and one of her emblems is the cat. According to Viscount

Rouge, her worship is extremely ancient (B.c. 3000), and she is the mother of

the Asiatic race, the race that settled in Northern Egypt. As such she is called

Ouato.

 

Pashut (Heb.). “Literal interpretation.” One of the four modes of interpreting

the Bible used by the Jews.

 

Pashyantî (Sk.). The second of the four degrees (Parâ, Pashyantî, Madhyamâ and

Vaikharî), in which sound is divided according to its differentiation.

 

Pass not, The Ring. The circle within which are confined all those who still

labour under the delusion of separateness.

 

Passing of the River (Kab.). This phrase may be met with in works


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referring to mediæval magic: it is the name given to a cypher alphabet used by

Kabbalistic Rabbis at an early date ; the river alluded to is the Chebar—the

name will also be found in Latin authors as Literæ Transitus. [w.w.w.]

 

Pastophori (Gr.). A certain class of candidates for initiation, those who bore

in public processions (and also in the temples) the sacred coffin or funeral

couch of the Sun-gods—killed and resurrected, of Osiris, Tammuz (or Adonis), of

Atys and others. The Christians adopted their coffin from the pagans of

antiquity.

 

Pâtâla (Sk). The nether world, the antipodes; hence in popular superstition the

infernal regions, and philosophically the two Americas, which are antipodal to

India. Also, the South Pole as standing opposite to Meru, the North Pole.

 

Pâtaliputra (Sk.). The ancient capital of Magadha, a kingdom of Eastern India,

now identified with Patna.

 

Pâtanjala (Sk.). The Yoga philosophy; one of the six Darshanas or Schools of

India.

 

Patanjali (Sk.). The founder of the Yoga philosophy. The date assigned to him by

the Orientalists is 200 B.C.; and by the Occultists nearer to 700 than 600 B.C.

At any rate he was a contemporary of Pânini.

 

Pâvaka (Sk.). One of the three personified fires eldest sons of Abhimânim or

Agni, who had forty-five sons ; these with the original son of Brahmâ, their

father Agni, and his three descendants, constitute the mystic 49 fires. Pâvaka

is the electric fire.

 

Pavamâna (Sk.). Another of the three fires (vide supra)—the fire produced by

friction.

 

Pavana (Sk) God of the wind; the alleged father of the monkey-god Hanuman (See

“Râmâyana”).

 

Peling (Tib.). The name given to all foreigners in Tibet, to Europeans

especially.

 

Pentacle (Gr.). Any geometrical figure, especially that known as the double

equilateral triangle, the six-pointed star (like the theosophical pentacle) ;

called also Solomon’s seal, and still earlier “the sign of Vishnu” ; used by all

the mystics, astrologers, etc.

 

Pentagon (Gr.), from pente “five”, and gonia “angle” ; in geometry a plane

figure with five angles.

 

Per-M-Rhu (Eg.). This name is the recognised pronunciation of the ancient title

of the collection of mystical lectures, called in English The Book of the Dead.

Several almost complete papyri have been found, and there are numberless extant

copies of portions of the work. [w.w.w.]


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Personality. In Occultism—which divides man into seven principles, considering

him under the three aspects of the divine, the thinking or the rational, and the

animal man—the lower quaternary or the purely astrophysical being; while by

Individuality is meant the Higher Triad, considered as a Unity. Thus the

Personality embraces all the characteristics and memories of one physical life,

while the Individuality is the imperishable Ego which re-incarnates and clothes

itself in one personality after another.

 

Pesh-Hun (Tib.). From the Sanskrit pesuna “spy”; an epithet given to Nârada, the

meddlesome and troublesome Rishi.

 

Phala (Sk.). Retribution; the fruit or result of causes.

 

Phâlguna (Sk.). A name of Arjuna; also of a month.

 

 

Phallic (Gr.). Anything belonging to sexual worship; or of a sexual character

externally, such as the Hindu lingham and yoni—the emblems of the male and

female generative power—which have none of the unclean significance attributed

to it by the Western mind.

 

Phanes (Gr.). One of the Orphic triad—Phanes, Chaos and Chronos. It was also the

trinity of the Western people in the pre-Christian period.

 

Phenomenon (Gr.). In reality “an appearance”, something previously unseen, and

puzzling when the cause of it is unknown. Leaving aside various kinds of

phenomena, such as cosmic, electrical, chemical, etc., and holding merely to the

phenomena of spiritism, let it be remembered that theosophically and

esoterically every “miracle”—from the biblical to the theumaturgic—is simply a

phenomenon, but that no phenomenon is ever a miracle, i.e., something

supernatural or outside of the laws of nature, as all such are impossibilities

in nature.

 

Philaletheans (Gr.). Lit., “the lovers of truth”; the name is given to the

Alexandrian Neo-Platonists, also called Analogeticists and Theosophists. (See

Key to Theosophy, p. 1, et seq.) The school was founded by Ammonius Saccas early

in the third century, and lasted until the fifth. The greatest philosophers and

sages of the day belonged to it.

 

Philalethes, Eugenius. The Rosicrucian name assumed by one Thomas Vaughan, a

mediæval English Occultist and Fire Philosopher. He was a great Alchemist.

[w.w.w.]

 

Philæ (Gr.). An island in Upper Egypt where a famous temple of that name was

situated, the ruins of which may be seen to this day by travellers.

 

Philo Judæus. A Hellenized Jew of Alexandria, and a very famous historian and

writer; born about 30 B.C, died about 45 A.D. He

 
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ought thus to have been well acquainted with the greatest event of the 1st

century of our era, and the facts about Jesus, his life, and the drama of the

Crucifixion. And yet he is absolutely silent upon the subject, both in his

careful enumeration of the then existing Sects and Brotherhoods in Palestine and

in his accounts of the Jerusalem of his day. He was a great mystic and his works

abound with metaphysics and noble ideas, while in esoteric knowledge he had no

rival for several ages among the best writers.

[ under “Philo Judæus” in the Glossary of the Key to Theosophy.]

Philo-Judaeus. A Hellenized Jew of Alexandria, a famous historian and

philosopher of the first century, born about the year 30 B. C., and died between

the years 45 and 50 A. D. Philo's symbolism of the Bible is very remarkable. The

animals, birds, reptiles, trees, and places mentioned in it are all, it is said,

"allegories of conditions of the soul, of faculties, dispositions, or passions;

the useful plants were allegories of virtues, the noxious of the affections of

the unwise and so on through the mineral kingdom; through heaven, earth and

stars; through fountains and rivers, fields and dwellings; through metals,

substances, arms, clothes, ornaments, furniture, the body and its parts, the

sexes, and our outward condition."

(Dict. Christ. Biog.) All of which would strongly corroborate the idea that

Philo was acquainted with the ancient Kabbala.

 

Philosopher’s Stone. Called also the “Powder of Projection”. It is the Magnum

Opus of the Alchemists, an object to be attained by them at all costs, a

substance possessing the power of transmuting the baser metals into pure gold.

Mystically, however, the Philosopher’s Stone symbolises the transmutation of the

lower animal nature of man into the highest and divine.

 

Philostratus (Gr.). A biographer of Apollonius of Tyana, who described the life,

travels and adventures of this sage and philosopher.

 

Phla (Gr.). A small island in the lake Tritonia, in the days of Herodotus.

 

Phlegiæ (Gr.). A submerged ancient island in prehistoric days and identified by

some writers with Atlantis; also a people in Thessaly.

 

Pho (Chin.). The animal Soul.

 

Phœbe (Gr.). A name given to Diana, or the moon.

 

Phœbus-Apollo (Gr.). Apollo as the Sun, “the light of life and of the world”.

 

Phoreg (Gr.).  The name of the seventh Titan not mentioned in the cosmogony of

Hesiod.

The “mystery” Titan.

 

Phorminx (Gr.). The seven-stringed lyre of Orpheus.

 

 

Phoronede (Gr.). A poem of which Phoroneus is the hero; this work is no longer

extant.

 

Phoroneus (Gr.). A Titan; an ancestor and generator of mankind. According to a

legend of Argolis, like Prometheus he was credited with bringing fire to this

earth (Pausanias). The god of a river in Peloponnesus.

 

Phren (Gr.). A Pythagorean term denoting what we call the Kâma-Manas still

overshadowed by the Buddhi-Manas.

 

Phtah (Eg.). The God of death; similar to Siva, the destroyer. In later Egyptian

mythology a sun-god. It is the seat or locality of the Sun and its occult Genius

or Regent in esoteric philosophy.

 

Phta-Ra (Eg.). One of the 49 mystic (occult) Fires.

 
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Picus, John, Count of Mirandola. A celebrated Kabbalist and Alchemist, author of

a treatise “on gold” and other Kabbalistic works. He defied Rome and Europe in

his attempt to prove divine Christian truth in the Zohar. Born in 1463, died

1494.

 

Pillaloo Codi (Tamil). A nickname in popular astronomy given to the Pleiades,

meaning “hen and chickens”. The French also, curiously enough call this

constellation, “Poussinière”.

 

Pillars, The Two. Jachin and Boaz were placed at the entrance to the Temple of

Solomon, the first on the right, the second on the left. Their symbolism is

developed in the rituals of the Freemasons.

 

Pillars, The Three. When the ten Sephiroth are arranged in the Tree of Life, two

vertical lines

separate them into 3 Pillars, namely the Pillar of Severity, the Pillar of

Mercy, and the central

Pillar of Mildness. Binah, Geburah, and Hod form the first, that of Severity;

Kether, Tiphereth,

Jesod and Malkuth the central pillar; Chokmah, Chesed and Netzach the Pillar of

Mercy. [w.w.w.]

 

Pillars of Hermes. Like the “pillars of Seth” (with which they are identified)

they served for commemorating occult events, and various esoteric secrets

symbolically engraved on them. It was a universal practice. Enoch is also said

to have constructed pillars.

 

Pingala (Sk.). The great Vedic authority on the Prosody and chhandas of the

Vedas. Lived several centuries B.C.

 

Pippala (Sk.). The tree of knowledge : the mystic fruit of that tree “upon which

came Spirits who love Science”. This is allegorical and occult.

 

Pippalâda (Sk.). A magic school wherein Atharva Veda is explained founded by an

Adept of that name.

 

Pisâchas (Sk.). In the Purânas, goblins or demons created by Brahmâ. In the

southern Indian folk-lore, ghosts, demons, larvæ and vampires—generally

female—who haunt men. Fading remnants of human beings in Kâmaloka, as shells and

Elementaries.

 

Pistis Sophia (Sk.). “Knowledge-Wisdom.” A sacred book of the early Gnostics or

the primitive Christians.

 

Pitar Devata (Sk.). The “Father-Gods”, the lunar ancestors of mankind.

 

Pitaras (Sk.). Fathers, Ancestors. The fathers of the human races.

 

Pitris (Sk.). The ancestors, or creators of mankind. They are of seven classes,

three of which are incorporeal, arupa, and four corporeal. In popular theology

they are said to be created from Brahmâ’s side. They are variously genealogized,

but in esoteric philosophy they are as given


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in the Secret Doctrine. In Isis Unveiled it is said of them “It is generally

believed that the Hindu term means the spirits of our ancestors, of disembodied

people, hence the argument of some Spiritualists that fakirs (and yogis) and

other Eastern wonder-workers, are mediums. This is in more than one sense

erroneous. The Pitris are not the ancestors of the present living men, but those

of the human kind, or Adamic races; the spirits of human races, which on the

great scale of descending evolution preceded our races of men, and they were

physically, as well as spiritually, far superior to our modern pigmies. In

Mânava Dharma Shâstra they are called the Lunar Ancestors.” The Secret Doctrine

has now explained that which was cautiously put forward in the earlier

Theosophical volumes.

 

Pîyadasi (Pali). “The beautiful”, a title of King Chandragupta (the

“Sandracottus” of the Greeks) and of Asoka the Buddhist king, his grandson. They

both reigned in Central India between the fourth and third centuries B.C.,

called also Devânâmpiya, “the beloved of the gods”.

 

Plaksha (Sk.). One of the seven Dwipas (continents or islands) in the Indian

Pantheon and the Purânas.

 

Plane. From the Latin planus (level, flat) an extension of space or of something

in it, whether physical or metaphysical, e.g., a “plane of consciousness”. As

used in Occultism, the term denotes the range or extent of some state of

consciousness, or of the perceptive power of a particular set of senses, or the

action of a particular force, or the state of matter corresponding to any of the

above.

 

Planetary Spirits. Primarily the rulers or governors of the planets. As our

earth has its hierarchy of terrestrial planetary spirits, from the highest to

the lowest plane, so has every other heavenly body. In Occultism, however, the

term “Planetary Spirit” is generally applied only to the seven highest

hierarchies corresponding to the Christian archangels. These have all passed

through a stage of evolution corresponding to the humanity of earth on other

worlds, in long past cycles. Our earth, being as yet only in its fourth round,

is far too young to have produced high planetary spirits. The highest planetary

spirit ruling over any globe is in reality the “Personal God” of that planet and

far more truly its “over-ruling providence” than the self-contradictory Infinite

Personal Deity of modern Churchianity.

 

Plastic Soul. Used in Occultism in reference to the linga sharira or the astral

body of the lower Quaternary. It is called “plastic” and also “Protean” Soul

from its power of assuming any shape or form and moulding or modelling itself

into or upon any image impressed in the

 
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astral light around it, or in the minds of the medium or of those present at

séances for materialization. The linga sharira must not be confused with the

mayavi rupa or “thought body”—the image created by the thought and will of an

adept or sorcerer ; for while the “astral form” or linga sharira is a real

entity, the “thought body” is a temporary illusion created by the mind.

 

Plato. An Initiate into the Mysteries and the greatest Greek philosopher, whose

writings are known the world over. He was the pupil of Socrates and the teacher

of Aristotle. He flourished over 400 years before our era.

 

Platonic School, or the “Old Akadéme”, in contrast with the later or

Neo-Platonic School of Alexandria (See “Philalethean”).

 

Pleroma (Gr.). “Fulness”, a Gnostic term adopted to signify the divine world or

Universal Soul. Space, developed and divided into a series of æons. The abode of

the invisible gods. It has three degrees.

 

 

Plotinus. The noblest, highest and grandest of all the Neo-Platonists after the

founder of the school, Ammonius Saccas. He was the most enthusiastic of the

Philaletheans or “lovers of truth”, whose aim was to found a religion on a

system of intellectual abstraction, which is true Theosophy, or the whole

substance of Neo-Platonism. If we are to believe Porphyry, Plotinus has never

disclosed either his birth-place or connexions, his native land or his race.

Till the age of twenty-eight he had never found teacher or teaching which would

suit him or answer his aspirations. Then he happened to hear Ammonius Saccas,

from which day he continued to attend his school. At thirty-nine he accompanied

the Emperor Gordian to Persia and India with the object of learning their

philosophy. He died at the age of sixty-six after writing fifty-four books on

philosophy. So modest was he that it is said he “blushed to think he had a

body”. He reached Samâdhi (highest ecstasy or “re-union with God” the divine

Ego) several times during his life. As said by a biographer, “so far did his

contempt for his bodily organs go, that he refused to use a remedy, regarding it

as unworthy of a man to use means of this kind”. Again we read, “as he died, a

dragon (or serpent) that had been under his bed, glided through a hole in the

wall and disappeared”—a fact suggestive for the student of symbolism. He taught

a doctrine identical with that of the Vedantins, namely, that the Spirit-Soul

emanating from the One deific principle was, after its pilgrimage, re-united to

It.

 

Point within a Circle. In its esoteric meaning the first unmanifested logos

appearing on the infinite and shoreless expanse of Space, represented by the

Circle. It is the plane of Infinity and Absoluteness. This is


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only one of the numberless and hidden meanings of this symbol, which is the most

important of all the geometrical figures used in metaphysical emblematology. As

to the Masons, they have made of the point “an individual brother” whose duty to

God and man is bounded by the circle, and have added John the Baptist and John

the Evangelist to keep company with the “brother”, representing them under two

perpendicular parallel lines.

 

Popes-Magicians. There are several such in history; e.g., Pope Sylvester II.,

the artist who made an “oracular head”, like the one fabricated by Albertus

Magnus, the learned Bishop of  Ratisbon. Pope Sylvester was considered a great

“enchanter and sorcerer” by Cardinal Benno, and the “head” was smashed to pieces

by Thomas Aquinas, because it talked too much. Then there were Popes Benedict

IX., John XX., and the VIth and VIIth Gregory, all regarded by their

contemporaries as magicians. The latter Gregory was the famous Hildebrand. As to

Bishops and lesser Priests who studied Occultism and became expert in magic

arts, they are numberless.

 

Popol Vuh. The Sacred Books of the Guatemalians. Quiché MSS., discovered by

Brasseur de Bourbourg.

 

Porphyry, or Porphyrius. A Neo-Platonist and a most distinguished writer, only

second to Plotinus as a teacher and philosopher. He was born before the middle

of the third century A.D., at Tyre, since he called himself a Tyrian and is

supposed to have belonged to a Jewish family. Though himself thoroughly

Hellenized and a Pagan, his name Melek (a king) does seem to indicate that he

had Semitic blood in his veins. Modern critics very justly consider him the most

practically philosophical, and the soberest, of all the Neo-Platonists. A

distinguished writer, he was specially famous for his controversy with

Iamblichus regarding the evils attendant upon the practice of Theurgy. He was,

however, finally converted to the views of his opponent. A natural-born mystic,

he followed, as did his master Plotinus, the pure Indian Râj-Yoga training,

which leads to the union of the Soul with the Over-Soul or Higher Self

(Buddhi-Manas). He complains, however, that, all his efforts notwithstanding, he

did not reach this state of ecstacy before he was sixty, while Plotinus was a

proficient in it. This was so, probably because while his teacher held physical

life and body in the greatest contempt, limiting philosophical research to those

regions where life and thought become eternal and divine, Porphyry devoted his

whole time to considerations of the hearing of philosophy on practical life.

“The end of philosophy is with him morality”, says a biographer, “we might

almost say, holiness—the healing of man’s infirmities, the imparting to him a

purer and more vigorous life. Mere knowledge, however true, is


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not of itself sufficient ; knowledge has for its object life in accordance with

Nous”—“reason”, translates the biographer. As we interpret Nous, however, not as

Reason, but mind (Manas) or the divine eternal Ego in man, we would translate

the idea esoterically, and make it read “the occult or secret knowledge has for

its object terrestrial life in accordance with Nous, or our everlasting

reincarnating Ego”, which would be more consonant with Porphyry’s idea, as it is

with esoteric philosophy. (See Porphyry’s De Abstinentia ., 29.) Of all the

Neo-Platonists, Porphyry approached the nearest to real Theosophy as now taught

by the Eastern secret school. This is shown by all our modern critics and

writers on the Alexandrian school, for “he held that the Soul should be as far

as possible freed from the bonds of matter, . . . be ready . . . to cut off the

whole body”. (Ad Marcellam, 34.) He recommends the practice of abstinence,

saying that “we should be like the gods if we could abstain from vegetable as

well as animal food”. He accepts with reluctance theurgy and mystic incantation

as those are “powerless to purify the noëtic (manasic) principle of the soul”:

theurgy can “but cleanse the lower or psychic portion, and make it capable of

perceiving lower beings, such as spirits, angels and gods” (Aug. De Civ. Dei.

X., 9), just as Theosophy teaches. “Do not defile the divinity”, he adds, with

the vain imaginings of men you will not injure that which is for ever blessed

(Buddhi-Manas) but you will blind yourself to the perception of the greatest and

most vital truths”. (Ad Marcellam,18.) “If we would he free from the assaults of

evil spirits, we must keep ourselves clear of those things over which evil

spirits have power, for they attack not the pure soul which has no affinity with

them”. (De Abstin. ii., 43.) This is again our teaching. The Church Fathers held

Porphyry as the bitterest enemy, the most irreconcilable to Christianity.

Finally, and once more as in modern Theosophy, Porphyry—as all the

Neo-Platonists, according to St. Augustine—“praised Christ while they disparaged

Christianity”; Jesus, they contended, as we contend, “said nothing himself

against the pagan deities, but wrought wonders by their help”. “They could not

call him as his disciples did, God, but they honoured him as one of the best and

wisest of men”. (De Civ. Dei., X1X., 23.) Yet, “even in the storm of

controversy, scarcely a word seems to have been uttered against the private life

of Porphyry. His system prescribed purity and . . . he practised it”.

(See A Dict. of Christian Biography, Vol. IV., “Porphyry”.)

 

Poseidonis (Gr.). The last remnant of the great Atlantean Continent. Plato’s

island Atlantis is referred to as an equivalent term in Esoteric Philosophy.

 

Postel, Guillaume. A French adept, born in Normandy in 1510.


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His learning brought him to the notice of Francis I., who sent him to the Levant

in search of occult MSS., where he was received into and initiated by an Eastern

Fraternity. On his return to France he became famous. He was persecuted by the

clergy and finally imprisoned by the Inquisition, but was released by his

Eastern brothers from his dungeon. His Clavis Absconditorum, a key to things

hidden and forgotten, is very celebrated.

 

Pot-Amun. Said to be a Coptic term. The name of an Egyptian priest and

hierophant who lived under the earlier Ptolemies. Diogenes Laertius tells us

that it signifies one consecrated to the “Amun”, the god of wisdom and secret

learning, such as were Hermes, Thoth, and Nebo of the Chaldees. This must be so,

since in Chaldea the priests consecrated to Nebo also bore his name, being

called the Neboїm, or in some old Hebrew Kabbalistic works, “Abba Nebu”. The

priests generally took the names of their gods. Pot-Amun is credited with having

been the first to teach Theosophy, or the outlines of the Secret

Wisdom-Religion, to the uninitiated.

 

Prabhavâpyaya (Sk.). That whence all originates and into which all things

resolve at the end of the life-cycle.

 

Prachetâs (Sk.). A name of Varuna, the god of water, or esoterically—its

principle.

 

Prâchetasas (Sk.). See Secret Doctrine, II., 176 et seq. Daksha is the son of

the Prâchetasas, the ten sons of Prachinavahis. Men endowed with magic powers in

the Purânas who, while practising religious austerities, remained immersed at

the bottom of the sea for 10,000 years.

The name also of Daksha, called Prâchetasa.

 

Pradhâna (Sk.). Undifferentiated substance, called elsewhere and in other

schools—Akâsa; and Mulaprakriti or Root of Matter by the Vedantins. In short,

Primeval Matter.

 

Pragna (Sk.) or Prajna. A synonym of Mahat the Universal Mind. The capacity for

perception.

(S. D., I. 139) Consciousness.

 

Prahlâda (Sk.). The son of Hiranyakashipu, the King of the Asuras. As Prahlâda

was devoted to Vishnu, of whom his father was the greatest enemy, he became

subjected in consequence to a variety of tortures and punishments. In order to

save his devotee from these, Vishnu assumed the form of Nri-Sinha (man-lion, his

fourth avatar) and killed the father.

 

Prajâpatis (Sk.). Progenitors; the givers of life to all on this Earth. They are

seven and then ten—corresponding to the seven and ten Kabbalistic Sephiroth; to

the Mazdean Amesha-Spentas, &c. Brahmâ the creator, is called Prajâpati as the

synthesis of the Lords of Being.


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Prâkrita (Sk.). One of the provincial dialects of Sanskrit—“the language of the

gods”, and therefore, its materialisation.

 

Prâkritika Pralaya (Sk.). The Pralaya succeeding to the Age of Brahmâ, when

everything that exists is resolved into its primordial essence (or Prakriti).

 

Prakriti (Sk.). Nature in general, nature as opposed to Purusha— spiritual

nature and Spirit, which together are the “two primeval aspects of the One

Unknown Deity”. (Secret Doctrine, I. 51.)

 

Pralaya (Sk.). A period of obscuration or repose—planetary, cosmic or

universal—the opposite of Manvantara (S. D., I. 370.).

 

Pramantha (Sk.). An accessory to producing the sacred fire by friction. The

sticks used by Brahmins to kindle fire by friction.

 

Prameyas (Sk.). Things to be proved; objects of Pramâna or proof.

 

Pram-Gimas (Lithuanian). Lit., “Master of all”, a deity-title.

 

Pramlochâ (Sk.). A female Apsaras—a water-nymph who beguiled Kandu. (See

“Kandu”.)

 

Prâna (Sk.). Life-Principle ; the breath of Life.

 

Prânamâya Kosha (Sk.). The vehicle of Prâna, life, or the Linga Sarîra a

Vedantic term.

 

Pranâtman (Sk.). The same as Sutrâtmâ, the eternal germ-thread on which are

strung, like beads, the personal lives of the EGO.

 

Pranava (Sk.). A sacred word, equivalent to Aum.

 

Prânâyâma (Sk.). The suppression and regulation of the breath in Yoga practice.

 

Pranidhâna (Sk.). The fifth observance of the Yogis; ceaseless devotion. (See

Yoga Shâstras, ii. 32.)

 

Prâpti (Sk.). From Prâp, to reach. One of the eight Siddhis (powers) of

Râj-Yoga. The power of transporting oneself from one place to another,

instantaneously, by the mere force of will ; the faculty of divination, of

healing and of prophesying, also a Yoga power.

 

Prasanga Madhyamika (Sk.). A Buddhist school of philosophy in Tibet. it follows,

like the Yogâchârya system, the Mahâyâna or “Great Vehicle” of precepts; but,

having been founded far later than the Yogâchârya, it is not half so rigid and

severe. It is a semi-exoteric and very popular system among the literati and

laymen.

 

Prashraya, or Vinaya (Sk.). “The progenetrix of affection.” A title bestowed

upon the Vedic Aditi, the

“Mother of the Gods”.

 

Pratibhâsika (Sk.). The apparent or illusory life.

 

Pratisamvid (Sk.). The four “unlimited forms of wisdom” attained


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by an Arhat; the last of which is the absolute knowledge of and power over the

twelve Nidânas.

(See “Nidâna”.)

 

Pratyâbhâva (Sk.). The state of the Ego under the necessity of repeated births.

 

Pratyagâtmâ (Sk.). The same as Jivâtmâ, or the one living Universal Soul—Alaya.

 

Pratyâhâra (Sk.). The same as “Mahâpralaya”.

 

Pratyâharana (Sk.). The preliminary training in practical Râj -Yoga.

 

Pratyaksha (Sk). Spiritual perception by means of senses.

 

Pratyasarga (Sk.). In Sankhya philosophy the “intellectual evolution of the

Universe” ; in the Purânas the 8th creation.

 

Pratyêka Buddha (S.k). The same as “Pasi-Buddha”. The Pratyêka Buddha is a

degree which belongs exclusively to the Yogâchârya school, yet it is only one of

high intellectual development with no true spirituality. It is the dead-letter

of the Yoga laws, in which intellect and comprehension play the greatest part,

added to the strict carrying out of the rules of the inner development. It is

one of the three paths to Nirvâna, and the lowest, in which a Yogi—“without

teacher and without saving others”—by the mere force of will and technical

observances, attains to a kind of nominal Buddhaship individually; doing no good

to anyone, but working selfishly for his own salvation and himself alone. The

Pratyêkas are respected outwardly but are despised inwardly by those of keen or

spiritual appreciation. A Pratyêka is generally compared to a “Khadga” or

solitary rhinoceros and called Ekashringa Rishi, a selfish solitary Rishi (or

saint). “As crossing Sansâra (‘the ocean of birth and death’ or the series of

incarnations), suppressing errors, and yet not attaining to absolute perfection,

the Pratyêka Buddha is compared with a horse which crosses a river swimming,

without touching the ground.” (Sanskrit-Chinese Dict.) He is far below a true

“Buddha of Compassion”. He strives only for the reaching of Nirvâna.

 

Pre-existence. The term used to denote that we have lived before. The same as

reincarnation in the past. The idea is derided by some, rejected by others,

called absurd and inconsistent by the third yet it is the oldest and the most

universally accepted belief from an immemorial antiquity. And if this belief was

universally accepted by the most subtle philosophical minds of the pre-Christian

world, surely it is not amiss that some of our modern intellectual men should

also believe in it, or at least give the doctrine the benefit of the doubt. Even

the Bible hints at it more than once, St. John the Baptist being regarded as the

reincarnation of Elijah, and the Disciples asking whether the blind man was born

blind because of his sins, which is equal to saying that he had lived and sinned


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before being born blind. As Mr. Bonwick well says: it was “the work of spiritual

progression and soul discipline. The pampered sensualist returned a beggar; the

proud oppressor, a slave ; the selfish woman of fashion, a seamstress. A turn of

the wheel gave a chance for the development of neglected or abused intelligence

and feeling, hence the popularity of reincarnation in all climes and times. . .

. thus the expurgation of evil was . . . gradually but certainly accomplished.”

Verily “an evil act follows a man, passing through one hundred thousand

transmigrations” (Panchatantra). “All souls have a subtle vehicle, image of the

body, which carries the passive soul from one material dwelling to another” says

Kapila; while Basnage explains of the Jews: “By this second death is not

considered hell, but that which happens when a soul has a second time animated a

body”. Herodotus tells his readers, that the Egyptians “are the earliest who

have spoken of this doctrine, according to which the soul of man is immortal,

and after the destruction of the body, enters into a newly born being. When, say

they, it has passed through all the animals of the earth and sea, and all the

birds, it will re-enter the body of a new born man.” This is Pre-existence.

Deveria showed that the funeral books of the Egyptians say plainly “that

resurrection was, in reality, but a renovation, leading to a new infancy, and a

new youth. (See “Reincarnation”.)

 

Prêtas (Sk.). “Hungry demons in popular folk-lore. “ Shells”, of the avaricious

and selfish man after death; “ Elementaries” reborn as Prêtas, in Kâma-loka,

according to the esoteric teachings;

 

Priestesses. Every ancient religion had its priestesses in the temples. In Egypt

they were called the Sâ and served the altar of Isis and in the temples of other

goddesses. Canephorœ was the name given by the Greeks to those consecrated

priestesses who bore the baskets of the gods during the public festivals of the

Eleusinian Mysteries. There were female prophets in Israel as in Egypt, diviners

of dreams and oracles; and Herodotus mentions the Hierodules, the virgins or

nuns dedicated to the Theban Jove, who were generally the Pharaohs’ daughters

and other Princesses of the Royal House. Orientalists speak of the wife of

Cephrenes, the builder of the so-called second Pyramid, who was a priestess of

Thoth.

(See “Nuns”.)

 

Primordial Light. In Occultism, the light which is born in, and through the

preternatural darkness of chaos, which contains “the all in all”, the seven rays

that become later the seven Principles in Nature.

 

Principles. The Elements or original essences, the basic differentiations upon

and of which all things are built up. We use the term to denote the seven

individual and fundamental aspects of the One Universal Reality in Kosmos and in

man. Hence also the seven aspects in the


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manifestation in the human being—divine, spiritual, psychic, astral,

physiological and simply physical.

 

Priyavrata (Sk.). The name of the son of Swâyambhûva Manu in exoteric Hinduism.

The occult designation of one of the primeval races in Occultism.

 

Proclus (Gr.). A Greek writer and mystic philosopher, known as a Commentator of

Plato, and surnamed the Diadochus. He lived in the fifth century, and died, aged

75, at Athens A.D. 485. His last ardent disciple and follower and the translator

of his works was Thomas Taylor of Norwich, who, says Brother Kenneth Mackenzie,

“was a modern mystic who adopted the pagan faith as being the only veritable

faith, and actually sacrificed doves to Venus, a goat to Bacchus and designed to

immolate a bull to Jupiter” but was prevented by his landlady.

 

Prometheus (Gr.). The Greek logos; he, who by bringing on earth divine fire

(intelligence and consciousness) endowed men with reason and mind. Prometheus is

the Hellenic type of our Kumâras or Egos, those who, by incarnating in men, made

of them latent gods instead of animals. The gods (or Elohim) were averse to men

becoming “as one of us (Genesis iii., 22), and knowing “good and evil”. Hence we

see these gods in every religious legend punishing man for his desire to know.

As the Greek myth has it, for stealing the fire he brought to men from Heaven,

Prometheus was chained by the order of Zeus to a crag of the Caucasian

Mountains.

 

Propator (Gr) Gnostic term. The “Depth” of Bythos, or En-Aiôr, the unfathomable

light. The latter is alone the Self-Existent and the Eternal—Propator is only

periodical.

 

Protogonos (Gr.). The “first-born”; used of all the manifested gods and of the

Sun in our system.

 

Proto-îlos (Gr.). The first primordial matter.

 

Protologoi (Gr.). The primordial seven creative Forces when anthropomorphized

into Archangels or Logoi.

 

Protyle (Gr.). A newly-coined word in chemistry to designate the first

homogeneous, primordial substance.

 

Pschent (Eg.). A symbol in the form of a double crown, meaning the presence of

Deity in death as in life, on earth as in heaven. This Pschent is only worn by

certain gods.

 

Psyche (Gr.). The animal, terrestrial Soul; the lower Manas.

 

Psychism, from the Greek psyche. A term now used to denote very loosely every

kind of mental phenomena, e.g., mediumship, and the


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higher sensitiveness, hypnotic receptivity, and inspired prophecy, simple

clairvoyance in the astral light, and real divine seership; in short, the word

covers every phase and manifestation of the powers and potencies of the human

and the divine Souls.

 

Psychography. A word first used by theosophists; it means writing under the

dictation or the influence of one’s “soul-power”, though Spiritualists have now

adopted the term to denote writing produced by their mediums under the guidance

of returning “Spirits”.

 

Psychology. The Science of Soul, in days of old: a Science which served as the

unavoidable basis for physiology. Whereas in our modern day, it is psychology

that is being based (by our great scientists) upon physiology.

 

 

Psychometry. Lit., “Soul-measuring”; reading or seeing, not with the physical

eyes, but with the soul or inner Sight.

 

Psychophobia. Lit., “Soul-fear,” applied to materialists and certain atheists,

who become struck with madness at the very mention of Soul or Spirit.

 

Psylli (Gr.). Serpent-charmers of Africa and Egypt.

 

Ptah, or Pthah (Eg.). The son of Kneph in the Egyptian Pantheon. He is the

Principle of Light and Life through which “creation” or rather evolution took

place. The Egyptian logos and creator, the Demiurgos. A very old deity, as,

according to Herodotus, he had a temple erected to him by Menes, the first king

of Egypt. He is “giver of life” and the self-born, and the father of Apis, the

sacred bull, conceived through a ray from the Sun. Ptah is thus the prototype of

Osiris, a later deity. Herodotus makes him the father of the Kabiri, the

mystery-gods; and the Targum of Jerusalem says: “Egyptians called the wisdom of

the First Intellect Ptah”; hence he is Mahat the “divine wisdom”; though from

another aspect he is Swabhâvat, the self-created substance, as a prayer

addressed to him in the Ritual of the Dead says, after calling Ptah “father of

fathers and of all gods, generator of all men produced from his substance”:

“Thou art without father, being. engendered by thy own will; thou art without

mother, being born by the renewal of thine own substance from whom proceeds

substance”.

 

Pâjâ (Sk.). An offering; worship and divine honours offered to an idol or

something sacred.

 

Pulastya (Sk.). One of the seven “mind-born sons” of Brahmâ; the reputed father

of the Nâgas (serpents, also Initiates) and other symbolical creatures.

 

Pums (Sk.). Spirit, supreme Purusha, Man.

 

Punarjanma (Sk.). The power of evolving objective manifestations; motion of

forms ; also, re-birth.


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Pundarîk-aksha (Sk.). Lit., “lotus-eyed”, a title of Vishnu. “Supreme and

imperishable glory”, as translated by some Orientalists.

 

Pûraka (Sk.). Inbreathing process; a way of breathing as regulated according to

the prescribed rules of Hatha ‘yoga.

 

Purânas (Sk.). Lit., “ancient”. A collection of symbolical and allegorical

writings—eighteen in number now—supposed to have been composed by Vyâsa, the

author of Mahâbhârata.

 

Purohitas (Sk.). Family priests; Brahmans.

 

Pururavas (Sk.). The son of Budha the son of Soma (the moon), and of Ila famous

for being the first to produce fire by the friction of two pieces of wood, and

make it (the fire) triple. An occult character.

 

Purusha (Sk.). “Man”, heavenly man. Spirit, the same as Nârâyana in another

aspect.

“The Spiritual Self.”

 

Purusha Nârâyana (Sk.). Primordial male—Brahmâ.

 

Purushottama (Sk.). Lit., “best of men”; metaphysically, however, it is spirit,

the Supreme Soul of the universe; a title of Vishnu.

 

Pûrvaja (Sk.). “ Pregenetic”, the same as the Orphic Protologos; a title of

Vishnu.

 

Purvashadha (Sk.). An asterism.

 

Pûshan (Sk.). A Vedic deity, the real meaning of which remains unknown to

Orientalists. It is qualified as the “Nourisher”, the feeder of all (helpless)

beings. Esoteric philosophy explains the meaning. Speaking of it the Taittirîya

Brâhmana says that, “When Prajâpati formed living beings, Pûshan nourished

them”. This then is the same mysterious force that nourishes the fœtus and

unborn babe, by Osmosis, and which is called the“atmospheric (or akâsic) nurse”,

and the “father nourisher”. When the lunar Pitris had evolved men, these

remained senseless and helpless, and it is “Pûshan who fed primeval man”. Also a

name of the Sun.

 

Pushkala (Sk) or Puskola. A palm leaf prepared for writing on, used in Ceylon.

All the native books are written on such palm leaves, and last for centuries.

 

Pushkara (Sk.). A blue lotus; the seventh Dwîpa or zone of Bhâratavarsha

(India). A famous lake near Ajmere; also the proper name of several persons.

 

Pûto (Sk.). An island in China where Kwan-Shai-Yin and Kwan-Yin have a number of

temples and monasteries.

 

 

Putra (Sk.). A son.

 

Pu-tsi K’iun-ling (Chin.). Lit., “the Universal Saviour of all beings”. A title

of Avalokiteswara, and also of Buddha.


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Pygmalion (Gr.). A celebrated sculptor and statuary in the island of Cyprus, who

became enamoured of a statue he had made. So the Goddess of beauty, taking pity

on him, changed it into a living woman (Ovid, Met.). The above is an allegory of

the soul.

 

Pymander (Gr.). The “Thought divine”. The Egyptian Prometheus and the

personified Nous or divine light, which appears to and instructs Hermes

Trismegistus, in a hermetic work called “Pymander”.

 

Pyrrha (Gr.). A daughter of Epimatheos and Pandora, who was married to

Deucalion. After a deluge when mankind was almost annihilated, Pyrrha and

Deucalion made men and women out of stones which they threw behind them.

 

Pyrrhonism (Gr). The doctrine of Scepticism as first taught by Pyrrho, though

his system was far more philosophical than the blank denial of our modern

Pyrrhonists.

 

Pythagoras (Gr.). The most famous of mystic philosophers, born at Samos, about

586 B.C. He seems to have travelled all over the world, and to have culled his

philosophy from the various systems to which he had access. Thus, he studied the

esoteric sciences with the Brachmanes of India, and astronomy and astrology in

Chaldea and Egypt. He is known to this day in the former country under the name

of Yavanâchârya (“Ionian teacher”). After returning he settled in Crotona, in

Magna Grecia, where he established a college to which very soon resorted all the

best intellects of the civilised centres. His father was one Mnesarchus of

Samos, and was a man of noble birth and learning. It was Pythagoras. who was the

first to teach the heliocentric system, and who was the greatest proficient in

geometry of his century. It was he also who created the word “philosopher”,

composed of two words meaning a “lover of wisdom”—philo-sophos. As the greatest

mathematician, geometer and astronomer of historical antiquity, and also the

highest of the metaphysicians and scholars, Pythagoras has won imperishable

fame. He taught reincarnation as it is professed in India and much else of the

Secret Wisdom.

 

Pythagorean Pentacle (Gr.). A Kabbalistic six-pointed star with an eagle at the

apex and a bull and a lion under the face of a man; a mystic symbol adopted by

the Eastern and Roman Christians, who place these animals beside the four

Evangelists.

 

Pythia or Pythoness (Gr.). Modern dictionaries inform us that the term means one

who delivered the oracles at the temple of Delphi, and “any female supposed to

have the spirit of divination in her—a witch” (Webster). This is neither true,

just nor correct. On the authority of Iamblichus, Plutarch and others, a Pythia

was a priestess chosen among the sensitives of the poorer classes, and placed in

a temple where oracular

 
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powers were exercised. There she had a room secluded from all but the chief

Hierophant and Seer, and once admitted, was, like a nun, lost to the world.

Sitting on a tripod of brass placed over a fissure in the ground, through which

arose intoxicating vapours, these subterranean exhalations, penetrating her

whole system, produced the prophetic mania, in which abnormal state she

delivered oracles. Aristophanes in Væstas “ I., reg. 28, calls the Pythia

ventriloqua vates or the “ventriloquial prophetess”, on account of her

stomach-voice. The ancients placed the soul of man (the lower Manas) or his

personal self-consciousness, in the pit of his stomach. We find in the fourth

verse of the second Nâbhânedishta hymn of the Brahmans: “Hear, 0 sons of the

gods, one who speaks through his name (nâbhâ), for he hails you in your

dwellings!” This is a modern somnambulic phenomenon. The navel was regarded in

antiquity as “the circle of the sun”, the seat of divine internal light.

Therefore was the oracle of Apollo at Delphi, the city of Delphus, the womb or

abdomen—while the seat of the temple was called the omphalos, navel. As

well-known, a number of mesmerized subjects can read letters, hear, smell and

see through that part of their body. In India there exists to this day a belief

(also among the Parsis) that adepts have flames in their navels, which enlighten

for them all darkness and unveil the spiritual world. It is called with the

Zoroastrians the lamp of Deshtur or the “High Priest”; and the light or radiance

of the Dikshita (the initiate) with the Hindus.

 

Pytho (Gr.). The same as Ob—a fiendish, devilish influence; the ob through which

the sorcerers are said to work.

 

                          

Q  


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Q._The seventeenth letter of the English Alphabet. It is the obsolete Æolian

Qoppa and the Hebrew Koph. As a numeral it is 100, and its symbol is the back of

the head from the ears to the neck. With the Æolian Occultists it stood for the

symbol of differentiation.

 

Qabbalah (Heb.). The ancient Chaldean Secret Doctrine, abbreviated into Kabala.

An occult system handed clown by oral transmission; but which, though accepting

tradition, is not in itself composed of merely traditional teachings, as it was

once a fundamental science, now disfigured by the additions of centuries, and by

interpolation by the Western Occultists, especially by Christian Mystics. It

treats of hitherto esoteric interpretations of the Jewish Scriptures, and

teaches several methods of interpreting Biblical allegories. Originally the

doctrines were transmitted “from mouth to ear” only, says Dr. W. Wynn Westcott,

“in an oral manner from teacher to pupil who received them; hence the name

Kabbalah, Qabalah, or Cabbala from the Hebrew root QBL, to receive. Besides this

Theoretic Kabbalah, there was created a Practical branch, which is concerned

with the Hebrew letters, as types a like of Sounds, Numbers, and Ideas.” (See

“Gematria”, “Notaricon”, “ Temura”.) For the original book of the Qabbalah—the

Zohar—see further on. But the Zohar we have now is not the Zohar left by Simeon

Ben Jochai to his son and secretary as an heirloom. The author of the present

approximation was one Moses de Leon, a Jew of the XIIIth century. (See “Kabalah”

and “Zohar”.)

 

Qadmon, Adam, or Adam Kadmon (Heb.). The Heavenly or Celestial Man, the

Microcosm (q.v.), He is the manifested Logos; the third Logos according to

Occultism, or the Paradigm of Humanity.

 

Qai-yin (Heb.). The same as Cain.

 

Qaniratha (Mazd.). Our earth, in the Zoroastrian Scriptures, which is placed, as

taught in the Secret Doctrine, in the midst of the other six Karshwars, or

globes of the terrestrial chain.

(See Secret Doctrine, II. p. 759.)

 

Q’lippoth (Heb.), or Klippoth. The world of Demons or Shells; the same as the

Aseeyatic World, called also Olam Klippoth. It is the residence of Samâel, the

Prince of Darkness in the Kabbalistic allegories.


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But note what we read in the Zohar (ii.43a) “For the service of the Angelic

World, the Holy. . . . made Samâel and his legions, i.e., the world of action,

who are as it were the clouds to be used (by the higher or upper Spirits, our

Egos) to ride upon in their descent to the earth, and serve, as it were, for

their horses”. This, in conjunction with the fact that Q’lippoth contains the

matter of which stars, planets, and even men are made, shows that Samâel with

his legions is simply chaotic, turbulent matter, which is used in its finer

state by spirits to robe themselves in. For speaking of the “vesture” or form

(rupa) of the incarnating Egos, it is said in the Occult Catechism that they,

the Mânasaputras or Sons of Wisdom, use for the consolidation of their forms, in

order to descend into lower spheres, the dregs of Swabhavat, or that plastic

matter which is throughout Space, in other words, primordial ilus. And these

dregs are what the Egyptians have called Typhon and modern Europeans Satan,

Samâel, etc., etc. Deus est Demon inversus—the Demon is the lining of God.

 

Quadrivium (Lat.). A term used by the Scholastics during the Middle Ages to

designate the last four paths of learning—of which there were originally seven.

Thus grammar, rhetoric and logic were called the trivium, and arithmetic,

geometry, music and astronomy (the Pythagorean obligatory sciences) went under

the name of quadrivium.

 

 

Quetzo-Cohuatl (Mex.). The serpent-god in the Mexican Scriptures and legends.

His wand and other “land-marks” show him to be some great Initiate of antiquity,

who received the name of “Serpent” on account of his wisdom, long life and

powers. To this day the aboriginal tribes of Mexico call themselves by the names

of various reptiles, animals and birds.

 

Quiche Cosmogony. Called Popol Vuh; discovered by the Abbé Brasseur de

Bourbourg.

(See “Popol Vuh”.)

 

Quietists. A religious sect founded by a Spanish monk named Molinos. Their chief

doctrine was that contemplation (an internal state of complete rest and

passivity) was the only religious practice possible, and constituted the whole

of religious observances. They were the Western Hatha Yogis and passed their

time in trying to separate their minds from the objects of sense. The practice

became a fashion in France and also in Russia during the early portion of this

century.

 

Quinanes. A very ancient race of giants, of whom there are many traditions, not

only in the folk-lore but in the history of Central America. Occult science

teaches that the race which preceded our own human race was one of giants, which

gradually decreased, after the Atlantean deluge had almost swept them off the

face of the earth, to the present size of man.


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Quindecemvir (Lat.). The Roman priest who had charge of the Sibylline books.

 

Qû-tamy (Chald.). The name of the mystic who receives the revelations of the

moon-goddess in the ancient Chaldean work, translated into Arabic, and

retranslated by Chwolsohn into German, under the name of Nabathean Agriculture.

                                       

R 


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R .—The eighteenth letter of the alphabet; “the canine”, as its sound reminds

 

one of a snarl. In the Hebrew alphabet it is the twentieth, and its numeral is

200. It is equivalent as Resh to the divine name Rahim (clemency); and its

symbols are, a sphere, a head, or a circle.

 

Ra (Eg.). The divine Universal Soul in its manifested aspect—the ever-burning

light; also the personified Sun.

 

Rabbis (Heb.). Originally teachers of the Secret Mysteries, the Qabbalah; later,

every Levite of the priestly caste became a teacher and a Rabbin. (See the

series of Kabbalistic Rabbis by w.w.w.)

1 Rabbi Abulafia of Saragossa born in 1240, formed a school of Kabbalah named

after him; his chief works were The Seven Paths of the Law and The Epistle to

Rabbi Solomon.

2 Rabbi Akiba. Author of a famous Kabbalistic work, the “Alphabet of R.A.”,

which treats every letter as a symbol of an idea and an emblem of some

sentiment; the Book of Enoch was originally a portion of this work, which

appeared at the close of the eighth century. It was not purely a Kabbalistic

treatise.

3 Rabbi Azariel ben Menachem (A.D. 1160). The author of the Commentary on the

Ten

Sephiroth, which is the oldest purely Kabbalistic work extant, setting aside the

Sepher Yetzirah, which although older, is not concerned with the Kabbalistic

Sephiroth. He was the pupil of Isaac the Blind, who is the reputed father of the

European Kabbalah, and he was the teacher of the equally famous R. Moses

Nachmanides.

4 Rabbi Moses Botarel (1480). Author of a famous commentary on the Sepher

Yetzirah; he taught that by ascetic life and the use of invocations, a man’s

dreams might be made prophetic.

5 Rabbi Chajim Vital (1600) ( The great exponent of the Kabbalah as taught R.

Isaac Loria : author of one of the most famous works, Otz Chiim, or Tree of

Life; from this Knorr von Rosenroth has taken the Book on the Rashith ha

Gilgalim, revolutions of souls, or scheme of reincarnations.

6 Rabbi Ibn Gebirol. A famous Hebrew Rabbi, author of the hymn Kether Malchuth,

or Royal Diadem, which appeared about 1050; it is a beautiful poem, embodying

the cosmic doctrines of Aristotle, and it even


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now forms part of the Jewish special service for the evening preceding the great

annual Day of Atonement (See Ginsburg and Sachs on the Religious Poetry of the

Spanish Jews). This author is also known as Avicebron.

7 Rabbi Gikatilla. A distinguished Kabbalist who flourished about 1300 : he

wrote the famous books, The Garden of Nuts, The Gate to the Vowel Points, The

mystery of the shining Metal, and The Gates of Righteousness. He laid especial

stress on the use of Gematria, Notaricon and Temura.

8 Rabbi Isaac the Blind of Posquiero. The first who publicly taught in Europe,

about A.D. 1200, the Theosophic doctrines of the Kabbalah.

9 Rabbi Loria (also written Luria, and also named Ari from his initials).

Founded a school of the Kabbalah circa 1560. He did not write any works, but his

disciples treasured up his teachings, and R. Chajim Vital published them.

10 Rabbi Moses Cordovero (A.D.1550). The author of several Kabbalistic works of

a wide reputation, viz., A Sweet Light, The Book of Retirement, and The Garden

of Pomegranates; this latter can be read in Latin in Knorr von Rosenroth’s

Kabbalah Denudata, entitled Tractatus de Animo, ex libro Pardes Rimmonim.

Cordovero is notable for an adherence to the strictly metaphysical part,

ignoring the wonder-working branch which Rabbi Sabbatai Zevi practised, and

almost perished in the pursuit of.

11 Rabbi Moses de Leon (circa 1290 A,D.). The editor and first publisher of the

Zohar, or “Splendour”, the most famous of all the Kabbalistic volumes, and

almost the only one of which any large part has been translated into English.

This Zohar is asserted to be in the main the production of the still more famous

Rabbi Simon ben Jochai, who lived in the reign of the Emperor Titus.

12 Rabbi Moses Maimonides (died 1304). A famous Hebrew Rabbi and author, who

condemned the use of charms and amulets, and objected to the Kabbalistic use of

the divine names.

13 Rabbi Sabbatai Zevi (born 1641). A very famous Kabbalist, who passing beyond

the dogma became of great reputation as a thaumaturgist, working wonders by the

divine names. Later in life he claimed Messiahship and fell into the hands of

the Sultan Mohammed IV. of Turkey, and would have been murdered, but saved his

life by adopting the Mohammedan religion. (See Jost on Judaism and its Sects.)

14 Rabbi Simon ben Jochai (circa A.D. 70-80). It is round this name that cluster

the mystery and poetry of the origin of the Kabbalah as a gift of the deity to

mankind. Tradition has it that the Kabbalah was a

 
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divine theosophy first taught by God to a company of angels, and that some

glimpses of its perfection were conferred upon Adam; that the wisdom passed from

him unto Noah; thence to Abraham, from whom the Egyptians of his era learned a

portion of the doctrine. Moses derived a partial initiation from the land of his

birth, and this was perfected by direct communications with the deity. From

Moses it passed to the seventy elders of the Jewish nation, and from them the

theosophic scheme was handed from generation to generation; David and Solomon

especially became masters of this concealed doctrine. No attempt, the legends

tell us, was made to commit the sacred knowledge to writing until the time of

the destruction of the second Temple by Titus, when Rabbi Simon ben Jochai,

escaping from the besieged Jerusalem, concealed himself in a cave, where he

remained for twelve years. Here he, a Kabbalist already, was further instructed

by the prophet Elias. Here Simon taught his disciples, and his chief pupils,

Rabbi Eliezer and Rabbi Abba, committed to writing those teachings which in

later ages became known as the Zohar, and were certainly published afresh in

Spain by Rabbi Moses de Leon, about 1280. A fierce contest has raged for

centuries between the learned Rabbis of Europe around the origin of the legend,

and it seems quite hopeless to expect ever to arrive at an accurate decision as

to what portion of the Zohar, if any, is as old as Simon ben Jochai. (See

“Zohar”.) [w.w.w.]

 

Râdhâ (Sk.). The shepherdess among the Gopis (shepherdesses) of Krishna, who was

the wife of the god.

 

Râga (Sk). One of the five Kleshas (afflictions) in Patânjali’s Yoga philosophy.

In Sânkhya Kârikâ, it is the “obstruction” called love and desire in the

physical or terrestrial sense. The five Kleshas are: Avidyâ, or ignorance;

Asmitâ, selfishness, or “I-am-ness” ; Râga, love; Dwesha, hatred; and

Abhinivesa, dread of suffering.

 

Ragnarök (Scand.). A kind of metaphysical entity called the “Destroyer” and the

“Twilight of the Gods”, the two-thirds of whom are destroyed at the “Last

Battle” in the Edda. Ragnarök lies in chains on the ledge of a rock so long as

there are some good men in the world; but when all laws are broken and all

virtue and good vanish from it, then Ragnarok will he unbound and allowed to

bring every imaginable evil and disaster on the doomed world.

 

Ragon, J. M. A French Mason, a distinguished writer and great symbologist, who

tried to bring Masonry back to its pristine purity. He was born at Bruges in

1789, was received when quite a boy into the Lodge and Chapter of the “Vrais

Amis”, and upon removing to Paris founded the Society of the Trinosophes. it is

rumoured that he was the possessor of a number of papers given to him by the

famous Count de


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St. Germain, from which he had all his remarkable knowledge upon early Masonry.

He died at Paris in 1866, leaving a quantity of books written by himself and

masses of MSS., which were bequeathed by him to the “Grand Orient”. Of the mass

of his published works very few are obtainable, while others have entirely

disappeared. This is due to mysterious persons (Jesuits, it is believed) who

hastened to buy up every edition they could find after his death. In short, his

works are now extremely rare.

 

Rahasya (Sk.). A name of the Upanishads. Lit., secret essence of knowledge.

 

Rahat. The same as “Arhat”; the adept who becomes entirely free from any desires

on this plane, by acquiring divine knowledge and powers.

 

Ra’hmin Seth (Heb.). According to the Kabala (or Qabbalah), the “soul-sparks”,

contained in Adam (Kadmon), went into three sources, the heads of which were his

three sons. Thus, while the “soul spark” (or Ego) called Chesed went into Habel,

and Geboor-ah into Qai-yin (Cain)—Ra’hmin went into Seth, and these three sons

were divided into seventy human species, called “the principal roots of the

human race”.

 

Râhu (Sk.). A Daitya (demon) whose lower parts were like a dragon’s tail. He

made himself immortal by robbing the gods of some Amrita— the elixir of divine

life—for which they were churning the ocean of milk. Unable to deprive him of

his immortality, Vishnu exiled him from the earth and made of him the

constellation Draco, his head being called Râhu and his tail

Ketu—astronomically, the ascending and descending nodes. With the latter

appendage he has ever since waged a destructive war on the denouncers of his

robbery, the sun and the moon, and (during the eclipses) is said to swallow

them. Of course the fable has a mystic and occult meaning.

 

Rahula (Sk.). The name of Gautama Buddha’s son.

 

Raibhyas (Sk.). A class of gods in the 5th Manvantara.

 

Raivata Manvantara (Sk.). The life-cycle presided over by Raivata Manu. As he is

the fifth of the fourteen Manus (in Esotercism, Dhyan Chohans), there being

seven root-Manus and seven seed-Manus for the seven Rounds of our terrestrial

chain of globes (See Esot. Buddhism by A. P. Sinnett, and the

Secret Doctrine, Vol.1., “Brahminical Chronology”), Raivata presided over the

third Round and was its root-Manu.

 

Râjâ (Sk.). A Prince or King in India.

 

Râjagriha (Sk.). A city in Magadha famous for its conversion to Buddhism in the

days of the Buddhist kings. It was their residence from Bimbisara to Asoka, and

was the seat of the first Synod, or Buddhist Council, held 510 B.C..


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Râjârshis (Sk.). The King-Rishis or King-Adepts, one of the three classes of

Rishis in India; the same as the King-Hierophants of ancient Egypt.

 

Râjas (Sk.). The “quality of foulness” (i.e., differentiation), and activity in

the Purânas. One of the three Gunas or divisions in the correlations of matter

and nature, representing form and change.

 

Rajasâs (Sk.). The elder Agnishwattas — the Fire-Pitris, “fire” standing as a

symbol of enlightenment and intellect.

 

Râja-Yoga (Sk.). The true system of developing psychic and spiritual powers and

union with one’s Higher Self—or the Supreme Spirit, as the profane express it.

The exercise, regulation and concentration of thought. Râja-Yoga is opposed to

Hatha-Yoga, the physical or psycho physiological training in asceticism.

 

Râkâ (Sk.). The day of the full moon: a day for occult practices.

 

Râkshâ (Sk.). An amulet prepared during the full or new moon.

 

Râkshasas (Sk.). Lit., “raw eaters”, and in the popular superstition evil

spirits, demons. Esoterically, however, they are the Gibborim (giants) of the

Bible, the Fourth Race or the Atlanteans.

(See Secret Doctrine, II., 165.)

 

Râkshasi-Bhâshâ (Sk.). Lit., the language of the Râkshasas. In reality, the

speech of the Atlanteans, our gigantic forefathers of the fourth Root-race.

 

Ram Mohum Roy (Sk.). The well-known Indian reformer who came to England in 1833

and died there.

 

Râma (Sk.). The seventh avatar or incarnation of Vishnu; the eldest son of King

Dasaratha, of the Solar Race. His full name is Râma-Chandra, and he is the hero

of the Râmâyana. He married Sîta, who was the female avatar of Lakshmi, Vishnu’s

wife, and was carried away by Râvana the Demon-King of Lanka, which act led to

the famous war.

 

 

Râmâyana (Sk.). The famous epic poem collated with the Mahâbhârata. It looks as

if this poem was either the original of the Iliad or vice versa, except that in

Râmâyana the allies of Râma are monkeys, led by Hanuman, and monster birds and

other animals, all of whom fight against the Râkshasas, or demons and giants of

Lankâ.

 

Râsa (Sk.). The mystery-dance performed by Krishna and his Gopis, the

shepherdesses, represented in a yearly festival to this day, especially in

Râjastan. Astronomically it is Krishna—the Sun—around whom circle the planets

and the signs of the Zodiac symbolised by the Gopis. The same as the

“circle-dance” of the Amazons around the priapic image, and the dance of the

daughters of Shiloh (Judges xxi.), and that of


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King David around the ark. (See Isis Unveiled, II., pp. 45, 331 and 332.)

 

Râshi (Sk.). An astrological division, the sixth, relating to Kanya (Virgo) the

sixth sign in the Zodiac.

 

Rashi-Chakra (Sk.), The Zodiac.

 

Rasit (Heb.). Wisdom.

 

 

Rasollâsâ (Sk.). The first of the eight physical perfections, or Siddhis

(phenomena), of the Hatha Yogis. Rasollâsâ is the prompt evolution at will of

the juices of the body independently of any nutriment from without.

 

Rasshoo (Eg.). The solar fires formed in and out of the primordial “waters”, or

substance, of Space.

 

Ratnâvabhâsa Kalpa (Sk.). The age in which all sexual difference will have

ceased to exist, and birth will take place in the Anupâdaka mode, as in the

second and third Root-races. Esoteric philosophy teaches that it will take place

at the end of the sixth and during the seventh and last Root-race in this Round.

 

Râtri (Sk.). Night; the body Brahmâ assumed for purposes of creating the

Râkshasas or alleged giant-demons.

 

Raumasa (Sk.). A class of devas (gods) said to have originated from the pores of

Verabhadra’s skin. An allusion to the pre-Adamic race called the “sweat-born”.

(Secret Doctrine, Vol. II.)

 

Ravail. The true name of the Founder of modern Spiritism in France, who is

better known under the pseudonym of Allan Kardec.

 

Râvana (Sk.). The King-Demon (the Râkshasas), the Sovereign of Lankâ (Ceylon),

who carried away Sîta, Râma’s wife, which led to the great war described in the

Râmâyana.

 

Ravi (Sk.). A name of the Sun.

 

Rechaka (Sk.). A practice in Hatha Yoga, during the performance of Prânâyâma or

the regulation of breath : namely, that of opening one nostril and emitting

breath therefrom, and keeping the other closed; one of the three operations

respectively called Pûraka, Kumbhaka and Rechaka—operations very pernicious to

health.

 

Red Colour. This has always been associated with male characteristics,

especially by the Etruscans and Hindoos. In Hebrew it is Adam, the same as the

word for “earth” and “the first man”. It seems that nearly all myths represent

the first perfect man as white. The same word without the initial A is Dam or

Dem, which means Blood, also of red colour. [w.w.w.]

The colour of the fourth Principle in man—Kâma, the seat of desires is

represented red.

 
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Reincarnation. The doctrine of rebirth, believed in by Jesus and the Apostles,

as by all men in those days, but denied now by the Christians. All the Egyptian

converts to Christianity, Church Fathers and others, believed in this doctrine,

as shown by the writings of several. In the still existing symbols, the

human-headed bird flying towards a mummy, a body, or “the soul uniting itself

with its sahou (glorified body of the Ego, and also the kâmalokic shell) proves

this belief. “The song of the Resurrection” chanted by Isis to recall her dead

husband to life, might be translated “Song of Rebirth”, as Osiris is collective

Humanity. “Oh! Osiris [here follows the name of the Osirified mummy, or the

departed], rise again in holy earth (matter), august mummy in the coffin, under

thy corporeal substances”, was the funeral prayer of the priest over the

deceased. “Resurrection” with the Egyptians never meant the resurrection of the

 

mutilated mummy, but of the Soul that informed it, the Ego in a new body. The

putting on of flesh periodically by the Soul or the Ego, was a universal belief;

nor can anything be more consonant with justice and Karmic law. (See

“Pre-existence”.)

 

 

Rekh-get-Amen (Eg.). The name of the priests, hierophants, and teachers of

Magic, who, according to Lenormant, Maspero, the Champollions, etc., etc.,

“could levitate, walk the air, live under water, sustain great pressure,

harmlessly suffer mutilation, read the past, foretell the future, make

themselves invisible, and cure diseases” (Bonwick, Religion of Magic). And the

same author adds: “Admission to the mysteries did not confer magical powers.

These depended upon two things: the possession of innate capacities, and the

knowledge of certain formulæ employed under suitable circumstances”. Just the

same as it is now.

 

Rephaim (Heb.). Spectres, phantoms. (Secret Doctrine, II., 279.)

 

Resha-havurah (Heb., Kab.). Lit., the “White Head”, from which flows the fiery

fluid of life and intelligence in three hundred and seventy streams, in all the

directions of the Universe. The “White Head” is the first Sephira, the Crown, or

first active light.

 

Reuchlin, John. Nicknamed the “Father of the Reformation”; the friend of Pico di

Mirandola, the teacher and instructor of Erasmus, of Luther and Melancthon. He

was a great Kabbalist and Occultist.

 

Rig Veda (Sk.). The first and most important of the four Vedas. Fabled to have

been “created” from the Eastern mouth of Brahmâ; recorded in Occultism as having

been delivered by great sages on Lake Man(a)saravara beyond the Himalayas,

dozens of thousands of years ago.

 

Rik (Sk.). A verse of Rig-Veda.


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Riksha (Sk.). Each of the twenty-seven constellations forming the Zodiac. Any

fixed star, or constellation of stars.

 

Rimmon (Heb.). A Pomegranate, the type of abundant fertility; occurs in the Old

Testament; it figures in Syrian temples and was deified there, as an emblem of

 

the celestial prolific mother of all; also a type of the full womb. [w.w.w.]

 

Rings, Magic. These existed as talismans in every folk-lore. In Scandinavia such

rings are always connected with the elves and dwarfs who were alleged to be the

possessors of talismans and who gave them occasionally to human beings whom they

wished to protect. In the words of the chronicler: “These magic rings brought

good luck to the owner so long as they were carefully preserved ; but their loss

was attended with terrible misfortunes and unspeakable misery”.

 

Rings and Rounds. Terms employed by Theosophists in explanation of Eastern

cosmogony. They are used to denote the various evolutionary cycles in the

Elemental, Mineral, &c., Kingdoms, through which the Monad passes on any one

globe, the term Round being used only to denote the cyclic passage of the Monad

round the complete chain of seven globes. Generally speaking, Theosophists use

the term ring as a synonym of cycles, whether cosmic, geological, metaphysical

or any other.

 

Riphæus (Gr.). In mythology a mountain chain upon which slept the frozen-hearted

god of snows and hurricanes. In Esoteric philosophy a real prehistoric continent

which from a tropical ever sunlit land has now become a desolate region beyond

the Arctic Circle.

 

Rishabha (Sk.). A sage supposed to have been the first teacher of the Jain

doctrines in India.

 

Rishabham (Sk). The Zodiacal sign Taurus.

 

Rishi-Prajâpati (Sk.). Lit., “revealers”, holy sages in the religious history of

Âryavarta. Esoterically the highest of them are the Hierarchies of “Builders”

and Architects of the Universe and of living things on earth; they are generally

called Dhyan Chohans, Devas and gods.

 

Rishis (Sk.). Adepts; the inspired ones. In Vedic literature the term is

employed to denote those persons through whom the various Mantras were revealed.

 

Ri-thlen. Lit., “snake-keeping”. It is a terrible kind of sorcery practised at

Cherrapoonjee in the Khasi-Hills. The former is the ancient capital of the

latter. As the legend tells us : ages ago a thlen (serpent-dragon) which

inhabited a cavern and devoured men and cattle was put to death by a local St.

George, and cut to pieces, every piece being sent out to a different district to

be burnt. But the piece received


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by the Khasis was preserved by them and became a kind of household god, and

their descendants developed into Ri-thlens or “snake keepers”, for the piece

they preserved grew into a dragon (thlen) and ever since has obsessed certain

Brahmin families of that district. To acquire the good grace of their thlen and

save their own lives, these “keepers” have often to commit murders of women and

children, from whose bodies they cut out the toe and finger nails, which they

bring to their thlen, and thus indulge in a number of black magic practices

connected with sorcery and necromancy.

 

Roger Bacon. A very famous Franciscan monk who lived in England in the

thirteenth century. He was an Alchemist who firmly believed in the existence of

the Philosopher’s Stone, and was a great mechanician, chemist, physicist and

astrologer. In his treatise on the Admirable Force of Art and Nature, he gives

hints about gunpowder and predicts the use of steam as a propelling power,

describing besides the hydraulic press, the diving-bell and the kaleidoscope. He

also made a famous brazen head fitted with an acoustic apparatus which gave out

oracles.

 

Ro and Ru (Eg.). The gate or outlet, the spot in the heavens whence proceeded or

was born primeval light; synonymous with “cosmic womb”.

 

Rohinilâ (Sk.). The ancient name of a monastery visited by Buddha Sâkyamuni, now

called Roynallah, near Balgada, in Eastern Behar.

 

Rohit (Sk.). A female deer, a hind; the form assumed by Vâch (the female Logos

and female aspect of Brahmâ who created her out of one half of his body) to

escape the amorous pursuits of her “father”, who transformed himself for that

purpose into a buck or red deer (the colour of Brahmâ being red).

 

Rohitaka Stupa (Sk.). The “red stupa”, or dagoba, built by King Asoka, and on

which Maitribala-râjâ fed starving Yakshas with his blood. The Yakshas are

inoffensive demons (Elementaries) called pynya-janas or “good people”.

 

Rosicrucians (Mys.). The name was first given to the disciples of a learned

Adept named Christian Rosenkreuz, who flourished in Germany, circa 1460. He

founded an Order of mystical students whose early history is to be found in the

German work, Fama Fraternitatis (1614), which has been published in several

languages. The members of the Order maintained their secrecy, but traces of them

have been found in various places every half century since these dates. The

Societas Rosicruciana in Anglia is a Masonic Order, which has adopted membership

in the “outer”; the Chabrath Zereh Aur Bokher, or Order of the G. D., which has

a very complete scheme of initiation into the Kabbalah and the Higher Magic of

the Western or Hermetic type, and admits both


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sexes, is a direct descendant from mediæval sodalities of Rosicrucians,

themselves descended from the Egyptian Mysteries. [w.w.w.]

 

Rostan. Book of the Mysteries of Rostan; an occult work in manuscript.

 

Rowhanee (Eg.) or Er-Roohanee. is the Magic of modern Egypt, supposed to proceed

from Angels and Spirits, that is Genii, and by the use of the mystery names of

Allah; they distinguish two forms—Ilwee, that is the Higher or White Magic; and

Suflee and Sheytanee, the Lower or Black Demoniac Magic. There is also

Es-Seemuja, which is deception or conjuring. Opinions differ as to the

importance of a branch of Magic called Darb el Mendel, or as Barker calls it in

English, the Mendal: by this is meant a form of artificial clairvoyance,

exhibited by a young boy before puberty, or a virgin, who, as the result of

self-fascination by gazing on a pool of ink in the hand, with coincident use of

incense and incantation, sees certain scenes of real life passing over its

surface. Many Eastern travellers have narrated instances, as E. W. Lane in his

Modern Egyptians and his Thousand and One Nights, and E. B. Barker; the

incidents have been introduced also into many works of fiction, such as

Marryat’s Phantom Ship, and a similar idea is interwoven with the story of Rose

Mary and the Beryl stone, a poem by Rossetti. For a superficial attempt at

explanation, see the Quarterly Review, No.117. [w.w.w.]

 

Ruach (Heb.). Air, also Spirit; the Spirit, one of the “human principles”

(Buddhi-Manas).

 

Ruach Elohim (Heb.). The Spirit of the gods; corresponds to the Holy Ghost of

the Christians. Also the wind, breath and rushing water. [w.w.w.]

 

Rudra (Sk.). A title of Siva, the Destroyer.

 

Rudras (Sk.). The mighty ones; the lords of the three upper worlds. One of the

classes of the “fallen” or incarnating spirits; they are all born of Brahmâ.

 

Runes (Scand.). The Runic language and characters are the mystery or sacerdotal

tongue and alphabet of the ancient Scandinavians. Runes are derived from the

word rûna (secret). Therefore both language and character could neither be

understood nor interpreted without having the key to it. Hence while the written

runes consisting of sixteen letters are known, the ancient ones composed of

marks and signs are indecipherable. They are called the magic characters. “It is

clear”, says E. W. Anson, an authority on the folk-lore of the Norsemen, “that

the runes were from various causes regarded even in Germany proper as full of

mystery and endowed with supernatural power”. They are said to have been

invented by Odin.


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Rûpa (Sk.). Body; any form, applied even to the forms of the gods, which are

subjective to us.

 

Ruta (Sk.). The name of one of the last islands of Atlantis, which perished ages

before Poseidonis, the “Atlantis” of Plato.

 

Rutas (Sk.). An ancient people that inhabited the above island or continent in

the Pacific Ocean.

 

                         

S  


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S—The nineteenth letter; numerically, sixty. In Hebrew it is the fifteenth

letter, Samech, held as holy because “the sacred name of god is Samech”. Its

symbol is a prop, or a pillar, and a phallic egg. In occult geometry it is

represented as a circle quadrated by a cross, . In the Kabbalah the “divisions

of

Gan-Eden or paradise” are similarly divided.

 

Sa or Hea (Chald.). The synthesis of the seven Gods in Babylonian mythology.

 

Sabalâswâs (Sk.). Sons of Daksha (Secret Doctrine, II., 275).

 

Sabao (Gr.). The Gnostic name of the genius of Mars.

 

Sabaoth (Heb.). An army or host, from Sâbô go to war; hence the name of the

fighting god—the

“ Lord of Sabaoth ”.

 

Sabda (Sk.). The Word, or Logos.

 

Sabda Brahmam (Sk.). “The Unmanifested Logos.” The Vedas; “Ethereal Vibrations

diffused throughout Space ”.

 

Sabhâ (Sk.). An assembly; a place for meetings, social or political. Also

Mahâsabhâ , “the bundle of wonderful (mayavic or illusionary) things” the gift

of Mayâsur to the Pândavas (Mahâbhârata.)

 

Sabianism. The religion of the ancient Chaldees. The latter believing in one

impersonal, universal, deific Principle, never mentioned It, but offered worship

to the solar, lunar, and planetary gods and rulers, regarding the stars and

other celestial bodies as their respective symbols.

 

Sabians. Astrolaters, so called; those who worshipped the stars, or rather their

“regents ”.

(See “ Sabianism ”.)

 

Sacha Kiriya (Sk.). A power with the Buddhists akin to a magic mantram with the

Brahmans. It is a miraculous energy which can be exercised by any adept, whether

priest or layman, and “most efficient when accompanied by bhâwanâ ”

(meditation). It consists in a recitation of one’s “acts of merit done either in

this or some former birth”—as the Rev. Mr. Hardy thinks and puts it, but in

reality it depends on the intensity of one’s will, added to an absolute faith in

one’s own powers, whether of yoga—willing—or of prayer, as in the case of

Mussulmans and Christians. Sacha means “true”, and Kiriyang, “action”. It is the

power of merit, or of a saintly life.


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Sacrarium (Lat.). The name of the room in the houses of the ancient Romans,

which contained the particular deity worshipped by the family; also the adytum

of a temple.

 

Sacred Heart. In Egypt, of Horus; in Babylon, of the god Bel; and the lacerated

heart of Bacchusin Greece and elsewhere. Its symbol was the persea. The

pear-like shape of its fruit, and of its kernel especially, resembles the heart

in form. It is sometimes seen on the head of Isis, the mother of Horus, the

fruit being cut open and the heart-like kernel exposed to full view. The Roman

Catholics have since adopted the worship of the “sacred heart” of Jesus and of

the Virgin Mary.

 

Sacred Science. The name given to the inner esoteric philosophy, the secrets

taught in days of old to the initiated candidates, and divulged during the last

and supreme Initiation by the Hierophants.

 

Sadaikarûpa (Sk.). The essence of the immutable nature.

 

Sadducees. A sect, the followers of one Zadok, a disciple of Anti-gonus Saccho.

They are accused of having denied the immortality of the (personal) soul and

that of the resurrection of the (physical and personal) body. Even so do the

Theosophists; though they deny neither the immortality of the Ego nor the

resurrection of all its numerous and successive lives, which survive in the

memory of the Ego. But together with the Sadducees—a sect of learned

philosophers who were to all the other Jews that which the polished and learned

Gnostics were to the rest of the Greeks during the early centuries of our era—we

certainly deny the immortality of the animal soul and the resurrection of the

physical body. The Sadducees were the scientists and the learned men of

Jerusalem, and held the highest offices, such as of high priests and judges,

while the Pharisees were almost from first to last the Pecksniffs of Judæa.

 

Sâdhyas (Sk.). One of the names of the “twelve great gods” created by Brahmâ.

Kosmic gods; lit., “divine sacrificers”. The Sâdhyas are important in Occultism.

 

Sadik. The same as the Biblical Melchizedec, identified by the mystic

Bible-worshippers with Jehovah, and Jesus Christ. But Father Sadik’s identity

with Noah being proven, he can be further identified with Kronos-Saturn.

 

Safekh (Eg.). Written also Sebek and Sebakh, god of darkness and night, with the

crocodile for his emblem. In the Typhonic legend and transformation he is the

same as Typhon. He is connected with both Osiris and Horus, and is their great

enemy on earth. We find him often called the “triple crocodile ”. In astronomy

he is the same as Mâkâra or Capricorn, the most mystical of the signs of the

Zodiac.

 

Saga (Scand.). The goddess “who sings of the deeds of gods and


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heroes ”, and to whom the black ravens of Odin reveal the history of the Past

and of the Future in the Norsemen’s Edda.

 

Sâgara (Sk.). Lit., “the Ocean”; a king, the father of 6o,ooo Sons, who, for

disrespect shown to the sage Kapila, were reduced to ashes by a single glance of

his eye.

 

Sagardagan. One of the four paths to Nirvana.

 

Saha (Sk.). “The world of suffering”; any inhabited world in the chilio-cosmos.

 

Sahampati (Sk.). Maha or Parabrahm.

 

Saharaksha (Sk.). The fire of the Asuras; the name of a son of Pavamâna, one of

the three chief occult fires.

 

Saint Martin, Louis Claude de. Born in France (Amboise), in 1743. A great mystic

and writer, who pursued his philosophical and theosophical studies at Paris,

during the Revolution. He was an ardent disciple of Jacob Boehme, and studied

under Martinez Paschalis, finally founding a mystical semi-Masonic Lodge, “the

Rectified Rite of St. Martin ”, with seven degrees. He was a true Theosophist.

At the present moment some ambitious charlatans in Paris are caricaturing him

and passing themselves off as initiated Martinists, and thus dishonouring the

name of the late Adept.

 

Sais (Eg.). The place where the celebrated temple of Isis-Neith was found,

wherein was the ever-veiled statue of Neith (Neith and Isis being

interchangeable), with the famous inscription, “I am all that has been, and is,

and shall be, and my peplum no mortal has withdrawn ”. (See “Sirius”.)

 

Saka (Sk.). Lit., “the One”, or the Ekas; used of the “Dragon of Wisdom” or the

manifesting deities, taken collectively.

 

Saka (Sk.). According to the Orientalists the same as the classical Sacæ. It is

during the reign of their King Yudishtira that the Kali Yuga began.

 

Sâka Dwîpa (Sk.). One of the seven islands or continents mentioned in the

Purânas (ancient works).

 

Sakkayaditthi. Delusion of personality; the erroneous idea that “I am I ”, a man

or a woman with a special name, instead of being an inseparable part of the

whole.

 

Sakradagamin (Sk.). Lit., “he who will receive birth (only) once more” before

Nirvâna is reached by him; he who has entered the second of the four paths which

lead to Nirvana and has almost reached perfection.

 

Sakshi (Sk.). The name of the hare, who in the legend of the” moon


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and the hare” threw himself into the fire to save some starving pilgrims who

would not kill him. For this sacrifice Indra is said to have transferred him to

the centre of the moon.

 

Sakti (Sk.). The active female energy of the gods; in popular Hinduism, their

wives and goddesses; in Occultism, the crown of the astral light. Force and the

six forces of nature synthesized. Universal Energy.

 

Sakti-Dhara (Sk.). Lit., the “Spear-holder ”, a title given to Kartikeya for

killing Târaka, a Daitya or giant-demon. The latter, demon though he was, seems

to have been such a great Yogin, owing to his religious austerities and

holiness, that he made all the gods tremble before him. This makes of Kartikeya,

the war god, a kind of St. Michael.

 

Sakwala. This is a bana or “word” uttered by Gautama Buddha in his oral

instructions. Sakwala is a mundane, or rather a solar system, of which there is

an infinite number in the universe, and which denotes that space to which the

light of every sun extends. Each Sakwala contains earths, hells and heavens

(meaning good and bad spheres, our earth being considered as hell, in

Occultism); attains its prime, then falls into decay and is finally destroyed at

regularly recurring periods, in virtue of one immutable law. Upon the earth, the

Master taught that there have been already four great “continents” (the Land of

the Gods, Lemuria, Atlantis, and the present “continent” divided into five parts

of the Secret Doctrine), and that three more have to appear. The former did not

communicate with each other ”, a sentence showing that Buddha was not speaking

of the actual continents known in his day (for Pâtâla or America was perfectly

familiar to the ancient Hindus), but of the four geological formations of the

earth, with their four distinct root-races which had already disappeared.

 

Sâkya (Sk.). A patronymic of Gautama Buddha.

 

Sâkyamuni Buddha (Sk.). A name of the founder of Buddhism, the great Sage, the

Lord Gautama.

 

Salamanders. The Rosicrucian name for the Elementals of Fire. The animal, as

well as its name, is of most occult significance, and is widely used in poetry.

The name is almost identical in all languages. Thus, in Greek, Latin, French,

Spanish, Italian, etc., it is Salamandra, in Persian Samandel, and in Sanskrit

Salamandala.

 

Salmalî (Sk.). One of the seven zones; also a kind of tree.

 

Sama (Sk.). One of the bhâva pushpas, or “flowers of sanctity Sama is the fifth,

or “resignation”. There are eight such flowers, namely: clemency or charity,

self-restraint, affection (or love for others), patience, resignation, devotion,

meditation and veracity. Sama is also the repression of any mental perturbation,


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Sâma Veda (Sk.). Lit., “the Scripture, or Shâstra, of peace”. One of the four

Vedas.

 

Samâdhâna (Sk.). That state in which a Yogi can no longer diverge from the path

of spiritual progress; when everything terrestrial, except the visible body, has

ceased to exist for him.

 

Samâdhi (Sk.). A state of ecstatic and complete trance. The term comes from the

words Sam-âdha, “self-possession ”. He who possesses this power is able to

exercise an absolute control over all his faculties, physical or mental; it is

 

the highest state of Yoga.

 

Samâdhindriya (Sk.). Lit., “the root of concentration”; the fourth of the five

roots called Pancha Indriyâni, which are said in esoteric philosophy to be the

agents in producing a highly moral life, leading to sanctity and liberation ;

when these are reached, the two spiritual roots lying latent in the body (Atmâ

and Buddhi) will send out shoots and blossom. Samâdhindriya is the organ of

ecstatic meditation in

Râj-yoga practices.

 

Samael (Heb.). The Kabbalistic title of the Prince of those evil spirits who

represent incarnations of human vices; the angel of Death. From this the idea of

Satan has been evolved. [w.w.w.]

 

Samajna (Sk.). Lit., “an enlightened (or luminous) Sage ”. Translated verbally,

Samgharana Samajna, the famous Vihâra near Kustana (China), means “the monastery

of the luminous Sage”.

 

Samâna (Sk.). One of the five breaths (Prânas) which carry on the chemical

action in the animal body.

 

Sâmanêra. A novice; a postulant for the Buddhist priesthood.

 

Samanta Bhadra (Sk.). Lit., “Universal Sage ”. The name of one of the four

Bodhisattvas of the Yogâchârya School, of the Mâhâyana (the Great Vehicle) of

Wisdom of that system. There are four terrestrial and three celestial

Bodhisattvas: the first four only act in the present races, but in the middle of

the fifth Root-race appeared the fifth Bodhisattva, who, according to an

esoteric legend, was Gautama Buddha, but who, having appeared too early, had to

disappear bodily from the world for a while.

 

Sâmanta Prabhâsa (Sk.). Lit., “universal brightness” or dazzling light. The name

under which each of the 500 perfected Arhats reappears on earth as Buddha.

 

Sâmânya (Sk.). Community, or commingling of qualities, an abstract notion of

genus, such as humanity.

 

Samâpatti (Sk.). Absolute concentration in Râja-Yoga; the process of development

by which perfect indifference (Sams) is reached (apatti).


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This state is the last stage of development before the possibility of entering

into Samâdhi is reached.

 

Samaya (Sk.). A religious precept.

 

S’ambhala (Sk). A very mysterious locality on account of its future

associations. A town or village mentioned in the Purânas, whence, it is

prophesied, the Kalki Avatar will appear. The “Kalki”is Vishnu, the Messiah on

the White Horse of the Brahmins; Maitreya Buddha of the Buddhists, Sosiosh of

the Parsis, and Jesus of the Christians (See Revelations). All these “

messengers” are to appear “ before the destruction of the world “, says the one;

before the end of Kali Yuga say the others. It is in S’ambhala that the future

Messiah will be born. Some Orientalists make modern Murâdâbâd in Rohilkhand

(N.W.P.) identical with S’ambhala, while Occultism places it in the Himalayas.

It is pronounced Shambhala.

 

Sambhogakâya (Sk.). One of the three “Vestures” of glory, or bodies, obtained by

ascetics on the “Path”. Some sects hold it as the second, while others as the

third of the Buddhahshêtras; or forms of Buddha. Lit., the “Body of

Compensation” (See Voice of the Silence, Glossary iii). Of such Buddhakshêtras

there are seven, those of Nirmanakâya, Sambhogakáya and Dharmakâya, belonging to

the Trikâya, or three-fold quality.

 

Samgha (Sk.). The corporate assembly, or a quorum of priests; called also

Bhikshu Samgha; the word “church” used in translation does not at all express

the real meaning.

 

Samkhara (Pali). One of the five Shandhas or attributes in Buddhism.

 

Samkhara (Pali). “Tendencies of mind” (See“ Skandhas”).

 

Samma Sambuddha (Pali). The recollection of all of one’s past incarnations; a

yoga phenomenon.

 

Samma Sambuddha (Pali). A title of the Lord Buddha, the “Lord of meekness and

resignation”; it means “perfect illumination ”.

 

Samothrace (Gr.). An island famous for its Mysteries, perhaps the oldest ever

established in our present race. The Samothracian Mysteries were renowned all

over the world.

 

Samothraces (Gr.). A designation of the Five gods worshipped at the island of

that name during the Mysteries. They are considered as identical with the

Cabeiri, Dioscuri and Corybantes. Their names were mystical, denoting Pluto,

Ceres or Proserpine, Bacchus and Æsculapius, or Hermes.

 

Sampajnâna (Sk.). A power of internal illumination.

 

Samskâra (Sk.). Lit., from Sam and Krî, to improve, refine, impress. In Hindu

philosophy the term is used to denote the impressions left upon


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the mind by individual actions or external circumstances, and capable of being

developed on any future favourable occasion—even in a future birth. The Samskâra

denotes, therefore, the germs of propensities and impulses from previous births

to be developed in this, or the coming janmâs or reincarnations. In Tibet,

Samskâra is called Doodyed, and in China is defined as, or at least connected

with, action or Karma. It is, strictly speaking, a metaphysical term, which in

exoteric philosophies is variously defined; e.g., in Nepaul as illusion, in

Tibet as notion, and in Ceylon as discrimination. The true meaning is as given

above, and as such is connected with Karma and its working.

 

Samtan (Tib.). The same as Dhyâna or meditation.

 

Samvara (Sk.). A deity worshipped by the Tantrikas.

 

Samvarta (Sk.). A minor Kalpa. A period in creation after which a partial

annihilation of the world occurs.

 

Samvartta Kalpa (Sk.). The Kalpa or period of destruction, the same as Pralaya.

Every root-race and sub-race is subject to such Kalpas of destruction; the fifth

root-race having sixty-four such

Cataclysms periodically; namely: fifty-six by fire, seven by water, and one

small Kalpa by winds or cyclones.

 

Samvat (Sk.). The name of an Indian chronological era, supposed to have

commenced fifty-seven years B.C.

 

Samvriti (Sk.). False conception—the origin of illusion.

 

Samvritisatya (Sk.). Truth mixed with false conceptions (Samvriti); the reverse

of absolute truth—or Paramârthasatya, self-consciousness in absolute truth or

reality.

 

Samyagâjiva (Sk.). Mendicancy for religious purposes: the correct profession. It

is the fourth Mârga (path), the vow of poverty, obligatory on every Arhat and

monk.

 

Samyagdrishti (Sk.). The ability to discuss truth. The first of the eight Mârga

(paths) of the ascetic.

 

Samyakkarmânta (Sk.). The last of the eight Mârgas. Strict purity and observance

of honesty, disinterestedness and unselfishness, the characteristic of every

Arhat.

 

Samyaksamâdhi (Sk.). Absolute mental coma. The sixth of the eight Mârgas; the

full attainment of Samâdhi.

 

Samyaksambuddha (Sk.) or Sammâsambuddha as pronounced in Ceylon. Lit., the

Buddha of correct and harmonious knowledge, and the third of the ten titles of

Sâkyamuni.

 

Samyattaka Nikaya (Pali). A Buddhist work composed mostly of dialogues between

Buddha and his disciples.


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Sana (Sk.). One of the three esoteric Kumâras, whose names are Sana, Kapila and

Sanatsujâta, the mysterious triad which contains the mystery of generation and

reincarnation.

 

Sana or Sanaischara (Sk.). The same as Sani or Saturn the planet. In the Hindu

Pantheon he is the son of Surya, the Sun, and of Sanjna, Spiritual

Consciousness, who is the daughter of Visva-Karman, or rather of Chhâyâ the

shadow left behind by Sanjna. Sanaischara, the “slow- moving ”.

 

Sanaka (Sk.). A sacred plant, the fibres of which are woven into yellow robes

for Buddhist priests.

 

Sanat Kumâra (Sk.). The most prominent of the seven Kumâras, the Vaidhâtra the

first of which are called Sanaka, Sananda, Sanâtana and Sanat Kumâra; which

names are all significant qualifications of the degrees of human intellect.

 

Sanat Sujâtîya (Sk.). A work treating of Krishna’s teachings, such as in

Bhagavad Gitâ and Anugîta.

 

Sancha-Dwîpa (Sk.). One of the seven great islands Sapta-Dwîpa.

 

Sanchoniathon (Gr.). A pre-christian writer on Phœnician Cosmogony, whose works

are no longer extant. Philo Byblus gives only the so-called fragments of

Sanchoniathon.

 

Sandalphon (Heb.). The Kabbalistic Prince of Angels, emblematically represented

by one of the Cherubim of the Ark.

 

Sandhyâ (Sk.). A period between two Yugas, morning-evening; anything coming

between and joining two others. Lit., “twilight”; the period between a full

Manvantara, or a “Day ”, and a full Pralaya or a “Night of  Brahmâ”.

 

Sandhyâmsa (Sk.). A period following a Yuga.

 

Sanghai Dag-po (Tib.). The “concealed Lord”; a title of those who have merged

into, and identified themselves with, the Absolute. Used of the “ Nirvânees” and

the “Jîvanmuktas

 

Sangye Khado (Sk.). The Queen of the Khado or female genii; the Dâkini of the

Hindus and the Lilith of the Hebrews.

 

Sanjnâ (Sk.). Spiritual Consciousness. The wife of Surya, the Sun.

 

Sankara (Sk.). The name of Siva. Also a great Vedantic philosopher.

 

Sânkhya (Sk.). The system of philosophy founded by Kapila Rishi, a system of

analytical metaphysics, and one of the six Darshanas or schools of philosophy.

It discourses on numerical categories and the meaning of the twenty-five tatwas

(the forces of nature in various degrees). This “atomistic school”, as some call

it, explains nature by the inter-


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action of twenty-four elements with purusha (spirit) modified by the three gunas

(qualities), teaching the eternity of pradhâna (primordial, homogeneous matter),

or the self-transformation of nature and the eternity of the human Egos.

 

Sânkhya Kârikâ (Sk.). A work by Kapila, containing his aphorisms.

 

Sânkhya Yoga (Sk.). The system of Yoga as set forth by the above school.

 

Sanna (Pali). One of the five Skandhas, namely the attribute of abstract ideas.

 

Sannyâsi (Sk.). A Hindu ascetic who has reached the highest mystic knowledge;

whose mind is fixed only upon the supreme truth, and who has entirely renounced

everything terrestrial and worldly.

 

Sansâra (Sk.). Lit., “rotation”; the ocean of births and deaths. Human rebirths

represented as a continuous circle, a wheel ever in motion.

 

Sanskrit (Sk.). The classical language of the Brahmans, never known nor spoken

in its true systematized form (given later approximately by Pânini), except by

the initiated Brahmans, as it was

pre-eminently “a mystery language”. It has now degenerated into the so-called

Prâkrita.

 

Santa (Sk.). Lit., “placidity ”. The primeval quality of the latent,

undifferentiated state of elementary matter.

 

Santatih (Sk.). The “offspring.”

 

Saphar (Heb.). Sepharim; one of those called in the Kabbalah— Sepher, Saphar and

Sipur, or “Number, Numbers and Numbered ”, by whose agency the world was formed.

 

Sapta (Sk.). Seven.

 

Sapta Buddhaka (Sk.). An account in Mahânidâna Sûtra of Sapta Buddha, the seven

Buddhas of our Round, of which Gautama Sâkyamuni is esoterically the fifth, and

exoterically, as a blind, the seventh.

 

Sapta Samudra (Sk.). The “seven oceans ”. These have an occult significance on a

higher plane.

 

Sapta Sindhava (Sk.). The “seven sacred rivers ”. A Vedic term. In Zend works

they are called Hapta Heando. These rivers are closely united with the esoteric

teachings of the Eastern schools, having a very occult significance.

 

Sapta Tathâgata (Sk.). The chief seven Nirmânakâyas among the numberless ancient

world-guardians. Their names are inscribed on a heptagonal pillar kept in a

secret chamber in almost all Buddhist temples in China and Tibet. The

Orientalists are wrong in thinking that these are “the seven Buddhist

substitutes for the Rishis of the Brahmans.” (See “Tathâgata-gupta”).


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Saptadwîpa (Sk.). The seven sacred islands or “continents” in the Purânas.

 

Saptaloka (Sk.). The seven higher regions, beginning from the earth upwards.

 

Saptaparna (Sk.). The “sevenfold”. A plant which gave its name to a famous cave,

a Vihâra, in Râjâgriha, now near Buddhagaya, where the Lord Buddha used to

meditate and teach his Arhats, and where after his death the first Synod was

held. This cave had seven chambers, whence the name. In Esotericism Saptaparna

is the symbol of the “seven fold Man-Plant”.

 

Saptarshi (Sk.). The seven Rishis. As stars they are the constellation of ‘the

Great Bear, and called as such the Riksha and Chitrasikhandinas, bright-crested.

 

Sar or Saros (Chald.). A Chaldean god from whose name, represented by a circular

horizon, the Greeks borrowed their word Saros, the cycle.

 

Saramâ (Sk.). In the Vedas, the dog of Indra and mother of the two dogs called

Sârameyas. Saramâ is the “divine watchman” of the god and the same as he who

watched “over the golden flock of stars and solar rays”; the same as Mercury,

the planet, and the Greek Hermes, called Sârameyas.

 

Saraph (Heb.). A flying serpent.

 

Sarasvati (Sk.). The same as Vâch, wife and daughter of Brahmâ produced from one

of the two halves of his body. She is the goddess of speech and of sacred or

esoteric knowledge and wisdom. Also called Sri.

 

Sarcophagus (Gr.). A stone tomb, a receptacle for the dead; sarc = flesh, and

phagein = to eat. Lapis assius, the stone of which the sarcophagi were made, is

found in Lycia, and has the property of consuming the bodies in a very few

weeks. In Egypt sarcophagi were made of various other stones, of black basalt,

red granite, alabaster and other materials, as they served only as outward

receptacles for the wooden coffins containing the mummies. The epitaphs on some

of them are as remarkable as they are highly ethical, and no Christian could

wish for anything better. One epitaph, dating thousands of years before the year

one of our modern era, reads :—“ I have given water to him who was thirsty, and

clothing to him who was naked. I have done harm to no man.” Another: “I have

done actions desired by men and those which are commanded by the gods”. The

beauty of some of these tombs may be judged by the alabaster sarcophagus of

Oimenephthah I., at Sir John Soane’s Museum, Lincoln’s Inn. “It was cut out of a

single block of fine alabaster stone, and is 9 ft. 4 in.. long, by 22 to 24 in.

in width, and 27 to 32 in. in height. . . . Engraved dots, etc., outside were

once


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filled with blue copper to represent the heavens. To attempt a description of

the wonderful figures inside and out is beyond the scope of this work. Much of

our knowledge of the mythology of the people is derived from this precious

monument, with its hundreds of figures to illustrate the last judgment, and the

life beyond the grave. Gods, men, serpents, symbolical animals and plants are

there most beautifully carved.” (Funeral Rites of the Egyptians.)

 

Sargon (Chald.). A Babylonian king. The story is now found to have been the

original of Moses and the ark of bulrushes in the Nile.

 

Sarîra (Sk.). Envelope or body.

 

Sarisripa (Sk.). Serpents, crawling insects, reptiles, “the infinitesimally

small”.

 

Sarku (Chald.). Lit., the light race; that of the gods in contradistinction to

the dark race called

zahmat gagnadi, or the race that fell, i.e., mortal men.

 

Sarpas (Sk.). Serpents, whose king was Sesha, the serpent, or rather an aspect

of Vishnu, who reigned in Pâtâla.

 

Sârpa-rajnî (Sk.). The queen of the serpents in the Brâhmanas.

 

Sarva Mandala (Sk.) A name for the “Egg of Brahmâ”.

 

Sarvada (Sk.). Lit., “all-sacrificing ” A title of Buddha, who in a former

Jataha (birth) sacrificed his kingdom, liberty, and even life, to save others.

 

Sarvaga (Sk.). The supreme “World-Substance”.

 

Sarvâtmâ (Sk.). The supreme Soul; the all-pervading Spirit.

 

Sarvêsha (Sk.). Supreme Being. Controller of every action and force in the

universe.

 

Sat (Sk.). The one ever-present Reality in the infinite world; the divine

essence which is, but cannot be said to exist, as it is Absoluteness, Be-ness

itself.

 

Sata rûpa (Sk.). The “hundred-formed one”; applied to Vâch, who to be the female

Brahmâ assumes a hundred forms, i.e., Nature.

 

Sati (Eg.). The triadic goddess, with Anouki of the Egyptian god Khnoum.

 

Sattâ (Sk.). The “one and sole Existence ”—Brahma (neut.).

 

Satti or Suttee, (Sk.). The burning of living widows together with their dead

husbands—a custom now happily abolished in India; lit., “a chaste and devoted

wife”.

 

Sattva (Sk.). Understanding; quiescence in divine knowledge. It follows

‘generally the word Bodhi when used as a compound word, e.g., “Bodhisattva”.


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Sattva or Satwa, (Sk.). Goodness; the same as Sattva, or purity, one of the

trigunas or three divisions of nature.

 

Satya (Sk.). Supreme truth.

 

Satya Loka (Sk.). The world of infinite purity and wisdom, the celestial abode

of Brahmâ and the gods.

 

Satya Yuga (Sk.). The golden age, or the age of truth and purity; the first of

the four Yugas, also called Krita Yuga.

 

Satyas (Sk.). One of the names of the twelve great gods.

 

Scarabæus, In Egypt, the symbol of resurrection, and also of rebirth; of

 

resurrection for the mummy or rather of the highest aspects of the personality

which animated it, and of rebirth for the Ego, the “spiritual body” of the

lower, human Soul. Egyptologists give us but half of the truth, when in

speculating upon the meaning of certain inscriptions, they say, “the justified

soul, once arrived at a certain period of its peregrinations (simply at the

death of the physical body) should be united to its body (i.e., the Ego) never

more to be separated from it ”. (Rougé.) What is this so-called body? Can it be

the mummy? Certainly not, for the emptied mummified corpse can never resurrect.

It can only be the eternal, spiritual vestment, the EGO that never dies but

gives immortality to whatsoever becomes united with it. “The delivered

Intelligence (which) retakes its luminous envelope and (re)becomes Daїmon ”, as

Prof. Maspero says, is the spiritual Ego; the personal Ego or Kâma Manas, its

direct ray, or the lower soul, is that which aspires to become Osirified, i.e.,

to unite itself with its “god ”; and that portion of it which will succeed in so

doing, will never more be separated from it (the god), not even when the latter

incarnates again and again, descending periodically on earth in its pilgrimage,

in search of further experiences and following the decrees of Karma. Khem, “the

sower of seed ”, is shown on a stele in a picture of Resurrection after physical

death, as the creator and the sower of the grain of corn, which, after

corruption, springs up afresh each time into a new ear, on which a scarab beetle

is seen poised; and Deveria shows very justly that “Ptah is the inert, material

form of Osiris, who will become Sokari (the eternal Ego) to be reborn, and

afterwards be Harmachus ”, or Horus in his transformation, the risen god. The

prayer so often found in the tumular inscriptions, “the wish for the

resurrection in one’s living soul” or the Higher Ego, has ever a scarabæus at

the end, standing for the personal soul. The scarabæus is the most honoured, as

the most frequent and familiar, of all Egyptian symbols. No mummy is without

several of them; the favourite ornament on engravings, house hold furniture and

utensils is this sacred beetle, and Pierret pertinently


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shows in his Livre des Morts that the secret meaning of this hieroglyph is

sufficiently explained in that the Egyptian name for the scarabæus Kheper

signifies to be, to become, to build again.

 

Scheo (Eg.). The god who, conjointly with Tefnant and Seb, inhabits Aanroo, the

region called “the land of the rebirth of the gods ”.

 

Schesoo-Hor (Eg.). Lit., the servants of Horus; the early people who settled in

Egypt and who were Aryans.

 

Schools of the Prophets. Schools established by Samuel for the training of the

Nabiim (prophets). Their method was pursued on the same lines as that of a Chela

or candidate for initiation into the occult sciences, i.e., the development of

abnormal faculties or clairvoyance leading to Seership. Of such schools there

were many in days of old in Palestine and Asia Minor. That the Hebrews

worshipped Nebo, the Chaldean god of secret learning, is quite certain, since

they adopted his name as an equivalent of Wisdom.

 

Séance. A word which has come to mean with Theosophists and Spiritualists a

sitting with a medium for phenomena, the materialisation of “spirits” and other

manifestations.

 

Seb (Eg.). The Egyptian Saturn; the father of Osiris and Isis. Esoterically, the

sole principle before creation, nearer in meaning to Parabrahm than Brahmâ. From

as early as the second Dynasty, there were records of him, and statues of Seb

are to be seen in the museums represented with the goose or black swan that laid

the egg of the world on his head. Nout or Neith, the “Great Mother” and yet the

“Immaculate Virgin ”, is Seb’s wife; she is the oldest goddess on record, and is

to be found on monuments of the first dynasty, to which Mariette Bey assigns the

date of almost 7000 years B.c.

 

Secret Doctrine. The general name given to the esoteric teachings of antiquity.

 

Sedecla (Heb.). The Obeah woman of Endor.

 

Seer. One who is a clairvoyant; who can see things visible, and invisible—for

others—at any distance and time with his spiritual or inner sight or

perceptions.

 

Seir Anpin, or Zauir Anpin (Heb.). In the Kabbalah, “the Son of the concealed

Father ”, he who unites in himself all the Sephiroth. Adam Kadmon, or the first

manifested “Heavenly Man ”, the Logos.

 

Sekhem (Eg.). The same as Sekten.

 

Sekhet (Eg.). See “Pasht”.

 

Sekten (Eg.). Dêvâchân; the place of post mortem reward, a state of bliss, not a

locality.


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Senâ (Sk.). The female aspect or Sakti of Kârttikeya; also called Kaumâra.

 

Senses. The ten organs of man. In the exoteric Pantheon and the allegories of

the. East, these

are the emanations of ten minor gods, the terrestrial Prajâpati or “ progenitors

”. They are called in contradistinction to the five physical and the seven

superphysical, the “elementary senses”. In

Occultism they are closely allied with various forces of nature, and with our

inner organisms, called

cells in physiology.

 

Senzar. The mystic name for the secret sacerdotal language or the

“Mystery-speech” of the initiated Adepts, all over the world.

 

Sepher Sephiroth (Heb.). A Kabbalistic treatise concerning the gradual evolution

of Deity from negative repose to active emanation and creation. [w.w.w.]

 

Sepher Yetzirah (Heb.). “The Book of Formation”. A very ancient Kabbalistic work

ascribed to the patriarch Abraham. It illustrates the creation of the universe

by analogy with the twenty-two letters of the Hebrew alphabet, distributed into

a triad,, a heptad, and a dodecad, corresponding with the-three mother letters,

 

A, M, S, the seven planets, and the twelve signs of the Zodiac. It is written in

the Neo-Hebraic of the Mishnah. [ w.w.w.]

 

Sephira (Heb.) An emanation of Deity; the parent and synthesis of the ten

Sephiroth when she stands at the head of the Sephirothal Tree; in the Kabbalah,

Sephira,or the “ Sacred Aged ”, is the divine Intelligence (the same as Sophia

or Metis), the first emanation from the “Endless” or Ain-Suph.

 

Sephiroth (Heb.). The ten emanations of Deity; the highest is formed by the

concentration of the Ain Soph Aur, or the Limitless Light, and each: Sephira

produces by emanation another Sephira. The names of the Ten Sephiroth are—1.

Kether—The Crown; 2. Chokmah—Wisdom; 3. Binah—Understanding;

4. Chesed-—Mercy; Geburah—Power; 6. Tiphereth—Beauty; 7. Netzach—Victory; 8.

Hod— Splendour;

9. Jesod_Foundation; and 10. Malkuth—The Kingdom.

The conception of Deity embodied in the Ten Sephiroth is a very sublime one, and

each Sephira is a picture to the Kabbalist of a group of exalted ideas, titles

and attributes, which the name but faintly represents. Each Sephira is called

either active or passive, though this attribution may lead to error; passive

does not mean a return to negative existence; and the two words only express the

relation between individual Sephiroth, and not any absolute quality. [w.w.w.]

 

Septerium (Lat.)  A great religious festival held in days of old every ninth

year at Delphi, in honour of Helios, the Sun, or Apollo, to com-


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memorate his triumph over darkness, or Python; Apollo-Python being the same as

Osiris-Typhon in Egypt.

 

Seraphim (Heb.). Celestial beings described by Isaiah (vi., 2,) as of human form

with the addition of three pair of wings. The Hebrew word is ShRPIM, and apart

from the above instance, is translated serpents, and is related to the verbal

root ShRP, to burn up . The word is used for serpents in Numbers and

Deuteronomy. Moses is said to have raised in the wilderness a ShRP or Seraph of

Brass as a type. This bright serpent is also used as an emblem of Light. Compare

the myth of Æsculapius, the healing deity, who is said to have been brought to

Rome from Epidaurus as a serpent, and whose statues show him holding a wand on

which a snake is twisted. (See Ovid, Metam., lib. xv.). The Seraphim of the Old

Testament seem to be related to the Cherubim (q.v.). In the Kabbalah the

Seraphim are a group of angelic powers allotted to the Sephira Geburah—Severity.

[w.w.w.]

 

Serapis (Eg.). A great solar god who replaced Osiris in the popular worship, and

in whose honour the seven vowels were sung. He was often made to appear in his

representations as a serpent, a “Dragon of Wisdom ”. The greatest god of Egypt

during the first centuries of Christianity.

 

 

Sesha (Sk.) Ananta, the great Serpent of Eternity, the couch of Vishnu; the

symbol of infinite Time in Space. In the exoteric beliefs Sesha is represented

as a thousand-headed and seven-headed cobra; the former the king of the nether

world, called Pâtâla, the latter the carrier or support of Vishnu on the Ocean

of Space.

 

Set or Seth (Eg.). The same as the Son of Noah and Typhon—who is the dark side

of Osiris. The same as Thoth and Satan, the adversary, not the devil represented

by Christians.

 

Sevekh (Eg.). The god of time; Chronos; the same as Sefekh. Some Orientalists

translate it as the “Seventh”.

 

Shaberon (Tib.). The Mongolian Shaberon or Khubilgan (or Khubilkhans) are the

reincarnations of Buddha, according to the Lamaists; great Saints and Avatars,

so to say.

 

Shaddai, El (Heb.). A name of the Hebrew Deity, usually translated God Almighty,

found in Genesis, Exodus, Numbers, Ruth and Job. Its Greek equivalent is Kurios

Pantokrator; but by Hebrew derivation it means rather “the pourer forth”, shad

meaning a breast, and indeed shdi is also used for “a nursing mother”. [w.w.w.]

 

Shamans. An order of Tartar or Mongolian priest-magicians, or as some say,

priest-sorcerers. They are not Buddhists, but a sect of the

 


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old Bhon religion of Tibet. They live mostly in Siberia and its borderlands.

Both men and women may be Shamans. They are all magicians, or rather sensitives

or mediums artificially developed. At present those who act as priests among the

Tartars are generally very ignorant, and far below the fakirs in knowledge and

education.

 

Shânâh (Heb). The Lunar Year.

 

Shangna (Sk.). A mysterious epithet given to a robe or “vesture in a

metaphorical sense”. To put on the “Shangna robe” means the acquirement of

Secret Wisdom, and Initiation.

(See Voice of the Silence, pp. 84 and 85, Glossary.)

 

Shâstra or S’âstra (Sk.). A treatise or book; any work of divine or accepted

authority, including law books. A Shâstri means to this day, in India, a man

learned in divine and human law.

 

Shedim (Heb.). See “Siddim ”.

 

Shekinah (Heb.). A title applied to Malkuth, the tenth Sephira, by the

Kabbalists; but by the Jews to the cloud of glory which rested on the Mercy-seat

in the Holy of Holies. As taught, however, by all the Rabbins of Asia Minor, its

nature is of a more exalted kind, Shekinah being the veil of Ain-Soph, the

Endless and the Absolute; hence a kind of Kabbalistic Mûlaprakriti. [w.w.w.]

 

Shells. A Kabbalistic name for the phantoms of the dead, the “spirits” of the

Spiritualists, figuring in physical phenomena; so named on account of their

being simply illusive forms, empty of their higher principles.

 

Shemal (Chald.). Samâel, the spirit of the earth, its presiding ruler and

genius.

 

Shemhamphorash (Heb.). The separated name. The mirific name derived from the

substance of deity and showing its self-existent essence. Jesus was accused by

the Jews of having stolen this name from the Temple by magic arts, and of using

it in the production of his miracles.

 

Sheol (Heb.). The hell of the Hebrew Pantheon; a region of stillness and

inactivity as distinguished from Gehenna, (q.v.).

 

Shien-Sien (Chin.). A state of bliss and soul-freedom, during which a man can

travel in spirit where he likes.

 

Shiites (Pers.). A sect of Mussulmen who place the prophet Ali higher than

Mohammed, rejecting Sunnah or tradition.

 

Shîla (Pali). The second virtue of the ten Pâramitâs of perfection. Perfect

harmony in words and acts.

 

Shinto (Jap.). The ancient religion of Japan before Buddhism, based upon the

worship of spirits and ancestors.


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Shoel-ob (Heb.). A consulter with familiar “spirits”; a necromancer, a raiser of

the dead, or of their phantoms.

 

Shoo (Eg.). A personification of the god Ra; represented as the “great cat of

the Basin of Persea in Anu”.

 

Shûdâla Mâdan (Tam.) The vampire, the ghoul, or graveyard spook.

 

Shûle Mâdan (Tam.). The elemental which is said to help the “jugglers” to grow

mango trees and do other wonders.

 

Shutukt (Tib.). A collegiate monastery in Tibet of great fame, containing over

30,000 monks and students.

 

Sibac (Quiché). The reed from the pith of which the third race of men was

created, according to the scripture of the Guatemalians, called the Popol Vuh.

 

Sibikâ (Sk.). The weapon of Kuvera, god of wealth (a Vedic deity living in

Hades, hence a kind of Pluto), made out of the parts of the divine splendour of

Vishnu, residing in the Sun, and filed off by Visvarkarman, the god Initiate.

 

Siddhânta (Sk.). Any learned work on astronomy or mathematics, in India.

 

Siddhârtha (Sk.). A name given to Gautama Buddha.

 

Siddhas (Sk.). Saints and sages who have become almost divine also a hierarchy

of Dhyan Chohans.

 

Siddhâsana (Sk.). A posture in Hatha-yoga practices.

 

Siddha-Sena (Sk.). Lit., “the leader of Siddhas”; a title of Kârttikeya, the

“mysterious youth” (kumâra guha).

 

Siddhis (Sk.). Lit., “attributes of perfection”; phenomenal powers acquired

through holiness by Yogis.

 

Siddim (Heb.). The Canaanites, we are told, worshipped these evil powers as

deities, the name meaning the “pourers forth”; a valley was named after them.

There seems to be a connection between these, as types of Fertile Nature, and

the many-bosomed Isis and Diana of Ephesus. In Psalm cvi., 37, the word is

translated “devils ”, and we are told that the Canaanites shed the blood of

their sons and daughters to them. Their title seems to come from the same root

ShD, from which the god name

El Shaddai is derived. [w.w.w.]

The Arabic Shedim means “Nature Spirits ”, Elementals; they are the afrits of

modern Egypt and djins of Persia,.India, etc.

 

Sidereal. Anything relating to the stars, but also, in Occultism, to various

influences emanating from such regions, such as “sidereal force ”, as taught by

Paracelsus, and sidereal (luminous), ethereal body, etc.

 

Si-dzang (Chin.). The Chinese name for Tibet; mentioned in the


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Imperial Library of the capital of Fo Kien, as the “great seat of Occult

learning”, 2,207 years B.c. (Secret Doctrine, I., p. 271.)

 

Sige (Gr.). “Silence”; a name. adopted by the Gnostics to signify the root

whence proceed the Æons of the second series.

 

Sighra or Sighraga (Sk.). The father of Moru, “who is still living through the

power of Yoga, and will manifest himself in the beginning of the Krita age in

order to re-establish the Kshattriyas in the nineteenth Yuga” say the Purânic

prophecies. “Moru” stands here for “Morya ”, the dynasty of the Buddhist

sovereigns of Pataliputra which began with the great King Chandragupta, the

grandsire of King Asoka. It is the first Buddhist Dynasty. (Secret Doctrine, I.,

378.)

 

Sigurd (Scand.). The hero who slew Fafnir, the “Dragon”, roasted his heart and

ate it, after which he became the wisest of men. An allegory referring to Occult

study and initiation.

 

Simeon-ben-Jochai. An Adept-Rabbin, who was the author of the Zohar, (q.v.).

 

Simon Magus. A very great Samaritan Gnostic and Thaumaturgist, called “the great

Power of God”.

 

Simorgh (Pers.). The same as the winged Siorgh, a kind of gigantic griffin, half

phœnix, half lion, endowed in the Iranian legends with oracular powers. Simorgh

was the guardian of the ancient Persian Mysteries. It is expected to reappear at

the end of the cycle as a gigantic bird-lion. Esoterically, it stands as the

symbol of the Manvantaric cycle. Its Arabic name is Rahshi.

 

Sinaї (Heb.). Mount Sinaї, the Nissi of Exodus (xvii., ii), the birth place of

almost all the solar gods of antiquity, such as Dionysus, born at Nissa or Nysa,

Zeus of Nysa, Bacchus and Osiris, (q.v.). Some ancient people believed the Sun

to be the progeny of the Moon, who was herself a Sun once upon a time. Sin-aї is

the “Moon Mountain ”, hence the connexion.

 

Sing Bonga. The Sun-spirit with the Kollarian tribes.

 

Singha (Sk.). The constellation of Leo; Singh meaning “lion”.

 

Sinika (Sk.). Also Sinita and Sanika, etc., as variants. The Vishnu Purâna gives

it as the name of a future sage who will be taught by him who will become

Maitreya, at the end of Kali Yuga, and adds that this is a great mystery.

 

Sinîvâlî (Sk.). The first day of the new moon, which is greatly connected with

Occult practices in India.

 

Siphra Dtzeniouta (Chald.). The Book of Concealed Mystery; one division of the

Zohar.

(See Mathers’ Kabbalah Unveiled.)


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0

Sirius (Gr.). In Egyptian, Sothis. The dog-star: the star worshipped in Egypt

and reverenced by the Occultists; by the former because its heliacal rising with

the Sun was a sign of the beneficent inundation of the Nile, and by the latter

because it is mysteriously associated with Thoth-Hermes, god of wisdom, and

Mercury, in another form. Thus Sothis-Sirius had, and still has, a mystic and

direct influence over the whole living heaven, and is connected with almost

every god and goddess. It was “Isis in the heaven ” and called Isis-Sothis, for

Isis was “in the constellation of the dog ”, as is declared on her monuments.

“The soul of Osiris was believed to reside in a personage who walks with great

steps in front of Sothis, sceptre in hand and a whip upon his shoulder.” Sirius

is also Anuhis, and is directly connected with the ring

“Pass me not” ; it is, moreover, identical with Mithra, the Persian Mystery god,

and with Horus and even Hathor, called sometimes the goddess Sothis. Being

connected with the Pyramid, Sirius was, therefore, connected with the

initiations which took place in it. A temple to Sirius-Sothis once existed

within the great temple of Denderah. To sum up, all religions are not, as Dufeu,

the French Egyptologist, sought to prove, derived from Sirius, the dog-star, but

Sirius-Sothis is certainly found in connection with every religion of antiquity.

 

Sishta (Sk.). The great elect or Sages, left after every minor Pralaya (that

which is called “obscuration” in Mr. Sinnett’s Esoteric Buddhism), when the

globe goes into its night or rest, to become, on its re-awakening, the seed of

the next humanity. Lit. “remnant.”

 

Sisthrus (Chald.). According to Berosus, the last of the ten kings of the

dynasty of the divine kings, and the “Noah” of Chaldea. Thus, as Vishnu

foretells the coming deluge to Vaivasvata-Manu, and, fore warning, commands him

to build an ark, wherein he and seven Rishis are saved ; so the god Hea

foretells the same to Sisithrus (or Xisuthrus) commanding him to prepare a

vessel and save himself with a few elect. Following suit, almost 800,000 years

later, the Lord God of Israel repeats the warning to Noah. Which is prior,

therefore? The story of Xisuthrus, now deciphered from the Assyrian tablets,

corroborates that which was said of the Chaldean deluge by Berosus, Apollodorus,

Abydenus, etc., etc. (See eleventh tablet in G. Smith’s Chaldean Account of

Genesis, page 263, et seq.). This tablet xi. covers every point treated of in

chapters six and seven of Genesis—the gods, the sins of men, the command to

build an ark, the Flood, the destruction of men, the dove and the raven sent out

of the ark, and finally the Mount of Salvation in Armenia (Nizi r-Ararat); all

is there. The words “the god Hea heard, and his liver was angry, because his men

had corrupted his


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purity”, and the story of his destroying all his seed, were engraved on stone

tablets many thousand years before the Assyrians reproduced them on their baked

tiles, and even these most assuredly antedate the Pentateuch, “written from

memory” by Ezra, hardly four centuries B.c.

 

Sistrum (Gr.). Egyptian ssesh or kemken. An instrument, usually made of bronze

but sometimes of gold or silver, of an open circular form, with a handle, and

four wires passed through holes, to the end of which jingling pieces of metal

were attached; its top was ornamented with a figure of Isis, or of Hathor. It

was a sacred instrument, used in temples for the purpose of producing, by means

of its combination of metals, magnetic currents, and sounds. To this day it has

survived in Christian Abyssinia, under the name of sanasel, and the good priests

use it to “drive devils from the premises”, an act quite comprehensible to the

Occultist, even though it does provoke laughter in the sceptical Orientalist.

The priestess usually held it in her right hand during the ceremony of

purification of the air, or the “conjuration of the elements”, as E. Lévi would

call it, while the priests held the Sistrurn in their left hand, using the right

to manipulate the “key of life”—the handled cross or Tau.

 

Sisumara (Sk.). An imaginary rotating belt, upon which all the celestial bodies

move. This host of stars and constellations is represented under the figure of

Sisumara, a tortoise (some say a porpoise !), dragon, crocodile, and what not.

But as it is a symbol of the Yoga-meditation of holy Vasudeva or Krishna, it

must be a crocodile, or rather, a dolphin, since it is identical with the

zodiacal Makâra. Dhruva, the ancient pole-star, is placed at the tip of the tail

of this sidereal monster, whose head points southward and whose body bends in a

ring. Higher along the tail are the Prajâpati Agni, etc., and at its root are

placed Indra, Dharma, and the seven Rishis (the Great Bear), etc., etc. The

meaning is of course mystical.

 

Siva (Sk.). The third person of the Hindu Trinity (the Trimûrti). He is a god of

the first order, and in his character of Destroyer higher than Vishnu, the

Preserver, as he destroys only to regenerate on a higher plane. He is born as

Rudra, the Kumâra, and is the patron of all the Yogis, being called, as such,

Mahâdeva the great ascetic, His titles are significant Trilochana, “the

three-eyed”, Mahâdeva, “the great god ”, Sankara, etc., etc., etc.

 

Siva-Rudra (Sk.). Rudra is the Vedic name of Siva, the latter being absent from

the Veda.

 

Skandha or Skhanda (Sk.). Lit., “bundles”, or groups of attributes; everything

finite, inapplicable

to the eternal and the absolute. There are five—esoterically, seven—attributes

in every human living being,


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which are known as the Pancha Shandhas. These are (1) form, rûpa; (2)

perception, vidâna;

(3) consciousness, sanjnâ; (4) action, sanskâra; (5) knowledge, vidyâna. These

unite at the birth of man and constitute his personality. After the maturity of

these Skandhas, they begin to separate and weaken,

and this is followed by jarâmarana, or decrepitude and death.

 

Skrymir (Scand.). One of the famous giants in the Eddas.

 

Sloka, (Sk.). The Sanskrit epic metre formed of thirty-two syllables: verses in

four half-lines of eight,

or in two lines of sixteen syllables each.

 

Smaragdine Tablet of Hermes. As expressed by Eliphas Lévi,“this Tablet of

Emerald is the whole of magic in a single page”; but India has a single word

which, when understood, contains “the whole of magic ”. This is a tablet,

however, alleged to have been found by Sarai, Abraham’s wife (!) on the dead

body of Hermes. So say the Masons and Christian Kabbalists. But in Theosophy we

call it an allegory. May it not mean that Sarai-swati, the wife of Brahmâ, or

the goddess of secret wisdom and learning, finding still much of the ancient

wisdom latent in the dead body of Humanity, revivified that wisdom? This led to

the rebirth of the Occult Sciences, so long forgotten and neglected, the world

over. The tablet itself, however, although containing the “whole of magic ”, is

too long to be reproduced here.

 

Smârtava (Sk.). The Smârta Brahmans; a sect founded by Sankarâchârya.

 

Smriti (Sk.). Traditional accounts imparted orally, from the word Smriti,

“Memory” a daughter of Daksha. They are now the legal and ceremonial writings of

the Hindus; the opposite of, and therefore less sacred, than the Vedas, which

are Sruti, or “ revelation ”.

 

Sod (Heb.). An “Arcanum”, or religious mystery. The Mysteries of Baal, Adonis

and Bacchus, all sun-gods having serpents as symbols, or, as in the case of

Mithra, a “solar serpent”. The ancient Jews had their Sod also, symbols not

excluded, since they had the “brazen serpent” lifted in the Wilderness, which

particular serpent was the Persian Mithra, the symbol of Moses as an Initiate,

but was certainly never meant to represent the historical Christ. “The secret

(Sod) of the Lord is with them that fear him ”, says David, in Psalm xxv., 14.

But this reads in the original Hebrew, “Sod Ihoh (or the Mysteries) of Jehovah

are for those who fear him”. So terribly is the Old Testament mistranslated,

that verse 7 in Psalm lxxxix., which stands in the original “Al (El) is terrible

in the great Sod of the Kedeshim” (the Galli, the priests of the inner Jewish

mysteries), reads now in the muti-


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lated translation “God is greatly to be feared in the assembly of the saints”.

Simeon and Levi held their Sod, and it is repeatedly mentioned in the Bible. “

Oh my soul ”, exclaims the dying Jacob, “come not thou into their secret (Sod,

in the orig.), unto their assembly ”, i.e.. into the Sodalily of Simeon and Levi

(Gen. xlix., 6). (See Dunlap, Sôd, the Mysteries of Adoni.)

 

Sodales (Lat.). The members of the Priest-colleges. (See Freund’s Latin Lexicon,

iv., 448.) Cicero tells us also (De Senectute, 13) that “ Sodalities were

constituted in the Idæn Mysteries of the MIGHTY MOTHER”. Those initiated into

the Sod were termed the“ Companions ”.

 

Sodalian Oath. The most sacred of all oaths. The penalty of death followed the

breaking of the Sodalian oath or pledge. The oath and the Sod (the secret

learning) are earlier than the Kabbalah or Tradition, and the ancient Midrashim

treated fully of the Mysteries or Sod before they passed into the Zohar. Now

they are referred to as the Secret Mysteries of the Thorah, or Law, to break

which is fatal.

 

Soham (Sk.). A mystic syllable representing involution: lit., “THAT I AM”.

 

Sokaris (Eg.). A fire-god; a solar deity of many forms. He is Ptah Sokaris, when

the symbol is purely cosmic, and “Ptah-Sokaris-Osiris” when it is phallic. This

deity is hermaphrodite, the sacred bull Apis being its son, conceived in it by a

solar ray. According to Smith’s History of the East, Ptah is a “second

Demiurgus, an emanation from the first creative Principle” (the first Logos).

The upright Ptah, with cross and staff, is the “creator of the eggs of the sun

and moon ”. Pierret thinks that he represents the primordial Force that preceded

the gods and “created the stars, and the eggs of the sun and moon ”. Mariette

Bey sees in him “Divine Wisdom scattering the stars in immensity ”, and he is

corroborated by the Targum of Jerusalem, which states that the “Egyptians called

the Wisdom of the First Intellect Ptah”.

 

Sokhit (Eg.). A deity to whom the cat was sacred.

 

Solomon’s Seal. The symbolical double triangle, adopted by the T.S. and by many

Theosophists. Why it should be called “Solomon’s Seal” is a mystery, unless it

came to Europe from Iran, where many stories are told about that mythical

personage and the magic seal used by him to catch the djins and imprison them in

old bottles. But this seal or double triangle is also called in India the “Sign

of Vishnu ”, and may be seen on the houses in every village as a talisman

against evil. The triangle was sacred and used as a religious sign in the far

East ages before Pythagoras proclaimed it to be the first of the geometrical

figures, as well as the most mysterious. it is found on pyramid and obelisk, and

is


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pregnant with occult meaning, as are, in fact, all triangles. Thus the pentagram

is the triple triangle—the six-pointed being the hexalp ha. (See “Pentacle” and

“Pentagram”.) The way a triangle points determines its meaning. If upwards, it

means the male element and divine fire; downwards, the female and the waters of

matter; upright, but with a bar across the top, air and astral light ;

downwards, with a bar—the earth or gross matter, etc., etc. When a Greek

Christian priest in blessing holds his two fingers and thumb together, he simply

makes the magic sign—by the power of the triangle or “trinity ”.

 

Soma (Sk.). The moon, and also the juice of the plant of that name used in the

temples for trance purposes; a sacred beverage. Soma, the moon, is the symbol of

the Secret Wisdom. In the Upanishads the word is used to denote gross matter

(with an association of moisture) capable of producing life under the action of

heat. (See “ Soma-drink ”.)

 

Soma-drink. Made from a rare mountain plant by initiated Brahmans. This Hindu

sacred beverage answers to the Greek ambrosia or nectar, quaffed by the gods of

Olympus. A cup of Kykeôn was also quaffed by the Mystes at the Eleusinian

initiation. He who drinks it easily reaches Bradhna, or the place of splendour

(Heaven). The Soma-drink known to Europeans is not the genuine beverage, but its

substitute; for the initiated priests alone can taste of the real Soma; and even

kings and Rajas, when sacrificing, receive the substitute. Haug, by his own

confession, shows in his Aitareya Brâhmana, that it was not the Soma that he

tasted and found nasty, but the juice from the roots of the Nyagradha, a plant

or bush which grows on the hills of Poona. We were positively informed that the

majority of the sacrificial priests of the Dekkan have lost the secret of the

true Soma. It can be found neither in the ritual books nor through oral

information. The true followers of the primitive Vedic religion are very few;

these are the alleged descendants of the Rishis, the real Agnihôtris, the

initiates of the great Mysteries. The Soma drink is also commemorated in the

Hindu Pantheon, for it is called King-Soma. He who drinks thereof is made to

participate in the heavenly king; he becomes filled with his essence, as the

Christian apostles and their converts were. filled with the Holy Ghost, and

purified of their sins. The Soma makes a new man of the initiate; he is reborn

and transformed, and his spiritual nature overcomes the physical; it bestows the

divine power of inspiration, and develops the clairvoyant faculty to the utmost.

According to the exoteric explanation the soma is a plant, but at the same time

it is an angel. It forcibly connects the inner, highest “ spirit” of man, which

spirit is an angel like the mystical Soma, with his “irrational soul ”, or

astral body, and thus united by the power of the magic drink, they soar together

above physical nature and

participate during life in the beatitude and ineffable glories of Heaven,


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Thus the Hindu Soma is mystically and in all respects the same that the

Eucharist supper is to the Christian. The idea is similar. By means of the

sacrificial prayers—the mantras—this liquor is supposed to be immediately

transformed into the real Soma, or the angel, and even into Brahmâ himself. Some

missionaries have expressed themselves with much indignation about this

ceremony, the more so, seeing that the Brahmans generally use a kind of

spirituous liquor as a substitute. But do the Christians believe less fervently

in the transubstantiation of the communion wine into the blood of Christ,

because this wine happens to be more or less spirituous? Is not the idea of the

symbol attached to it the same? But the missionaries say that this hour of

soma-drinking is the golden hour of Satan, who lurks at the bottom of the Hindu

sacrificial cup. (Isis Unveiled.)

 

Soma-loka (Sk.). A kind of lunar abode where the god Soma, the regent of the

moon, resides. The abode of the Lunar Pitris—or Pitriloka.

 

Somapa (Sk.). A class of Lunar Pitris. (See “ Trisuparna.”)

 

Somnambulism Lit., “sleep-walking ”, or moving, acting, writing, reading and

performing every function of waking consciousness in one’s sleep, with utter

oblivion of the fact on awakening. This is one of the great psycho-physiological

phenomena, the least understood as it is the most puzzling, to which Occultism

alone holds the key.

 

Son-kha-pa (Tib.). Written also Tsong-kha-pa. A famous Tibetan reformer of the

fourteenth century, who introduced a purified Buddhism into his country. He was

a great Adept, who being unable to witness any longer the desecration of

Buddhist philosophy by the false priests who made of it a marketable commodity,

put a forcible stop thereto by a timely revolution and the exile of 40,000 sham

monks and Lamas from the country. He is regarded as an Avatar of Buddha, and is

the founder of the Gelukpa

(“ yellow-cap ”) Sect, and of the mystic Brotherhood connected with its chiefs.

The “tree of the 10,000 images” (khoom boom) has, it is said, sprung from the

long hair of this ascetic, who leaving it behind him disappeared for ever from

the view of the profane.

 

Sooniam. A magical ceremony for the purpose of removing a sickness from one

person to another. Black magic, sorcery.

 

Sophia (Gr.). Wisdom. The female Logos of the Gnostics; the Universal Mind; and

the female Holy Ghost with others.

 

Sophia Achamoth (Gr.). The daughter of Sophia. The personified Astral Light, or

the lower plane of Ether.

 

Sortes Sanctorum (Lat.). The “holy casting of lots for purposes of divination”,

practised by the early and mediæval Christian clergy. St. Augustine, who does

not “disapprove of this method of learning futurity,


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provided it be not used for worldly purposes, practised it himself ” (Life of

St. Gregory of Tours). If, however, “it is practised by laymen, heretics, or

heathen” of any sort, sortes sanctorum become—if we believe the good and pious

fathers—sortes diabolorum or sortilegium—sorcery.

 

Sosiosh (Zend). The Mazdean Saviour who, like Vishnu, Maitreya Buddha and

others, is expected to appear on a white horse at the end of the cycle to save

mankind. (See “S´ambhala”.)

 

Soul. The yuch, or nephesh of the Bible; the vital principle, or the breath of

life, which every animal, down to the infusoria, shares with man. In the

translated Bible it stands indifferently for life, blood and soul. “ Let us not

kill his nephesh ”, says the original text: “let us not kill him ”, translate

the Christians (Genesis xxxvii. 21), and so on.

 

Sowan (Pali). The first of the “four paths” which lead to Nirvâna, in Yoga

practice.

 

Sowanee (Pali). He who entered upon that “path”.

 

Sparsa (Sk). The sense of touch.

 

Spenta Armaita (Zend). The female genius of the earth; the “fair daughter of

Ahura Mazda ”. With the Mazdeans, Spenta Armaita is the personified Earth.

 

Spirit. The lack of any mutual agreement between writers in the use of this word

has resulted in dire confusion. It is commonly made synonymous with soul; and

the lexicographers countenance the usage. In Theosophical teachings. the term

“Spirit” is applied solely to that which belongs directly to Universal

Consciousness, and which is its homogeneous and unadulterated emanation. Thus,

the higher Mind in Man or his Ego (Manas) is, when linked indissolubly with

Buddhi, a spirit; while the term “Soul”, human or even animal (the lower Manas

acting in animals as instinct), is applied only to Kâma-Manas, and qualified as

the living soul. This is nephesh, in Hebrew, the “breath of life”. Spirit is

formless and immaterial, being, when individualised, of the highest spiritual

substance—Suddasatwa, the divine essence, of which the body of the manifesting

highest Dhyanis are formed. Therefore, the Theosophists reject the appellation “

Spirits” for those phantoms which appear in the phenomenal manifestations of the

Spiritualists, and call them “shells”, and various other names. (See “Sukshma

Sarîra”.) Spirit, in short, is no entity in the sense of having form ; for, as

Buddhist philosophy has it, where there is a form, there is a cause for pain and

suffering. But each individual spirit—this individuality lasting only throughout

the manvantaric life-cycle—may be described as a centre of consciousness, a

self-sentient and self-conscious centre; a state, not a conditioned individual.

This is why there is such a wealth of words in Sanskrit to express the


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different States of Being, Beings and Entities, each appellation showing the

philosophical difference, the plane to which such unit belongs, and the degree

of its spirituality or materiality. Unfortunately these terms are almost

untranslatable into our Western tongues.

 

Spiritualism. In philosophy, the state or condition of mind opposed to

materialism or a material conception of things. Theosophy, a doctrine which

teaches that all which exists is animated or informed by the Universal Soul or

Spirit, and that not an atom in our universe can be outside of this omnipresent

Principle—is pure Spiritualism. As to the belief that goes under that name,

namely, belief in the constant communication of the living with the dead,

whether through the mediumistic powers of oneself or a

so-called medium—it is no better than the materialisation of spirit, and the

degradation of the human and the divine, souls. Believers in such communications

are simply dishonouring the dead and performing constant sacrilege. It was well

called “Necromancy” in days of old. But our modern Spiritualists take offence at

being told this simple truth.

 

Spook. A ghost, a hobgoblin. Used of the various apparitions in the seance-rooms

of the Spiritualists.

 

Sraddha (Sk). Lit., faith, respect, reverence.

 

Srâddha (Sk.). Devotion to the memory and care for the welfare of the manes of

dead relatives.

A post-mortem rite for newly kindred. There are also monthly rites of Srâddha.

 

Srâddhadeva (Sk.). An epithet of Yama, the god of death and king of the nether

world, or Hades.

 

Srâmana (Sk.). Buddhist priests, ascetics and postulants for Nirvâna, “they who

have to place a restraint on their thoughts ”. The word Saman, now “Shaman” is a

corruption of this primitive word.

 

Srastara (Sk.). A couch consisting of a mat or a tiger’s skin, strewn with

darbha, kusa and other grasses, used by ascetics—gurus and chelas— and spread on

the floor.

 

Sravah (Mazd.). The Amshaspends, in their highest aspect.

 

Srâvaka (Sk.). Lit., “he who causes to hear ”; a preacher. But in Buddhism it

denotes a disciple or chela.

 

Sri Sankarâchârya (Sk.). The great religious reformer of India, and teacher of

the Vedânta philosophy—the greatest of all such teachers, regarded by the

Adwaitas (Non-dualists) as an incarnation of Siva and a worker of miracles. He

established many mathams (monasteries), and founded the most learned sect among

Brahmans, called the Smârtava. The legends about him are as numerous as his

philosophical writings. At the age of thirty-two he went to Kashmir, and

reaching Kedâranâth in


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the Himalayas, entered a cave alone, whence he never returned. His followers

claim that he did not die, but only retired from the world.

 

Sringa Giri (Sk.). A large and wealthy monastery on the ridge of the Western

Ghauts in Mysore (Southern India) ; the chief matham of the Adwaita and Smârta

Brahmans, founded by Sankarâchârya. There resides the religious head (the latter

being called Sankarâchârya) of all the Vedantic Adwaitas, credited by many with

great abnormal powers.

 

Sri-pâda (Sk.). The impression of Buddha’s foot. Lit., “the step or foot of the

Master or exalted Lord”.

 

Srivatsa (Sk.). A mystical mark worn by Krishna, and also adopted by the Jains.

 

Sriyantra (Sk.). The double triangle or the seal of Vishnu, called also

“Solomon’s seal ”, and adopted by the T. S.

 

Srotâpatti (Sk) Lit., “ he who has entered the stream ”, i.e., the stream or

path that leads to Nirvâna, or figuratively, to the Nirvânic Ocean. The same as

Sowanee.

 

Srotriya (Sk) The appellation of a Brahman who practises the Vedic rites he

studies, as distinguished from the Vedavit, the Brahman who studies them only

theoretically.

 

Sruti (Sk.). Sacred tradition received by revelation; the Vedas are such a

tradition as distinguished from “ Smriti ” (q.v.).

 

St. Germain, the Count of. Referred to as an enigmatical personage by modern

writers. Frederic II., King of Prussia, used to say of him that he was a man

whom no one had ever been able make out. Many are his “biographies”, and each is

wilder than the other. By some he was regarded as an incarnate god, by others as

a clever Alsatian Jew. One thing is certain, Count de St. Germain—whatever his

real patronymic may have been—had a right to his name and title, for he had

bought a property called San Germano, in the Italian Tyrol, and paid the Pope

for the title. He was uncommonly handsome, and his enormous erudition and

linguistic capacities are undeniable, for he spoke English, Italian, French,

Spanish, Portuguese, German, Russian, Swedish, Danish, and many Slavonian and

Oriental languages, with equal facility with a native. He was extremely wealthy,

never received a sou from anyone—in fact never accepted a glass of water or

broke bread with anyone made most extravagant presents of superb jewellery to

all his friends, even to the royal families of Europe. His proficiency in music

was marvellous; he played on every instrument, the violin being his favourite.

“St. Germain rivalled Paganini himself”, was said of him by an octogenarian

Belgian in 1835, after hearing the “Genoese maestro”. “It is St. Germain

resurrected who plays the


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violin in the body of an Italian skeleton ”, exclaimed a Lithuanian baron who

had heard both.

He never laid claim to spiritual powers, but proved to have a right to such

claim. He used to pass into a dead trance from thirty-seven to forty-nine hours

without awakening, and then knew all he had to know, and demonstrated the fact

by prophesying futurity and never making a mistake. It is he who prophesied

before the Kings Louis XV. and XVI., and the unfortunate Marie Antoinette. Many

were the still living witnesses in the first quarter of this century who

testified to his marvellous memory; he could read a paper in the morning and,

though hardly glancing at it, could repeat its contents without missing one word

days afterwards; he could write with two hands at once, the right hand writing a

piece of poetry, the left a diplomatic paper of the greatest importance. He read

sealed letters without touching them, while still in the hand of those who

brought them to him. He was the greatest adept in transmuting metals, making

gold and the most marvellous diamonds, an art, he said, he had learned from

certain Brahmans in India, who taught him the artificial crystallisation

(“quickening”) of pure carbon. As our Brother Kenneth Mackenzie has it :—“ In

1780, when on a visit to the French Ambassador to the Hague, he broke to pieces

with a hammer a superb diamond of his own manufacture, the counterpart of which,

also manufactured by himself, he had just before sold to a jeweller for 5500

louis d’or”. He was the friend and confidant of Count Orloff in 1772 at Vienna,

whom he had helped and saved in St. Petersburg in 1762, when concerned in the

famous political conspiracies of that time; he also became intimate with

Frederick the Great of Prussia. As a matter of course, he had numerous enemies,

and therefore it is not to be wondered at if all the gossip invented about him

is now attributed to his own confessions: e.g., that he was over five hundred

years old; also, that he claimed personal intimacy “with the Saviour and his

twelve Apostles, and that he had reproved Peter for his bad temper ”—the latter

clashing somewhat in point of time with the former, if he had really claimed to

be only five hundred years old. if he said that “he had been born in Chaldea and

professed to possess the secrets of the Egyptian magicians and sages ”, he may

have spoken truth without making any miraculous claim. There are Initiates, and

not the highest either, who are placed in a condition to remember more than one

of their past lives. But we have good reason to know that St. Germain could

never have claimed “personal intimacy ” with the Saviour. How ever that may be,

Count St. Germain was certainly the greatest Oriental Adept Europe has seen

during the last centuries. But Europe knew him not. Perchance some may recognise

him at the next Terreur which will affect all Europe when it comes, and not one

country alone.


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Sthâla Mâyâ (Sk.). Gross, concrete and—because differentiated— an illusion.

 

Sthâna (Sk.). Also Ayâna; the place or abode of a god.

 

Sthâvara (Sk). From sthâ to stay or remain motionless. The term for all

conscious, sentient objects deprived of the power of locomotion—fixed and rooted

like the trees or plants; while all those sentient things, which add motion to a

certain degree of consciousness, are called Jangama, from gam, to move, to go.

 

Sthâvirâh, or Sthâviranikaya (Sk.). One of the earliest philosophical

contemplative schools, founded 300 B.c. In the year 247 before the Christian

era, it split into three divisions: the Mahâvihâra Vâsinâh (School of the great

monasteries), Jêtavaniyâh, and Abhayagiri Vâsinâh. It is one of the four

branches of the Vaibhâchika School founded by Kâtyâyana, one of the great

disciples of Lord Gautama Buddha, the author of the Abhidharma Jnana Prasthâna

Shastra, who is expected to reappear as a Buddha.

(See “Abhayagiri ”, etc.) All these schools are highly mystical. Lit.,

Stâviranikaya is translated the

“ School of the Chairman” or “President” (Chohan).

 

Sthirâtman (Sk.). Eternal, supreme, applied to the Universal Soul.

 

Sthiti (Sk.). The attribute of preservation; stability.

 

Sthûla (Sk.). Differentiated and conditioned matter.

 

Sthûla Sarîram (Sk.). In metaphysics, the gross physical body.

 

Sthûlopadhi (Sk.). A “principle” answering to the lower triad in man, i.e.,

body, astral form,

and life, in the Târaka Râja Yoga system, which names only three chief

principles in man. Sthûlopadhi corresponds to the jagrata, or waking conscious

state.

 

Stûpa (Sk.). A conical monument, in India and Ceylon, erected over relics of

Buddha, Arhats, or other great men.

 

Subhâva (Sk.). Being; the self-forming substance, or that “substance which gives

substance to itself ”. (See the Ekasloha Shâstra of Nâgârjuna.) Explained

paradoxically, as “the nature which has no nature of its own ”, and again as

that which is with, and without, action. (See “Svabhâvat”.) This is the Spirit

within Substance, the ideal cause of the potencies acting on the work of

formative evolution (not “creation” in the sense usually attached to the word);

which potencies become in turn the real causes. In the words used in the Vedânta

and Vyâya Philosophies: nimitta, the efficient, and upâdâna, the material,

causes are contained in Subhâva co-eternally. Says a Sanskrit Sloka:

“ Worthiest of ascetics, through its potency [ that of the “efficient” cause]

every created thing comes by its proper nature ”.


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Substance. Theosophists use the word in a dual sense, qualifying substance as

perceptible and imperceptible; and making a distinction between material,

psychic and spiritual substances

(see “Sudda Satwa”), into ideal (i.e., existing on higher planes) and real

substance.

 

Suchi (Sk.). A name of Indra; also of the third son of Abhimânin, son of Agni;

i.e., one of the primordial forty-nine fires.

 

Su-darshana (Sk.). The Discus of Krishna; a flaming weapon that plays a great

part in Krishna’s biographies.

 

Sudda Satwa (Sk.). A substance not subject to the qualities of matter; a

luminiferous and (to us) invisible substance, of which the bodies of the Gods

and highest Dhyânis are formed. Philosophically, Suddha Satwa is a conscious

state of spiritual Ego-ship rather than any essence.

 

Suddhodana (Sk.). The King of Kapilavastu; the father of Gautama Lord Buddha.

 

Sudhâ (Sk.). The food of the gods, akin to amrita the substance that gives

immortality.

 

S’udra (Sk.). The last of the four castes that sprang from Brahmâ’s body. The

“servile caste” that issued from the foot of the deity.

 

Sudyumna (Sk.). An epithet of Ila (or Ida), the offspring of Vaivasvata Manu and

his fair daughter who sprang from his sacrifice when he was left alone after the

flood. Sudyumna was an androgynous creature, one month a male and the other a

female.

 

Suffism (Gr.). From the root of Sophia, “Wisdom ”. A mystical sect in Persia

something like the Vedantins; though very strong in numbers, none but very

intelligent men join it. They claim, and very justly, the possession of the

esoteric philosophy and doctrine of true Mohammedanism. The Suffi (or Sofi)

doctrine is a good deal in touch with Theosophy, inasmuch as it preaches one

universal creed, and outward respect and tolerance for every popular exoteric

faith. It is also in touch with Masonry. The Suffis have four degrees and four

stages of initiation:1st, probationary, with a strict outward observance of

Mussulman rites, the hidden meaning of each ceremony and dogma being explained

to the candidate; 2nd, metaphysical training; 3rd, the “Wisdom” degree, when the

candidate is initiated into the innermost nature of things; and 4th final Truth,

when the Adept attains divine powers, and complete union with the One Universal

Deity in ecstacy or Samâdhi.

 

Sugata (Sk.). One of the Lord Buddha’s titles, having many meanings.

 

Sukhab (Chald.). One of the seven Babylonian gods.

                                                                                

             
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Sukhâvati (Sk.). The Western Paradise of the uneducated rabble. The popular

notion is that there is a Western Paradise of Amitâbha, wherein good men and

saints revel in physical delights until they are carried once more by Karma into

the circle of rebirth. This is an exaggerated and mistaken notion of Devâchân.

 

Suki (Sk.). A daughter of Rishi Kashyapa, wife of Garuda, the king of the birds,

the vehicle of Vishnu; the mother of parrots, owls and crows.

 

Sukra (Sk.). A name of the planet Venus, called also Usanas. In this

impersonation Usanas is the Guru and preceptor of the Daityas—the giants of the

earth—in the Purânas.

 

Sûkshma Sarîra (Sk.).   The dream-like, illusive body akin to Mânasarûpa or

“thought-body ”. It is the vesture of the gods, or the Dhyânis and the Devas.

Written also Sukshama Sharîra and called Sukshmopadhi by the Târaka Râja Yogis.

(Secret Doctrine, I.,157)

 

Sûkshmopadhi (Sk.). In Târaka Râja Yoga the “principle” containing both the

higher and the lower Manas and Kâma. It corresponds to the Manomaya Kosha of the

Vedantic classification and to the Svapna state. (See “Svapna ”.)

 

Su-Mêru (Sk.). The same as Meru, the world-mountain. The prefix Su implies the

laudation and exaltation of the object or personal name which follows it.

 

Summerland. The name given by the American Spiritualists and Phenomenalists to

the land or region inhabited after death by their “Spirits”. It is situated,

says Andrew Jackson Davis, either within or beyond the Milky Way. It is

described as having cities and beautiful buildings, a Congress Hall, museums and

libraries for the instruction of the growing generations of young “ Spirits ”.

We are not told whether the latter are subject to disease, decay and death; but

unless they are, the claim that the disembodied “Spirit” of a child and even

still-born babe grows and develops as an adult is hardly consistent with logic.

But that which we are distinctly told is, that in the Summerland Spirits are

given in marriage, beget spiritual (?) children, and are even concerned with

politics. All this is no satire or exaggeration of ours, since the numerous

works by Mr. A. Jackson Davis are there to prove it, e.g., the International

Congress of Spirits by that author, as well as we remember the title. It is this

grossly materialistic way of viewing a disembodied spirit that has turned many

of the present Theosophists away from Spiritualism and its “philosophy”. The

majesty of death is thus desecrated, and its awful and solemn mystery becomes no

better than a farce.


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Sunasepha (Sk.). The Purânic “Isaac”; the son of the sage Rishika who sold him

for one hundred cows to King Ambarisha, for a sacrifice and “burnt offering” to

Varuna, as a substitute for the king’s son Rohita, devoted by his father to the

god. When already stretched on the altar Sunasepha is saved by Rishi Visvâmitra,

who calls upon his own hundred sons to take the place of the victim, and upon

their refusal degrades them to the condition of Chândâlas. After which the Sage

teaches the victim a mantram the repetition of which brings the gods to his

rescue; he then adopts Sunasepha for his elder son.

(See Râmâyana.) There are different versions of this story.

 

Sung-Ming-Shu (Chin.). The Chinese tree of knowledge and tree of life.

 

Sûnya (Sk.). Illusion, in the sense that all existence is but a phantom, a

dream, or a shadow.

 

Sunyatâ (Sk.). Void, space, nothingness. The name of our objective universe in

the sense of its unreality and illusiveness.

 

Suoyator (Fin.). In the epic poem of the Finns, the Kalevala, the name for the

primordial Spirit of Evil, from whose saliva the serpent of sin was born.

 

Surabhi (Sk.). The “cow of plenty ”; a fabulous creation, one of the fourteen

precious things yielded by the ocean of milk when churned by the gods. A “cow”

which yields every desire to its possessor.

 

Surarânî (Sk.). A title of Aditi, the mother of the gods or suras.

 

Suras (Sk.). A general term for gods, the same as devas; the contrary to asuras

or “no-gods“.

 

Su-rasâ (Sk.). A daughter of Daksha, Kashyapa’s wife, and the mother of a

thousand many-headed serpents and dragons.

 

Surpa (Sk.). “Winnower.”

 

Surtur (Scand.). The leader of the fiery sons of Muspel in the Eddas.

 

Surukâya (Sk). One of the “Seven Buddhas”, or Sapta Tathâgata.

 

Sûryâ (Sk.). The Sun, worshipped in the Vedas. The offspring of Aditi (Space),

the mother of the gods. The husband of Sanjnâ, or spiritual consciousness. The

great god whom Visvakârman, his father-in-law, the creator of the gods and men,

and their “carpenter”, crucifies on a lathe, and cutting off the eighth part of

his rays, deprives his head of its effulgency, creating round it a dark aureole.

A mystery of the last initiation, and an allegorical representation of it.

 

Sûryasiddhânta (Sk.). A Sanskrit treatise on astronomy.

 

Sûryavansa (Sk). The solar race. A Sûrayavansee is one who claims descent from

the lineage headed by Ikshvâku. Thus, while Râma


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belonged to the Ayodhyâ Dynasty of the Sûryavansa, Krishna belonged to the line

of Yadu of the lunar race, or the Chandravansa, as did Gautama Buddha.

 

Sûryâvarta (Sk.). A degree or stage of Samâdhi.

 

Sushumnâ (Sk.). The solar ray—the first of the seven rays. Also the name of a

spinal nerve which connects the heart with the Brahmarandra, and plays a most

important part in Yoga practices.

 

Sushupti Avasthâ (Sk.). Deep sleep; one of the four aspects of Prânava.

 

Sûtra (Sk.). The second division of the sacred writings, addressed to the

Buddhist laity.

 

Sûtra Period (Sk.). One of the periods into which Vedic literature is divided.

 

Sûtrâtman (Sk.). Lit., “the thread of spirit”; the immortal Ego, the

Individuality which incarnates in men one life after the other, and upon which

are strung, like beads on a string, his countless Personalities. The universal

life-supporting air, Samashti prau; universal energy.

 

Svabhâvat (Sk.). Explained by the Orientalists as “plastic substance”, which is

an inadequate definition. Svabhâvat is the world-substance and stuff, or rather

that which is behind it—the spirit and essence of substance. The name comes from

Subhâva and is composed of three words—su, good, perfect, fair, handsome; sva,

self; and bkâva, being, or state of being. From it all nature proceeds and into

it all returns at the end of the life-cycles. In Esotericism it is called

“Father-Mother”. It is the plastic essence of matter.

 

Svâbhâvika (Sk.). The oldest existing school of Buddhism. They assigned the

manifestation of the universe and physical phenomena to Svabhâva or respective

nature of things. According to Wilson the Svabhâvas of things are “the inherent

properties of the qualities by which they act, as soothing, terrific or

stupefying, and the forms Swarûpas are the distinction of biped, quadruped,

brute, fish, animal and the like ”.

 

Svadhâ (Sk.). Oblation; allegorically called “the wife of the Pitris ”, the

Agnishwattas and Barhishads.

 

Svâhâ (Sk). A customary exclamation meaning “May it be perpetuated” or rather,

“so be it”. When used at ancestral sacrifices (Brahmanic), it means “ May the

race be perpetuated!”

 

Svapada (Sk.). Protoplasm, cells, or microscopic organisms.

 

Svapna (Sk). A trance or dreamy condition. Clairvoyance.

 

Svapna  Avasthâ (Sk.). A dreaming state; one of the four aspects of Prânava; a

Yoga practice.


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Svarâj (Sk.). The last or seventh (synthetical) ray of the seven solar rays; the

same as Brahmâ. These seven rays are the entire gamut of the seven occult forces

(or gods) of nature, as their respective names well prove. These are: Sushumnâ

(the ray which transmits sunlight to the moon); Harikesha, Visvakarman,

Visvatryarchas, Sannadhas, Sarvâvasu, and Svarâj. As each stands for one of the

creative gods or Forces, it is easy to see how important were the functions of

the sun in the eyes of antiquity, and why it was deified by the profane.

 

Svarga (Sk.). A heavenly abode, the same as Indra-loka; a paradise. It is the

same as—

 

Svar-loka (Sk.). The paradise on Mount Meru.

 

Svasam Vedanâ (Sk.). Lit., “the reflection which analyses itself ”; a synonym of

Paramârtha.

 

Svastika (Sk.). In popular notions, it is the Jaina cross, or the “four-footed”

cross (croix cramponnée). In Masonic teachings, “the most ancient Order of the

Brotherhood of the Mystic Cross” is said to have been founded by Fohi, 1,027

B.C., and introduced into China fifty-two years later, consisting of the three

degrees. In Esoteric Philosophy, the most mystic and ancient diagram. It is “the

originator of the fire by friction, and of the ‘ Forty-nine Fires’.” Its symbol

was stamped on Buddha’s heart, and therefore called the “ Heart’s Seal”. It is

laid on the breasts of departed Initiates after their death ; and it is

mentioned with the greatest respect in the Râmâyana. Engraved on every rock,

temple and prehistoric building of India, and wherever Buddhists have left their

landmarks; it is also found in China, Tibet and Siam, and among the ancient

Germanic nations as Thor’s Hammer. As described by Eitel in his Hand-Book of

Chinese Buddhism. . (1) it is “found among Bonpas and Buddhists”; (2) it is “one

of the sixty-five figures of the Sripâda” ; ( it is “the symbol of esoteric

Buddhism” ; (4) “the special mark of all deities worshipped by the Lotus School

of China”. Finally, and in Occultism, it is as sacred to us as the Pythagorean

Tetraktys, of which it is indeed the double symbol.

 

Svastikâsana (Sk.). The second of the four principal postures of the eighty-four

prescribed in Hatha Yoga practices.

 

Svayambhû (Sk.). A metaphysical and philosophical term, meaning “the

spontaneously self-produced” or the “self-existent being ”. An epithet of

Brahmâ. Svâyambhuva is also the name of the first Manu.

 

Svayambhû Sûnyatâ (Sk.). Spontaneous self-evolution; self-existence of the real

in the unreal, i.e., of the Eternal Sat in the periodical Asat.

 

Sveta (Sk.). A serpent-dragon; a son of Kashyapa.

 

Sveta-dwîpa (Sk.). Lit., the White Island or Continent; one of the


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Sapta-dwipa. Colonel Wilford sought to identify it with Great Britain, but

failed.

 

Sveta-lohita (Sk.). The name of Siva when he appears in the 29th Kalpa as “a

moon-coloured Kumâra”.

 

Swedenborg, Emmanuel. The great Swedish seer and mystic. He was born on the 29th

January, 1688, and was the son of Dr. Jasper Swedberg, bishop of Skara, in West

Gothland; and died in London, in Great Bath Street, Clerkenwell, on March 29th,

1772. Of all mystics, Swedenborg has certainly influenced “Theosophy” the most,

yet he left a far more profound impress on official science. For while as an

astronomer, mathematician, physiologist, naturalist, and philosopher he had no

rival, in psychology and metaphysics he was certainly behind his time. When

forty-six years of age, he became a “Theosophist”, and a “seer”; but, although

his life had been at all times blameless and respectable, he was never a true

philanthropist or an ascetic. His clairvoyant powers, however, were very

remarkable; but they did not go beyond this plane of matter; all that he says of

subjective worlds and spiritual beings is evidently far more the outcome of his

exuberant fancy, than of his spiritual insight. He left behind him numerous

works, which are sadly misinterpreted by his followers.

 

Sylphs. The Rosicrucian name for the elementals of the air.

 

Symbolism. The pictorial expression of an idea or a thought. Primordial writing

had at first no characters, but a symbol generally stood for a whole phrase or

sentence. A symbol is thus a recorded parable, and a parable a spoken symbol.

The Chinese written language is nothing more than symbolical writing, each of

its several thousand letters being-a symbol.

 

Syzygy (Gr.). A Gnostic term, meaning a pair or couple, one active, the other

passive.

Used especially of Æons.

 

                         

T  


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T.—The twentieth letter of the alphabet. In the Latin Alphabet its value was

160, and, with a dash over it (T) signified 160,000. It is the last letter of

the Hebrew alphabet, the Tau whose equivalents are T, TH, and numerical value

400. Its symbols are as a tau, a cross +, the foundation framework of

construction; and as a teth (T), the ninth letter, a snake and the basket of the

Eleusinian mysteries.

 

Taaroa (Tah.). The creative power and chief god of the Tahitians.

 

Tab-nooth (Heb.). Form; a Kabbalist term.

 

Tad-aikya (Sk.). “Oneness”; identification or unity with the Absolute. The

universal, unknowable Essence (Parahrahm) has no name in the Vedas but is

referred to generally as Tad, “ That”.

 

Tafne (Eg.). A goddess; daughter of the sun, represented with the head of a

lioness.

 

Tahmurath (Pers.). The Iranian Adam, whose steed was Simorgh Anke, the

griffin-phœnix or infinite cycle. A repetition or reminiscence of Vishnu and

Garuda.

 

Tahor (Heb.). Lit., Mundus, the world; a name given to the Deity, which

identification indicates a belief in Pantheism.

 

Taht Esmun (Eg.). The Egyptian Adam; the first human ancestor.

 

Taijasi (Sk.). The radiant, flaming—from Tejas “fire”; used sometimes to

designate the Mânasa-rûpa, the “thought-body ”, and also the stars.

 

Tairyagyonya (Sk.). The fifth creation, or rather the fifth stage of creation,

that of the lower animals, reptiles, etc. (See “ Tiryaksrotas ”.)

 

Taittrîya (Sk.). A Brâhmana of the Yajur Veda.

 

Talapoin (Siam.). A Buddhist monk and ascetic in Siam; some of these ascetics

are credited with great magic powers.

 

Talisman. From the Arabic tilism or tilsam, a “magic image”. An object, whether

in stone, metal, or sacred wood; often a piece of parchment filled with

characters and images traced under certain planetary influences in magical

formulæ given by one versed in occult sciences to one unversed, either with the

object of preserving him from evil, or for the accomplishment of certain

desires. The greatest virtue and efficacy of the talisman, however, resides in

the faith of its possessor;


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not because of the credulity of the latter, or that it possesses no virtue, but

because faith is a quality endowed with a most potent creative power; and

therefore—unconsciously to the believer—intensifies a hundredfold the power

originally imparted to the talisman by its maker.

 

Talmidai Hakhameem (Heb.). A class of mystics and Kabbalists whom the Zohar

calls “Disciples of the Wise”, and who were Sârisim or voluntary eunuchs,

becoming such for spiritual motives. (See Matthew xix., 11-12, a passage

implying the laudation of such an act.)

 

Talmud (Heb.). Rabbinic Commentaries on the Jewish faith. It is composed of two

parts, the older Mishnah, and the more modern Gemara. Hebrews, who call the

Pentateuch the written law, call the Talmud the unwritten or oral law. [w.w.w.]

The Talmud contains the civil and canonical laws of the Jews, who claim a great

sanctity for it. For, save the above-stated difference between the Pentateuch

and the Talmud, the former, they say, can claim no priority over the latter, as

both were received simultaneously by Moses on Mount Sinai from Jehovah, who

wrote the one and delivered the other orally.

 

Tamâla Pattra (Sk.). Stainless, pure, sage-like. Also the name of a leaf of the

Laurus Cassia, a tree regarded as having various very occult and magical

properties.

 

Tamarisk, or Erica. A sacred tree in Egypt of great occult virtues. Many of the

temples were surrounded with such trees, pre-eminently one at Philæ, sacred

among the sacred, as the body of Osiris was s to lie buried under it.

 

Tamas (Sk.). The quality of darkness, “foulness” and inertia; also of ignorance,

as matter is blind. A term used in metaphysical philosophy. It is the lowest of

the three gunas or fundamental qualities.

 

Tammuz (Syr.). A Syrian deity worshipped by idolatrous Hebrews as well as by

Syrians. The women of Israel held annual lamentations over Adonis (that

beautiful youth being identical with Tammuz). The feast held in his honour was

solstitial, and began with the new moon, in the month of Tammuz (July), taking

place chiefly at Byblos in Phœnicia; but it was also celebrated as late as the

fourth century of our era at Bethlehem, as we find St. Jerome writing (Epistles

p. 9) his lamentations in these words: “Over Bethlehem, the grove of Tammuz,

that is of Adonis, was casting its shadow! And in the grotto where formerly the

infant Jesus cried, the lover of Venus was being mourned.” Indeed, in the

Mysteries of Tammuz or Adonis a whole week was spent in lamentations and

mourning. The funereal processions were succeeded by a fast, and later by

rejoicings; for after the fast Adonis-Tammuz was regarded as raised from the

dead, and wild orgies of joy, of eating and


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drinking, as now in Easter week, went on uninterruptedly for several days.

 

Tamra-Parna (Sk.). Ceylon, the ancient Taprobana.

 

Tamti (Chald.). A goddess, the same as Belita. Tamti-Belita is the personified

Sea, the mother of the City of Erech, the Chaldean Necropolis. Astronomically,

Tamti is Astoreth or Istar, Venus.

 

Tanaim (Heb.). Jewish Initiates, very learned Kabbalists in ancient times. The

Talmud contains sundry legends about them and gives the chief names among them.

 

Tanga-Tango (Peruv.). An idol much reverenced by the Peruvians. It is the symbol

of the Triune or the Trinity, “One in three, and three in One”, and existed

before our era.

 

Tanha (Pali). The thirst for life. Desire to live and clinging to life on this

earth. This clinging is that which causes rebirth or reincarnation.

 

Tanjur (Tib.). A collection of Buddhist works translated from the Sanskrit into

Tibetan and Mongolian. It is the more voluminous canon, comprising 225 large

volumes on miscellaneous subjects. The Kanjur, which contains the commandments

or the “Word of the Buddha ”, has only 108 volumes.

 

Tanmâtras (Sk.). The types or rudiments of the five Elements; the subtile

essence of these, devoid of all qualities and identical with the properties of

the five basic Elements—earth, water, fire, air and ether; i.e., the tanmâtras

are, in one of their aspects, smell, taste, touch, sight, and hearing.

 

Tantra (Sk.). Lit., “rule or ritual”. Certain mystical and magical works, whose

chief peculiarity is the worship of the female power, personified in Sakti. Devî

or Durgâ (Kâlî, Siva’s wife) is the special energy connected with sexual rites

and magical powers-The worst form of black magic or sorcery.

 

Tântrika (Sk) Ceremonies connected with the above worship. Sakti having a

two-fold nature, white and black, good and bad, the Saktas are divided into two

classes, the Dakshinâchâris and Vâmâchâris, or the right-hand and the left-hand

Saktas, i.e., “white” and “black” magicians. The worship of the latter is most

licentious and immoral.

 

Tao (Chin.). The name of the philosophy of Lao-tze.

 

Taöer (Eg.). The female Typhon, the hippopotamus, called also Ta-ur, Ta-op-oer,

etc. ; she is the Thoueris of the Greeks. This wife of Typhon was represented as

a monstrous hippopotamus, sitting on her hind legs with a knife in one hand and

the sacred knot in the other the pâsa of Siva). Her back was covered with the

scales of a crocodile,


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and she had a crocodile’s tail. She is also called Teb, whence the name of

Typhon is also, sometimes, Tebh. On a monument of the sixth dynasty she is

called “the nurse of the gods”. She was feared in Egypt even more than Typhon.

(See “ Typhon”.)

 

Tao-teh-king (Chin.). Lit., “The Book of the Perfectibility of Nature” written

by the great philosopher Lao-tze. It is a kind of cosmogony which contains all

the fundamental tenets of Esoteric Cosmo genesis. Thus he says that in the

beginning there was naught but limitless and boundless Space. All that lives and

is, was born in it, from the “Principle which exists by Itself, developing

Itself from Itself”, i.e., Swabhâvat. As its name is unknown and it essence is

unfathomable, philosophers have called it Tao (Anima Mundi), the uncreate,

unborn and eternal energy of nature, manifesting periodically. Nature as well as

man when it reaches purity will reach rest, and then all become one with Tao,

which is the source of all bliss and felicity. As in the Hindu and Buddhistic

philosophies, such purity and bliss and immortality can only be reached through

the exercise of virtue and the perfect quietude of our worldly spirit; the human

mind has to control and finally subdue and even crush the turbulent action of

man’s physical nature; and the sooner he reaches the required degree of moral

purification, the happier he will feel. (See Annales du Musée Guimet, Vols. XI.

and XII.; Etudes sur lie Religion des Chinois, by Dr. Groot.) As the famous

Sinologist, Pauthier, remarked: “Human Wisdom can never use language more holy

and profound ”.

 

Tapas (Sk.). “Abstraction”, “meditation”. “To perform tapas” is to sit for

contemplation. Therefore ascetics are often called Tâpasas.

 

Tâpasâ-tarû (Sk.). The Sesamum Orientate, a tree very sacred among the ancient

ascetics of China and Tibet.

 

Tapasvî (Sk.). Ascetics and anchorites of every religion, whether Buddhist,

Brahman, or Taoist.

 

Taphos (Gr.). Tomb, the sarcophagus placed in the Adytum and used for purposes

of initiation.

 

Tapo-loka (Sk.). The domain of the fire-devas named Vairâjas. It is known as the

“world of the seven sages ”, and also “the realm of penance ”. One of the

Shashta-loka (Six worlds) above our own, which is the seventh.

 

Târâ (Sk.). The wife of Brihaspati (Jupiter), carried away by King Soma, the

Moon, an act which led to the war of the Gods with the Asuras. Târâ personifies

mystic knowledge as opposed to ritualistic faith. She is the mother (by Soma) of

Buddha, “Wisdom ”.

 

Târakâ (Sk) Described as Dânava or Daitya, i.e., a “Giant-


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Demon”, whose superhuman austerities as a yogi made the gods tremble for their

power and supremacy. Said to have been killed by Kârttikeya. (See Secret

Doctrine, II., 382.)

 

Târakâmaya (Sk.). The first war in Heaven through Târâ.

 

Târakâ Râja Yoga (Sk.). One of the Brahminical Yoga systems for the development

of purely spiritual powers and knowledge which lead to Nirvâna.

 

Targum (Chald.). Lit., “Interpretation”, from the root targem to interpret.

Paraphrases of Hebrew Scriptures. Some of the Targums are very mystical, the

Aramaic (or Targumatic) language being used all through the Zohar and other

Kabbalistic works. To distinguish this language from the Hebrew, called the

“face ” of the sacred tongue, it is referred to as ahorayim, the “ back part ”,

the real meaning of which must be read between the lines, according to certain

methods given to students. The Latin word tergum, “back ”, is derived from the

Hebrew or rather Aramaic and Chaldean targum. The Book of Daniel begins in

Hebrew, and is fully comprehensible till chap. ii., V. 4, when the Chaldees (the

Magician-Initiates) begin speaking to the king in Aramaic—not in Syriac, as

mistranslated in the Protestant Bible. Daniel speaks in Hebrew before

interpreting the king’s dream to him; but explains the dream itself (chap. vii.)

in Aramaic. “ So in Ezra iv., v. and vi., the words of the kings being there

literally quoted, all matters connected therewith are in Aramaic ”, says Isaac

Myer in his Qabbalah. The Targumim are of different ages, the latest already

showing signs of the Massoretic or vowel-system, which made them still more full

of intentional blinds. The precept of the Pirke Aboth (c. i., i), “ Make a fence

to the Thorah ” (law), has indeed been faithfully followed in the Bible as in

the Targumim ; and wise is he who would interpret either correctly, unless he is

an old Occultist-Kabbalist.

 

Tashilhûmpa (Tib.). The great centre of monasteries and colleges, three hours’

walk from Tchigadze, the residence of the Teshu Lama for details of whom see

“Panchen Rimboche”. It was built in 1445 by the order of Tson-kha-pa.

 

Tassissudun (Tib.). Lit., “the holy city of the doctrine” inhabited,

nevertheless, by more Dugpas than Saints. It is the residential capital in

Bhutan of the ecclesiastical Head of the Bhons—the Dharma Râjâ. The latter,

though professedly a Northern Buddhist, is simply a worshipper of the old

demon-gods of the aborigines, the nature-sprites or elementals, worshipped in

the land before the introduction of Buddhism. All strangers are prevented from

penetrating into Eastern or Great Tibet, and the few scholars who venture on

their travels into those forbidden regions, are permitted to penetrate no

further


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than the border-lands of the land of Bod. They journey about Bhutan, Sikkhim,

and elsewhere on the frontiers of the country, but can learn or know nothing of

true Tibet; hence, nothing of the true Northern Buddhism or Lamaism of

Tsong-kha-pa. And yet, while describing no more than the rites and beliefs of

the Bhons and the travelling Shamans, they assure the world they are giving it

the pure Northern Buddhism, and comment on its great fall from its pristine

purity.

 

Tat (Eg.). An Egyptian symbol: an upright round standard tapering toward the

summit, with four cross-pieces placed on the top. It was used as an amulet. The

top part is a regular equilateral cross. This, on its phallic basis, represented

the two principles of creation, the male and the female, and related to nature

and cosmos ; but when the tat stood by itself, crowned with the atf ( or atef ),

the triple crown of Horus—two feathers with the uræus in front—it represented

the septenary man ; the cross, or the two cross-pieces, standing for the lower

quaternary, and the atf  for the higher triad. As Dr. Birch well remarks:

“ The four horizontal bars . . . represent the four foundations of all things,

the tat being an emblem of stability”.

 

Tathâgata (Sk.). “One who is like the coming”; he who is, like his predecessors

(the Buddhas) and successors, the coming future Buddha or World-Saviour. One of

the titles of Gautama Buddha, and the highest epithet, since the first and the

last Buddhas were the direct immediate avatars of the One Deity.

 

Tathâgatagupta (Sk.). Secret or concealed Tathâgata, or the “guardian”

protecting Buddhas: used of the Nirmânakayas.

 

Tattwa (Sk.). Eternally existing “ That ”; also, the different principles in

Nature, in their occult meaning. Tattwa Samâsa is a work of Sânkhya philosophy

attributed to Kapila himself.

Also the abstract principles of existence or categories, physical and

metaphysical. The subtle elements—five exoterically, seven in esoteric

philosophy——which are correlative to the five and the seven senses on the

physical plane ; the last two senses are as yet latent in man, but will be

developed in the two last root-races.

 

Tau (Heb.). That which has now become the square Hebrew letter tau, but was ages

before the invention of the Jewish alphabet, the Egyptian handled cross, the

crux ansata of the Latins, and identical with the Egyptian ankh. This mark

belonged exclusively, and still belongs, to the Adepts of every country. As

Kenneth R. F. Mackenzie shows, “It was a symbol of salvation and consecration,

and as such has been adopted as a Masonic symbol in the Royal Arch Degree ”. It

is also called the astronomical cross, and was used by the ancient Mexicans—


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as its presence on one of the palaces at Palenque shows—as well as by the

Hindus, who placed the tau as a mark on the brows of their Chelas.

 

Taurus (Lat.). A most mysterious constellation of the Zodiac, one connected with

all the “First-born” solar gods. Taurus is under the asterisk A, which is its

figure in the Hebrew alphabet, that of Aleph; and therefore that constellation

is called the “ One ”, the “ First ”, after the said letter. Hence, the “

First-born”

to all of whom it was made sacred. The Bull is the symbol of force and

procreative power—the Logos ; hence, also, the horns on the head of Isis, the

female aspect of Osiris and Horus. Ancient mystics saw the ansated cross, in the

horns of Taurus (the upper portion of the Hebrew Aleph) pushing away the Dragon,

and Christians connected the sign and constellation with Christ. St. Augustine

calls it “the great City of God ”, and the Egyptians called it the “interpreter

of the divine voice ”, the Apis-Pacis of Hermonthis.

(See “ Zodiac ”.)

 

Taygete (Gr.). One of the seven daughters of Atlas third, who became later one

of the Pleiades. These seven daughters are said to typify the seven sub-races of

the fourth root-race, that of the Atlanteans.

 

[ Sanskrit words commencing with the letters Tch are, owing to faulty

transliteration, misplaced, and should come under  C.]

 

Tchaitya (Sk.). Any locality made sacred through some event in the life of

Buddha ; a term signifying the same in relation to gods, and any kind of place

or object of worship.

 

Tchakchur (Sk.). The first Vidjnâna (q.v.). Lit., “the eye”, meaning the faculty

of sight, or rather, an occult perception of spiritual and subjective realities

(Chakshur).

 

Tchakra, or Chakra (Sk.). A spell. The disk of Vishnu, which served as a weapon;

the wheel of the Zodiac, also the wheel of time, etc. With Vishnu, it was a

symbol of divine authority. One of the sixty-five figures of the Sripâda, or the

mystic foot-print of Buddha which contains that number of symbolical figures.

The Tchakra is used in mesmeric phenomena and other abnormal practices.

 

Tchandâlas, or Chhandâlas (Sk.). Outcasts, or people without caste, a name now

given to all the lower classes of the Hindus; but in antiquity it was applied to

a certain class of men, who, having forfeited their right to any of the four

castes-—Brâhmans, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas and Sûdras—were expelled from cities and

sought refuge in the forests. Then they became “bricklayers ”, until finally

expelled they left the country, some 4,000 years before our era. Some see in

them the


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ancestors of the earlier Jews, whose tribes began with A-brahm or “ No Brahm ”.

To this day it is the class most despised by the Brahmins in India.

 

Tchandragupta, or Chandragupta (Sk.). The son of Nanda, the first Buddhist King

of the Morya Dynasty, the grandfather of King Asoka, “the beloved of the gods”

(Piyadasi).

 

Tchatur Mahârâja (Sk.). The “four kings ”, Devas, who guard the four quarters of

the universe, and are connected with Karma.

 

Tcherno-Bog (Slavon.). Lit., “black god”; the chief deity of the ancient

Slavonian nations.

 

Tchertchen. An oasis in Central Asia, situated about 4,000 feet above the river

Tchertchen Darya ; the very hot-bed and centre of ancient civilization,

surrounded on all sides by numberless ruins, above and below ground, of cities,

towns, and burial-places of every description. As the late Colonel Prjevalski

reported, the oasis is inhabited by some 3,000 people “representing the relics

of about a hundred nations and races now extinct, the very names of which are at

present unknown to ethnologists”.

 

Tchhanda Riddhi Pâda (Sk.). “The step of desire”, a term used in Râja Yoga. It

is the final renunciation of all desire as a sine quânon condition of phenomenal

powers, and entrance on the direct path of Nirvâna.

 

Tchikitsa Vidyâ Shâstra (Sk.). A treatise on occult medicine, which contains a

number of

“ magic ” prescriptions. It is one of the Pancha Vidyâ Shâstras or Scriptures.

 

Tchîna (Sk) The name of China in Buddhist works, the land being so called since

the Tsin dynasty, which was established in the year 349 before our era.

 

Tchitta Riddhi Pâda (Sk) “ The step of memory.” The third condition of the

mystic series which leads to the acquirement of adept-ship ; i.e., the

renunciation of physical memory, and of all thoughts connected with worldly or

personal events in one’s life—benefits, personal pleasures or associations.

physical memory has to be sacrificed, and recalled by will power only when

absolutely needed. The Riddhi Pâda, lit., the four “ Steps to Riddhi ”, are the

four modes of controlling and finally of annihilating desire, memory, and

finally meditation itself— so far as these are connected with any effort of the

physical brain— meditation then becomes absolutely spiritual.

 

Tchitta Smriti Upasthâna (Sk.). One of the four aims of Smriti Upasthâna, i.e.,

the keeping ever in mind the transitory character of man’s life, and the

incessant revolution of the wheel of existence.


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Tebah (Heb.). Nature; which mystically and esoterically is the same as its

personified Elohim, the numerical value of both words— Tebah and Elohim (or

Aleim) being the same, namely 86.

 

Tefnant (Eg.). One of the three deities who inhabit “the land of the rebirth of

gods” and good men, i.e., Aamroo (Devâchân) The three deities are Scheo,

Tefnant, and Seb.

 

Telugu. One of the Dravidian languages spoken in Southern India.

 

Temura (Heb.). Lit., “Change ”. The title of one division of the practical

Kabalah, treating of the analogies between words, the relationship of which is

indicated by certain changes in position of the letters, or changes by

substituting one letter for another.

 

Ten Pythagorean Virtues. Virtues of Initiation, &c., necessary before admission.

 

(See “ Pythagoras ”.) They are identical with those prescribed by Manu, and the

Buddhist Pâramitâs

of Perfection.

 

Teraphim (Heb.). The same as Seraphim, or the Kabeiri Gods; serpent-images. The

first Teraphim, according to legend, were received by Dardanus as a dowry, and

brought by him to Samothrace and Troy. The idol-oracles of the ancient Jews.

Rebecca stole them from her father Laban.

 

Teratology. A Greek name coined by Geoffroi St. Hilaire to denote the pre-natal

formation of monsters, both human and animal.

 

Tetragrammaton. The four-lettered name of God, its Greek title: the four letters

are in Hebrew

“ yod, hé vau, hé ” ,or in English capitals, IHVH. The true ancient

pronunciation is now unknown; the sincere Hebrew considered this name too sacred

for speech, and in reading the sacred writings he substituted the title “ Adonai

”, meaning Lord. In the Kabbalah, I is associated with Chokmah, H with Binah, V

with Tiphereth, and H final with Malkuth. Christians in general call IHVH

Jehovah, and many modern Biblical scholars write it Yahveh. In the Secret

Doctrine, the name Jehovah is assigned to Sephira Binah alone, but this

attribution is not recognised by the Rosicrucian school of Kabbalists, nor by

Mathers in his translation of Knorr Von Rbsenroth’s Kabbalah Denudata: certain

Kabbalistic authorities have referred Binah alone to IHVH, but only in reference

to the Jehovah of the exoteric Judaism. The IHVH of the Kabbalah has but a faint

resemblance to the God of the Old Testament. [w.w.w.]

The Kabbalah of Knorr von Rosenroth is no authority to the Eastern Kabbalists;

because it is well known that in writing his Kabbalah Denudata he followed the

modern rather than the ancient (Chaldean) MSS.; and it is equally well known

that those MSS. and writings of the Zohar that are classified as “ancient”,

mention, and some even use, the Hebrew vowel


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or Massoretic points. This alone would make these would-be Zoharic books

spurious, as there are no direct traces of the Massorah scheme before the tenth

century of our era, nor any remote trace of it before the seventh. (See “

Tetraktys ”.)

 

Tetraktys (Gr.) or the Tetrad. The sacred “Four” by which the Pythagoreans

swore, this being their most binding oath. It has a very mystic and varied

signification, being the same as the Tetragrammaton. First of all it is Unity,

or the “ One” under four different aspects; then it is the fundamental number

Four, the Tetrad containing the Decad, or Ten, the number of perfection; finally

it signifies the primeval Triad (or Triangle) merged in the divine Monad.

Kircher, the learned Kabbalist. Jesuit, in his Œdipus -Ægvpticus (II p. 267),

gives the Ineffable Name IHVH—one of the Kabbalistic formulæ of the 72

names—arranged in the shape of the Pythagorean Tetrad. Mr. I. Myer gives it in

this wise:

 

                .                               I                              

y     =        10

            .       .                           2          The Ineffable   hy   

   =        15

        .       .      .                        3          Name thus    w hy    

   =        21

    .       .       .      .                    4                             

hw hy        =        26

                                              1O                                

                       72

He also shows that “the sacred Tetrad of the Pythagoreans appears to have been

known to the ancient Chinese”. As explained in Isis Unveiled (I, xvi.): The

mystic Decad, the resultant of the Tetraktys, or the 1+2+3+4=10, is a way of

expressing this idea. The One is the impersonal principle ‘God’; the Two,

matter; the Three, combining Monad and Duad and partaking of the nature of both,

is the phenomenal world; the Tetrad, or form of perfection, expresses the

emptiness of all; and the Decad, or sum of all, involves the entire Kosmos.

 

Thalassa (Gr.). The sea. (See “Thallath”.)

 

Thales (Gr.). The Greek philosopher of Miletus (circa 600 years B.c.) who taught

that the whole universe was produced from water, while Heraclitus of Ephesus

maintained that it was produced by fire, and Anaximenes by air. Thales, whose

real name is unknown, took his name from Thallath, in accordance with the

philosophy he taught.

 

Thallath (Chald.). The same as Thalassa. The goddess personifying the sea,

identical with Tiamat and connected with Tamti and Belita. The goddess who gave

birth to every variety of primordial monster in Berosus’ account of cosmogony.

 

Tharana (Sk.). “Mesmerism”, or rather self.induced trance or self-


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hypnotisation ; an action in India, which is of magical character and a kind of

exorcism. Lit., “to brush or sweep away” (evil influences, thârnhan meaning a

broom, and thârnhan, a duster); driving away the bad bhûts (bad aura and bad

spirits) through the mesmeriser’s beneficent will.

 

Thaumaturgy. Wonder or “miracle-working”; the power of working wonders with the

help of gods. From the Greek words thauma, “wonder”, and theurgia, “divine

work”.

 

Theanthropism. A state of being both god and man; a divine Avatar (q.v.).

 

Theiohel (Heb.). The man-producing habitable globe, our earth in the Zohar.

 

Theli (Chald.). The great Dragon said to environ the universe symbolically. In

Hebrew letters it is

TLI= 400+30+10 = 440 when “its crest [ letter] is repressed”, said the Rabbis,

40 remains, or the equivalent of Mem; M=Water, the waters above the firmament.

Evidently the same idea as symbolised by Shesha—the Serpent of Vishnu.

 

Theocrasy. Lit., “mixing of gods”. The worship of various gods, as that of

Jehovah and the gods of the Gentiles in the case of the idolatrous Jews.

 

Theodicy. “Divine right”, i.e , the privilege of an all-merciful and just God to

afflict the innocent, and damn those predestined, and still remain a loving and

just Deity theologically—a mystery.

 

Theodidaktos (Gr.). Lit., “God-taught”. Used of Ammonius Saccas, the founder of

the Neo-Platonic Eclectic School of the Philalethæ in the fourth century at

Alexandria.

 

Theogony. The genesis of the gods; that branch of all non-Christian theologies

which teaches the genealogy of the various deities. An ancient Greek name for

that which was translated later as the “genealogy of the generation of Adam and

the Patriarchs ”—the latter being all “gods and planets and zodiacal signs ”.

 

Theomachy. Fighting with, or against the gods, such, as the “War of the Titans”,

the “ War in Heaven” and the Battle of the Archangels (gods) against their

brothers the Arch-fiends (ex-gods, Asuras, etc.).

 

Theomancy. Divination through oracles, from theos, a god, and manteia,

divination.

 

Theopathy. Suffering for one’s god. Religious fanaticism.

 

Theophilanthropism (Gr.). Love to God and man, or rather, in the philosophical

sense, love of God through love of Humanity. Certain persons who during the

first revolution in France sought to replace Christianity by pure philanthropy

and reason, called themselves theophilanthropists.


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Theophilosophy. Theism and philosophy combined.

 

Theopneusty. Revelation; something given or inspired by a god or divine being.

Divine inspiration.

 

Theopœa (Gr.). A magic art of endowing inanimate figures, statues, and other

objects, with life, speech, or locomotion.

 

Theosophia (Gr.). Wisdom-religion, or “Divine Wisdom”. The substratum and basis

of all the world-religions and philosophies, taught and practised by a few elect

ever since man became a thinking being. In its practical bearing, Theosophy is

purely divine ethics; the definitions in dictionaries are pure nonsense, based

on religious prejudice and ignorance of the true spirit of the early

Rosicrucians and mediæval philosophers who called themselves Theosophists.

 

Theosophical Society, or “Universal Brotherhood”. Founded in 1875 at New York,

by Colonel H. S. Olcott and H. P. Blavatsky, helped by W. Q. Judge and several

others. Its avowed object was at first the scientific investigation of psychic

or so-called “spiritualistic” phenomena, after which its three chief objects

were declared, namely (1) Brotherhood of man, without distinction of race,

colour, religion, or social position; (2) the serious study of the ancient

world-religions for purposes of comparison and the selection therefrom of

universal ethics; (3) the study and development of the latent divine powers in

man. At the present moment it has over 250 Branches scattered all over the

world, most of which are in India, where also its chief Headquarters are

established. It is composed of several large Sections—the Indian, the American,

the Australian, and the European Sections.

 

Theosophists. A name by which many mystics at various periods of history have

called themselves. The Neo-Platonists of Alexandria were Theosophists; the

Alchemists and Kabbalists during the mediæval ages were likewise so called, also

the Martinists, the Quietists, and other kinds of mystics, whether acting

independently or incorporated in a brotherhood or society. All real lovers of

divine Wisdom and Truth had, and have, a right to the name, rather than those

who, appropriating the qualification, live lives or perform actions opposed to

the principles of Theosophy. As described by Brother Kenneth R. Mackenzie, the

Theosophists of the past centuries—“ entirely speculative, and founding no

schools, have still exercised a silent influence upon philosophy; and, no doubt,

when the time arrives, many ideas thus silently propounded may yet give new

directions to human thought. One of the ways in which these doctrines have

obtained not only authority, but power, has been among certain enthusiasts in

the higher degrees of Masonry. This power has, however, to a great degree died

with the founders, and modern Freemasonry contains few traces of theosophic


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influence. However accurate and beautiful some of the ideas of Swedenborg,

Pernetty, Paschalis, Saint Martin, Marconis, Ragon, and Chastanier may have

been, they have but little direct influence on society.” This is true of the

Theosophists of the last three centuries, but not of the later ones. For the

Theosophists of the current century have already visibly impressed themselves on

modern literature, and introduced the desire and craving for some philosophy in

place of the blind dogmatic faith of yore, among the most intelligent portions

of human-kind. Such is the difference between past and modern THEOSOPHY.

 

Therapeutæ (Gr.) or Therapeutes. A school of Esotericists, which was an inner

group within Alexandrian Judaism and not, as generally believed, a “sect”. They

were “healers” in the sense that some “Christian” and “ Mental” Scientists,

members of the T.S., are healers, while they are at the same time good

Theosophists and students of the esoteric sciences. Philo Judæus calls them

“servants of god”. As justly shown in A Dictionary of . . . Literature, Sects,

and Doctrines (Vol. IV., art. “Philo Judmus ”) in mentioning the Therapeutes—“

There appears no reason to think of a special “sect”, but rather of an esoteric

circle of illuminati, of ‘wise men’ . . . They were contemplative Hellenistic

Jews.”

 

Thermutis (Eg.). The asp-crown of the goddess Isis; also the name of the

legendary daughter of Pharaoh who is alleged to have saved Moses from the Nile.

 

Thero (Pali). A priest of Buddha. Therunnanse, also.

 

Theurgia, or Theurgy(Gr.). A communication with, and means of bringing down to

earth, planetary spirits and angels—the “gods of Light”. Knowledge of the inner

meaning of their hierarchies, and purity of life alone can lead to the

acquisition of the powers necessary for communion with them. To; arrive at such

an exalted goal the aspirant must be absolutely worthy and unselfish.

 

Theurgist. The first school of practical theurgy (from qeod, god, and ergon

work,) in the Christian period, was founded by Iamblichus among certain

Alexandrian Platonists. The priests, however, who were attached to the temples

of Egypt, Assyria, Babylonia and Greece, and whose business it was to evoke the

gods during the celebration of the Mysteries, were known by this name, or its

equivalent in other tongues, from the earliest archaic period. Spirits (but not

those of the dead, the evocation of which was called Necromancy) were made

visible to the eyes of mortals. Thus a theurgist had to be a hierophant and an

expert in the esoteric learning of the Sanctuaries of all great countries. The

Neo-platonists of the school of Iamblichus were called theurgists, for they

performed the so-called “ceremonial magic”, and evoked the simulacra or


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the images of the ancient heroes, “gods”, and daimonia (daimovia, divine,

spiritual entities). In the rare cases when the presence of a tangible and

visible “ spirit ” was required, the theurgist had to furnish the weird

apparition with a portion of his own flesh and blood—he had to perform the

thepœa or the “creation of gods”, by a mysterious process well known to the old,

and perhaps some of the modern, Tântrikas and initiated Brahmans of India. Such

is what is said in the Book of Evocations of the pagodas. It shows the perfect

identity of rites and ceremonial between the oldest Brahmanic theurgy and that

of the Alexandrian Platonists.

The following is from Isis Unveiled: “The Brahman Grihasta (the evocator) must

be in a state of complete purity before he ventures to call forth the Pitris.

After having prepared a lamp, some sandal-incense, etc., and having traced the

magic circles taught him by the superior Guru, in order to keep away bad

spirits, he ceases to breathe, and calls the fire (Kundalini) to his help to

disperse his body.” He pronounces a certain number of times the sacred word, and

“ his soul (astral body) escapes from its prison, his body disappears, and the

soul (image) of the evoked spirit descends into the double body and animates

it”. Then “his (the theurgist’s) soul (astral) re-enters its body, whose subtile

particles have again been aggregating (to the objective sense), after having

formed from themselves an aerial body for the deva (god or spirit) he evoked And

then, the operator propounds to the latter questions “on the mysteries of Being

and the transformation of the imperishable ”. The popular prevailing idea is

that the theurgists, as well as the magicians, worked wonders, such as evoking

the souls or shadows of the heroes and gods, and other thaumaturgic works, by

super natural powers. But this never was the fact. They did it simply by the

liberation of their own astral body, which, taking the form of a god or hero,

served as a medium or vehicle through which the special current preserving the

ideas and knowledge of that hero or god could be reached and manifested. (See

“Iamblichus”.)

 

Thirty-two Ways of Wisdom (Kab.). The Zohar says that Chochmah or Hokhmah

(wisdom) generates all things “by means of (these) thirty- two paths”. (Zohar

iii., 290a The full account of them is found in the Sepher Yezirah, wherein

letters and numbers constitute as entities the Thirty-two Paths of Wisdom, by

which the Elohim built the whole Universe. For, as said elsewhere, the brain

“hath an outlet from Zeir Anpin, and therefore it is spread and goes out to

thirty-two ways”. Zeir Anpin, the “Short Face” or the “Lesser Countenance”, is

the Heavenly Adam, Adam Kadmon, or Man. Man in the Zohar is looked upon as the

twenty-two letters of the Hebrew alphabet to which the decad is added and hence

the thirty-two symbols of his faculties or paths.


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Thohu-Bohu (Heb.). From Tohoo—“the Deep” and Bohu “primeval Space”—or the Deep

of Primeval Space, loosely rendered as “Chaos” “Confusion” and so on. Also spelt

and pronounced “tohu-bohu ”.

 

Thomei (Eg.). The Goddess of Justice, with eyes bandaged and holding a cross.

The same as the Greek Themis.

 

Thor (Scand.). From Thonar to “thunder”. The son of Odin and Freya, and the

chief of all Elemental Spirits. The god of thunder, Jupiter Tonans. The word

Thursday is named after Thor. Among the Romans Thursday was the day of Jupiter,

Jovis dies, Jeudi in French— the fifth day of the week, sacred also to the

planet Jupiter.

 

Thorah (Heb.). “Law”, written down from the transposition of the letters of the

Hebrew alphabet. Of the “hidden Thorah” it is said that before At-tee-k-ah (the

“Ancient of all the Ancients ”) had arranged Itself into limbs (or members)

preparing Itself to manifest, It willed to create a Thorah; the latter upon

being produced addressed It in these words: “ It, that wishes to arrange and to

appoint other things, should first of all, arrange Itself in Its proper Forms”.

In other words, Thorah, the Law, snubbed its Creator from the moment of its

birth, according to the above, which is an interpolation of some later

Talmudist. As it grew and developed, the mystic Law of the primitive Kabbalist

was transformed and made by the Rabbins to supersede in its dead letter every

metaphysical conception; and thus the Rabbinical and Talmudistic Law makes Ain

Soph and every divine Principle subservient to itself, and turns its back upon

the true esoteric interpretations.

 

Thor’s Hammer. A weapon which had the form of the Svastika; called by European

Mystics and Masons the “ Hermetic Cross”, and also “Jaina Cross ”, croix

cramponnée ; the most archaic, as the most sacred and universally respected

symbol. (See “ Svastika”.)

 

Thoth (Eg.). The most mysterious and the least understood of gods, whose

personal character is entirely distinct from all other ancient deities. While

the permutations of Osiris, Isis, Horus, and the rest, are so numberless that

their individuality is all but lost, Thoth remains changeless from the first to

the last Dynasty. He is the god of wisdom and of authority over all other gods.

He is the recorder and the judge. His ibis-head, the pen and tablet of the

celestial scribe, who records the thoughts, words and deeds of men and weighs

them in the balance, liken him to the type of the esoteric Lipikas. His name is

one of the first that appears on the oldest monuments. He is the lunar god of

the first dynasties, the master of Cynocephalus—the dog-headed ape who stood in

Egypt as a living symbol and remembrance of the Third Root-Race. (Secret

Doctrine, II. pp. 184 and 185). He is the “Lord of Hermopolis”


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—Janus, Hermes and Mercury combined. He is crowned with an atef and the lunar

disk, and bears the “Eye of Horus ”, the third eye, in his hand. He is the Greek

Hermes, the god of learning, and Hermes Trismegistus, the “ Thrice-great Hermes

”, the patron of physical sciences and the patron and very soul of the occult

esoteric knowledge. As Mr. J. Bonwick, F.R.G.S., beautifully expresses it : “

Thoth has a powerful effect on the imagination . . . in this intricate yet

beautiful phantasmagoria of thought and moral sentiment of that shadowy past. It

is in vain we ask ourselves however man, in the infancy of this world of

humanity, in the rudeness of supposed incipient civilization, could have dreamed

of such a heavenly being as Thoth. The lines are so delicately drawn, so

intimately and tastefully interwoven, that we seem to regard a picture designed

by the genius of a Milton, and executed with the skill of a Raphael.” Verily,

there was some truth in that old saying, “ The wisdom of the Egyptians ”.When it

is shown that the wife of Cephren, builder of the second Pyramid, was a

priestess of Thoth, one sees that the ideas comprehended in him were fixed 6,000

years ago ”. According to Plato, “Thoth-Hermes was the discoverer and inventor

of numbers, geometry, astronomy and letters”. Proclus, the disciple of Plotinus,

speaking of this mysterious deity, says: “He presides over every species of

condition, leading us to an intelligible essence from this mortal abode,

governing the different herds of souls”.

In other words Thoth, as the Registrar and Recorder of Osiris in Amenti, the

Judgment Hall of the Dead was a psychopompic deity; while Iamblichus hints that

“ the cross with a handle (the thau or tau) which Tot holds in his hand, was

none other than the monogram of his name”. Besides the Tau, as the prototype of

Mercury, Thoth carries the serpent-rod, emblem of Wisdom, the rod that became

the Caduceus. Says Mr. Bonwick, “ Hermes was the serpent itself in a mystical

sense. He glides like that creature, noiselessly, without apparent exertion,

along the course of ages. He is . . . a representative of the spangled heavens.

But he is the foe of the bad serpent, for the ibis devoured the snakes of

Egypt.”

 

Thothori Nyan Tsan (Tib.) A King of Tibet in the fourth century. It is narrated

that during his reign he was visited by five mysterious strangers, who revealed

to him how he might use for his country’s welfare four precious things which had

fallen down from heaven, in 331 A.D., in a golden casket and “the use of which

no one knew”. These were (1) hands folded as the Buddhist ascetics fold them;

(2) a be-jewelled Shorten (a Stupa built over a receptacle for relics); (3) a

gem inscribed with the “ Aum mani padme hum” ; and ( the Zamotog, a religious

work on ethics, a part of the Kanjur. A voice from heaven then told


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the King that after a certain number of generations everyone would learn how

precious these four things were. The number of generations stated carried the

world to the seventh century, when Buddhism became the accepted religion of

Tibet. Making an allowance for legendary licence, the four things fallen from

heaven, the voice, and the five mysterious strangers, may be easily seen to have

been historical facts. They were without any doubt five Arhats or Bhikshus from

India, on their proselytising tour. Many were the Indian. sages who, persecuted

in India for their new faith, betook themselves to Tibet and China.

 

Thrætaona (Mazd.) The Persian Michael, who contended with Zohak or Azhi-Dahaka,

the destroying serpent. In the Avesta Azhi-Dahaka is a three-headed monster, one

of whose heads is human, and the two others Ophidian. Dahaka, who is shown in

the Zoroastrian Scriptures as coming from Babylonia, stands as the allegorical

symbol of the Assyrian dynasty of King Dahaka (Az-Dahaka) which ruled Asia with

an iron hand, and whose banners bore the purple sign of the dragon, Purpureum

signum draconis. Metaphysically, however, the human head denotes the physical

man, and the two serpent heads the dual manasic principles—the dragon and

serpent both standing as symbols of wisdom and occult powers.

 

Thread Soul. The same as Sutrâtmâ (q.v.).

 

Three Degrees (of Initiation). Every nation had its exoteric and esoteric

religion, the one for the masses, the other for the learned and elect. For

example, the Hindus had three degrees with several sub- degrees. The Egyptians

had also three preliminary degrees, personified under the “three guardians of

the fire ” in the Mysteries. The Chinese had their most ancient Triad Society:

and the Tibetans have to this day their “triple step ” ; which was symbolized in

the Vedas by the three strides of Vishnu. Everywhere antiquity shows an

unbounded reverence for the Triad and Triangle—the first geometrical figure. The

old Babylonians had their three stages of initiation into the priesthood (which

was then esoteric knowledge); the Jews, the Kabbalists and mystics borrowed them

from the Chaldees, and the Christian Church from the Jews. “ There are Two”,

says Rabbi Simon ben Jochai, “in conjunction with One; hence they are Three, and

if they are Three, then they are One.”

 

Three Faces. The Trimûrti of the Indian Pantheon; the three persons of the one

godhead. Says the Book of Precepts: “There are two Faces, one in Tushita

(Devâchân) and one in Myalba (earth); and the Highest Holy unites them and

finally absorbs both.”

 

Three Fires (Occult). The name given to Atmâ-Buddhi-Manas, which when united

become one.


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Thsang Thisrong tsan (Tib.). A king who flourished between the years 728 and

787, and who invited from Bengal Pandit Rakshit, called for his great learning

Bodhisattva, to come and settle in Tibet, in order to teach Buddhist philosophy

to his priests.

 

Thûmi Sambhota (Sk.). An Indian mystic and man of erudition, the inventor of the

Tibetan alphabet.

 

Thummim (Heb.). “Perfections.” An ornament on the breastplates of the ancient

High Priests of Judaism. Modern Rabbins and Hebraists may well pretend they do

not know the joint purposes of the Thummim and the Urim; but the Kabbalists do

and likewise the Occultists. They were the instruments of magic divination and

oracular communication— theurgic and astrological. This is shown in the

following well-known facts —(1) upon each of the twelve precious stones was

engraved the name of one of the twelve sons of Jacob, each of these “sons”

personating one of the signs of the zodiac; (2) both were oracular images, like

the teraphim, and uttered oracles by a voice, and both were agents for

hypnotisation and throwing the priests who wore them into an ecstatic condition.

The Urim and Thummim were not original with the Hebrews, but had been borrowed,

like most of their other religious rites, from the Egyptians, with whom the

mystic scarabæus worn on the breast by the Hierophants, had the same functions.

They were thus purely heathen and magical modes of divination ; and when the

Jewish “Lord God” was called upon to manifest his presence and speak out his

will through the Urim by preliminary incantations, the modus operandi was the

same as that used by all the Gentile priests the world over.

 

Thumos (Gr.). The astral, animal soul; the Kâmas-Manas; Thumos means passion,

desire and confusion and is so used by Homer. The word is probably derived from

the Sanskit Tamas, which has the same meaning.

 

Tia-Huanaco (Peruv.). Most magnificent ruins of a pre-historic city in Peru.

 

Tiamat (Chald.). A female dragon personifying the ocean; the “great mother” or

the living principle of chaos. Tiamat wanted to swallow Bel, but Bel sent a wind

which entered her open mouth and killed Tiamat.

 

Tiaou (Eg.). A kind of Devachanic post mortem state.

 

Tien-Hoang (Chin.). The twelve hierarchies of Dhyânis.

 

Tien-Sin (Chin.). Lit., “the heaven of mind”, or abstract, subjective, ideal

heaven. A metaphysical term applied to the Absolute.

 

Tikkun (Chald.). Manifested Man or Adam Kadmon, the first ray from the

manifested Logos.


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Tiphereth (Heb.). Beauty; the sixth of the ten Sephiroth, a masculine active

potency, corresponding to the Vau, V, of the Tetragrammaton IHVH; also called

Melekh or King; and the Son. It is the central Sephira of the six which compose

Zauir Anpin, the Microprosopus, or Lesser Countenance. It is translated “

Beauty” and “Mildness”.

 

Tîrthakas, or Tîrthika and Tîrthyas (Sk.). “Heretical teachers.” An epithet

applied by the Buddhist ascetics to the Brahmans and certain Yogis of India.

 

Tirthankâra (Sk.). Jaina saints and chiefs, of which there are twenty-four. It

is claimed that one of them was the spiritual Guru of Gautama Buddha.

Tirthankâra is a synonym of Jaina.

 

Tiryakarota (Sk.). From tiryak “crooked ”, and srotas (digestive) “canal”. The

name of the “creation” by Brahmâ of men or beings, whose stomachs were, on

account of their erect position as bipeds, in a horizontal position. This is a

Purânic invention, absent in Occultism.

 

Tishya (Sk.). The same as Kaliyuga, the Fourth Age.

 

Titans (Gr.). Giants of divine origin in Greek mythology who made war against

the gods. Prometheus was one of them.

 

Titikshâ (Sk.). Lit., “long-suffering, patience”. Titikshâ, daughter of Daksha

and wife of Dharma (divine law) is its personification.

 

To On (Gr.). The “Being”, the “Ineffable All” of Plato. He“ whom no person has

seen except the Son”.

 

Tobo (Gnost.). In the Codex Nazaræus, a mysterious being which bears the soul of

Adam from Orcus to the place of life, and thence is called “the liberator of the

soul of Adam ”.

 

Todas. A mysterious people of India found in the unexplored fastnesses of

Nilgiri (Blue) Hills in the Madras Presidency, whose origin, language and

religion are to this day unknown. They are entirely distinct, ethnically,

philologically, and in every other way, from the Badagas and the Mulakurumbas,

two other races found on the same hills.

 

Toom (Eg.). A god issued from Osiris in his character of the Great Deep Noot. He

is the Protean god who generates other gods, “ assuming the form he likes ”. He

is Fohat. (Secret Doctrine, I., 673.)

 

Tope. An artificial mound covering relics of Buddha or some other great Arhat.

The Topes are also called Dâgobas.

 

Tophet (Heb.). A place in the valley of Gehenna, near Jerusalem, where a

constant fire was kept burning, in which children were immolated to Baal. The

locality is thus the prototype of the Christian Hell, the fiery Gehenna of

endless woe.


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Toralva, Dr. Eugene. A physician who lived in the fourteenth century, and who

received as a gift from Friar Pietro, a great magician and a Dominican monk, a

demon named Zequiel to be his faithful servant. (See Isis Unveiled, II., 60.)

 

Toyâmbudhi (Sk.). A country in the northern part of which lay the “White Island

”—Shveta Dwîpa of the seven Purânic islands or continents.

 

Trailokya, or Trilokya (Sk.). Lit., the “three regions” or worlds ; the

complementary triad to the Brahmanical quaternary of worlds named Bhuvanatraya.A

Buddhist profane layman will mention only three divisions of every world, while

a non-initiated Brahman will maintain that there are four. The four divisions of

the latter are purely physical and sensuous, the Trailokya of the Buddhist are

purely spiritual and ethical. The Brahmanical division may be found fully

described under the heading of Vyahritis, the difference being for the present

sufficiently shown in the following parallel:

Brahmanical Division of the Worlds.      Buddhist Division of the Regions.

1.Bhur, earth.                                           1. World of desire,

Kâmadhâtu or

                                                                       Kâmalôka.

2.Bhuvah, heaven, firmament.                2. World of form, Rûpadhâtu.

3. Swar atmosphere the sky.           

4. Mahar, eternal luminous essence. }    3. The formless world Arûpadhâtu.

 

All these are the worlds of post mortem states. For instance, Kâmalôka or

Kâmadhâtu, the region of Mâra, is that which mediæval and modern Kabalists call

the world of astral light, and the “world of shells Kâmalôka has, like every

other region, its seven divisions, the lowest of which begins on earth or

invisibly in its atmosphere; the six others ascend gradually, the highest being

the abode of those who have died owing to accident, or suicide in a fit of

temporary insanity, or were otherwise victims of external forces. It is a place

where all those who have died before the end of the term allotted to them, and

whose higher principles do not, therefore, go at once into Devachanic

state—sleep a dreamless sweet sleep of oblivion, at the termination of which

they are either reborn immediately, or pass gradually into the Devachanic state.

Rûpadhâtu is the celestial world of form, or what we call Devâchân. With the

uninitiated Brahmans, Chinese and other Buddhists, the Rûpadhâtu is divided into

eighteen Brahmâ or Devalokas; the life of a soul therein lasts from half a Yuga

up to 16,000 Yugas or Kalpas, and the height of the “Shades” is from half a

Yojana up to 16,000 Yojanas (a Yojana measuring from five and a half to ten

miles !), and such-like theological twaddle evolved from priestly brains. But

the Esoteric Philosophy teaches that though for the Egos for the time being,

everything or every-


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one preserves its form (as in a dream), yet as Rûpadhâtu is a purely mental

region, and a state, the Egos themselves have no form outside their own

consciousness. Esotericism divides this “ region” into seven Dhyânas, “regions”,

or states of contemplation, which are not localities but mental representations

of these. Arûpadhâtu: this “region” is again divided into seven Dhyânas, still

more abstract and formless, for this “World” is without any form or desire

whatever. It is the highest region of the post mortem Trailokya; and as it is

the abode of those who are almost ready for Nirvâna and is, in fact, the very

threshold of the Nirvânic state, it stands to reason that in Arûpadhâtu (or

Arûpavachara) there can be neither form nor sensation, nor any feeling connected

with our three dimensional Universe.

 

Trees of Life. From the highest antiquity trees were connected with the gods and

mystical forces in nature. Every nation had its sacred tree, with its peculiar

characteristics and attributes based on natural, and also occasionally on occult

properties, as expounded in the esoteric teachings. Thus the peepul or Âshvattha

of India, the abode of Pitris (elementals in fact) of a lower order, became the

Bo-tree or ficus religiosa of the Buddhists the world over, since Gautama Buddha

reached the highest knowledge and Nirvâna under such a tree. The ash tree,

Yggdrasil, is the world-tree of the Norsemen or Scandinavians. The banyan tree

is the symbol of spirit and matter, descending to the earth, striking root, and

then

re-ascending heavenward again. The triple-leaved palâsa is a symbol of the

triple essence in the Universe—Spirit, Soul, Matter. The dark cypress was the

world-tree of Mexico, and is now with the Christians and Mahomedans the emblem

of death, of peace and rest. The fir was held sacred in Egypt, and its cone was

carried in religious processions, though now it has almost disappeared from the

land of the mummies; so also was the sycamore, the tamarisk, the palm and the

vine. The sycamore was the Tree of Life in Egypt, and also in Assyria. It was

sacred to Hathor at Heliopolis; and is now sacred in the same place to the

Virgin Mary. Its juice was precious by virtue of its occult powers, as the Soma

is with Brahmans, and Haoma with the Parsis. “ The fruit and sap of the Tree of

Life bestow immortality.” A large volume might be written upon these sacred

trees of antiquity, the reverence for some of which has survived to this day,

without exhausting the subject.

 

Trefoil. Like the Irish shamrock, it has a symbolic meaning, “the three-in-one

mystery” as an author calls it. It crowned the head of Osiris, and the wreath

fell off when Typhon killed the radiant god. Some see in it a phallic

significance, but we deny this idea in Occultism. It was the plant of Spirit,

Soul, and Life.


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Tretâ Yuga (Sk.). The second age of the world, a period of 1,296,000 years.

 

Triad, or the Three. The ten Sephiroth are contemplated as a group of three

triads: Kether, Chochmah and Binah form the supernal triad; Chesed, Geburah and

Tiphereth, the second; and Netzach, Hod and Yesod, the inferior triad. The tenth

Sephira, Malkuth, is beyond the three triads. [w.w.w.]

The above is orthodox Western Kabalah. Eastern Occultists recognise but one

triad——the upper one (corresponding to Atmâ-Buddhi and the “ Envelope” which

reflects their light, the three in one)—and count seven lower Sephiroth,

everyone of which stands for a “ principle”, beginning with the Higher Manas and

ending with the Physical Body— of which Malkuth is the representative in the

Microcosm and the Earth in the Macrocosm.

 

Tri-bhuvana, or Tri-loka (Sk.). The three worlds—Swarga, Bhûmi, Pâtâla, or 

Heaven, Earth, and Hell in popular beliefs; esoterically, these are the

Spiritual and Psychic (or Astral) regions, and the

Terrestrial sphere.

 

Tridandî (Sk.). The name generally given to a class or sect of Sanyâsis who

constantly keep in the hand a kind of club (danda) branching off into three rods

at the top. The word is variously etymologized, and some give the name to the

triple Brahmanical thread.

 

Tri-dasha (Sk.). Three times ten or “thirty”. This is in round numbers the sum

of the Indian Pantheon—the thirty-three crores of deities—the twelve Âdityas,

the eight Vasus, the eleven Rudras and the two Ashvins, or thirty-three kotis,

or 330 millions of gods.

 

Trigunas (Sk.). The three divisions of the inherent qualities of differentiated

matter—i.e., of pure quiescence (satva), of activity and desire (rajas), of

stagnation and decay (tamas) They correspond with Vishnu, Brahmâ, and Shiva.

(See “ Trimûrti ”.)

 

Trijnâna, (Sk.). Lit., “triple knowledge”. This consists of three degrees (1)

belief on faith ; (2) belief on theoretical knowledge ; and (3) belief through

personal and practical knowledge.

 

Trikâya (Sk) Lit., three bodies, or forms. This is a most abstruse teaching

which, however, once understood, explains the mystery of every triad or trinity,

and is a true key to every three-fold metaphysical symbol. In its most simple

and comprehensive form it is found in the human Entity in its triple division

into spirit, soul, and body, and in the universe, regarded pantheistically, as a

unity composed of a Deific, purely spiritual Principle, Supernal Beings—its

direct rays — and


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Humanity. The origin of this is found in the teachings of the pre historic

Wisdom Religion, or Esoteric Philosophy. The grand Pantheistic ideal, of the

unknown and unknowable Essence being transformed first into subjective, and then

into objective matter, is at the root of all these triads and triplets. Thus we

find in philosophical Northern Buddhism (1) Âdi-Buddha (or Primordial Universal

Wisdom) ; ( 2) the Dhyâni-Buddhas (or Bodhisattvas); (3) the Mânushi (Human)

Buddhas. In European conceptions we find the same: God, Angels and Humanity

symbolized theologically by the God-Man. The Brahmanical Trimûrti and also the

three-fold body of Shiva, in Shaivism, have both been conceived on the same

basis, if not altogether running on the lines of Esoteric teachings. Hence, no

wonder if one finds this conception of the triple body—or the vestures of

Nirmânakâya, Sambhogakâya and Dharmakâya, the grandest of the doctrines of

Esoteric Philosophy— accepted in a more or less disfigured form by every

religious sect, and explained quite incorrectly by the Orientalists. Thus, in

its general application, the three-fold body symbolizes Buddha’s statue, his

teachings and his stûpas ; in the priestly conceptions it applies to the

Buddhist profession of faith called the Triratna, which is the formula of taking

“refuge in Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha”. Popular fancy makes Buddha ubiquitous,

placing him thereby on a par with an anthropomorphic god, and lowering him to

the level of a tribal deity; and, as a result, it falls into flat

contradictions, as in Tibet and China. Thus the exoteric doctrine seems to teach

that while in his Nirmâ kâya body (which passed through 100,000 kotis of

transformations on earth), he, Buddha, is at the same time a Lochana (a heavenly

Dhyâni-Bodhisattva), in his Sambhogakâya “robe of absolute completeness”, and in

Dhyâna, or a state which must cut him off from the world and all its

connections; and finally and lastly he is, besides being a Nirmânakâya and a

Sambhogakâya, also a Dharmakâya “of absolute purity”, a Vairotchana or

Dhyâni-Buddha in full Nirvâna! (See Eitel’s Sanskrit-Chinese Dictionary.) This

is the jumble of contradictions, impossible to reconcile, which is given out by

missionaries and certain Orientalists as the philosophical dogmas of Northern

Buddhism. If not an intentional confusion of a philosophy dreaded by the

upholders of a religion based on inextricable contradictions and guarded

“mysteries”, then it is the product of ignorance. As the Trailokya, the Trikâya,

and the Triratna are the three aspects of the same conceptions, and have to be,

so to say, blended in one, the subject is further explained under each of these

terms. (See also in this relation the term “ Trisharana”.)

 

Tri-kûta (Sk.). Lit., “three peaks”. The mountain on which Lanka (modern Ceylon)

and its city were built. It is said, allegorically,


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to be a mountain range running south from Meru. And so no doubt it was before

Lankâ was submerged, leaving now but the highest summits of that range out of

the waters. Submarine topography and geological formation must have considerably

changed since the Miocene period. There is a legend to the effect that Vâyu, the

god of the wind, broke the summit off Meru and cast it into the sea, where it

forthwith became Lankâ.

 

Trilcohana (Sk.). Lit., “three-eyed ”, an epithet of Shiva. It is narrated that

while the god was engaged one day on a Himalayan summit in rigid austerities,

his wife placed her hand lovingly on his third eye, which burst from Shiva’s

forehead with a great flame. This is the eye which reduced Kâma, the god of love

(as Mârâ, the tempter), to ashes, for trying to inspire him during his

devotional meditation with thoughts of his wife.

 

Trimûrti (Sk). Lit., “three faces”, or “triple form”—the Trinity. In the modern

Pantheon these three persons are Brahmâ, the creator, Vishnu, the preserver, and

Shiva, the destroyer. But this is an after thought, as in the Vedas neither

Brahmâ nor Shiva is known, and the Vedic trinity consists of Agni, Vâyu and

Sûrya; or as the Nirukta explains it, the terrestrial fire, the atmospheric (or

aërial) and the heavenly fire, since Agni is the god of fire, Vâyu of the air,

and Sûrya is the sun. As the Padma Purâna has it: “In the beginning, the great

Vishnu, desirous of creating the whole world, became threefold: creator,

preserver, destroyer. In order to produce this world, the Supreme Spirit

emanated from the right side of his body, himself, as Brahmâ then, in order to

preserve the universe, he produced from the left side of his body Vishnu; and in

order to destroy the world he produced from the middle of his body the eternal

Shiva. Some worship Brahmâ, some Vishnu, others Shiva; but Vishnu, one yet

threefold, creates, preserves, and destroys, therefore let the pious make no

difference between the three.” The fact is, that all the three “persons” of the

Trimûrti are simply the three qualificative gunas or attributes of the universe

of differentiated Spirit-Matter, self-formative, self-preserving and

self-destroying, for purposes of regeneration and perfectibility. This is the

correct meaning; and it is shown in Brahmâ being made the personified embodiment

of Rajoguna, the attribute or quality of activity, of desire for procreation,

that desire owing to which the universe and everything in it is called into

being. Vishnu is the embodied Sattvaguna, that property of preservation arising

from quietude and restful enjoyment, which characterizes the intermediate period

between the full growth and the beginning of decay; while Shiva, being embodied

Tamoguna—which


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is the attribute of stagnancy and final decay—becomes of course the destroyer.

This is as highly philosophical under its mask of anthropomorphism, as it is

unphilosophical and absurd to hold to and enforce on the world the dead letter

of the original conception.

 

Trinity. Everyone knows the Christian dogma of the “three in one” and “one in

three ”; therefore it is useless to repeat that which may he found in every

catechism. Athanasius, the Church Father who defined the Trinity as a dogma, had

little necessity of drawing upon inspiration or his own brain power; he had but

to turn to one of the innumerable trinities of the heathen creeds, or to the

Egyptian priests, in whose country he had lived all his life. He modified

slightly only one of the three “ persons ”. All the triads of the Gentiles were

composed of the Father, Mother, and the Son. By making it “Father, Son, and Holy

Ghost ”, he changed the dogma only outwardly, as the Holy Ghost had always been

feminine, and Jesus is made to address the Holy Ghost as his “mother” in every

Gnostic Gospel.

 

Tripada (Sk.). “Three-footed ”, fever, personified as having three feet or

stages of development—cold, heat and sweat.

 

Tripitaka (Sk.). Lit., “the three baskets”; the name of the Buddhist canon. It

is composed of three divisions : (1) the doctrine; (2) the rules and laws for

the priesthood and ascetics; (3) the philosophical dissertations and

metaphysics: to wit, the Abhidharma, defined by Buddhaghosa as that law (dharma)

which goes beyond (abhi) the law. The Abhidharma contains the most profoundly

metaphysical and philosophical teachings, and is the store-house whence the

Mahâyâna and Hînayâna Schools got their fundamental doctrines. There is a fourth

division—the Samyakta Pitaka. But as it is a later addition by the Chinese

Buddhists, it is not accepted by the Southern Church of Siam and Ceylon.

 

Triratna, or Ratnatraya (Sk) The Three Jewels, the technical term for the

well-known formula “Buddha, Dharma and Sangha” (or Samgha), the two latter terms

meaning, in modern interpretation, “religious law” (Dharma), and the

“priesthood” (Sangha). Esoteric Philosophy, however, would regard this as a very

loose rendering. The words “Buddha, Dharma and Sangha”, ought to be pronounced

as in the days of Gautama, the Lord Buddha, namely “Bodhi, Dharma and Sangha and

interpreted to mean

“Wisdom, its laws and priests ”, the latter in the sense of “ spiritual

exponents ”, or adepts. Buddha, however, being regarded as personified “ Bodhi”

on earth, a true avatar of Âdi-Buddha, Dharma gradually came to be regarded as

his own particular law, and Sangha as his own special priesthood. Nevertheless,


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it is the profane of the later (now modern) teachings who have shown a greater

degree of natural intuition than the actual interpreters of Dharma, the Buddhist

priests. The people see the Triratna in the three statues of Amitâbha,

Avalokiteshvara and Maitreya Buddha; i.e., in Boundless Light” or Universal

Wisdom, an impersonal principle which is the correct meaning of Âdi-Buddha; in

the “Supreme Lord” of the Bodhisattvas, or Avalokiteshvara; and in Maitreya

Buddha, the symbol of the terrestrial and human Buddha, the “Mânushi Buddha ”.

Thus, even though the uninitiated do call these three statues “the Buddhas of

the Past, the Present and the Future ”, still every follower of true

philosophical Buddhism—called “atheistical” by Mr. Eitel— would explain the term

Triratna correctly. The philosopher of the Yogachârya School would say—as well

he could—“Dharma is not a person but an unconditioned and underived entity,

combining in itself the spiritual and material principles of the universe,

whilst from Dharma proceeded, by emanation, Buddha [ Bodhi rather], as the

creative energy which produced, in conjunction with Dharma, the third factor in

the trinity, viz., ‘Samgha’, which is the comprehensive sum total of all real

life.” Samgha, then, is not and cannot be that which it is now understood to be,

namely, the actual “ priesthood”; for the latter is not the sum total of all

real life, but only of religious life. The real primitive significance of the

word Samgha or “Sangha” applies to the Arhats or Bhikshus, or the “initiates”,

alone, that is to say to the real exponents of Dharma—the divine law and wisdom,

coming to them as a reflex light from the one “boundless light ”. Such is its

philosophical meaning. And yet, far from satisfying the scholars of the Western

races, this seems only to irritate them; for E. J. Eitel, of Hongkong, remarks,

as to the above : “ Thus the dogma of a Triratna, originating from three

primitive articles of faith, and at one time culminating in the conception of

three persons, a trinity in unity, has degenerated into a metaphysical theory of

the evolution of three abstract principles ”! And if one of the ablest European

scholars will sacrifice every philosophical ideal to gross anthropomorphism,

then what can Buddhism with its subtle metaphysics expect at the hands of

ignorant missionaries?

 

Trisharana (Sk.). The same as” Triratna ”and accepted by both the Northern and

Southern Churches of Buddhism. After the death of the Buddha it was adopted by

the councils as a mere kind of formula fidei, enjoining “to take refuge in

Buddha ”, “to take refuge in Dharma ”, and “to take refuge in Sangha ”, or his

Church, in the sense in which it is now interpreted; but it is not in this sense

that the “Light of Asia” would have taught the formula. Of  Trikâya, Mr. E. J.

Eitel, of Hongkong, tells us in his Handbook of Chinese Buddhism that this

“tricho-


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tomism was taught with regard to the nature of all Buddhas. Bodhi being the

 

characteristic of a Buddha” —a distinction was made between “essential Bodhi” as

the attribute of the Dharmakâya, i.e., “essential body”; “reflected Bodhi” as

the attribute of Sambhogakâya; and “practical Bodhi” as the attribute of

Nirmânakâya.  Buddha combining in himself these three conditions of existence,

was said to be living at the same time in three different spheres. Now, this

shows how greatly misunderstood is the purely pantheistical and philosophical

teaching. Without stopping to enquire how even a Dharmakâya vesture can have any

“attribute” in Nirvâna, which state is shown, in philosophical Brahmanism as

much as in Buddhism, to be absolutely devoid of any attribute as conceived by

human finite thought—it will be sufficient to point to the following —(1) the

Nirmânakâya vesture is preferred by the “Buddhas of Compassion” to that of the

Dharmakâya state, precisely because the latter precludes him who attains it from

any communication or relation with the finite, i.e., with humanity; (2) it is

not Buddha (Gautama, the mortal man, or any other personal Buddha) who lives

ubiquitously in “three different spheres, at the same time ”, but Bodhi, the

universal and abstract principle of divine wisdom, symbolised in philosophy by

Âdi-Buddha. It is the latter that is ubiquitous because it is the universal

essence or principle. It is Bodhi, or the spirit of Buddhaship, which, having

resolved itself into its primordial homogeneous essence and merged into it, as

Brahmâ (the universe) merges into Parabrahm, the ABSOLUTENESS—that is meant

under the name of “essential Bodhi ”. For the Nirvânee, or Dhyâni Buddha, must

be supposed—by living in Arûpadhâtu, the formless state, and in Dharmakâya—to be

that “ essential Bodhi” itself. It is the Dhyâni Bodhisattvas, the primordial

rays of the universal Bodhi, who live in “reflected Bodhi” in Râpadhâtu, or the

world of subjective “forms” ; and it is the Nirmânakâyas (plural) who upon

ceasing their lives of “ practical Bodhi”, in the “enlightened” or Buddha forms,

remain voluntarily in the Kâmadhâtu (the world of desire), whether in objective

forms on earth or in subjective states in its sphere (the second Buddhakshetra).

This they do in order to watch over, protect and help mankind. Thus, it is

neither one Buddha who is meant, nor any particular avatar of the collective

Dhyâni Buddhas, but verily Âdi-Bodhi—the first Logos, whose primordial ray is

Mahâbuddhi, the Universal Soul, ALAYA, whose flame is ubiquitous, and whose

influence has a different sphere in each of the three forms of existence,

because, once again, it is Universal Being itself or the reflex of the Absolute.

Hence, if it is philosophical to speak of Bodhi, which “as Dhyâni Buddha rules

in the domain of the spiritual” (fourth Buddhakshetra or region of Buddha); and

of the


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Dhyâni Bodhisattvas “ruling in the third Buddhakshetra ”or the domain of

ideation; and even of the Mânushi Buddhas, who are in the second Buddhakshetra

as Nirmanakâyas—to apply the “idea of a unity in trinity” to three

personalities—is highly unphilosophical.

 

Trishnâ (Sk.). The fourth Nidâna; spiritual love.

 

Trishûla (Sk.). The trident of Shiva.

 

Trisuparna (Sk.). A certain portion of the Veda, after thoroughly studying which

a Brâhman is also called a Trisuparna.

 

Trithemius. An abbot of the Spanheim Benedictines, a very learned Kabbalist and

adept in the Secret Sciences, the friend and instructor of Cornelius Agrippa.

 

Triton (Gr.). The san of Poseidon and Amphitrite, whose body from the waist

upwards was that of a man and whose lower limbs were those of a dolphin. Triton

belongs in esoteric interpretation to the group of fish symbols—such as Oannes

(Dagon), the Matsya or Fish-avatar, and the Pisces, as adopted in the Christian

symbolism. The dolphin is a constellation called by the Greeks Capricornus, and

the latter is the Indian Makâra. It has thus an anagrammatical significance, and

its interpretation is entirely occult and mystical, and is known only to the

advanced students of Esoteric Philosophy. Suffice to say that it is as

physiological as it is spiritual and mystical. (See Secret Doctrine II., pp. 578

and 579.)

 

Trividha Dvâra (Sk.). Lit., the “three gates”, which are body, mouth, and mind;

or purity of body, purity of speech, purity of thought— the three virtues

requisite for becoming a Buddha.

 

Trividyâ (Sk.). Lit., “the three knowledges” or sciences”. These are the three

fundamental axioms in mysticism —(a) the impermanency of all existence, or

Anitya; (b) suffering and misery of all that lives and is, or Dukha; and (c) all

physical, objective existence as evanescent and unreal as a water-bubble in a

dream, or Anâtmâ.

 

Trivikrama (Sk.).An epithet of Vishnu used in the Rig Veda in relation to the

“three steps of Vishnu”. The first step he took on earth, in the form of Agni;

the second in the atmosphere, in the form of Vâyu, god of the air; and the third

in the sky, in the shape of Sûrya, the sun.

 

Triyâna (Sk.). “The three vehicles” across Sansâra—the ocean of births, deaths,

and rebirths—are the vehicles called Sravaka, Pratyeka Buddha and Bodhisattva,

or the three degrees of Yogaship. The term Triyâna is also used to denote the

three schools of mysticism—the Mahâyâna, Madhyimâyâna and Hînayâna schools; of

which the first is the “Greater”, the second the “ Middle”, and the last the

“Lesser” Vehicle. All and every system between the Greater and the Lesser

Vehicles are considered “useless”. Therefore the Pratyeka


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Buddha is made to correspond with the Madhyimâyâna. For, as explained, “this

(the Pratyeka Buddha state) refers to him who lives all for himself and very

little for others, occupying the middle of the vehicle, filling it all and

leaving no room for others ”. Such is the selfish candidate for Nirvâna.

 

Tsanagi-Tsanami (Jap.). A kind of creative god in Japan.

 

Tsien-Sin (Chin.). The “Heaven of Mind”, Universal Ideation and Mahat, when

applied to the plane of differentiation “ Tien-Sin” (q.v.) when referring to the

Absolute.

 

Tsien-Tchan (Ch.). The universe of form and matter.

 

Tsi-tsai (Chin.). The “Self-Existent” or the “Unknown Darkness”, the root of

Wuliang Sheu, “Boundless Age”, all Kabbalistic terms, which were used in China

ages before the Hebrew Kabbalists adopted them, borrowing them from Chaldea and

Egypt.

 

Tubal-Cain (Heb.). The Biblical Kabir, “an instructor of every artificer in

brass and iron”, the son of Zillah and Lamech; one with the Greek Hephæstos or

Vulcan. His brother Jabal, the son of Adah and the co-uterine brother of Jabal,

one the father of those “who handle the harp and organ ”, and the other the

father “of such as have cattle”, are also Kabiri: for, as shown by Strabo, it is

the Kabiri (or Cyclopes in one sense) who made the harp for Kronos and the

trident for Poseidon, while some of their other brothers were instructors in

agriculture. Tubal-Cain (or Thubal-Cain) is a word used in the Master-Mason’s

degree in the ritual and ceremonies of the Freemasons.

 

Tullia (Lat.). A daughter of Cicero, in whose tomb, as claimed by several

alchemists, was found burning a perpetual lamp, placed there more than a

thousand years previously.

 

Tum, or Toόm The “Brothers of the Tum”, a very ancient school of Initiation in

Northern India in the days of Buddhist persecution. The “Turn B’hai” have now

become the “Aum B’hai”, spelt, however, differently at present, both schools

having merged into one. The first was composed of Kshatriyas, the second of

Brahmans. The word “Tum” has a double meaning, that of darkness (absolute

darkness), which as absolute is higher than the highest and purest of lights,

and a sense resting on the mystical greeting among Initiates, “ Thou art thou,

thyself ”, equivalent to saying “Thou art one with the Infinite and the All”.

 

Turîya (Sk.). A state of the deepest trance—the fourth state of the Târaka Râja

Yoga, one that corresponds with Âtmâ, and on this earth with dreamless sleep—a

causal condition.

 

Turîya Avasthâ (Sk.). Almost a Nirvânic state in Samâdhi, which


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is itself a beatific state of the contemplative Yoga beyond this plane. A

condition of the higher Triad, quite distinct (though still inseparable) from

the conditions of Jagrat (waking), Svapna (dreaming), and Sushupti (sleeping).

 

Tushita (Sk.). A class of gods of great purity in the Hindu Pantheon. In

exoteric or popular Northern Buddhism, it is a Deva-loka, a celestial region on

the material plane, where all the Bodhisattvas are reborn, before they descend

on this earth as future Buddhas.

 

Tyndarus (Gr.). King of Lacedæmon the fabled husband of Leda, the mother of

Castor and Pollux and of Helen of Troy.

 

Typhæus (Gr.). A famous giant, who had a hundred heads like those of a serpent

or dragon, and who was the reputed father of the Winds, as Siva was that of the

Maruts—also “winds ”. He made war against the gods, and is identical with the

Egyptian Typhon.

 

Typhon (Eg.). An aspect or shadow of Osiris. Typhon is not, as Plutarch asserts,

the distinct “ Evil Principle ” or the Satan of the Jews; but rather the lower

cosmic “principles ” of the divine body of Osiris, the god in them—Osiris being

the personified universe as an ideation, and Typhon as that same universe in its

material realization. The two in one are Vishnu-Siva. The true meaning of the

Egyptian myth is that Typhon is the terrestrial and material envelope of Osiris,

who is the indwelling spirit thereof. In chapter 42 of the Ritual (“ Book of the

Dead”), Typhon is described as “Set, formerly called Thoth”. Orientalists find

themselves greatly perplexed by discovering Set-Typhon addressed in some papyri

as “a great and good god ”, and in others as the embodiment of evil. But is not

Siva, one of the Hindu Trimûrti, described in some places as “the best and most

bountiful of gods ”, and at other times, “a dark, black, destroying, terrible ”

and “ fierce god”? Did not Loki, the Scandinavian Typhon, after having been

described in earlier times as a beneficent being, as the god of fire, the

presiding genius of the peaceful domestic hearth, suddenly lose caste and become

forthwith a power of evil, a cold-hell Satan and a demon of the worst kind?

There is a good reason for such an invariable transformation. So long as these

dual gods, symbols of good and necessary evil, of light and darkness, keep

closely allied, i.e., stand for a combination of differentiated human qualities,

or of the element they represent—they are simply an embodiment of the average

personal god. No sooner, however, are they separated into two entities, each

with its two characteristics, than they become respectively the two opposite

poles of good and evil, of light and darkness ; they become in short, two

independent and distinct entities or rather personalities. It is only by dint of

sophistry that the Churches have succeeded to this day in preserving in the

minds of the


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few the Jewish deity in his primeval integrity. Had they been logical they would

have separated Christ from Jehovah, light and goodness from darkness and

badness. And this was what happened to Osiris Typhon ;but no Orientalist has

understood it, and thus their perplexity goes on increasing. Once accepted—as in

the case of the Occultists— as an integral part of Osiris, just as Ahriman is an

inseparable part of Ahura Mazda, and the Serpent of Genesis the dark aspect of

the Elohim, blended into our “Lord God ”—every difficulty in the nature of

Typhon disappears. Typhon is a later name of Set, later but ancient—as early in

fact as the fourth Dynasty; for in the Ritual one reads: “ 0 Typhon-Set ! I

invoke thee, terrible, invisible, all-powerful god of gods, thou who destroyest

and renderest desert ”. Typhon belongs most decidedly to the same symbolical

category as Siva the Destroyer, and Saturn—the “dark god ”. In the Book of the

Dead, Set, in his battle with Thoth (wisdom)_who is his spiritual counterpart —

is emasculated as Saturn-Kronos was and Ouranos before him. As Siva is closely

connected with the bull Nandi—an aspect of Brahmâ-Vishnu, the creative and

preserving powers—so is Set-Typhon allied with the bull Apis, both bulls being

sacred to, and allied with, their respective deities. As Typhon was originally

worshipped as an upright stone, the phallus, so is Siva to this day represented

and worshipped as a lingham. Siva is Saturn. Indeed, Typhon-Set seems to have

served as a prototype for more than one god of the later ritualistic cycle,

including even the god of the Jews, some of his ritualistic observances having

passed bodily into the code of laws and the canon of religious rites of the

“chosen people”. Who of the Bible-worshippers knows the origin of the scape-goat

(ez or aza) sent into the wilderness as an atonement ? Do they know that ages

before the exodus of Moses the goat was sacred to Typhon, and that it is over

the head of that Typhonic goat that the Egyptians confessed their sins, after

which the animal was turned into the desert? “And Aaron shall take the scapegoat

(Azâzel) and lay his hands upon the head of the live goat, and confess over him

all the iniquities of the children of Israel . . . and shall send him away . . .

into the wilderness” (Levit., xvi.). And as the goat of the Egyptians made an

atonement with Typhon, so the goat of the Israelites “made an atonement before

the Lord” (Ibid., v. 10). Thus, if one only remembers that every anthropomorphic

creative god was with the philosophical ancients the “Life-giver” and the

“Death-dealer ”—Osiris and Typhon, Ahura Mazda and Ahriman, etc., etc.—it will

be easy for him to comprehend the assertion made by the Occultists, that Typhon

was but a symbol for the lower quaternary, the ever conflicting and turbulent

principles of


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differentiated chaotic matter, whether in the Universe or in Man, while Osiris

symbolized the higher spiritual triad. Typhon is accused in the Ritual of being

one who “steals reason from the soul ”. Hence, he is shown fighting with Osiris

and cutting him into fourteen (twice seven) pieces, after which, left without

his counterbalancing power of good and light, he remains steeped in evil and

darkness. In this way the fable told by Plutarch becomes comprehensible as an

allegory. He asserts that, overcome in his fight with Horus, Typhon “fled seven

days on an ass, and escaping begat the boys Ierosolumos and Ioudaios ”. Now as

Typhon was worshipped at a later period under the form of an ass, and as the

name of the ass is AO, or (phonetically) IAO, the vowels mimicking the braying

of the animal, it becomes evident that Typhon was purposely blended with the

name of the Jewish God, as the two names of Judea and Jerusalem, begotten by

Typhon—sufficiently imply.

 

Twashtri (Sk.). The same as Vishwakarman, “the divine artist ”, the carpenter

and weapon-maker of the gods. (See “Vishwakarman”.)

 

Tzaila (Heb.). A rib; see Genesis for the myth of the creation of the first

woman from a rib of Adam, the first man. It is curious that no other myth

describes anything like this “rib” process, except the Hebrew Bible. Other

similar Hebrew words are” Tzela, a “fall”, and Tzelem, “the image of God”. Inman

remarks that the ancient Jews were fond of punning conceits, and sees one

here—that Adam fell, on account of a woman, whom God made in his image, from a

fall in the man’s side. [w.w.w.]

 

Tzelem (Heb.). An image, a shadow. The shadow of the physical body of a man,

also the astral body—Linga Sharira. (See “ Tzool-mah”.)

 

Tzim-tzum (Kab.). Expansion and contraction, or, as some Kabbalists explain

it—“the centrifugal and centripetal energy”.

 

Tziruph (Heb)A set of combinations and permutations of the Hebrew letters

designed to shew analogies and preserve secrets. For example, in the form called

Atbash, A and T were substitutes, B and Sh, G and R, etc.

[w.w.w.]

 

Tzool-mah (Kab.). Lit., “shadow”. It is stated in the Zohar (I., 218 a, i. fol.

117 a, col. 466.), that during the last seven nights of a mans life, the

Neshczmah, his spirit, leaves him and the shadow,

tzool-mah, acts no longer, his body casting no shadow; and when the tzool-mah

disappears entirely, then Ruach and Nephesh—the soul and life—go with it. It has

been often urged that in Kabbalistic philosophy there were but three, and, with

the Body, Guff, four “principles”. It can be easily shown there are seven, and

several subdivisions more, for there are the “upper” and the “lower ” Neshamah

(the dual Manas); Ruach, Spirit or


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Buddhi; Nephesh (Kâma) which “has no light from her own substance”, but is

associated with the Guff, Body; Tzelem, “Phantom of the Image” and D’yooknah,

Shadow of the Phantom Image, or Mâyâvi Rûpa. Then come the Zurath, Prototypes,

and Tab-nooth, Form; and finally, Tzurah, ‘ highest Principle (Âtman) which

remains above”, etc., etc. (See Myer’s Qabbalah, pp. 400 et. seq.)

 

Tzuphon (Heb.). A name for Boreas, the Northern Wind, which some of the old

Israelites deified and worshipped.

 

Tzurah (Heb.). The divine prototype in the Kabbalah. In Occultism it embraces

Âtmâ-Buddhi-Manas, the Highest Triad; the eternal divine Individual. The plural

is tzurath.

 

Tzure (Heb.). Almost the same as the above: the prototype of the “Image” tzelem

; a Kabbalistic term used in reference to the so-called creation of the divine

and the human Adam, of which the Kabala (or Kabbalah) has four types, agreeing

with the root-races of men. The Jewish Occultists knew of no Adam and, refusing

to recognise in the first human race Humanity with Its Adam, spoke only of

“primordial sparks”.

 

                                

U  


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U .—The twenty-first letter of the Latin alphabet, which has no equivalent in

Hebrew. As a number, however, it is considered very mystical both by the

Pythagoreans and the Kabbalists, as it is the product of 3 x 7. The latter

consider it the most sacred of the odd numbers, as 21 is the sum of the

numerical value of the Divine Name aeie, or eiea, or again aheihe—thus (read

backward, aheihe)

                                                          he i he a

                                                          5+1O+5+1=21

In Alchemy it symbolizes the twenty-one days necessary for the transmutation of

baser metals into silver.

 

Uasar (Eg.). The same as Osiris, the latter name being Greek. Uasar is described

as the “Egg-born ”, like Brahmâ. “He is the egg-sprung Eros of Aristophanes,

whose creative energy brings all things into existence ; the demiurge who made

and animates the world, a being who is a sort of personification of Amen, the

invisible god, as Dionysos is a link between mankind and the Zeus Hypsistos”

(The Great Dionysiak Myth, Brown). Isis is called Uasi, as she is the Sakti of

Osiris, his female aspect, both symbolizing the creating, energising, vital

forces of nature in its aspect of male and female deity.

 

Uchchaih-Sravas (Sk.). The model-horse; one of the fourteen precious things or

Jewels produced at the Churning of the Ocean by the gods. The white horse of

Indra, called the Râjâ of horses.

 

Uchnîcha, also Buddhôchnîcha (Sk.). Explained as “a protuberance on Buddha’s

cranium, forming a hair-tuft ”. This curious description is given by the

Orientalists, varied by another which states that Uchnîcha was “originally a

conical or flame-shaped hair tuft on the crown of a Buddha, in later ages

represented as a fleshy excrescence on the skull itself ”. This ought to read

quite the reverse; for esoteric philosophy would say: Originally an orb with the

third eye in it, which degenerated later in the human race into a fleshy

protuberance, to disappear gradually, leaving in its place but an occasional

flame- coloured aura, perceived only through clairvoyance, and when the

exuberance of spiritual energy causes the (now concealed) “third eye to radiate

its superfluous magnetic power. At this period of our racial development, it is

of course the “Buddhas” or Initiates alone who enjoy in full the faculty of the

“third eye” , as it is more or less atrophied in everyone else.


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Udâna (Sk) Extemporaneous speeches; also Sûtras. In philosophy the term applies

to the physical organs of speech, such as tongue, mouth, voice, etc. In sacred

literature in general, it is the name of those Sûtras which contain

extemporaneous discourses, in distinction to the Sûtras that contain only that

subject matter which is introduced by questions put to Gautama the Buddha and

his replies.

 

Udayana (Sk.). Modern Peshawer. “ The classic land of sorcery” according to

Hiouen-Thsang.

 

Udayana Râjâ (Sk.). A king of Kausâmbî, called Vatsarâjâ, who was the first to

have a statue of Buddha made before his death; in consequence of which, say the

Roman Catholics, who build statues of Madonnas and Saints at every street

corner—he “became the originator of Buddhist IDOLATRY”.

 

Udra Ramaputra (Sk.). Udra, the son of Râma. A Brahman ascetic, who was for some

years the Guru of Gautama Buddha.

 

Udumbara (Sk.). A lotus of gigantic size, sacred to Buddha: the Nila Udumbara or

“blue lotus”, regarded as a supernatural omen when ever it blossoms, for it

flowers but once every three thousand years. One such, it is said, burst forth

before the birth of Gautama, another, near a lake at the foot of the Himalayas,

in the fourteenth century, just before the birth of Tsong-kha-pa, etc., etc. The

same is said of the Udumbara tree (ficus glomerata) because it flowers at

intervals of long centuries, as does also a kind of cactus, which blossoms only

at extra ordinary altitudes and opens at midnight.

 

Ullambana (Sk.). The festival of “all souls”, the prototype of All Souls’ Day in

Christian lands. It is held in China on the seventh moon annually, when both “

Buddhist and Tauist priests read masses, to release the souls of those who died

on land or sea from purgatory, scatter rice to feed Prêtas [ classes of demons

ever hungry and thirsty] , consecrate domestic ancestral shrines, . . . . recite

Tantras . . . accompanied by magic finger-play (mûdra) to comfort the ancestral

spirits of seven generations in Nâraka” (a kind of purgatory or Kama Loka) The

author of the Sanskrit-Chinese Dictionary thinks that this is the old Tibetan

(Bhon) “ Gtorma ritual engrafted upon Confucian ancestral worship,” owing to

Dhamaraksha translating the Ullambana Sûtra and introducing it into China. The

said Sûtra is certainly a forgery, as it gives these rites on the authority of

Sâkyamuni Buddha, and “ supports it by the alleged experiences of his principal

disciples, Ânanda being said to have appeased Prêtas by food offerings ”. But as

correctly stated by Mr. Eitel, “the whole theory, with the ideas of intercessory

prayers, priestly litanies and requiems, and ancestral worship, is


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entirely foreign to ancient and Southern Buddhism ”. And to the Northern too, if

we except the sects of Bhootan and Sikkim, of the Bhon or Dugpa persuasion—the

red caps, in short. As the ceremonies of All Saints’ Day, or days, are known to

have been introduced into China in the third century (265-292), and as the same

Roman Catholic ceremonial and ritual for the dead, held on November 2nd, did not

exist in those early days of Christianity, it cannot be the Chinese who borrowed

this religious custom from the Latins, but rather the latter who imitated the

Mongolians and Chinese.

 

Uller (Scand.). The god of archery, who “journeys over the silvery ice-ways on

skates”. He is the patron of the chase during that period when the Sun passes

over the constellation of Sagittarius; and lives in the “ Home of the

Light-Elves” which is in the Sun and outside of Asgard.

 

Ulom (Pœnic.) The intelligible deity. The objective or material Universe, in the

theogony of Mochus. The reflection of the ever-concealed deity; the Plerôma of

the Gnostics.

 

Ulphilas (Scand.). A schoolman who made a new alphabet for the Goths in the

fourth century—a union of Greek letters with the form of the runic alphabet,

since which time the runes began to die out and their secret was gradually lost.

(See “ Runes”.) He translated the Bible into Gothic, preserved in the Codex

Argenteus.

 

Ulûpî (Sk.). A daughter of Kauravya, King of the Nâgas in Pâtâla (the nether

world, or more correctly, the Antipodes, America). Exoterically, she was the

daughter of a king or chief of an aboriginal tribe of the Nâgas, or Nagals

(ancient adepts) in pre-historic America—Mexico most likely, or Uruguay. She was

married to Arjuna, the disciple of Krishna, whom every tradition, oral and

written, shows travelling five thousand years ago to Pâtâla (the Antipodes). The

Purânic tale is based on a historical fact. Moreover, Ulûpi, as a name, has a

Mexican ring in it, like “ Atlan ”, “ Aclo ”, etc.

 

Umâ-Kanyâ (Sk.). Lit., “Virgin of Light”; a title ill-befitting its possessor,

as it was that of Durgâ Kâli, the goddess or female aspect of Siva. Human flesh

was offered to her every autumn; and, as Durgâ, she was the patroness of the

once murderous Thugs of India, and the special goddess of Tântrika sorcery. But

in days of old it was not as it is now. The earliest mention of the title

“Umâ-Kanyâ is found in the Kena-Upanishad; in it the now blood-thirsty Kâlî, was

a benevolent goddess, a being of light and goodness, who brings about

reconciliation between Brahmâ and the gods. She is Saraswati and she is Vâch. In

esoteric symbology, Kâlî is the dual type of the dual soul—the divine and the

human, the light and the dark soul of man,


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Umbra (Lat.). The shadow of an earth-bound spook. The ancient Latin races

divided man (in esoteric teachings) into seven principles, as did every old

system, and as Theosophists do now. They believed that after death Anima, the

pure divine soul, ascended to heaven, a place of bliss; Manes (the Kâma Rûpa)

descended into Hades (Kâma Loka); and Umbra (or astral double, the Linga

Sharîra) remained on earth hovering about its tomb, because the attraction of

physical, objective matter and affinity to its earthly body kept it within the

places which that body had impressed with its emanations. Therefore, they said

that nothing but the astral image of the defunct could be seen on earth, and

even that faded out with the disintegration of the last particle of the body

which had been so long its dwelling.

 

Una (Sk.). Something underlying; subordinate; secondary also, and material.

 

Undines (Lat.). Water nymphs and spooks. One of the four principal kinds of

elemental spirits, ‘which are Salamanders (fire), Sylphs (air), Gnomes (earth),

and Undines (water).

 

Upâdâna (Sk.). Material Cause; as flax is the cause of linen.

 

Upâdâna Kâranam (Sk.). The material cause of an effect.

 

Upâdhi (Sk.). Basis; the vehicle, carrier or bearer of something less material

than itself: as the human body is the upâdhi of its spirit, ether the upâdhi of

light, etc., etc.; a mould; a defining or limiting substance.

 

Upadvîpas (Sk.). The root (underlying) of islands; dry land.

 

Upanishad (Sk.). Translated as “esoteric doctrine ”, or interpretation of the

Vedas by the Vedânta methods. The third division of the Vedas appended to the

Brâhmanas and regarded as a portion of Sruti or “revealed” word. They are,

however, as records, far older than the Brâhmanas the exception of the two,

still extant, attached to the Rig -Veda of the Aitareyins. The term Upanishad is

explained by the Hindu pundits as “that which destroys ignorance, and thus

produces liberation” of the spirit, through the knowledge of the supreme though

hidden truth; the same, therefore, as that which was hinted at by Jesus, when he

is made to say, “And ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free

” (John viii. 32). It is from these treatises of the Upanishads—themselves the

echo of the primeval Wisdom-Religion―that the Vedânta system of philosophy has

been developed. (See “Vedânta”.) Yet old as the Upanishads may be, the

Orientalists will not assign to the oldest of them more than an antiquity of 600

years B.C. The accepted number of these treatises is 150, though now no more

than about twenty are left unadulterated. They treat of very abstruse,

metaphysical questions, such as the origin of the Universe; the nature and the


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essence of the Unmanifested Deity and the manifested gods the connection, primal

and ultimate, of spirit and matter ; the universality of mind and the nature of

the human Soul and Ego.

The Upanishads must be far more ancient than the days of Buddhism, as they show

no preference for, nor do they uphold, the superiority of the Brahmans as a

caste. On the contrary, it is the (now) second caste, the Kshatriya, or warrior

class, who are exalted in the oldest of them. As stated by Professor Cowell in

Elphinstone’s History of India——“they breathe a freedom of spirit unknown to any

earlier work except the Rig Veda. . . The great teachers of the higher knowledge

and Brahmans are continually represented as going to Kshatriya Kings to become

their pupils.” The “ Kshatriya Kings” were in the olden times, like the King

Hierophants of Egypt, the receptacles of the highest divine knowledge and

wisdom, the Elect and the incarnations of the primordial divine Instructors—the

Dhyâni Buddhas or Kumâras. There was a time, æons before the Brahmans became a

caste, or even the Upanishads were written, when there was on earth but one “lip

”, one religion and one science, namely, the speech of the gods, the

Wisdom-Religion and Truth.  This was before the fair fields of the latter,

overrun by nations of many languages, became overgrown with the weeds of

intentional deception, and national creeds invented by ambition, cruelty and

selfishness, broke the one sacred Truth into thousands of fragments.

 

Upanita.(Sk.). One who is invested with the Brahmanical thread; lit., “brought

to a spiritual teacher or Guru”.

 

Uparati (Sk) Absence of outgoing desires; a Yoga state.

 

Upâsaka (Sk.). Male chelas or rather devotees. Those who without entering the

priesthood vow to preserve the principal commandments.

 

Upâsikâ (Sk.). Female chelas or devotees.

 

Upasruti (Sk.). According to Orientahists a “supernatural voice which is heard

at night revealing the secrets of the future ”. According to the explanation of

Occultism, the voice of any person at a distance—— generally one versed in the

mysteries of esoteric teachings or an adept—— endowed with the gift of

projecting both his voice and astral image to any person whatsoever, regardless

of distance. The upasruti may “reveal the secrets of the future ”, or may only

inform the person it addresses of some prosaic fact of the present; yet it will

still be an upasruti—the “double” or the echo of the voice of a living man or

woman.

 

Upekshâ (Sk.). Lit., Renunciation. In Yoga a state of absolute indifference

attained by self-control, the complete mastery over one’s mental and physical

feelings and sensations.

 

Ur (Chald.). The chief seat of lunar worship; the Babylonian city where


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the moon was the chief deity, and whence Abram brought the Jewish god, who is so

inextricably connected with the moon as a creative and generative deity.

 

Uræus (Gr.). In Egyptian Urhek, a serpent and a sacred symbol. Some see in it a

cobra, while others say it is an asp. Cooper explains that “the asp is not a

uræus but a cerastes, or kind of viper, i.e., a two- horned viper. It is the

royal serpent, wearing the pschent . . . the naya hâje.” The uræus is “round the

disk of Horus and forms the ornament of the cap of Osiris, besides overhanging

the brows of other divinities” (Bonwick). Occultism explains that the uræus is

the symbol of initiation and also of hidden wisdom, as the serpent always is.

The gods were all patrons of the hierophants and their instructors.

 

Uragas (Sk.). The Nâgas (serpents) dwelling in Pâtâla the nether world or hell,

in popular thought ; the Adepts, High Priests and Initiates of Central and South

America, known to the ancient Aryans; where Arjuna wedded the daughter of the

king of the Nâgas—Ulûpî. Nagalism or Nâga-worship prevails to this day in Cuba

and Hayti, and Voodooism, the chief branch of the former, has found its way into

New Orleans. In Mexico the chief “sorcerers ”, the “ medicine men ”, are called

Nagals to this day; just as thousands of years ago the Chaldean and Assyrian

High Priests were called Nargals, they being chiefs of the Magi (Rab.Mag), the

office held at one time by the prophet Daniel. The word Nâga, “ wise serpent ”,

has become universal, because it is one of the few words that have survived the

wreck of the first universal language. In South as well as in Central and North

America, the aborigines use the word, from Behring Straits down to Uruguay,

where it means a “chief”, a “teacher and a “ serpent ”. The very word Uraga may

have reached India and been adopted through its connection, in prehistoric

times, with South America and Uruguay itself, for the name belongs to the

American Indian vernacular. The origin of the Uragas, for all that the

Orientalists know, may have been in Uruguai, as there are legends about them

which locate their ancestors the Nâgas in Pâtâla, the antipodes, or America.

 

Uranides (Gr.). One of the names of the divine Titans, those who rebelled

against Kronos, the prototypes of the Christian “fallen” angels.

 

Urim (Heb.). See“ Thummim”. The“ Urim and Thummim ”originated in Egypt, and

symbolized the Two Truths, the two figures of Ra and Thmei being engraved on the

breastplate of the Hierophant and worn by him during the initiation ceremonies.

Diodorus adds that this necklace of gold and precious stones was worn by the

High


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Priest when delivering judgment. Thme (plural Thmin) means “ Truth” in Hebrew. “

The Septuagint translates thummim, as Truth ” (Bonwick). The late Mr. Proctor,

the astronomer, shows the Jewish idea “derived directly from the Egyptians”. But

Philo Judæus affirms that Urim and Thummim were “the two small images of

 

Revelation and Truth, put between the double folds of the breastplate ”, and

passes over the latter, with its twelve stones typifying the twelve signs of the

Zodiac, without explanation.

 

Urlak (Scand.). The same as “Orlog” (q.v.). Fate; an impersonal power bestowing

gifts “blindly” on mortals; a kind of Nemesis.

 

Urvasî(Sk.). A divine nymph, mentioned in the Rig-Veda, whose beauty set the

whole heaven ablaze. Cursed by the gods she descended to earth and settled

there. The loves of Purûravas (the Vikrama), and the nymph Urvasî are the

subject of Kâlidâsa's world-famous drama, the Vikramorvasî.

 

Usanas (Sk.). The planet Venus or Sukra; or rather the ruler and governor of

that planet.

 

Ushas (Sk.). The dawn, the daughter of heaven; the same as the Aurora of the

Latins and the hjwvd of the Greeks. She is first mentioned in the Vedas, wherein

her name is also Ahanâ and Dyotanâ (the illuminator), and is a most poetical and

fascinating image. She is the ever-faithful friend of men, of rich and poor,

though she is believed to prefer the latter. She smiles upon and visits the

dwelling of every living mortal. She is the immortal, ever-youthful virgin, the

light of the poor, and the destroyer of darkness.

 

Uttara Mîmânsâ (Sk.). The second of the two Mîmânsâs—the first being Pûrva

(first) Mîmânsâ, which form respectively the fifth and sixth of the Darshanas or

schools of philosophy. The Mîmânsâ are included in the generic name of Vedânta,

though it is the Uttara (by Vyâsa) which is really the Vedânta.

 

Uzza (Heb.). The name of an angel who, together with Azrael, opposed, as the

Zohar teaches, the creation of man by the Elohim, for which the latter

annihilated both.

 

               

V 


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V.—The twenty-second letter of the Latin alphabet. Numerically it stands for 5;

hence the Roman V (with a dash) stands for 5,000. The Western Kabbalists have

connected it with the divine Hebrew name IHVH. The Hebrew Vau, however, being

number 6, it is only by being identical with the W, that it can ever become a

proper symbol for the male-female, and spirit-matter. The equivalent for the

Hebrew Vau is YO, and in numerals 6.

 

Vâch (Sk.). To call Vâch “speech” simply, is deficient in clearness. Vâch is the

mystic personification of speech, and the female Logos, being one with Brahmâ,

who created her out of one-half of his body, which he divided into two portions;

she is also one with Virâj (called the “female” Virâj) who was created in her by

Brahmâ. In one sense Vâch is “speech” by which knowledge was taught to man; in

another she is the

“mystic, secret speech” which descends upon and enters into the primeval Rishis,

as the “tongues of fire” are said to have “sat upon” the apostles. For, she is

called “the female creator ”, the “mother of the Vedas ”, etc., etc.

Esoterically, she is the subjective Creative Force which, emanating from the

Creative Deity (the subjective Universe, its “privation ”, or ideation) becomes

the manifested “world of speech ”, i.e., the concrete expression of ideation,

hence the “Word” or Logos. Vâch is “the male and female” Adam of the first

chapter of Genesis, and thus called “Vâch-Virâj” by the sages. (See Atharva

Veda.) She is also “the celestial Saraswatî produced from the heavens ”, a

“voice derived from speechless Brahmâ” (Mahâbhârata); the goddess of wisdom and

eloquence. She is called Sata-rûpa, the goddess of a hundred forms.

 

Vacuum (Lat.). The symbol of the absolute Deity or Boundless Space,

esoterically.

 

Vâhana (Sk.). A vehicle, the carrier of something immaterial and formless. All

the gods and goddesses are, therefore, represented as using vâhanas to manifest

themselves, which vehicles are ever symbolical. So, for instance, Vishnu has

during Pralayas, Ânanta the infinite” (Space), symbolized by the serpent Sesha,

and during the Manvantaras—Garuda the gigantic half-eagle, half-man, the symbol

of the great cycle; Brahma appears as Brahmâ, descending into the planes of

manifestations on Kâlahamsa, the “swan in time or finite eternity”; Siva

(phonet, Shiva) appears as the bull Nandi; Osiris as the sacred bull Apis; Indra


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travels on an elephant; Kârttikeya, on a peacock; Kâmadeva on Makâra, at other

times a parrot; Agni, the universal (and also solar) Fire-god, who is, as all of

them are, “a consuming Fire”, manifests itself as a ram and a lamb, Ajâ, “the

unborn”; Varuna, as a fish; etc., etc., while the vehicle of MAN is his body.

 

Vaibhâchikas (Sk.). The followers of the Vibhâcha Shâstra, an ancient school of

materialism ; a philosophy that held that no mental concept can be formed except

through direct contact between the mind, via the senses, such as sight, touch,

taste, etc., and external objects. There are Vaibhâchikas, to this day, in

India.

 

Vaidhâtra (Sk.). The same as the Kumâras.

 

 

Vaidyuta (Sk.). Electric fire, the same as Pâvaka, one of the three fires which,

divided, produce

forty-nine mystic fires.

 

Vaihara (Sk.). The name of a cave-temple near Râjagriha, whereinto the Lord

Buddha usually retired for meditation.

 

Vaijayantî (Sk.). The magic necklace of Vishnu, imitated by certain Initiates

among the temple Brahmans. It is made of five precious stones, each symbolizing

one of the five elements of our Round; namely, the pearl, ruby, emerald,

sapphire and diamond, or water, fire, earth, air and ether, called “the

aggregate of the five elemental rudiments”— the word “powers” being, perhaps,

more correct than “rudiments ”.

 

Vaikhari Vâch (Sk.). ‘That which is uttered; one of the four forms of speech.

 

Vaikuntha (Sk.). One of the names of the twelve great gods, whence

Vaikunthaloka, the abode of Vishnu.

 

Vairâjas (Sk.). In the popular belief, semi-divine beings, shades of saints,

inconsumable by fire, impervious to water, who dwell in Tapo loka with the hope

of being translated into Satya-loka—a more purified state which answers to

Nirvâna. The term is explained as the aerial bodies or astral shades of

“ascetics, mendicants, anchorites, and penitents, who have completed their

course of rigorous austerities”. Now in esoteric philosophy they are called

Nirmânakâyas, Tapo-loka being on the sixth plane (upward) but in direct

communication with the mental plane. The Vairâjas are referred to as the first

gods because the Mânasa putras and the Kumâras are the oldest in theogony, as it

is said that even the gods worshipped them (Matsya Purâna); those whom Brahmâ

“with the eye of Yoga beheld in the eternal spheres, and who are the gods of

gods” (Vâyu Purâna).

 

Vairochana (Sk.). “All-enlightening”. A mystic symbol, or rather a generic

personification of a class of spiritual beings described as the embodiment of

essential wisdom (bodhi) and absolute purity.


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They dwell in the fourth Arûpa Dhâtu (formless world) or Buddhakshetra, and are

the first or the highest hierarchy of the five orthodox Dhyâni Buddhas. There

was a Sramana (an Arhat) of this name (see Eitel’s Sansk. Chin. Dict.) a native

of Kashmir, “who introduced Buddhism into Kustan and lahoured in Tibet” (in the

seventh century of our era). He was the best translator of the semi-esoteric

Canon of Northern

Buddhism, and a contemporary of the great Samantabhadra (q.v.).

 

Vaisâkha (Sk.). A celebrated female ascetic, born at Srâvastî, and called

Sudatta, “virtuous donor”. She was the mother-abbess of a Vihâra, or convent of

female Upâsikâs, and is known as the builder of a Vihâra for Sâkyamuni Buddha.

She is regarded as the patroness of all the Buddhist female ascetics.

 

Vaisheshika (Sk.). One of the six Darshanas or schools of philosophy, founded by

Kanâda. It is called the Atomistic School, as it teaches the existence of a

universe of atoms of a transient character, an endless number of souls and a

fixed number of material principles, by the correlation and interaction of which

periodical cosmic evolutions take place without any directing Force, save a kind

of mechanical law inherent in the atoms; a very materialistic school.

 

Vaishnava (Sk.). A follower of any sect recognising and worshipping Vishnu as

the one supreme God. The worshippers of Siva are called Saivas.

 

Vaivaswata (Sk.). The name of the Seventh Manu, the forefather of the

post-diluvian race, or our own fifth humankind. A reputed son of Sûrya (the

Sun), he became, after having been saved in an ark (built by the order of

Vishnu) from the Deluge, the father of Ikshwâku, the founder of the solar race

of kings.

(See “Sûryavansa”.)

 

Vajra (Sk.). Lit., “diamond club” or sceptre. In the Hindu works, the sceptre of

Indra, similar to the thunderbolts of Zeus, with which this deity, as the god of

thunder, slays his enemies. But in mystical Buddhism, the magic sceptre of

Priest-Initiates, exorcists and adepts—the symbol of the possession of Siddhis

or superhuman powers, wielded during certain ceremonies by the priests and

theurgists. It is also the symbol of Buddha’s power over evil spirits or

elementals. The possessors of this wand are called Vajrapâni (q.v.).

 

Vajrâchârya (Sk.). The spiritual achârya (guru, teacher) of the Yogâchâryas, The

“Supreme Master of the Vajra”.

 

Vajradhara (Sk.). The Supreme Buddha with the Northern Buddhists.

 

Vajrapâni (Sk.), or Manjushrî, the Dhyâni-Bodhisattva (as the spiritual reflex,

or the son of the Dhyâni.Buddhas, on earth) born directly from the subjective

form of existence; a deity worshipped by the profane


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as a god, and by Initiates as a subjective Force, the real nature of which is

known only to, and explained by, the highest Initiates of the Yogâchârya School.

 

Vajrasattva (Sk.). The name of the sixth Dhyani-Buddha (of whom there are but

five in the popular Northern Buddhism)—in the Yogâchârya school, the latter

counting seven Dhyâni-Buddhas and as many Bodhisattvas—the “mind-sons” of the

former. Hence, the Orientalists refer to Vajrasattva as “a fictitious

Bodhisattva”.

 

Vallabâchârya (Sk.). The name of a mystic who was the chela (disciple) of Vishnu

Swâmi, and the founder of a sect of Vaishnavas. His descendants are called

Goswâmi Mahârâj, and have much landed property and numerous mandirs (temples) in

Bombay. They have degenerated into a shamefully licentious sect.

 

Vâmana (Sk.). The fifth avatar of Vishnu, hence the name of the Dwarf whose form

was assumed by that god.

 

Vara (Mazd.). A term used in the Vendîdâd, where Ahura-mazda commands Yima to

build Vara. It also signifies an enclosure or vehicle, an ark (argha), and at

the same time MAN (verse 30). Vara is the vehicle of our informing Egos, i.e.

the human body, the soul in which is typified by the expression a “window

self-shining within”.

 

Varâha (Sk.). The boar-avatar of Vishnu; the third in number.

 

Varna (Sk.). Caste; lit., “colour”. The four chief castes named by Manu—the

Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaisya and Sûdra—are called Chatur-varna.

 

Varsha (Sk.). A region, a plain; any stretch of country situated between the

great mountain-ranges of the earth.

 

Varuna (Sk). The god of water, or marine god, but far different from Neptune,

for in the case of this oldest of the Vedic deities, Water means the “ Waters of

Space”, or the all-investing sky, Akâsa, in one sense. Varuna or Ooaroona

(phonetically), is certainly the prototype of the Ouranos of the Greeks. As Muir

says : “ The grandest cosmical functions are ascribed to Varuna. Possessed of

illimitable knowledge he upholds heaven and earth, he dwells in all worlds as

sovereign ruler. . . He made the golden . . . sun to shine in the firmament. The

wind which resounds through the atmosphere is his breath. . . . Through the

operation of his laws the moon walks in brightness and the stars . . .

mysteriously vanish in daylight. He knows the flight of birds in the sky, the

paths of ships on the ocean, the course of the far travelling wind, and beholds

all the things that have been or shall be done. . . . He witnesses men’s truth

and false hood. He instructs the Rishi Vasishta in mysteries ; but his secrets

and

 


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those of Mitra are not to be revealed to the foolish.” . . “ The attributes and

functions ascribed to Varuna impart to his character a moral elevation and

sanctity far surpassing that attributed to any other Vedic deity.”

 

Vasishta (Sk.). One of the primitive seven great Rishis, and a most celebrated

Vedic sage.

 

Vasudeva (Sk.). The father of Krishna. He belonged to the Yâdava branch of the

Somavansa, or lunar race.

 

Vasus (Sk.). The eight evil deities attendant upon Indra. Personified cosmic

phenomena, as their names show.

 

Vâyu (Sk.). Air: the god and sovereign of the air; one of the five states of

matter, namely the gaseous; one of the five elements, called, as wind, Vâta. The

Vishnu Purâna makes Vâyu King of the Gandharvas. He is the father of Hanumân, in

the Râmâyana. The trinity of the mystic gods in Kosmos closely related to each

other, are “ Agni (fire) whose place is on earth; Vâyu (air, or one of the forms

of Indra), whose place is in the air ; and Sûrya (the sun) whose place is in the

air (Nirukta.) In esoteric interpretation, these three cosmic principles,

correspond with the three human principles, Kâma, Kâma-Manas and Manas, the sun

of the intellect.

 

Vedanâ (Sk.). The second of the five Shandhas (perceptions, senses). The sixth

Nidâna.

 

Vedânta (Sk.). A mystic system of philosophy which has developed from the

efforts of generations of sages to interpret the secret meaning of the

Upanishads (q.v.). It is called in the Shad-Darshanas (six schools or systems of

demonstration), Uttara Mîmânsâ, attributed to Vyâsa, the compiler of the Vedas,

who is thus referred to as the founder of the Vedânta. The orthodox Hindus call

Vedânta_a term meaning literally the “end of all (Vedic) knowledge

”—Brahmâ-jnâna, or pure and spiritual knowledge of Brahmâ. Even if we accept the

late dates assigned to various Sanskrit schools and treatises by our

Orientalists, the Vedânta must be 3,300 years old, as Vyâsa is said to have

lived I,400 years B.C. If, as Elphinstone has it in his History of India, the

Brahmanas are the Talmud of the Hindus, and the Vedas the Mosaic books, then the

Vedânta may be correctly called the Kabalah of India. But how vastly more grand!

Sankarâchârya, who was the popularizer of the Vedântic system, and the founder

of the Adwaita philosophy, is sometimes called the founder of the modern schools

of the Vedânta.

 

Vedas (Sk.). The “revelation”. the scriptures of the Hindus, from the root vid,

“to know ”, or “divine knowledge”. They are the most ancient as well as the most

sacred of the Sanskrit works. The Vedas


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on the date and antiquity of which no two Orientalists can agree, are claimed by

the Hindus themselves, whose Brahmans and Pundits ought to know best about their

own religious works, to have been first taught orally for thousands of years and

then compiled on the shores of Lake Mânasa-Sarovara (phonetically, Mansarovara)

beyond the Himalayas, in Tibet. When was this done? While their religious

teachers, such as Swami Dayanand Saraswati, claim for them an antiquity of many

decades of ages, our modern Orientalists will grant them no greater antiquity in

their present form than about between 1,000 and 2,000 B.C. As compiled in their

final form by Veda-Vyâsa, however, the Brahmans themselves unanimously assign

3,100 years before the Christian era, the date when Vyâsa flourished. Therefore

the Vedas must be as old as this date. But their antiquity is sufficiently

proven by the fact that they are written in such an ancient form, of Sanskrit,

so different from the Sanskrit now used, that there is no other, work like them

in the literature of this eldest sister of all the known languages, as Prof. Max

Muller calls it. Only the most learned of the Brahman Pundits can read the Vedas

in their original. It is urged that Colebrooke found the date 1400 B.c.

corroborated absolutely by a passage which he discovered, and which is based on

astronomical data. But if, as shown unanimously by all the Orientalists and the

Hindu Pundits also, that (a) the Vedas are not a single work, nor yet any one of

the separate Vedas; but that each Veda, and almost every hymn and division of

the latter, is the production of various authors; and that (b) these have been

written (whether as sruti, “revelation ”, or not) at various periods of the

ethnological evolution of the Indo-Aryan race, then—what does Mr. Colebrooke’s

discovery prove? Simply that the Vedas were finally arranged and compiled

fourteen centuries before our era; but this interferes in no way with their

antiquity. Quite the reverse; for, as an offset to Mr. Colebrooke’s passage,

there is a learned article, written on purely astronomical data by Krishna

Shâstri Godbole (of Bombay), which proves as absolutely and on the same evidence

that the Vedas must have been taught at least 25,000 years ago. (See

Theosophist, Vol. II., p. 238 et seq., Aug., 1881.) This statement is, if not

supported, at any rate not contradicted by what Prof. Cowell says in Appendix

VII., of Elphinstone’ History of India: “ There is a difference in age between

the various hymns, which are now united in their present form as the Sanhitâ of

the Rig Veda; but we have no data to determine their relative antiquity, and

purely subjective criticism, apart from solid data, has so often failed in other

instances, that we can trust but little to any of its inferences in such a

recently opened field of research as Sanskrit literature. [ a fourth part of the

Vaidik literature is as yet in print, and very little of it has


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been translated into English (1866).] The still unsettled controversies about

the Homeric poems may well warn us of being too confident in our judgments

regarding the yet earlier hymns of the Rig -Veda. . . . When we examine these

hymns . . . they are deeply interesting for the history of the human mind,

belonging as they do to a much older phase than the poems of Homer or Hesiod.”

The Vedic writings are all classified in two great divisions, exoteric and

esoteric, the former being called Karma-Kânda, “division of actions or works ”,

and the Jnâna Kânda, “division of (divine) knowledge”, the Upanishads (q.v.)

coming under this last classification. Both departments are regarded as Sruti or

revelation. To each hymn of the Rig -Veda, the name of the Seer or Rishi to whom

it was revealed is prefixed. It, thus, becomes evident on the authority of these

very names (such as Vasishta, Viswâmitra, Nârada, etc.), all of which belong to

men born in various manvantaras and even ages, that centuries, and perhaps

millenniums, must have elapsed between the dates of their composition.

 

Veda-Vyâsa (Sk.). The compiler of the Vedas (q.v.).

 

Veddhas (Sing.). The name of a wild race of men living in the forests of Ceylon.

They are very difficult to find.

 

Vehicle of Life (Mystic). The “Septeriary” Man among the Pythagoreans, “number

seven” among the profane. The former “explained it by saying, that the human

body consisted of four principal elements (principles), and that the soul is

triple (the higher triad)” . (See Isis Unveiled, Vol. II., p. 418, New York,

1877.) It has been often remarked that in the earlier works of the Theosophists

no septenary division of man was mentioned. The above quotation is sufficient

warrant that, although with every caution, the subject was more than once

approached, and is not a new-fangled theory or invention.

 

Vendîdâd (Pahlavi). The first book (Nosk) in the collection of Zend fragments

usually known as the Zend-Avesta. The Vendidâd is a corruption of the

compound-word “Vidaêvo-dâtern”, meaning “the anti- demoniac law ”, and is full

of teachings how to avoid sin and defilement by purification, moral and

physical—each of which teachings is based on Occult laws. It is a pre-eminently

occult treatise, full of symbolism and often of meaning quite the reverse of

that which is expressed in its dead-letter text. The Vendîdâd, as claimed by

tradition, is the only one of the twenty-one Nosks (works) that has escaped the

auto-da-fé at the hands of the drunken Iskander the Rûmi, he whom posterity

calls Alexander the Great— though the epithet is justifiable only when applied

to the brutality, vices and cruelty of this conqueror. It is through the

vandalism of this Greek that literature and knowledge have lost much priceless

lore in the Nosks burnt by him. Even the Vendidâd has


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reached us in only a fragmentary state. The first chapters are very mystical,

and therefore called “mythical” in the renderings of European Orientalists. The

two “creators” of “spirit-matter” or the world of differentiation—Ahura- Mazda

and Angra-Mainyu (Ahriman)—are introduced in them, and also Yima (the first man,

or mankind personified). The work is divided into Fargards or chapters, and a

portion of these is devoted to the formation of our globe, or terrestrial

evolution. (See Zend-Avesta.)

 

Vetâla (Sk.). An elemental, a spook, which haunts burial grounds and animates

corpses.

 

Vetâla Siddhi (Sk.). A practice of sorcery; means of obtaining power over the

living by black magic, incantations, and ceremonies performed over a dead human

body, during which process the corpse is desecrated. (See “Vetâla ”.)

 

Vibhâvasu (Sk.). A mystic fire connected with the beginning of pralaya, or the

dissolution of the universe.

 

Vibhûtayah (Sk.). The same as Siddhis or magic powers.

 

Vidyâ (Sk.). Knowledge, Occult Science.

 

Vidyâ-dhara (Sk.). And Vidyâ-dharî, male and female deities. Lit., “possessors

of knowledge”. They are also called Nabhas-chara, “moving in the air”, flying,

and Priyam-vada, “sweet-spoken ”. They are the Sylphs of the Rosicrucians;

inferior deities inhabiting the astral sphere between the earth and ether;

believed in popular folk-lore to be beneficent, but in reality they are cunning

and mischievous, and intelligent Elementals, or “Powers of the air ”. They are

represented in the East, and in the West, as having intercourse with men (“

intermarrying ”, as it is called in Rosicrucian parlance; see Count de Gabalis).

In India they are also called Kâma-rûpins, as they take shapes at will. It is

among these creatures that the “spirit-wives” and “ spirit-husbands” of certain

modern spiritualistic mediums and hysteriacs are recruited. These boast with

pride of having such pernicious connexions (e.g., the American “Lily ”, the

spirit-wife of a well-known head of a now scattered community of Spiritualists,

of a great poet and well-known writer), and call them angel-guides, maintaining

that they are the spirits of famous

disembodied mortals. These “ spirit-husbands” and “wives” have not originated

with the modern Spiritists and Spiritualists, but have been known in the East

for thousands of years, in the Occult philosophy, under the names above given,

and among the profane as—Pishâthas.

 

Vihâra (Sk.). Any place inhabited by Buddhist priests or ascetics; a Buddhist

temple, generally a rock-temple or cave. A monastery, or a nunnery also. One

finds in these days Vihâras built in the


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enclosures of monasteries and academies for Buddhist training in towns and

cities; but in days of yore they were to be met with only in unfrequented wild

jungles, on mountain tops, and in the most deserted places.

 

Vihâraswâmin (Sk.). The superior (whether male or female) of a monastery or

convent, Vihâra. Also called Karmadâna, as every teacher or guru, having

authority, takes upon himself the responsibility of certain actions, good or

bad, committed by his pupils or the flock entrusted to him.

 

Vijnânam (Sk.). The Vedântic name for the principle which dwells in the

Vijnânamaya Kosha (the sheath of intellect) and corresponds to the faculties of

the Higher Manas.

 

Vikârttana (Sk.). Lit., “shorn of his rags”; a name of the Sun, and the type of

the initiated neophyte. (See Secret Doctrine, I., p. 322, n.)

 

Vimoksha (Sk.). The same as Nirvâna.

 

Vînâ (Sk.). A kind of large guitar used in India and Tibet, whose invention is

attributed variously to Siva, Nârada, and others.

 

Vinatâ (Sk.). A daughter of Daksha and wife of Kashyapa (one of the “seven

orators” of the world). She brought forth the egg from which Garuda the seer was

born.

 

Viprachitti (Sk.). The chief of the Dânavas—the giants that warred with the

gods: the Titans of India.

 

Vîrabhadra (Sk.). A thousand-headed and thousand-armed monster, “born of the

breath” of Siva Rudra, a symbol having reference to the “sweat-born ”, the

second race of mankind

(Secret Doctrine, II., p. 182).

 

Virâj (Sk.). The Hindu Logos in the Purânas; the male Manu, created in the

female portion of Brahmâ’s body (Vâch) by that god. Says Manu: “ Having divided

his body into two parts, the lord (Brahmâ) became with the one half a male and

with the other half a female; and in her he created Virâj”. The Rig -Veda makes

Virâj spring from Purusha, and Purusha spring from Virâj. The latter is the type

of all male beings, and Vâch, Sata-rûpa (she of the hundred forms), the type of

all female forms.

 

Vishnu (Sk.). The second person of the Hindu Trimûrti (trinity), composed of

Brahmâ, Vishnu and Siva. From the root vish, “to pervade”. in the Rig -Veda,

Vishnu is no high god, but simply a manifestation of the solar energy, described

as “striding through the seven regions of the Universe in three steps and

enveloping all things with the dust (of his beams ”.) Whatever may be the six

other occult significances of the statement, this is related to the same class

of types as the seven and ten Sephiroth, as the seven and three orifices of the

perfect Adam Kadmon, as the seven “principles” and the higher triad in man,

etc., etc. Later


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on this mystic type becomes a great god, the preserver and the renovator, he “of

a thousand names—Sahasranâma ”.

 

Vishwakarman (Sk.). The “Omnificent”. A Vedic god, a personification of the

creative Force, described as the One “all-seeing god, . . . the generator,

disposer, who . . . is beyond the comprehension of (uninitiated) mortals”. In

the two hymns of the Rig -Veda specially devoted to him, he is said “to

sacrifice himself  to himself  ”. The names of his mother, “the lovely and

virtuous Yoga-Siddha” (Purânas) and of his daughter Sanjnâ (spiritual

consciousness), show his mystic character. (See Secret Doctrine, sub voc.) As

the artificer of the gods and maker of their weapons, he is called Karu,

“workman”, Takshaka “carpenter”, or “wood-cutter”, etc., etc.

 

Vishwatryarchas (Sk.) The fourth solar (mystic) ray of the seven. (See Secret

Doctrine, I., p. 515, n.)

 

Vivaswat (Sk.). The “bright One”, the Sun.

 

Viwan (Sk.). Some kind “of air-vehicle”, like a balloon, mentioned but not

described in the old Sanskrit works, which the Atlanteans and the ancient Aryas

seem to have known and used.

 

Voluspa (Scand.). A poem called “The Song of the Prophetess”, or “Song of Wala

”.

 

Voodooism, or Voodoos. A system of African sorcery; a sect of black magicians,

to which the New Orleans negroes are much addicted. It flourishes likewise in

Cuba and South America.

 

Voordalak (Slav.). A vampire; a corpse informed by its lower principles, and

maintaining a kind of semi-life in itself by raising itself during the night

from the grave, fascinating its living victims and sucking out their blood.

Roumanians, Moldavians, Servians, and all the Slavonian tribes dwelling in the

Balkans, and also the Tchechs (Bohemians), Moravians, and others, firmly believe

in the existence of such ghosts and dread them accordingly.

 

Votan (Mex.). The deified hero of the Mexicans, and probably the same as

Quetzal-Coatl; a “son of the snakes”, one admitted “to the snake’s hole ”, which

means an Adept admitted to the Initiation in the secret chamber of the Temple.

The missionary Brasseur de Bourbourg, seeks to prove him a descendant of Ham,

the accursed son of Noah. (See Isis Unveiled, I., pp. 545 et seq.)

 

Vrata (Sk) Law, or power of the gods.

 

Vratâni (Sk.). Varuna’s “active laws”, courses of natural action. (See Rig

-Vedic Hymns, X., 90-1.

 

Vriddha Garga (Sk.). From Vriddha, “old”, and Garga, an ancient sage, one of the

oldest writers on astronomy.


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Vriddha Mânava (Sk.) The laws of Manu.

 

Vritra (Sk.). The demon of drought in the Vedas, a great foe of Indra, with whom

he is constantly at war. The allegory of a cosmic phenomenon.

 

Vritra-han (Sk.) An epithet or title of Indra, meaning “the slayer of Vritra”.

 

Vyahritis (Slav.). Lit., “ fiery ”, words lit by and born of fire. The three

mystical, creative words, said by Manu to have been milked by the Prajâpati from

the Vedas: bhûr, from the Rig -Veda; bhuvah, from the Vajur-Veda; and Swar, from

the Sama-Veda (Manu II., 76). All three are said to possess creative powers. The

Satapatha Brâhmana explains that they are “the three luminous essences”

extracted from the Vedas by Prajâpati (“lords of creation ”, progenitors),

through heat. “He (Brahmâ) uttered the word bhûr and it became the earth;

bhuvah, and it became the firmament; and swar, which became heaven”. Mahar is

the fourth “luminous essence ”, and was taken from the Atharva-Veda. But, as

this word is purely mantric and magical, it is one, so to say, kept apart.

 

Vyâsa (Sk.).. Lit., one who expands or amplifies; an interpreter, or rather a

revealer; for that which he explains, interprets and amplifies is a mystery to

the profane. This term was applied in days of old to the highest Gurus in India.

There were many Vyâsas in Aryavarta; one was the compiler and arranger of the

Vedas; another, the author of the Mahâbhârata—the twenty-eighth Vyâsa or

revealer in the order of

succession—and the last one of note was the author of Uttara Mîmânsâ, the sixth

school or system of Indian philosophy. He was also the founder of the Vedânta

system. His date, as assigned by Orientalists (see Elphinstone, Cowell, etc.),

is 1,400 B.C., but this date is certainly too recent. The Purânas mention only

twenty-eight Vyâsas, who at various ages descended to the earth to promulgate

Vedic truths—but there were many more.

 

             

      W        

 
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W_The 23rd letter. Has no equivalent in Hebrew. In Western Occultism some take

it as the symbol for celestial water, whereas M stands for terrestrial water.

 

Wala (Scand.). A prophetess in the songs of the Edda (Norse mythology). Through

the incantations of Odin she was raised from her grave, and made to prophesy the

death of Baldur.

 

Walhalla (Scand.). A kind of paradise (Devachan) for slaughtered warriors,

called by the Norsemen “the hall of the blessed heroes”; it has five hundred

doors.

 

Wali (Scand.). The son of Odin who avenges the death of Baldur, “the

well-beloved”.

 

Walkyries (Scand.). Called the “choosers of the dead”. In the popular poetry of

the Scandinavians, these goddesses consecrate the fallen heroes with a kiss, and

bearing them from the battle-field carry them to the halls of bliss and to the

gods in Walhalla.

 

Wanes (Scand.). A race of gods of great antiquity, worshipped at the dawn of

time by the Norsemen, and later by the Teutonic races.

 

Wara (Scand.). One of the maidens of Northern Freya; “the wise Wara ”, who

watches the desires of each human heart, and avenges every breach of faith.

 

 

Water. The first principle of things, according to Thales and other ancient

philosophers. Of course this is not water on the material plane, but in a

figurative sense for the potential fluid contained in boundless space. This was

symbolised in ancient Egypt by Kneph, the “unrevealed” god, who was represented

as the serpent—the emblem of eternity—encircling a water-urn, with his head

hovering over the waters, which he incubates with his breath. “And the Spirit of

God moved upon the face of the waters.” (Gen. i.) The honey-dew, the food of the

gods and of the creative bees on the Yggdrasil, falls during the night upon the

tree of life from the “divine waters, the birth-place of the gods ”. Alchemists

claim that when pre-Adamic earth is reduced by the Alkahest to its first

substance, it is like clear water. The Alkahest is “the one and the invisible,

the water, the first principle, in the second transformation”.

 

We (Scand.). One of the three gods—Odin, Wili and We—who kill the giant Ymir

(chaotic force), and create the world out of his body, the primordial substance.


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Werdandi (Scand.). See “ Nörns ”, the three sister-goddesses who represent the

Past, the Present and the Future. Werdandi represents the ever-present time.

 

Whip of Osiris. The scourge which symbolises Osiris as the “judge of the dead ”.

It is called the nekhekh, in the papyri, or the flagellum. Dr. Pritchard sees in

it a fan or van, the winnowing instrument. Osiris, “whose fan is in his hand and

who purges the Amenti of sinful hearts as a winnower sweeps his floor of the

fallen grains and locks the good wheat into his garner ”. (Compare Matthew, 12.)

 

White Fire (Kab.). The Zohar treating of the “Long Face” and Short Face “, the

symbols of Macrocosm and Microcosm, speaks of the hidden White Fire, radiating

from these night and day and yet never seen. It answers to vital force (beyond

luminiferous ether), and electricity on the higher and lower planes. But the

mystic “White Fire” is a name given to Ain-Soph. And this is the difference

between the Aryan and the Semitic philosophies. The Occultists of the former

speak of the Black Fire, which is the symbol of the unknown and unthinkable

Brahm, and declare any speculation on the“ Black Fire” impossible. But the

Kabbalists who, owing to a subtle permutation of meaning, endow even Ain-Soph

with a kind of indirect will and attributes, call its “fire” white, thus

dragging the Absolute into the world of relation and finiteness.

 

White Head. In Hebrew Resha Hivra, an epithet given to Sephira, the highest of

the Sephiroth, whose cranium “ distils the dew which will call the dead again to

life”.

 

White Stone. The sign of initiation mentioned in St. John’s Revelation. It had

the word prize engraved on it, and was the symbol of that word given to the

neophyte who, in his initiation, had successfully passed through all the trials

in the MYSTERIES, it was the potent white cornelian of the mediæval

Rosicrucians, who took it from the Gnostics. ‘ To him that overcometh will I

give to eat of the hidden manna (the occult knowledge which descends as divine

wisdom from heaven), and will give him a white stone, and in the stone a new

name written (the ‘mystery name’ of the inner man or the EGO of the new

Initiate), which no man knoweth saving him that receiveth it.” (Revelation, ii.

17.)

 

Widow’s Son. A name given to the French Masons, because the Masonic ceremonies

are principally based on the adventures and death of Hiram Abif, “the widow’s

son”, who is supposed to have helped to build the mythical Solomon’s Temple.

 

Wili (Scand.). See “ We ”.


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Will. In metaphysics and occult philosophy, Will is that which governs the

manifested universes in eternity. Will is the one and sole principle of abstract

eternal MOTION, or its ensouling essence. “ The will”, says Van Helmont, “is the

first of all powers. . . . The will is the property of all spiritual beings and

displays itself in them the more actively the more they are freed from matter.”

And Paracelsus teaches that “determined will is the beginning of all magical

operations. It is because men do not perfectly imagine and believe the result,

that the (occult) arts are so uncertain, while they might he perfectly certain.”

Like all the rest, the Will is septenary in its degrees of manifestation.

Emanating from the one, eternal, abstract and purely quiescent Will (Âtmâ in

Layam), it becomes Buddhi in its Alaya state, descends lower as Mahat (Manas),

and runs down the ladder of degrees until the divine Eros becomes, in its lower,

animal manifestation, erotic desire. Will as an eternal principle is neither

spirit nor substance but everlasting ideation. As well expressed by Schopenhauer

in his Parerga, “ in sober reality there is neither matter nor spirit. The

tendency to gravitation in a stone is as unexplainable as thought in the human

brain. . . If matter can—no one knows why——fall to the ground, then it can

also—no one knows why—-think. . . . As soon, even in mechanics, as we trespass

beyond the purely mathematical, as soon as we reach the inscrutable adhesion,

gravitation, and so on, we are faced by phenomena which are to our senses as

mysterious as the WILL.”

 

Wisdom. The “ very essence of wisdom is contained in the Non- Being ”. say the

Kabbalists; but they also apply the term to the WORD or Logos, the Demiurge, by

which the universe was called into existence. “The one Wisdom is in the Sound ”,

say the Occultists; the Logos again being meant by Sound, which is the

substratum of Âkâsa. Says the Zohar, the “ Book of Splendour” “It is the

Principle of all the Principles, the mysterious Wisdom, the crown of all that

which there is of the most High”. (Zohar, iii., fol. 288, Myers Qabbalah.) And

it is explained, “Above Kether is the Ayin, or Ens, i.e., Ain, the NOTHING”. “It

is so named because we do not know, and it is impossible to know, that which

there is in that Principle, because . . . it is above Wisdom itself.” (iii.,

fol. 288.) This shows that the real Kabbalists agree with the Occultists that

the essence, or that which is in the principle of Wisdom, is still above that

highest Wisdom.

 

Wisdom Religion. The one religion which underlies all the now-existing creeds.

That “faith” which, being primordial, and revealed directly to human kind by

their progenitors and informing EGOS (though the Church regards them as the

“fallen angels”), required no “grace”, nor blind faith to believe, for it was

knowledge. (See “Gupta Vidyâ”,

 
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Hidden Knowledge.) It is on this Wisdom Religion that Theosophy is based.

 

Witch. From the Anglo-Saxon word wicce, German wissen, “to know”, and wikken,

“to divine”. The witches were at first called “wise women”, until the day when

the Church took it unto herself to follow the law of Moses, which put every

“witch” or enchantress to death.

 

Witchcraft. Sorcery, enchantment, the art of throwing spells and using black

magic.

 

Witches’ Sabbath. The supposed festival and gathering of witches in some lonely

spot, where the witches were accused of conferring directly with the Devil.

Every race and people believed in it, and some believe in it still. Thus the

chief headquarters and place of meeting of all the witches in Russia is said to

be the Bald Mountain (Lyssaya Gorâ), near Kief, and in Germany the Brocken, in

the Harz Mountains. In old Boston, U.S.A., they met near the “Devil’s Pond ”, in

a large forest which has now disappeared. At Salem, they were put to death

almost at the will of the Church Elders, and in South Carolina a witch was burnt

as late as 1865. In Germany and England they were murdered by Church and State

in thousands, being forced to lie and confess under torture their participation

in the “ Witches’ Sabbath ”.

 

Wittoba (Sk.). A form of Vishnu. Moor gives in his Hindu Pantheon the picture of

Wittoba crucified in Space; and the Rev. Dr. Lundy maintains (Monumental

Christianity) that this engraving is anterior to Christianity and is the

crucified Krishna, a Saviour, hence a concrete prophecy of Christ.

(See Isis Unveiled, II., 557,

 

Wizard. A wise man. An enchanter, or sorcerer.

 

Wodan (Saxon). The Scandinavian Odin, Votan, or Wuotan.

 

World. As a prefix to mountains, trees, and so on, it denotes a universal

belief. Thus the “World-Mountain” of the Hindus was Meru. As said in Isis

Unveiled: “All the world-mountains and mundane eggs, the mundane trees, and the

mundane snakes and pillars, may be shown to embody scientifically demonstrated

truths of natural philosophy. All of these mountains contain, with very trifling

variations, the allegorically-expressed description of primal cosmogony ; the

mundane trees, that of subsequent evolution of spirit and matter; the mundane

snakes and pillars, symbolical memorials of the various attributes of this

double evolution in its endless correlation of cosmic forces. Within the

mysterious recesses of the mountain—the matrix of the universe—the gods (powers)

prepare the atomic germs of organic life, and at the same time the life-drink,

which, when tasted, awakens in man-matter the

man-spirit.


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The Soma, the sacrificial drink of the Hindus, is that sacred beverage. For, at

the creation of the prima materia, while the grossest portions of it were used

for the physical embryo-world, its more divine essence pervaded the universe,

invisibly permeating and enclosing within its ethereal waves the newly-born

infant, developing and stimulating it to activity as it slowly evolved out of

the eternal chaos. From the poetry of abstract conception, these mundane myths

gradually passed into the concrete images of cosmic symbols, as archæology now

finds them.” Another and still more usual prefix to all these objects is

“Mundane”. (See “Mundane Egg”, “Mundane Tree”, and “Yggdrasil”.)

 

Worlds, the Four. The Kabbalists recognise Four Worlds of Existence: viz.,

Atziluth or archetypal ; Briah or creative, the first reflection of the highest;

Yetzirah or formative; and Assiah, the ‘World of Shells or Klippoth, and the

material universe. The essence of Deity concentrating into the Sephiroth is

first manifested in the Atziluthic World, and their reflections are produced in

succession in each of the four planes, with gradually lessening radiance and

purity, until the material universe is arrived at. Some authors call these four

planes the intellectual, Moral, Sensuous, and Material Worlds. [w.w.w.]

 

Worlds, Inferior and Superior. The Occultists and the Kabbalists agree in

dividing the universe into superior and inferior worlds, the worlds of Idea and

the worlds of Matter. “As above, so below”, states the Hermetic philosophy. This

lower world is formed on its prototype—the higher world; and “everything in the

lower is but an image (a reflection) of the higher”. (Zohar, ii., fol. 2oa.)

X 

 
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X.—This letter is one of the important symbols in the Occult philosophy. As a

numeral X stands, in mathematics, for the unknown quantity; in occult numerals,

for the perfect number 10; when placed horizontally, thus χ, it means 1,000; the

same with a dash over it χ for 10,000; and by itself, in occult symbolism, it is

Plato’s logos (man as a microcosm) decussated in space in the form of the letter

X. The , or cross within the circle, has moreover a still clearer significance

in Eastern occult philosophy: it IS MAN within his own spherical envelope.

 

Xenophilus. A Pythagorean adept and philosopher, credited by Lucian (de

Macrob.), Pliny and others with having lived to his 170th year, preserving all

his faculties to the last. He wrote on music and was surnamed the “ Musician”.

 

Xisusthrus (Gr.). The Chaldean Noah, on the Assyrian tablets, who is thus

described in the history of the ten kings by Berosus, according to Alexander

Polyhistor: “After the death of (the ninth) Ardates, his son Xisusthrus reigned

eighteen sari. In his time happened a great deluge.” Warned by his deity in a

vision of the forthcoming cataclysm, Xisusthrus was ordered by that deity to

build an ark, to convey into it his relations, together with all the different

animals, bird etc., and trust himself to the rising waters. Obeying the divine

admonition, Xisusthrus is shown to do precisely what Noah did many thousand

years after him. He sent out birds from the vessel which returned to him again;

then a few days after he sent them again, and they returned with their feet

coated with mud; but the third time they came back to him no more. Stranded on a

high mountain of Armenia, Xisusthrus descends and builds an altar to the gods.

Here only, comes a divergence between the polytheistic and monotheistic legends.

Xisusthrus, having worshipped and rendered thanks to the gods for his salvation,

disappeared, and his companions “saw him no more ”. The story informs us that on

account of his great piety Xisusthrus and his family were translated to live

with the gods, as he himself told the survivors. For though his body was gone,

his voice was heard in the air, which, after apprising them of the occurrence,

admonished them to return to Babylon, and pay due regard to virtue, religion,

and the gods. This is more meritorious than to plant vines, get drunk on the

juice of the grape, and curse one’s own son.

 

 

            

Y   


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Y.—The twenty-fifth letter of the English alphabet, and the tenth of the

Hebrew—the Yod. It is the litera Pythagorœ the Pythagorean letter and symbol,

signifying the two branches, or paths of virtue and vice respectively, the right

leading to virtue, the left to vice. In Hebrew Kabbalistic mysticism it is the

phallic male member, and also as number ten, the perfect number. Symbolically,

it is represented by a hand with bent forefinger. Its numerical equivalent is

ten.

 

Yâdaya (Sk.). A descendant of Yadu; of the great race in which Krishna was born.

The founder of this line was Yadu, the son of King Yayâti of the Somavansa or

Lunar Race.It was under Krishna— certainly no mythical personage—that the

kingdom of Dwârakâ in Guzerat was established; and also after the death of

Krishna (3102 B.c.) that all the Yâdavas present in the city perished, when it

was submerged by the ocean. Only a few of the Yâdavas, who were absent from the

town at the time of the catastrophe, escaped to perpetuate this great race. The

Râjâs of Vijaya-Nâgara are now among the small number of its representatives.

 

Yah (Heb.). The word, as claimed in the Zohar, through which the Elohim formed

the worlds. The syllable is a national adaptation and one of the many forms of

the “Mystery name”IAO.

(See “Iaho” and “Yâho ”.)

 

Yâho (Heb.). Fürst shows this to be the same as the Greek Iao. Yâho is an old

Semitic and very mystic name of the supreme deity, while Yah (q.v.) is a later

abbreviation which, from containing an abstract ideal, became finally applied

to, and connected with, a phallic symbol—the lingham of creation. Both Yah and

Yâho were Hebrew “mystery names” derived from Iao, but the Chaldeans had a Yâho

before the Jews adopted it, and with them, as explained by some Gnostics and

Neo-Platonists, it was the highest conceivable deity enthroned above the seven

heavens and representing Spiritual Light (Âtman, the universal), whose ray was

Nous, standing both for the intelligent Demiurge of the Universe of Matter and

the Divine Manas in man, both being Spirit. The true key of this, communicated

to the Initiates only, was that the name of IAO was “triliteral and its nature

secret ”, as explained by the Hierophants. The Phœnicians too had a supreme

deity whose name was triliteral, and


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its meanings secret, this was also IAO; and Y-ha-ho was a sacred word in the

Egyptian mysteries, which signified “the one eternal and concealed deity” in

nature and in man; i.e., the “universal Divine Ideation”, and the human Manas,

or the higher Ego.

 

Yajna (Sk.). “Sacrifice”, whose symbol or representation is now the

constellation Mriga-shiras (deer-head), and also a form of Vishnu. “ The Yajna

”, say the Brahmans, “exists from eternity, for it proceeded from the Supreme,

in whom it lay dormant from no beginning ”. It is the key to the Trai-Vidyâ ,

the thrice sacred science contained in the Rig -Veda verses, which teaches the

Yajna or sacrificial mysteries. As Haug states in his Introduction to the

Aitareya Brâhmana—the Yajna exists as an invisible presence at all times,

extending from the Âhavanîya or sacrificial fire to the heavens, forming a

bridge or ladder by means of which the sacrificer can communicate with the world

of devas, “and even ascend when alive to their abodes”. It is one of the forms

of Akâsa, within which the mystic WORD (or its underlying “ Sound ”) calls it

into existence. Pronounced by the Priest-Initiate or Yogi, this WORD receives

creative powers, and is communicated as an impulse on the terrestrial plane

through a trained Will-power.

 

Yakin and Boaz (Heb.). A Kabbalistic and Masonic symbol. The two pillars of

bronze (Yakin, male and white; Boaz, female and red), cast by Hiram Abif of

Tyre, called “the Widow’s Son , for Solomon’s supposed (Masonic) Temple. Yakin

was the symbol of Wisdom (Chokmah), the second Sephira; and Boaz, that of

Intelligence (Binah); the temple between the two being regarded as Kether, the

crown, Father- Mother.

 

Yaksha (Sk.). A class of demons, who, in popular Indian folk-lore, devour men.

In esoteric science they are simply evil (elemental) influences, who in the

sight of seers and clairvoyants descend on men, when open to the reception of

such influences, like a fiery comet or a shooting star.

 

Yama (Heb.). The personified third root-race in Occultism. In the Indian

Pantheon Yama is the subject of two distinct versions of the myth. In the Vedas

he is the god of the dead, a Pluto or a Minos, with whom the shades of the

departed dwell (the Kâmarûpas in Kâmaloka). A hymn speaks of Yama as the first

of men that died, and the first that departed to the world of bliss (Devachan).

This, because Yama is the embodiment of the race which was the first to be

endowed with consciousness (Manas), without which there is neither Heaven nor

Hades. Yama is represented as the son of Vivaswat (the Sun). He had a

twin-sister named Yami, who was ever urging him, according to another hymn, to

take her


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for his wife, in order to perpetuate the species. The above has a very

suggestive symbolical meaning, which is explained in Occultism. As Dr. Muir

truly remarks, the Rig -Veda—the greatest authority on the primeval myths which

strike the original key-note of the themes that underlie all the subsequent

variations—nowhere shows Yama “as having anything to do with the punishment of

the wicked ”. As king and judge of the dead, a Pluto in short, Yama is a far

later creation. One has to study the true character of Yama-Yamî throughout more

than one hymn and epic poem, and collect the various accounts scattered in

dozens of ancient works, and then he will obtain a consensus of allegorical

statements which will be found to corroborate and justify the Esoteric teaching,

that Yama-Yamî is the symbol of the dual Manas, in one of its mystical meanings.

For instance, Yama-Yamî is always represented of a green colour and clothed with

red, and as dwelling in a palace of copper and iron. Students of Occultism know

to which of the human “principles” the green and the red colours, and by

correspondence the iron and copper,’ are to be applied. The “twofold-ruler ”—the

epithet of Yama Yamî—is regarded in the exoteric teachings of the

Chino-Buddhists as both judge and criminal, the restrainer of his own evil

doings and the evil-doer himself. In the Hindu epic poems Yama-Yami is the twin-

child of the Sun (the deity) by Sanjnâ (spiritual consciousness); but while Yama

is the Aryan “lord of the day”, appearing as the symbol of spirit in the East,

Yamî is the queen of the night (darkness, ignorance) “who opens to mortals the

path to the West ”—the emblem of evil and matter. In the Purânas Yama has many

wives (many Yamis) who force him to dwell in the lower world (Pâtâla, Myalba,

etc., etc.); and an allegory represents him with his foot lifted, to kick

Chhâyâ, the hand maiden of his father (the astral body of his mother, Sanjnâ, a

metaphysical aspect of Buddhi or Alaya). As stated in the Hindu Scriptures, a

soul when it quits its mortal frame, repairs to its abode in the lower regions

(Kâmaloka or Hades). Once there, the Recorder, the Karmic messenger called

Chitragupta (hidden or concealed brightness), reads out his account from the

Great Register, wherein during the life of the human being, every deed and

thought are indelibly impressed-— and, according to the sentence pronounced, the

“soul” either ascends to the abode of the Pitris (Devachan), descends to a “hell

” (Kâmaloka), or is reborn on earth in another human form. The student of

Esoteric philosophy will easily recognise the bearings of the allegories.

 

Yamabooshee, or Yamabusi (Jap.). A sect in Japan of very ancient and revered

mystics. They are monks “militant” and warriors, if needed, as are certain Yogis

in Rajputana and the Lamas in Tibet. This Mystic brotherhood dwell chiefly near

Kioto, and are renowned for their


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healing powers, says the Encyclopœdia, which translates the name “Hermit

Brothers”: “They pretend to magical arts, and live in the recesses of mountains

and craggy steeps, whence they come forth to tell fortunes (?), write charms and

sell amulets. They lead a mysterious life and admit no one to their secrets,

except after a tedious and difficult preparation by fasting and a species of

severe gymnastic exercise ! ”)

 

Yasna, or Yacna (Pahl.). The third portion of the first of the two parts of the

Avesta, the Scripture of the Zoroastrian Parsis. The Yasna is composed of

litanies of the same kind as the Vispêrad (the second portion) and of five hymns

or gâthas. These gâthas are the oldest fragments of Zoroastrian literature known

to the Parsis, for they are written “in a special dialect, older than the

general language of the Avesta” (Darmesteter). (See “ Zend ”.)

 

Yati (Sk) A measure of three feet.

 

Yâtus, or Yâtudhânas (Sk.). A kind of animal-formed demons. Esoterically, human

animal passions.

 

Yazathas (Zend). Pure celestial spirits, whom the Vendidâd shows once upon a

time sharing their food with mortals, who thus participate in their existence.

 

Years of Brahmâ. The whole period of “Brahma’s Age” (100 Years). Equals

31I,040,000,000,000 years. (See “Yuga ”.)

 

Yeheedah (Heb.). Lit., “Individuality ”; esoterically, the highest individuality

or Âtmâ-Buddhi-Manas, when united in one. This doctrine is in the Chaldean Book

of Numbers, which teaches a septenary division of human “principles”, so-called,

as does the Kabalah in the Zohar, according to the Book of Solomon (iii.,Io4a so

as translated in I. Myer’s Qabbalah). At the time of the conception, the Holy

“sends a d’yook-nah, or the phantom of a shadow image” like the face of a man.

it is designed and sculptured in the divine tzelem, i.e., the shadow image of

the Elohim. “ Elohim created man in his (their) tzelem ” or image, says Genesis

(i. 27). It is the tzelem that awaits the child and receives it at the moment of

its conception, and this tzelem is our linga sharira. “ The Rua’h forms with the

Nephesh the actual personality of the man ”, and also his individuality, or, as

expressed by the Kabbalist, the combination of the two is called, if he (man)

deserves it, Yeheedah. This combination is that which the Theosophist calls the

dual Manas, the Higher and the Lower Ego, united to Âtmâ-Buddhi and become one.

For as explained in the Zohar

(i., 205b, 206a, Brody Ed.): “Neshamah, soul (Buddhi), comprises three degrees,

and therefore she has three names, like the mystery above: that is, Nephesh,

Rua’h, Neshamah “, or the Lower Manas, the Higher Ego, and Buddhi, the Divine

Soul. “It is also to be noted that the Neshamah has


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three divisions;” says Myer’s Qabbalah, “the highest is the Ye-hee-dah ”—or

Âtmâ-Buddhi-Manas, the latter once more as a unit; “the middle principle is

Hay-yak “—or Buddhi and the dual Manas; ”and the last and third, the Neshamah,

properly speaking ”—or Soul in general. “They manifest themselves in Ma’hshabah,

thought, Tzelem, phantom of the image, Zurath, prototypes (mâyâvic forms, or

rûpas), and the D'yooknah, shadow of the phantom image. The D’mooth, likeness or

similitude (physical body), is a lower manifestation” (p. 392). Here then, we

find the faithful echo of Esoteric science in the Zohar and other Kabbalistic

works, a perfect Esoteric septenary division. Every Theosophist who has studied

the doctrine sketched out first in Mr. Sinnett’s Occult World and Esoteric

Buddhism, and later in the Theosophist, Lucifer, and other writings, will

recognise them in the Zohar. Compare for instance what is taught in Theosophical

works about the pre- and post-mortem states of the three higher and the four

lower human principles, with the following from the Zohar: “ Because all these

three are one knot like the above, in the mystery of Nephesh, Rua’h, Neshamah,

they are all one, and bound in one. Nephesh (Kâma-Manas) has no light from her

own substance; and it is for this reason that she is associated with the mystery

of guff, the body, to procure enjoyment and food and everything which it needs.

Rua’h (the Spirit) is that which rides on that Nephesh (the lower soul) and

rules over her and lights (supplies) her with everything she needs [ with the

light of reason], and the Nephesh is the throne [ of that Ru’ah. Neshamah

(Divine Soul) goes over to that Rua’h, and she rules over that Rua’h and lights

to him with that Light of Life, and that Rua’h depends on the Neshamah and

receives light from her, which illuminates him. . . When the ‘upper’ Neshamah

ascends (after the death of the body), she goes to . . . the Ancient of the

Ancient, the Hidden of all the Hidden, to receive Eternity. The Rua’h does not

[ go to Gan Eden [ because he is [ up with] Nephesh the Rua’h goes up to Eden,

but not so high as the soul, and Nephesh [ animal principle, lower soul] remains

in the grave below [ Kâmaloka]

(Zohar, ii., 142a, Cremona Ed., ii., fol. 63b col. 252). It would be difficult

not to recognise in the above our Âtmâ (or the “upper” Neshamah), Buddhi

(Neshamah),. Manas (Rua’h), and Kâma-Manas (Nephesh) or the lower animal soul;

the first of which goes after the death of man to join its integral whole, the

second and the third proceeding to Devachan, and the last, or the Kâmarûpa,

“remaining in its grave”, called other wise the Kâmaloka or Hades.

 

Yênê, Angânta. The meaning of the Angânta Yênê is known to all India. It is the

action of an elemental (bhût), who, drawn into the sensitive and passive body of

a medium, takes possession of it. In other


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words, angânta vênê means literally “obsession”. The Hindus dread such a

calamity now as strongly as they did thousands of years ago. “No Hindu, Tibetan,

or Sinhalese, unless of the lowest caste and intelligence, can see, without a

shudder of horror, the signs of ‘mediumship’ manifest themselves in a member of

his family, or without saying, as a Christian would do now, ‘ he hath the

devil’. This ‘gift, blessing, and holy mission’, so called in England and

America. is, among the older peoples, in the cradle-lands of our race, where

longer experience than ours has taught them more spiritual wisdom, regarded as a

dire misfortune.”

 

Yesod (Heb.). The ninth Sephira; meaning Basis or Foundation.

 

Yetzirah (Heb.). The third of the Four Kabbalistic Worlds, referred to the

Angels; the “World of Formation”, or Olam Yetzirah. It is also called Malahayah,

or “of the Angels ”. It is the abode of all the ruling Genii (or Angels) who

control and rule planets, worlds and spheres.

 

Yeu (Chin.). “Being”, a synonym of Subhâva; or “the Substance giving substance

to itself ”.

 

Yggdrasil (Scand.). The “World Tree of the Norse Cosmogony; the ash Yggdrasil ;

the tree of the Universe, of time and of life”. It has three roots, which reach

down to cold Hel, and spread thence to Jotun heim, the land of the Hrimthurses,

or “ Frost Giants ”, and to Midgard, the earth and dwelling of the children of

 

men. Its upper boughs stretch out into heaven, and its highest branch

overshadows Waihalla, the Devachan of the fallen heroes. The Yggdrasil is ever

fresh and green, as it is daily sprinkled by the Norns, the three fateful

sisters, the Past, the Present, and the Future, with the waters of life from the

fountain of Urd that flows on our earth. It will wither and disappear only on

the day when the last battle between good and evil is fought ; when, the former

prevailing, life, time and space pass out of life and space and time. Every

ancient people had their world-tree. The Babylonians had their “tree of life”,

which was the world-tree, whose roots penetrated into the great lower deep or

Hades, whose trunk was on the earth, and whose upper boughs reached Zikum, the

highest heaven above. Instead of in Walhalla, they placed its upper foliage in

the holy house of Davkina, the “great mother” of Tammuz, the Saviour of the

world—the Sun-god put to death by the enemies of light.

 

Yi-King. (Chin.). An ancient Chinese work, written by generations of sages.

 

Yima (Zend). In the Vendîdâd, the first man, and, from his aspect of spiritual

progenitor of mankind, the same as Yama (q.v.). His further


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functions are not given in the Zend books, because so many of these ancient

fragments have been lost, made away with, or otherwise prevented from falling

into the hands of the profane. Yima was not born, for he represents the first

three human Root-races, the first of which is “not born”; but he is the “first

man who dies”, because the third race, the one which was informed by the

rational Higher Egos, was the first one whose men separated into male and

female, and “man lived and died, and was reborn”. (See Secret Doctrine, II., pp.

60 et seq.)

 

Ymir (Scand.). The personified matter of our globe in a seething condition. The

cosmic monster in the form of a giant, who is killed in the cosmogonical

allegories of the Eddas by the three creators, the sons of Bör, Odin, Wili and

 

We, who are said to have conquered Ymir and created the world out of his body.

This allegory shows the three principal forces of nature—separation, formation

and growth (or evolution) conquering the unruly, raging “giant” matter, and

forcing it to become a world, or an inhabited globe. it is curious that an

ancient, primitive and uncultured pagan people, so philosophical and

scientifically correct in their views about the origin and formation of the

earth, should, in order to be regarded as civilized, have to accept the dogma

that the world was created out of nothing!

 

Yod (Heb.). The tenth letter of the alphabet, the first in the four fold symbol

of the compound name

Jah-hovah (Jehovah) or Jah-Eve, the hermaphrodite force and existence in nature.

Without the later vowels, the word Jehovah is written IHVH (the letter Yod

standing for all the three English letters y, i, or j, as the case may require),

and is male-female. The letter Yod is the symbol of the lingham, or male organ,

in its natural triple form, as the Kabalah shows. The second letter He, has for

its symbol the yoni, the womb or “ window-opening” as the Kabalah has it ; the

symbol of the third letter, the Vau, is a crook or a nail (the bishop’s crook

having its origin in this), another male letter, and the fourth is the same as

the second—the whole meaning to be or to exist under one of these forms or both.

Thus the word or name is pre-eminently phallic, it is that of the fighting god

of the Jews, “ Lord of Hosts” ; of the “aggressive Yod” or Zodh, Cain (by

permutation), who slew his female brother, Abel, and spilt his (her) blood. This

name, selected out of many by the early Christian writers, was an unfortunate

one for their religion on account of its associations and original significance

; it is a number at best, an organ in reality. This letter Yod has passed into

God and Gott.

 

Yoga (Sk.). (1) One of the six Darshanas or schools of India; a school of

philosophy founded by Patanjali, though the real Yoga doctrine, the one that is

said to have helped to prepare the world for the preaching


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of Buddha, is attributed with good reasons to the more ancient sage Yâjnawalkya,

the writer of the Shatapatha Brâhmana, of Yajur Veda, the Brihad Âranyaka, and

other famous works. (2) The practice of meditation as a means of leading to

spiritual liberation. Psycho-spiritual powers are obtained thereby, and induced

ecstatic states lead to the clear and correct perception of the eternal truths,

in both the visible and invisible universe.

 

Yogâchârya (Sk.). (1) A mystic school. (2) Lit., a teacher (âchârya) of Yoga,

one who has mastered the doctrines and practices of ecstatic meditation—the

culmination of which are the Mahâsiddhis. It is incorrect to confuse this school

with the Tantra, or Mahâtantra school founded by Samantabhadra, for there are

two Yogâchârya Schools, one esoteric, the other popular. The doctrines of the

latter were compiled and glossed by Asamgha in the sixth century of our era, and

his mystic tantras and mantras, his formularies, litanies, spells and mudrâ

would certainly, if attempted without a Guru, serve rather purposes of sorcery

and black magic than real Yoga. Those who undertake to write upon the subject

are generally learned missionaries and haters of Eastern philosophy in general.

From these no unbiassed views can be expected. Thus when we read in the Sanskrit

-Chinese Dictionary of Eitel, that the reciting of mantras (which he calls “

spells”!) “ should he accompanied by music and distortions of the fingers

(mudrâ), that a state of mental fixity (Samâdhi} might he reached ‘—one

acquainted, however slightly,. with the real practice of Yoga can only shrug his

shoulders. These distortions of the fingers or ,mudrâ are necessary, the author

thinks, for the reaching of Samâdhi, “characterized by there being neither

thought nor annihilation of thought, and consisting of six-fold bodily (sic) and

mental happiness (yogi) whence would result endowment with supernatural

miracle-working power”. Theosophists cannot be too much warned against such

fantastic and prejudiced explanations.

 

Yogi (Sk.). (1) Not “a state of six-fold bodily and mental happiness as the

result, of ecstatic meditation” (Eitel) but a state which, when reached, makes

the practitioner thereof absolute master of his six principles”, he now being

merged in the seventh. It gives him full control, owing to his knowledge of SELF

and Self, over his bodily, intellectual and mental states, which, unable any

longer to interfere with, or act upon, his Higher Ego, leave it free to exist in

its original, pure, and divine state.

(2) Also the name of the devotee who practises Yoga.

 

Yong-Grüb (Tib.). A state of absolute rest, the same as Paranirvâna.

 

Yoni (Sk.). The womb, the female principle.


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Yudishthira (Sk.). One of the heroes of the Mahâbharata. The eldest brother of

the Pândavas, or the five Pându princes who fought against their next of kin,

the Kauravas, the sons of their maternal uncle. Arjuna, the disciple of Krishna,

was his younger brother. The Bhagavad Gitâ gives mystical particulars of this

war. Kunti was the mother of the Pândavas, and Draupadî the wife in common of

the five brothers— an allegory. But Yudishthira is also, as well as Krishna,

Arjuna, and so many other heroes, an historical character, who lived some 5,000

years ago, at the period when the Kali Yuga set in.

Yuga (Sk.). A 1,000th part of a Kalpa. An age of the World of which there are

four, and the series of which proceed in succession during the manvantaric

cycle. Each Yuga is preceded by a period called in the Purânas Sandhyâ,

twilight, or transition period, and is followed by another period of like

duration called Sandhyânsa, “portion of twilight”. Each is equal to one-tenth of

the Yuga.  The group of four Yugas is first computed by the divine years, or “

years of the gods”—each such year being equal to 360 years of mortal men. Thus

we have, in “divine” years :

      1.          Krita or Satya Yuga      -           - -        4,000

           Sandhyâ           -           -           -           -           400

           Sandhyansa      -           -           -           -          400

                                                                                

                4,800

 

      2.  Tretâ Yuga    -           -           -           -           3,000

           Sandhyâ           -           -           -           -           300

           Sandhyânsa      -           -           -           -          300

                                                                                 

                3,600

 

      3.  Dwâpara Yuga          -           -           -           2,000

           Sandhya           -           -           -           -           200

           Sandhyânsa      -           -           -           -          200

                                                                                

               2,400

     

      4.  Kali Yuga         -           -           -           -       1,000

           Sandhyâ           -           -           -           -          100

           Sandhyânsa -           -           -           -              100

                                                                                

               1,200

                                                                        Total   

12,000

This rendered in years of mortals equals:

                     4800    X 360      =    1,728,000

                                                                          3600  

 X 360      =    1,296,000

                                                                          2400  

 X 360      =       864,000

                                                                          1200  

 X 360       =      432,000

                                             Total  4,320,000


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The above is called a Mahâyuga or Manvantara. 2,000 such Mahâyugas, or a period

of 8,640,000 years, make a Kalpa the latter being only a “day and a night”, or

twenty-four hours, of Brahmâ. Thus an “age of Brahmâ”, or one hundred of his

divine years, must equal 311,040,000,000,000 of our mortal years. The old

Mazdeans or Magi (the modern Parsis) had the same calculation, though the

Orientalists do not seem to perceive it, for even the Parsi Moheds themselves

have forgotten it. But their “Sovereign time of the Long Period” (Zervan Dareghâ

Hvadâta) lasts 12,000 years, and these are the 12,000 divine years of a Mahâyuga

as shown above, whereas the Zervan Akarana (Limitless Time), mentioned by

Zarathustra, is the Kâla, out of space and time, of Parabrahm.

 

Yurbo Adonai. A contemptuous epithet given by the followers of the Nazarene

Codex, the St. John Gnostics, to the Jehovah of the Jews.

 

Yürmungander (Scand.). A name of the Midgard snake in the Edda, whose brother is

Wolf Fenris, and whose sister is the horrible monster Hel—the three children of

 

wicked Loki and Angurboda (carrier of anguish), a dreaded giantess. The mundane

snake of the Norsemen, the monster created by Loki but fashioned by the constant

putrid emanations from the body of the slain giant Ymir (the matter of our

globe), and producing in its turn a constant emanation, which serves as a veil

between heaven and earth, i.e., the Astral Light.

 

                       

Z  


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Z.—The 26th letter of the English alphabet. It stands as a numeral for 2,000,

and with a dash over it thus, Z, equals 2,000,000. It is the seventh letter in

the Hebrew alphabet—zayin, its symbol being a kind of Egyptian sceptre, a

weapon. The zayin is equivalent to number seven. The number twenty-six is held

most sacred by the Kabbalists, being equal to the numerical value of the letters

of the Tetragrammaton

—thus

                                                                               

he vau he yod

5 + 6 + 5 + ‘0 =26.

Zabulon (Heb.). The abode of God, the tenth Devachan in degree. Hence Zabulon,

the tenth son of Jacob.

 

Zacchai (Heb.). One of the deity-names.

 

Zadok (Heb.). According to Josephus (see Antiquities, x., 8, § 6), Zadok was the

first High-Priest Hierophant of Solomon’s High Temple. Masons connect him with

some of their degrees.

 

Zalmat Gaguadi (Akkad.). Lit., “the dark race”, the first that fell into

generation in the Babylonian legends. The Adamic race, one of the two principal

races that existed at the time of the ‘ Fall of Man (hence our third Root-race),

the other being called Sarku, or the “light race”.

(Secret Doctrine, II., 5.)

 

Zampun (Tib.). The sacred tree of life, having many mystic meanings.

 

Zarathustra (Zend). The great lawgiver, and the founder of the religion

variously called Mazdaism, Magism, Parseeїsm, Fire-Worship, and Zoroastrianism.

The age of the last Zoroaster (for it is a generic name) is not known, and

perhaps for that very reason. Xanthus of Lydia, the earliest Greek writer who

mentions this great lawgiver and religious reformer, places him about six

hundred years before the Trojan War. But where is the historian who can now tell

when the latter took place? Aristotle and also Eudoxus assign him a date of no

less than 6,000 years before the days of Plato, and Aristotle was not one to

make a statement without a good reason for it. Berosus makes him a king of

Babylon some 2,200 years B.C.; but then, how can one tell what were the original

figures of Berosus, before his MSS. passed through the hands of Eusebius, whose

fingers were so deft at altering figures,


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whether in Egyptian synchronistic tables or in Chaldean chronology? Haug refers

Zoroaster to at least 1,000 years B.C.; and Bunsen (God in History, Vol. I.,

Book iii., ch. vi., p. 276) finds that Zarathustra Spitama lived under the King

Vistaspa about 3,000 years B.C., and describes him as “one of the mightiest

intellects and one of the greatest men of all time”. It is with such exact dates

in hand, and with the utterly extinct language of the Zend, whose teachings are

rendered, probably in the most desultory manner, by the Pahlavi translation—a

tongue, as shown by Darmsteter, which was itself growing obsolete so far back as

the Sassanides— that our scholars and Orientalists have presumed to monopolise

to themselves the right of assigning hypothetical dates for the age of the holy

prophet Zurthust. But the Occult records claim to have the correct dates of each

of the thirteen Zoroasters mentioned in the Dabistan. Their doctrines, and

especially those of the last (divine) Zoroaster, spread from Bactria to the

Medes; thence, under the name of Magism, incorporated by the Adept-Astronomers

in Chaldea, they greatly influenced the mystic teachings of the Mosaic

doctrines, even before, perhaps, they had culminated into what is now known as

the modern religion of the Parsis. Like Manu and Vyâsa in India, Zarathustra is

a generic name for great reformers and law-givers. The hierarchy began with the

divine Zarathustra in the Vendîdâd, and ended with the great, but mortal man,

bearing that title, and now lost to history. There were, as shown by the

Dabistan, many Zoroasters or Zarathustras. As related in the Secret Doctrine,

Vol. II., the last Zoroaster was the founder of the Fire-temple of Azareksh,

many ages before the historical era. Had not Alexander destroyed so many sacred

and precious works of the Mazdeans, truth and philosophy would have been more

inclined to agree with history, in bestowing upon that Greek Vandal the title of

“the Great”.

 

Zarpanitu (Akkad) The goddess who was the supposed mother, by Merodach, of Nebo,

god of Wisdom. One of the female “Serpents of Wisdom”.

 

Zelator. The lowest degree in the exoteric Rosicrucian system; a kind of

probationer or low chelâ.

 

Zend-Avesta (Pahl.). The general name for the sacred books of the Parsis, fire

or sun worshippers, as they are ignorantly called. So little is understood of

the grand doctrines which are still found in the various fragments that compose

all that is now left of that collection of religious works, that Zoroastrianism

is called indifferently Fire-worship, Mazdaism, or Magism, Dualism, Sun-worship,

and what not. The Avesta has two parts as now collected together, the first

portion containing the Vendîdâd, the Vispêrad and the Yasna; and the second

portion, called the Khorda Avesta (Small Avesta), being composed of short

prayers


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called Gâh, Nyâyish, etc. Zend means “a commentary or explanation”, and Avesta

(from the old Persian âbashtâ, “the law”. (See Darmsteter.) As the translator of

the Vendîdâd remarks in a foot note (see int. xxx.): “what it is customary to

call ‘the Zend language’, ought to be named ‘the Avesta language’, the Zend

being no language at all and if the word be used as the designation of one, it

can be rightly applied only to the Pahlavi”. But then, the Pahlavi itself is

only the language into which certain original portions of the Avesta are

translated. What name should be given to the old Avesta language, and

particularly to the “special dialect, older than the general language of the

Avesta” (Darmst.), in which the five Ghthas in the Yasna are written? To this

day the Orientalists are mute upon the subject. Why should not the Zend be of

the same family, if not identical with the Zen-sar, meaning also the speech

explaining the abstract symbol, or the “mystery language,” used by Initiates?

 

Zervana Akarna, or Zrvana Akarna (Pahl.). As translated from the Vendîdâd

(Fargard xix), lit.,

“Boundless”, or “Limitless Time”, or “Duration in a Circle”. Mystically, the

Beginningless and the Endless One Principle in Nature ; the Sat of the Vedânta

and esoterically, the Universal Abstract Space synonymous with the Unknowable

Deity. It is the Ain-Soph of the Zoroastrians, out of which radiates Ahura

Mazda, the eternal Light or Logos, from which, in its turn, emanates everything

that has being, existence and form.

 

Zeus (Gr.). The “Father of the gods”. Zeus-Zen is Æther, there fore Jupiter was

called Pater Æther by some Latin races.

 

Zicu (Akkad.). Primordial matter, from Zi, spirit-substance, Zikum and Zigarum.

 

Zio (Scand.). Also Tyr and Tius, A god in the Eddas who conquers and chains

Fenris-WoIf, when the latter threatened the gods themselves in Asgard, and lost

a hand in the battle with the monster. He is the god of war, and was greatly

worshipped by the ancient Germans.

 

Zipporah (Heb.). Lit., the shining, the radiant. In the Biblical allegory of

Genesis, Zipporah is one of the seven daughters of Jethro, the Midianite priest,

the Initiator of Moses, who meets Zipporah (or spiritual light) near the “well”

(of occult knowledge) and marries her.

 

Zirat-banit (Chald.). The wife of the great, divine hero of the Assyrian

tablets, Merodach. She is identified with the Succoth Benoth of the Bible.

 

Ziruph (Heb.). More properly Tziruph, a mode of divination by Temura, or

permutation of letters, taught by the mediæval Kabbalists. The school of Rabbis

Abulafia and Gikatilla laid the most stress on the value of this process of the

Practical Kabalah. [w.w.w.]


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Zodiac (Gr.). From the word zodion, a diminutive of zoon, animal. This word is

used in a dual meaning; it may refer to the fixed and intellectual Zodiac, or to

the movable and natural Zodiac. “In astronomy”, says Science, “it is an

imaginary belt in the heavens 16° or 18° broad, through the middle of which

passes the sun’s path (the ecliptic) .“It contains the twelve constellations

which constitute the twelve signs of the Zodiac, and from which they are named.

As the nature of the zodiacal light—that elongated, luminous, triangular figure

which, lying almost in the ecliptic, with its base on the horizon and its apex

at greater and smaller altitudes, is to be seen only during the morning and

evening twilights—is entirely unknown to science, the origin and real

significanće and occult meaning of the Zodiac were, and are still, a mystery, to

all save the Initiates. The latter preserved their secrets well. Between the

Chaldean star-gazer and the modern astrologer there lies to this day a wide gulf

indeed; and they wander, in the words of Albumazar, “‘twixt the poles, and

heavenly hinges, ‘mongst eccentricals, centres, concentricks, circles and

epicycles”, with vain pretence to more than profane human skill. Yet, some of

the astrologers, from Tycho Braire and Kepler of astrological memory, down to

the modern Zadkiels and Raphaels, have contrived to make a wonderful science

from such scanty occult materials as they have had in hand from Ptolemy

downwards. (See “Astrology”.) To return to the astrological Zodiac proper,

however, it is an imaginary circle passing round the earth in the plane of the

equator, its first point being called Aries 0º. It is divided into twelve equal

parts called “Signs of the Zodiac”, each containing 30º of space, and on it is

measured the right ascension of celestial bodies. The movable or natural Zodiac

is a succession of constellations forming a belt of in width, lying north and

south of the plane of the ecliptic. The precession of the Equinoxes is caused by

the “motion” of the sun through space, which makes the constellations appear to

move forward against the order of the signs at the rate of 501/3 seconds per

year. A simple calculation will show that at this rate the constellation Taurus

(Heb. Aleph) was in the first sign of the Zodiac at the beginning of the Kali

Yuga, and consequently the Equinoctial point fell therein. At this time, also,

Leo was in the summer solstice, Scorpio in the autumnal Equinox, and Aquarius in

the winter solstice ; and these facts form the astronomical key to half the

religious mysteries of the world-—the Christian scheme included. The Zodiac was

known in India and Egypt for incalculable ages, and the knowledge of the sages

(magi) of these countries, with regard to the occult influence of the stars and

heavenly bodies on our earth, was far greater than profane astronomy can ever

hope to reach to. If, even now, when most of the secrets of the Asuramayas and

the Zoroasters


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are lost, it is still amply shown that horoscopes and judiciary astrology are

far from being based on fiction, and if such men as Kepler and even Sir Isaac

Newton believed that stars and constellations influenced the destiny of our

globe and its humanities, it requires no great stretch of faith to believe that

men who were initiated into all the mysteries of nature, as well as into

astronomy and astrology, knew precisely in what way nations and mankind, whole

races as well as individuals, would be affected by the so-called “signs of the

Zodiac”.

 

Zohak, or Azhi Dâhaka. The personification of the Evil One or Satan under the

shape of a serpent, in the Zend Avesta. This serpent is three-headed, one of the

heads being human. The Avesta describes it as dwelling in the region of Bauri or

Babylonia. In reality Zohak is the allegorical symbol of the Assyrian dynasty,

whose banner had on it the purple sign of the dragon. (Isis Unveiled, Vol. II.,

p. 486, n.)

 

Zohar, or Sohar. A compendium of Kabbalistic Theosophy, which shares with the

Sepher Yetzirah the reputation of being the oldest extant treatise on the Hebrew

esoteric religious doctrines. Tradition assigns its authorship to Rabbi Simeon

ben Jochai, AD. 80, but modern criticism is inclined to believe that a very

large portion of the volume is no older than 1280, when it was certainly edited

and published by Rabbi Moses de Leon, of Guadalaxara in Spain. The reader should

consult the references to these two names. In Lucifer (Vol. I., p. 141) will be

found also notes on this subject : further discussion will be attainable in the

works of Zunz, Graetz, Jost, Steinschneider, Frankel and Ginsburg. The work of

Franck (in French) upon the Kabalah may be referred to with advantage. The truth

seems to lie in a middle path, viz., that while Moses de Leon was the first to

produce the volume as a whole, yet a large part of some of its constituent

tracts consists of traditional dogmas and illustrations, which have come down

from the time of Simeon ben Jochai and the Second Temple. There are portions of

the doctrines of the Zohar which bear the impress of Chaldee thought and

civilization, to which the Jewish race had been exposed in the Babylonish

captivity. Yet on the other hand, to condemn the theory that it is ancient in

its entirety, it is noticed that the Crusades are mentioned; that a quotation is

made from a hymn by Ibn Gebirol, A,D. 1050; that the asserted author, Simeon ben

Jochai, is spoken of as more eminent than Moses; that it mentions the

vowel-points, which did not come into use until Rabbi Mocha (AD. 570) introduced

them to fix the pronunciation of words as a help to his pupils, and lastly, that

it mentions -a comet which can be proved by the evidence of the context to have

appeared in 1264. There is no English translation of the Zohar as a whole, nor

even a Latin one. The Hebrew editions obtainable are those of Mantua, 1558;


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Cremona, 1560; and Lublin, 1623. The work of Knorr von Rosenroth called Kabbala

Denudata includes several of the treatises of the Zohar, but not all of them,

both in Hebrew and Latin. MacGregor Mathers has published an English translation

of three of these treatises, the Book of Concealed Mystery, the Greater and the

Lesser Holy Assembly, and his work includes an original introduction to the

subject.

The principal tracts included in the Zohar are :—“ The Hidden Midrash”, “The

Mysteries of the Pentateuch”, “The Mansions and Abodes of Paradise and

Gaihinnom”, “The Faithful Shepherd”, “The Secret of Secrets”, “Discourse of the

Aged in Mishpatim” (punishment of souls), “The Januka or Discourse of the Young

Man”, and “The Tosephta and Mathanithan”, which are additional essays on

Emanation and the Sephiroth, in addition to the three important treatises

mentioned above. In this storehouse may be found the origin of all the later

developments of Kabbalistic teaching. [w.w.w.]

 

Zoroaster. Greek form of Zarathustra (q.v.).

 

Zumyad Yasht (Zend). Or Zamyad Yasht as some spell it. One of the preserved

Mazdean fragments. It treats of metaphysical questions and beings, especially of

the Amshaspends or the Amesha Spenta—the Dhyân Chohans of the Avesta books.

 

Zuñi. The name of a certain tribe of Western American Indians, a very ancient

remnant of a still more ancient race. (Secret Doctrine, II., p. 628.)

 

 

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